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1. Introduction into development of Android

applications
1.1. The Android operating system

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Table 1. Android versions

1.2. How to develop Android applications

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1.3. Android Developer Tools and Android Studio

Using Eclipse for Android development

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1.4. Conversion process from source code to Android

application

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2. Installation of Android Studio

2.1. System requirements

2.2. Requirements for using Linux

CONSOLE

2.3. Download Android Studio

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2.4. Installation of Android Studio

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3. Exercise: Getting started with Android

Studio

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Table 2. Setting for your Android project

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3.3. Create a virtual device (AVD)

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3.4. Start your virtual device

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4.1. Using the Android SDK manager QUICK

LINKS

4.2. Install selected Android version or library

4.3. Install support library

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5.2. Debug certificate and expire date

5.3. Google vs. Android AVD

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5.4. Speed optimization with GPU rendering LINKS

5.5. Speed optimization with the Intel system image

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5.6. Installation of the Intel emulator on Windows

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5.7. Installation of the Intel emulator on Linux

5.8. Using a real Android device for testing

6. Software components of an Android

application
6.1. Android application

Table 3. Android application components

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6.2. Defining the user interface with fragments, views

and layout managers

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6.3. Home screen widgets

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7. The Android manifest

7.1. Configuration of your Android application

7.2. Android manifest example

XML

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xmlns:android "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package "com.example.android.rssreader"

android:versionName "1.0" >

-
android:minSdkVersion "16"
android:targetSdkVersion "19" /> QUICK
<uses-permission
android:name "android.permission.INTERNET" />
LINKS
<application
android:name "RssApplication"
android:allowBackup "false"
android:icon "@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label "@string/app_name"
android:theme "@style/AppTheme" >
<activity
android:name "RssfeedActivity"
android:label "@string/title_activity_main" >
<intent-filter>
<action
android:name "android.intent.action.MAIN" />

<category
android:name "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity
android:name ".DetailActivity"
android:label "Details" >
</activity>
<activity android:name "MyPreferenceActivity" >
</activity>

<service android:name "RssDownloadService" >

</service>
</application>

</manifest>

7.3. Version and package

7.4. Application and components

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7.5. Minimum and target SDK

Table 4. Minimum and target version

7.6. Permissions

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7.7. Required device configuration LINKS

XML
<uses-configuration android:reqHardKeyboard "true"/>

XML
<uses-feature android:name "android.hardware.camera" />

7.8. Installation location

7.9. More info

8. Resources
8.1. Resource files

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Table 5. Resources QUICK

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8.2. Example: Defining strings, string arrays, colors

and dimensions

XML

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<resources>

<string name "action_settings"> </string>

" ">

<string-array name "operationsystems">

<item>
<item>
</item>
</item>
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<item>
</string-array>
</item>
LINKS
<color name "red"> </color>

<dimen name "mymargin"> </dimen>

</resources>

8.3. Resource files and R.java

8.4. Layout files

XML

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xmlns:android "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools "http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_height "match_parent"
" "
"
android:paddingRight "@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop "@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
tools:context ".MainActivity" >
QUICK
<TextView
LINKS
android:id "@+id/mytext"
android:layout_width "wrap_content"
android:layout_height "wrap_content"
android:text "@string/hello_world" />

</RelativeLayout>

JAVA
package

import android.os.Bundle
import android.app.Activity
import android.view.Menu

MainActivity

@Override

super

8.5. Performance considerations with layouts

8.6. Good practices for resources IDs

XML

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android:id "@+id/button1"
android:layout_width "wrap_content"

android:text "Show Preferences" >

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XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<item name "button1" type "id"/>
</resources>

XML
<RelativeLayout
xmlns:android "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools "http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width "match_parent"
android:layout_height "match_parent"
tools:context ".MainActivity" >

<Button
android:id "@id/button1"
android:layout_width "wrap_content"
android:layout_height "wrap_content"
android:layout_centerHorizontal "true"
android:layout_centerVertical "true"
android:layout_marginRight "27dp"
android:text "Button" />

</RelativeLayout>

8.7. System resources

9. Views and layout manager

9.1. View - The user interface widgets in Android

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9.2. Using a layout manager LINKS

9.3. Layout attributes

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9.4. Constraint layout

9.5. FrameLayout

9.6. LinearLayout

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9.7. RelativeLayout

XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
xmlns:android "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width "match_parent"
android:layout_height "match_parent"
android:orientation "vertical" >

<ProgressBar
android:id "@+id/progressBar1"
style "?android:attr/progressBarStyleLarge"
android:layout_width "wrap_content"
android:layout_height "wrap_content"
android:layout_centerInParent "true"
/>

</RelativeLayout>

9.8. GridLayout

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<GridLayout
XML
LINKS
xmlns:android "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id "@+id/GridLayout1"
android:layout_width "match_parent"
android:layout_height "match_parent"
android:columnCount "4"
android:useDefaultMargins "true" >

<TextView
android:layout_column "0"
android:layout_columnSpan "3"
android:layout_gravity "center_horizontal"
android:layout_marginTop "40dp"
android:layout_row "0"
android:text "User Credentials"
android:textSize "32dip" />

<TextView
android:layout_column "0"
android:layout_gravity "right"
android:layout_row "1"
android:text "User Name: " >
</TextView>

<EditText
android:id "@+id/input1"
android:layout_column "1"
android:layout_columnSpan "2"
android:layout_row "1"
android:ems "10" />

<TextView
android:layout_column "0"
android:layout_gravity "right"
android:layout_row "2"
android:text "Password: " >
</TextView>

<EditText
android:id "@+id/input2"
android:layout_column "1"
android:layout_columnSpan "2"
android:layout_row "2"
android:inputType "textPassword"
android:ems "8" />

<Button
android:id "@+id/button1"
android:layout_column "2"
android:layout_row "3"
android:text "Login" />

</GridLayout>

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9.9. ScrollView

XML

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<ScrollView
xmlns:android "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_height "match_parent"
" "

<TextView
android:id "@+id/TextView01"
QUICK
android:layout_width "wrap_content"
android:layout_height "wrap_content"
LINKS
android:paddingLeft "8dip"
android:paddingRight "8dip"
android:paddingTop "8dip"
android:text "This is a header"
android:textAppearance "?
android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" >
</TextView>

</ScrollView>

9.10. Add radio group and radio buttons to your

layout

Table 6. ID Assignment

XML

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xmlns:android "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools "http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_height "match_parent"
" "
"
android:paddingRight "@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop "@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
tools:context ".MainActivity" >
QUICK
LINKS
<EditText
android:layout_width "wrap_content"
android:layout_height "wrap_content"
android:id "@+id/main_input"
android:layout_alignParentTop "true"
android:layout_alignParentStart "true"
android:layout_alignParentEnd "true" />

<Button
android:layout_width "wrap_content"
android:layout_height "wrap_content"
android:text "Start"
android:id "@+id/button"
android:layout_below "@id/main_input"
android:layout_alignParentStart "true"
android:onClick "onClick"/>

<RadioGroup
android:id "@+id/orientation"
android:layout_below "@id/button"
android:layout_width "match_parent"
android:layout_height "wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop "16dp">

<RadioButton
android:id "@+id/horizontal"
android:layout_width "wrap_content"
android:layout_height "wrap_content"
android:text "Horizontal" >
</RadioButton>

<RadioButton
android:id "@+id/vertical"
android:layout_width "wrap_content"
android:layout_height "wrap_content"
android:checked "true"
android:text "Vertical" >
</RadioButton>
</RadioGroup>

</RelativeLayout>

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9.11. Change radio group orientation dynamically

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JAVA

new

@Override

switch
case

break
case

break

9.12. Validating

10. Using and accessing static resources

10.1. References to resources in code

JAVA
// BitmapFactory requires an instance of the Resource class

10.2. Accessing views from the layout in an activity

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@Override
JAVA QUICK
super
LINKS

// TODO do something with the TextView

JAVA
// search in the layout of the activity

// afterwards search in linearLayout for another view

// note, you could have directly searched for R.id.mytext, the

above coding
// is just for demonstration purposes

JAVA
package

import android.app.Activity
import android.view.View

UiUtils

return

return

JAVA
this

10.3. Reference to resources in XML files

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10.4. Using assets?

JAVA
// get the AssetManager

// read the "logo.png" bitmap from the assets folder

null
try
"logo.png"

// assign the bitmap to an ImageView in this layout

catch

finally
if null
try

catch

11. Exercise: Using resources in XML files and

in code
11.1. Add images to your application

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JAVA

for
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for LINKS

"@+id/myicon"

"@drawable/ic_offline"

11.3. Replace images via button click

11.4. Validating

12. Exercise: Using ScrollView

XML

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<ScrollView
xmlns:android "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_height "match_parent"
" "

<LinearLayout
android:id "@+id/LinearLayout01"
QUICK
android:layout_width "match_parent"
android:layout_height "wrap_content"
LINKS
android:orientation "vertical" >

<TextView
android:id "@+id/TextView01"
android:layout_width "wrap_content"
android:layout_height "wrap_content"
android:paddingLeft "8dip"
android:paddingRight "8dip"
android:paddingTop "8dip"
android:text "This is a header"
android:textAppearance "?
android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" >
</TextView>

<TextView
android:id "@+id/TextView02"
android:layout_width "wrap_content"
android:layout_height "match_parent"
android:layout_weight "1.0"
android:text "@+id/TextView02" >
</TextView>

<LinearLayout
android:id "@+id/LinearLayout02"
android:layout_width "wrap_content"
android:layout_height "wrap_content" >

<Button
android:id "@+id/Button01"
android:layout_width "wrap_content"
android:layout_height "wrap_content"
android:layout_weight "1.0"
android:text "Submit" >
</Button>

<Button
android:id "@+id/Button02"
android:layout_width "wrap_content"
android:layout_height "wrap_content"
android:layout_weight "1.0"
android:text "Cancel" >
</Button>
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

</ScrollView>

JAVA

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import android.app.Activity

import android.view.View

ScrollViewActivity
@Override QUICK
super
LINKS
""
for 0 500
"vogella.com "

13. Exercise: Create a temperature converter

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13.1. Create Project

Table 7. New Android project

13.2. Create attributes

Table 8. New attributes to add

XML

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<resources>

<string name "action_settings"> </string>

" ">
name
<string name "celsius"> </string>
<string name "fahrenheit">
<string name "calc"> </string>
</string> QUICK
</resources>
LINKS

13.3. Creating the layout

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XML

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xmlns:android "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools "http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_height "match_parent"
" "
"
android:paddingLeft "@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight "@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop "@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
QUICK
tools:context ".MainActivity"
android:background "@color/myColor">
LINKS
<EditText
android:layout_width "match_parent"
android:layout_height "wrap_content"
android:id "@+id/editText1" />

<RadioGroup
android:id "@+id/radioGroup1"
android:layout_width "wrap_content"
android:layout_height "wrap_content"
android:layout_alignStart "@+id/editText1"
android:layout_below "@+id/editText1">

<RadioButton
android:id "@+id/radio0"
android:layout_width "wrap_content"
android:layout_height "wrap_content"
android:checked "true"
android:text "RadioButton" />

<RadioButton
android:id "@+id/radio1"
android:layout_width "wrap_content"
android:layout_height "wrap_content"
android:text "RadioButton" />
</RadioGroup>

<Button
android:id "@+id/button1"
android:layout_width "wrap_content"
android:layout_height "wrap_content"
android:layout_alignStart "@+id/radioGroup1"
android:layout_below "@+id/radioGroup1"
android:layout_marginTop "22dp"
android:text "Button" />

</LinearLayout>

13.4. Edit view properties

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"@+id/inputValue"
"match_parent"
"wrap_content"
"true"
"@+id/textView"
"10"
"numberSigned|numberDecimal"

JAVA

"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
"http://schemas.android.com/tools"
"match_parent"
"match_parent"
"vertical"
"@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
"@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
"@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
"@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
".MainActivity"
"@color/myColor"

JAVA

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"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
"http://schemas.android.com/tools"

"match_parent"
" "
"
"@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
"@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
"@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
QUICK
".MainActivity"
"@color/myColor"
LINKS

"match_parent"
"wrap_content"
"@+id/inputValue"
"numberSigned|numberDecimal"

"@+id/radioGroup1"
"wrap_content"
"wrap_content"
"@+id/editText1"
"@+id/editText1"

"@+id/radio0"
"wrap_content"
"wrap_content"
"true"
"@string/celsius"

"@+id/radio1"
"wrap_content"
"wrap_content"
"@string/fahrenheit"

"@+id/button1"
"wrap_content"
"wrap_content"
"@+id/radioGroup1"
"@+id/radioGroup1"
"22dp"
"@string/calc"
"onClick"

13.5. Create utiliy class

JAVA

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ConverterUtil

// converts to fahrenheit
QUICK
LINKS
return 9 5 32

13.6. Change the activity code

JAVA

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import android.app.Activity

import android.view.View

import android.widget.Toast

MainActivity
QUICK
LINKS
@Override

super

// this method is called at button click because we assigned

the name to the
// "OnClick" property of the button

switch
case

if 0
this "Please enter a valid number"

return

if

false
true
else

false
true

break

13.7. Start the application

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14. Deployment
14.1. How to deploy

14.2. Defining software and hardware requirements

for the application

14.3. Signing your application for the release

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14.5. Export your application via the Eclipse IDE QUICK

LINKS

14.6. Via external sources

14.7. Google Play (Market)

15. About this website

Support free content Questions and Tutorial & code Get source code
discussion license

16. Android online resources

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16.2. Android learning resources

16.3. Android tools

16.4. vogella GmbH training and consulting support

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