November

Structured
Andres
Curry
IT
Ronald
2789Structured
College
Ramirez
Krawitz
8,Programming
2015 Programming
Versus Object Orientated Programming
Even though structured programming and object orientated programming are
different from one another, they are both useful to computer programmers. Struc
tured programming focuses on process and structure of data while object orientat
ed programming just focuses on data. 1 Structured programming says that this is
a method of writing computer code that uses top-down analysis for problem solvin
g. Structured programming uses the top down approach, which developers break dow
n the program into separate subsections in order to make it easier to read. Obje
ct orientated programming, on the other hand, is a kind of programming language
model organized with objects. Instead of the top down approach, OOP follows the
bottom upFrom
approach
the beginning,
(Rouse, M.even
2005).
before object orientated programming was introd
uced programmers were using structured programming. Computer programmers at the
time still used variables, assignment to variables, expression construction, and
function evaluation. Usually the programmers spent a lot of their time designin
g these programs. Eventually ways were found to reduce the time it took to make
the programs. However, Ross and Zhang (1997) stated that problems arise when str
uctured programmers found that they usually could not reuse routines already cod
ed for earlier programs. As a result, programmers became frustrated over the fac
t that they save themselves time by being able to reuse certain code for other p
rogrammers. In 1967, the first object orientating language was created. SIMULA-6
7 as it was called, had several unique ways of coding subroutines with improved
potential for reuse. Over the years object orientated programming and structure
programming
In addition
have change
to reusability,
dramaticallythere
makingarethem
manydifferent
other advantages
from one that
another.
make ob
ject orientated programming useful. According to Pascoe (1986), Object orientate
d programming has the ability to hide information and data abstraction, which in
creases reliability and help disassemble procedural specification from implement
ation. Meyer (1987) suggests the fact that it increases its reliability means th
at object orientated design can be broken down into parts so that it can be easi
er to understand. Moreover, information hiding is important for ensuring reliabi
lity and modifiability of software systems by reducing interdependencies between
software components. In addition, Pascoe (1986) mentions that a Carefully desig
ned module interfaces may permit the internal data structures and procedures to
be changed without affecting the implementation of other software modules. The i
nternal data structures can be changed affecting the process of other software m
odules. While
This isobject
why OOP
orientated
is usefulprogramming
when it comes
has many
to hiding
advantages
information.
that are conside
red superior to structured programming, it also has its Achilles heel. One of th
e disadvantages is the run time cost of the dynamic binding mechanism. Meyer, B.
(1987) says that Dynamic binding is a mechanism by which a computer program wai
ts until runtime to bind the name of a method being called. In other words, whil
e the program is executing the object or function is looked up by name. Programm
ers have often said that a message send function takes more time than it should.
According to Pascoe (1986) its studies show that with a well-implemented messen
ger this overhead is approximately 1.75 times a standard function call. Sending
or receiving messages takes more time than regular structural programming, as ob
ject orientated
In addition
programming
to objectdoes
orientating
not have disadvantages,
this problem. Melly (December 8) says
that it also has the problem with implementing programming languages because of
its complexity. From the work of Meyer (1987), due to the complexity it is said
that there is a semantic gap between these languages and typical hardware machi
nes. The programmer has to learn how to use object orientated programming befor
e becoming proficient. As a result, more work in getting software simulation is
required.Another
It is problem
also harder
withtoobject-orientated
acquire because programming
it can be veryis that
expensive.
users need to
be taught how to use it. This is actually a bigger problem than most people thi
nk. According to Ross, J. M., & Zhang, H. (1997) it was found that expert progra
mmers could not adapt to the ways of learning object orientated programming. As
a result, this approach to designing and building applications requires changing
mindsets. Programmers are so focused with using the style and method for many y
ears that they get accustomed to it. The introduction of a new programming metho
d made the learning experience all the more harder because of what they were mor
e used toStructured
doing. programming is considered to more easily and more quickly wri
tten. The works from 1 Structured Programming is saying that the program can be
much easier to maintain. When programs and systems are used, there is often a ne
ed to modify them, either by making changes or adding new features. 1 Structured
Programming also points out that writing, debugging, and testing a program cons
ume less than half of the entire programming effort invested in the program. As
a result, the task becomes much easier. The program becomes much more readable f
or the viewer and the other programmers. If there are any errors visible in the
program, changes can be made quickly to fix them. Also, everything with the prog
ram acts as one, which in other words means that one simple change does require
that other
Asidechanges
from thebeadvantages
made throughout
of structured
the entire
programming,
program. it also has its disad
vantages. According to 1 Structured Programming, the problems that it has, usual
ly comes from the way that programs are written. For example due to encapsulatio
n, Richter (2011) reports that there is a greater chance of errors. Even if ther
e is code without errors in one place same piece of code may appear in a differe
nt part of the program and could have problems there. In addition, since the cod
e that is written may appear in different parts of the program, it can be vulner
able to Again,
a variety
structured
of problems
programming
because and
of its
object
location.
orientated programming are diff
erent. Each of them has their own advantages and disadvantages. Both of them are
used differently for different purposes. For many programmers there are problem
s that arise when they are in the middle of coding a program. Either problem fro
m using one method may lead to the use of the other method. For example, while u
sing object orientated programming, any programmer could hide information from o
utside viewers or other programmers because structured programming lacks the abi
lity to hide information. All in all it is debatable that both styles of compute
r programming are good but depending on what the programmer is trying to do it d
epends
Structured
1. Melly,
which
M.Programming
one they need
(December Sources
8). to use.Oriented Basic Concepts and Advantages. Retrie
Object
vedRoss,
2. from J.
http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/250857/3/html/node3.html
M., & Zhang, H. (1997, October 4). Structured Programmers Learning O
bject-Oriented Programming. Retrieved from http://bulletin.sigchi.org/1997/octob
3. Meyer, B. (1987). Reusability: The Case for Object-Oriented Design. Retrieved
er/papers/ross/
4.from
http://users.csc.calpoly.edu/~jdalbey/308/Resources/StructuredProgramming
1 Structured
Google Scholar.
Programming. (n.d.). Retrieved from doi:fo
undPascoe,
5. within G.Levin
A. (1986,
LibraryAugust).
databasesObject Orientated Programming. Retrieved from G
oogle
6.
17.
Running
Richter,
Rouse,
Scholar.
head:
M.L.(2005,
Structured
(2011,August).
MayProgramming
23).Object
What orientated
Are
Versus
Disadvantages
Object
programming.
Orientated
of Structured
Programming
Programming?