Malaysian Studies

Name: Adrianna Ashley Then Yi En

ID Number: 0238NEANEA0615

Lecturer: Mr Selva
Table of Contents
Question 1................................................................................ 3
Question 2................................................................................ 5
Question 3................................................................................ 7
Question 4................................................................................ 9
Bibliography...........................................................................11
Question 1
1. Explain about the foreign invasions that had taken place from the 16 th century

until Malaya obtained its independent?

Malaysian history began during the Malacca Reign, namely around the year 1400 ad.

During that reign, this Sultanate Territories comprise the bulk of the peninsula and the East

coast of Sumatra. Malacca emerge as a glorious Government because its strategic location

which is the meeting point between the East Asia to the Middle East. This situation allows

Malacca arise as a main hub for the spice trade, especially in Southeast Asia due to its

strategic location. Islam became the major religion that spread and became the main residents

of Melaka as the King was also an Islam. (Reid, 15501650)

In 1511, Malacca fell to the hands of the Portuguese. Then, Malaya fell to the hands of the

Dutch in 1641 finally did fall into the hands of the British in 1824 through Anglo-Dutch.

(Witt, 2007) The British invasion is the longest invasion taken place in Malaya. The British

were to interfere with all the administration of Malaya which was previously managed by the

Malay rulers with the help of State leaders at that time. This British invasion has caused

dissatisfaction among the local population because they were losing control of their power.

Some local citizens took this problem and brought up against the foreign invaders, but

because of their characteristics of individually, it was opposed by the British invaders.

Among the heroes up against British invaders is Dol Said, Tok Janggut, Datuk Bahaman,

Rentap, Datuk Maharajalela, Rosli Dobi and some other leaders. (Andaya, 2015)

During the 1920s and 1930s, many residents of Malaya began to get education, either

from the Middle East or local education. As a result, the educated youth appear began

showing the spirit of nationalism and started working for the government. They use media

such as newspapers and magazines to spread the ideology. Among them have formed
associations such as the Kesatuan Melayu Muda (KMM) and Singapore Malay Union (KMS)

aimed to driving away the invaders and formed their own Government. When the people of

Malaya were so eager to end the invasion, they were shocked by the Japanese invasion at the

end of 1941 which signals the start of another invasion in Malaya. Japan had occupied

Malaya until the year 1945 before surrendered by the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

Japanese leaving Malaya has given space to the Malayan Communist Party (CPM) to take

over Malaya. PKM has been violent with murder and destroying public property without

consent causing British to pull out of the invasion (1948-1960). The violence of PKM was an

unsuccessful conquest of Malaya and the British returned to power democratically. The

British returned after the Japanese occupation, they try to introduce the Malayan Union. This

introduction has gained resistance and comprehensive than the local population. On 11 May

1946, the establishment of the UMNO had hyped up again the resistance and Malaya has

obtained its independence.

In conclusion, Malaysia has gone through many foreign invasions to get to where

Malaysia is today. Without the heroes who fought for Malaysia, Malaysia will not be a

wonderful and peaceful country with their own cultures and races.
Question 2
2. Write about the importance of political awareness among the public in a country.

The importance of political awareness is to monitor the happenings in the country. The

citizens will be able to judge on what is wrong or right in order to have better judgment of the

situation. This will allow Malaysians to have a better direction of the nation. Corruption can

be easily found in everywhere; the government should take precautions on how to avoid the

situation from getting out of hand.

Firstly, the importance of having political awareness among the school levels is extremely

significant. This is due to the fact that the children will be the future leaders of the country.

Students must be thought and trained to be future leaders of the country that would abide by

their ethical teachings of moral. Good leaders will guide the country with pride and full

responsibility to ensure the safeguards of the country. Besides that, a good leader will have a

clear vision on building the country for a greater nation towards. (Hutchinson, 2007)

Secondly, the importance of political awareness among the public in a country will help

keep the democracy alive. If all citizens are keep silenced, they will agree with everything

that is going on around them. This will cause oppression of power and human rights violation

amongst the country and the people. The Government must know that the citizens are

dissatisfied. This can be done by a peaceful democracy.

Thirdly, citizens would want to know how the countrys resources are being spend. In

order to avoid mismanagement funds, the government should discontinue the projects that

does not benefit the government. Moreover, political awareness of the country should assure

that they are creating jobs from the resources spent. Furthermore, this will ensure that the

leaders of the country are not blindly following false information. (Smaldino, 2013)
 Besides that, the media should ensure they publishes that correct information to ensure a

fair political awareness. The government should practice a transparent government because it

will cause more corruption if the government does not display the truth all the information to

the public. For example, election commissions should be done fair and square. The separation

of powers is practiced. The economy of Malaysia will increase when there is transparency in

terms of judicial, business and especially the government affairs. The government affairs can

be categorized into domestic and international.

Finally, individuals with political awareness of the country will be able to choose a wise

leader to lead the country. The leader chosen must be with integrity and ethical to its work for

the people in the country. The leader must be able to perform under stress and adhere to the

manifesto. A great leader will be able to be ready to be replaced when things do not go well

for the country in the next general elections. (Charted Management Institute, 2007)
Question 3
3. Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Tun Razak introduced the One Malaysia slogan.

Explain the importance of the slogan from a multi-racial perspective.

The Malaysian Prime Minister has introduced the 1 Malaysia term in April 2009.

Malaysian individuals of different races and religions need to consider themselves a

country of Malaysia are thinking and acting to accomplish an objective. In accordance

with this, the solidarity that exist between races in this nation ought to be fortified to

make a progressed, secure and prosperous country. (1Malaysia, 2016)

The 1 Malaysia idea was presented by Dato Sri Mohd Najib Tun Abdul Razak, the

Prime Minister of Malaysia, is a stage that agreed with the state of mind and feel of the

general population. This idea is in accordance with what the Perlembagaan Persekutuan

and Rukun Negara.

One Malaysia conveyed the desires to enhance race relations to guarantee that the

general population of Malaysia to be united as One. The fundamental thing that should be

made in the spirit of One Malaysia is to create a bond that is filled with respect among

each other, and honesty between each other. 'One Malaysia' will likewise build up an

administration that put individuals' needs fixated on execution as Prime Minister of the

motto of 'Rakyat didahulukan, Pencapaian diutamakan'.

One Malaysia" require authority and individuals of high trustworthiness. The way of

legitimate, skilled, to talk reality, straightforwardness, trustworthiness and trust are

essential to execute the obligation to the country.

"One Malaysia" requires a good leader to guide this program with integrity and

responsibility. Outstanding and dedicated leaders ought to have a high capacity to plan,

delegate, examine progress and ability to work under pressure in giving the best support

of the rakyat. The nation needs individuals who are devoted and resolved to carry out
the obligations and duties with pride, assurance and responsibility to the interests and

headway.

Malaysia likewise requires leaders who are pleasant individuals and willing to

relinquish time, vitality and money related and individual premiums aside for the country.

Leaders who work with commitment and solemnity will get the support and regard from

all cultures.

All individuals need to offer need to the interests of national fidelity and

dependability to the general population and explain their own gathering. This nation is a

nation for all nationals, paying little heed to race, religion, culture and legislative issues.

All individuals ought to expect that they are a country of Malaysia in which everything

ought to be appreciated in like manner. Malaysia is a nation where there are no

individuals or individuals who might appreciate being underestimated from the

improvement and safeguard of the legislature.

Malaysia is a stimulus for the formation of country states to create Malaysia as a

nation that has the disposition of equity and harmony among the general population. The

capacity to fabricate our country relies on upon the common estimations of

trustworthiness, capacity, devotion and reliability.

Citizens and leaders of the country should practice and understand the values of One

Malaysia, the way of life of perfection, bravery, lowliness, acknowledgment, dedication,

meritocracy, instruction and respectability.

In conclusion, we can conclude that the concept of 1 Malaysia is to bring good to the

nation of citizens in Malaysia. It will unite all Malay, Chinese and Indian races as one

together. United we stand, divided we fall.

Question 4
4. Write about the role Malaysia has played in foreign affairs (UN, ASEAN & OIC).

Malaysia has been playing a very important role in the foreign affairs. Since its origin into

the United Nations, Malaysia has assumed a dynamic part in the association by standing up

its important concerns and essential issues. In 1965 and 1989, Malaysia has been chosen to be

an individual from the Security Council. This race exhibited the nation's remaining on the

planet and the regard and trust it received from different nations. (Barlow, 2001)

On the issues in regards to human rights, Malaysia has the confidence in being vocal and

has communicated its worry more than a few matters. Amongst them was the joint endeavors

with Ireland in reprimanding the Chinese Communist government, which has prohibited the

rights from claiming the Tibetans. Another specimen is Malaysia's battle for the social

liberties of the Palestinians, who are in consistent debate with the Israeli administration. As a

major aspect of its commitment to the Palestinians, Malaysia has sorted out the International

Conference for Palestine, observed by the United Nation. The association channels cash and

sustenance the Palestinians.

The principal move was made in the year 1965 when Malaysia started a financial ban on

South Africa. It was through this exertion that the United Nation finished the endeavors to

guarantee that the South African government to get rid of the Apartheid for the last time. As

an aftereffect of every one of these endeavors, the Apartheid was at last canceled in the year

1991 and another popularity based government framed in South Africa.

In the region of medication manhandle, Malaysia assumes an essential part in a forceful

battle against this threatening issue in the public eye. Thus, Malaysia's Prime Minister Dato

Seri' Dr. Mahathir Mohamad was chosen administrator of the universal medication meeting

that was taken in Australia in the year 1987.

 Besides that, the Antarctic was administrated by a few of the nations, which were

included in the 1959 Antarctica Treaty. Knowing exceptionally well that the Antarctic was

rich with minerals like iron, coal, cobalt, uranium, and nickel, Malaysia felt that specific

gatherings ought not corner them. Besides, the Antarctic likewise significantly affects the

world's world temperature and environmental framework, and all things considered, all

nations on the planet ought to profit by it in somehow.

Malaysia likewise united with the UN in supporting peace in numerous nations. It started

in the year 1960, when Malaysia sent troops to Congo and much later to Iraq, Mozambique

and Somalia.

In Bosnia-Herzegovina, the Malaysia Battalion (MALBAT) serves under the United

Nation assurance compel. Malaysia additionally takes an interest in giving its perspectives on

issue like the Bosnian Emergency Gulf War and atomic weapon tests.

In conclusion, Malaysia has played a significant role in the foreign affairs to allow our

country to live in peace and harmony. It can be seen a positive result with the current

economic situation that is happening in the present.

Bibliography
Reid, A., 15501650. Islamization and Christianization in Southeast Asia: the Critical
Phase. NY: Cornell University Press.

Andaya, B. W., 2015. A History of Early Modern Southeast Asia. s.l.:Cambridge University
Press.

Witt, D. D., 2007. History of the Dutch in Malaysia. Malaysia: Nutmeg Publishing.

Hutchinson, A., 2007. The Five Levels of Political Awareness, s.l.: s.n.

Smaldino, C., 2013. The Huffington. [Online]

Available at: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/news/political-awareness/
[Accessed 5 December 2016].

Charted Management Institute, 2007. Charted Management Institute. [Online]

Available at: http://tafpi.com/static/files/lwpa_executive_summary.pdf
[Accessed 7 December 2016].

1Malaysia, 2016. 1Malaysia. [Online]

Available at: http://1malaysia.com.my
[Accessed 2 December 2016].

Barlow, C., 2001. Modern Malaysia in the Global Economy: Political and Social Change
Into the 21st Century. s.l.:Edward Elgar Publishing.