Simply Supported: 1st Frequency of Vibration

Healthy Frequency (1st mode)

Frequency Error
Theoretical Formula (Hz) 50.778 -
STAAD (Hz) 50.749 0.057%
MathCAD (Hz) 50.778 0.000%

10% (area reduction)

STAAD 1st Frequency MathCAD 1st Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 50.423 49.836 49.299 0.25 50.452 50.149 49.863 49.589 49.325 0.25 -0.057% -0.055% -0.053%
0.30 0.30 50.355 49.977 49.640 49.340 49.076 0.30
0.35 0.35 50.269 49.825 49.444 49.123 48.859 0.35
0.40 0.40 50.201 49.705 49.290 48.954 48.691 0.40
0.45 0.45 50.157 49.629 49.193 48.847 48.586 0.45
0.50 50.113 49.130 48.519 0.50 50.143 49.603 49.160 48.811 48.549 0.50 -0.059% -0.061% -0.063%
0.55 0.55 50.157 49.629 49.193 48.847 48.586 0.55
0.60 0.60 50.201 49.705 49.290 48.954 48.691 0.60
0.65 0.65 50.269 49.825 49.444 49.123 48.859 0.65
0.70 0.70 50.355 49.977 49.640 49.340 49.076 0.70
0.75 50.423 49.836 49.299 0.75 50.452 50.149 49.863 49.589 49.325 0.75 -0.057% -0.055% -0.053%

20% (area reduction)

STAAD 1st Frequency MathCAD 1st Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 49.908 48.548 47.425 0.25 49.937 49.217 48.575 47.989 47.450 0.25 -0.058% -0.056% -0.053%
0.30 0.30 49.696 48.816 48.087 47.477 46.963 0.30
0.35 0.35 49.483 48.468 47.669 47.042 46.554 0.35
0.40 0.40 49.317 48.200 47.350 46.713 46.247 0.40
0.45 0.45 49.212 48.031 47.150 46.508 46.057 0.45
0.50 49.145 47.049 45.959 0.50 49.176 47.974 47.083 46.439 45.993 0.50 -0.063% -0.072% -0.074%
0.55 0.55 49.212 48.031 47.150 46.508 46.057 0.55
0.60 0.60 49.317 48.200 47.350 46.713 46.247 0.60
0.65 0.65 49.483 48.468 47.669 47.042 46.554 0.65
0.70 0.70 49.696 48.816 48.087 47.477 46.963 0.70
0.75 49.908 48.548 47.425 0.75 49.937 49.217 48.575 47.989 47.450 0.75 -0.058% -0.056% -0.053%

30% (area reduction)

STAAD 1st Frequency MathCAD 1st Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 49.109 46.756 45.031 0.25 49.138 47.852 46.785 45.863 45.055 0.25 -0.059% -0.062% -0.054%
0.30 0.30 48.688 47.159 45.998 45.087 44.360 0.30
0.35 0.35 48.297 46.572 45.343 44.452 43.800 0.35
0.40 0.40 47.996 46.129 44.855 43.983 43.393 0.40
0.45 0.45 47.808 45.855 44.554 43.696 43.146 0.45
0.50 47.710 44.415 43.025 0.50 47.743 45.762 44.453 43.599 43.063 0.50 -0.070% -0.085% -0.088%
0.55 0.55 47.808 45.855 44.554 43.696 43.146 0.55
0.60 0.60 47.996 46.129 44.855 43.983 43.393 0.60
0.65 0.65 48.297 46.572 45.343 44.452 43.800 0.65
0.70 0.70 48.688 47.159 45.998 45.087 44.360 0.70
0.75 49.109 46.756 45.031 0.75 49.138 47.852 46.785 45.863 45.055 0.75 -0.059% -0.062% -0.054%

40% (area reduction)

STAAD 1st Frequency MathCAD 1st Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Length of Damage Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 47.864 44.288 41.997 0.25 47.895 45.865 44.319 43.064 42.022 0.25 -0.064% -0.069% -0.061%
0.30 0.30 47.150 44.818 43.217 42.052 41.173 0.30
0.35 0.35 46.519 43.959 42.330 41.252 40.521 0.35
0.40 0.40 46.043 43.326 41.686 40.678 40.063 0.40
0.45 0.45 45.747 42.940 41.295 40.332 39.791 0.45
0.50 45.612 41.121 39.657 0.50 45.648 42.810 41.165 40.217 39.701 0.50 -0.078% -0.106% -0.111%
0.55 0.55 45.747 42.940 41.295 40.332 39.791 0.55
0.60 0.60 46.043 43.326 41.686 40.678 40.063 0.60
0.65 0.65 46.519 43.959 42.330 41.252 40.521 0.65
0.70 0.70 47.150 44.818 43.217 42.052 41.173 0.70
0.75 47.864 44.288 41.997 0.75 47.895 45.865 44.319 43.064 42.022 0.75 -0.064% -0.069% -0.061%

50% (area reduction)

STAAD 1st Frequency 1st Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Length of Damage Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 45.899 40.910 38.184 0.25 45.9333 42.9775 40.9450 39.4113 38.2099 0.25 -0.075% -0.086% -0.068%
0.30 0.30 44.7921 41.5381 39.5523 38.2262 37.2890 0.30
0.35 0.35 43.8554 40.4006 38.4720 37.3262 36.6207 0.35
0.40 0.40 43.1665 39.5855 37.7061 36.6965 36.1711 0.40
0.45 0.45 42.7470 39.0973 37.2499 36.3240 35.9128 0.45
0.50 42.566 37.049 35.777 0.50 42.6063 38.9348 37.0984 36.2008 35.8285 0.50 -0.095% -0.133% -0.144%
0.55 0.55 42.747 39.097 37.250 36.324 35.913 0.55
0.60 0.60 43.166 39.585 37.706 36.696 36.171 0.60
0.65 0.65 43.855 40.401 38.472 37.326 36.621 0.65
0.70 0.70 44.792 41.538 39.552 38.226 37.289 0.70
0.75 45.899 40.910 38.184 0.75 45.933 42.978 40.945 39.411 38.210 0.75 -0.075% -0.086% -0.068%
Simply Supported: 1st Frequency of Vibration
Healthy Frequency (1st mode)
Frequency Error
Theoretical Formula (Hz) 50.778 -
STAAD (Hz) 50.749 0.057%
MathCAD (Hz) 50.778 0.000%

10% (area reduction)

STAAD 1st Frequency MathCAD 1st Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 0.994 0.982 0.971 0.25 0.994 0.988 0.982 0.977 0.971 0.25 0.000% 0.002% 0.004%
0.30 0.30 0.992 0.984 0.978 0.972 0.966 0.30
0.35 0.35 0.990 0.981 0.974 0.967 0.962 0.35
0.40 0.40 0.989 0.979 0.971 0.964 0.959 0.40
0.45 0.45 0.988 0.977 0.969 0.962 0.957 0.45
0.50 0.987 0.968 0.956 0.50 0.987 0.977 0.968 0.961 0.956 0.50 -0.002% -0.004% -0.006%
0.55 0.55 0.988 0.977 0.969 0.962 0.957 0.55
0.60 0.60 0.989 0.979 0.971 0.964 0.959 0.60
0.65 0.65 0.990 0.981 0.974 0.967 0.962 0.65
0.70 0.70 0.992 0.984 0.978 0.972 0.966 0.70
0.75 0.994 0.982 0.971 0.75 0.994 0.988 0.982 0.977 0.971 0.75 0.000% 0.002% 0.004%

20% (area reduction)

STAAD 1st Frequency MathCAD 1st Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 0.983 0.957 0.935 0.25 0.983 0.969 0.957 0.945 0.934 0.25 -0.001% 0.001% 0.004%
0.30 0.30 0.979 0.961 0.947 0.935 0.925 0.30
0.35 0.35 0.975 0.955 0.939 0.926 0.917 0.35
0.40 0.40 0.971 0.949 0.932 0.920 0.911 0.40
0.45 0.45 0.969 0.946 0.929 0.916 0.907 0.45
0.50 0.968 0.927 0.906 0.50 0.968 0.945 0.927 0.915 0.906 0.50 -0.006% -0.015% -0.017%
0.55 0.55 0.969 0.946 0.929 0.916 0.907 0.55
0.60 0.60 0.971 0.949 0.932 0.920 0.911 0.60
0.65 0.65 0.975 0.955 0.939 0.926 0.917 0.65
0.70 0.70 0.979 0.961 0.947 0.935 0.925 0.70
0.75 0.983 0.957 0.935 0.75 0.983 0.969 0.957 0.945 0.934 0.75 -0.001% 0.001% 0.004%

30% (area reduction)

STAAD 1st Frequency MathCAD 1st Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 0.968 0.921 0.887 0.25 0.968 0.942 0.921 0.903 0.887 0.25 -0.002% -0.005% 0.003%
0.30 0.30 0.959 0.929 0.906 0.888 0.874 0.30
0.35 0.35 0.951 0.917 0.893 0.875 0.863 0.35
0.40 0.40 0.945 0.908 0.883 0.866 0.855 0.40
0.45 0.45 0.942 0.903 0.877 0.861 0.850 0.45
0.50 0.940 0.875 0.848 0.50 0.940 0.901 0.875 0.859 0.848 0.50 -0.013% -0.028% -0.031%
0.55 0.55 0.942 0.903 0.877 0.861 0.850 0.55
0.60 0.60 0.945 0.908 0.883 0.866 0.855 0.60
0.65 0.65 0.951 0.917 0.893 0.875 0.863 0.65
0.70 0.70 0.959 0.929 0.906 0.888 0.874 0.70
0.75 0.968 0.921 0.887 0.75 0.968 0.942 0.921 0.903 0.887 0.75 -0.002% -0.005% 0.003%

40% (area reduction)

STAAD 1st Frequency MathCAD 1st Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Length of Damage Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 0.943 0.873 0.828 0.25 0.943 0.903 0.873 0.848 0.828 0.25 -0.007% -0.012% -0.004%
0.30 0.30 0.929 0.883 0.851 0.828 0.811 0.30
0.35 0.35 0.916 0.866 0.834 0.812 0.798 0.35
0.40 0.40 0.907 0.853 0.821 0.801 0.789 0.40
0.45 0.45 0.901 0.846 0.813 0.794 0.784 0.45
0.50 0.899 0.810 0.781 0.50 0.899 0.843 0.811 0.792 0.782 0.50 -0.021% -0.049% -0.054%
0.55 0.55 0.901 0.846 0.813 0.794 0.784 0.55
0.60 0.60 0.907 0.853 0.821 0.801 0.789 0.60
0.65 0.65 0.916 0.866 0.834 0.812 0.798 0.65
0.70 0.70 0.929 0.883 0.851 0.828 0.811 0.70
0.75 0.943 0.873 0.828 0.75 0.943 0.903 0.873 0.848 0.828 0.75 -0.007% -0.012% -0.004%

50% (area reduction)

STAAD 1st Frequency 1st Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Length of Damage Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 0.904 0.806 0.752 0.25 0.905 0.846 0.806 0.776 0.752 0.25 -0.018% -0.029% -0.011%
0.30 0.30 0.882 0.818 0.779 0.753 0.734 0.30
0.35 0.35 0.864 0.796 0.758 0.735 0.721 0.35
0.40 0.40 0.850 0.780 0.743 0.723 0.712 0.40
0.45 0.45 0.842 0.770 0.734 0.715 0.707 0.45
0.50 0.839 0.730 0.705 0.50 0.839 0.767 0.731 0.713 0.706 0.50 -0.038% -0.076% -0.087%
0.55 0.55 0.842 0.770 0.734 0.715 0.707 0.55
0.60 0.60 0.850 0.780 0.743 0.723 0.712 0.60
0.65 0.65 0.864 0.796 0.758 0.735 0.721 0.65
0.70 0.70 0.882 0.818 0.779 0.753 0.734 0.70
0.75 0.904 0.806 0.752 0.75 0.905 0.846 0.806 0.776 0.752 0.75 -0.018% -0.029% -0.011%
Simply Supported: 2nd Frequency of Vibration
Healthy Frequency (2nd mode)
Frequency Error
Theoretical Formula (Hz) 203.112 -
STAAD (Hz) 202.651 0.227%
MathCAD (Hz) 203.113 0.001%

10% (area reduction)

STAAD 2nd Frequency MathCAD 2nd Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 200.285 197.885 197.633 0.25 200.760 199.189 198.358 198.084 198.062 0.25 -0.237% -0.239% -0.217%
0.30 0.30 200.989 199.543 198.693 198.262 197.991 0.30
0.35 0.35 201.553 200.363 199.419 198.603 197.809 0.35
0.40 0.40 202.246 201.358 200.278 198.984 197.573 0.40
0.45 0.45 202.810 202.163 200.965 199.278 197.378 0.45
0.50 202.586 200.810 196.871 0.50 203.026 202.473 201.226 199.388 197.302 0.50 -0.217% -0.207% -0.219%
0.55 0.55 202.810 202.163 200.965 199.278 197.378 0.55
0.60 0.60 202.246 201.358 200.278 198.984 197.573 0.60
0.65 0.65 201.553 200.363 199.419 198.603 197.809 0.65
0.70 0.70 200.989 199.543 198.693 198.262 197.991 0.70
0.75 200.285 197.885 197.633 0.75 200.760 199.189 198.358 198.084 198.062 0.75 -0.237% -0.239% -0.217%

20% (area reduction)

STAAD 2nd Frequency MathCAD 2nd Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 196.982 192.809 192.674 0.25 197.478 194.513 193.307 193.078 193.073 0.25 -0.252% -0.258% -0.207%
0.30 0.30 198.064 195.361 194.042 193.369 192.706 0.30
0.35 0.35 199.401 197.095 195.352 193.694 191.893 0.35
0.40 0.40 201.031 199.147 196.812 193.955 190.898 0.40
0.45 0.45 202.365 200.806 197.946 194.115 190.103 0.45
0.50 202.460 197.999 189.392 0.50 202.880 201.444 198.373 194.169 189.802 0.50 -0.208% -0.189% -0.217%
0.55 0.55 202.365 200.806 197.946 194.115 190.103 0.55
0.60 0.60 201.031 199.147 196.812 193.955 190.898 0.60
0.65 0.65 199.401 197.095 195.352 193.694 191.893 0.65
0.70 0.70 198.064 195.361 194.042 193.369 192.706 0.70
0.75 196.982 192.809 192.674 0.75 197.478 194.513 193.307 193.078 193.073 0.75 -0.252% -0.258% -0.207%

30% (area reduction)

STAAD 2nd Frequency MathCAD 2nd Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 192.470 187.521 187.755 0.25 193.000 189.051 188.061 188.192 188.126 0.25 -0.275% -0.288% -0.198%
0.30 0.30 194.130 190.557 189.204 188.391 187.066 0.30
0.35 0.35 196.500 193.265 190.825 188.149 185.018 0.35
0.40 0.40 199.361 196.366 192.460 187.625 182.674 0.40
0.45 0.45 201.721 198.853 193.664 187.141 180.884 0.45
0.50 202.239 193.769 179.822 0.50 202.641 199.809 194.106 186.949 180.223 0.50 -0.199% -0.174% -0.223%
0.55 0.55 201.721 198.853 193.664 187.141 180.884 0.55
0.60 0.60 199.361 196.366 192.460 187.625 182.674 0.60
0.65 0.65 196.500 193.265 190.825 188.149 185.018 0.65
0.70 0.70 194.130 190.557 189.204 188.391 187.066 0.70
0.75 192.470 187.521 187.755 0.75 193.000 189.051 188.061 188.192 188.126 0.75 -0.275% -0.288% -0.198%

40% (area reduction)

STAAD 2nd Frequency MathCAD 2nd Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Length of Damage Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 186.437 182.169 182.757 0.25 187.020 182.839 182.775 183.518 183.102 0.25 -0.313% -0.332% -0.189%
0.30 0.30 188.969 185.165 184.188 183.160 180.691 0.30
0.35 0.35 192.683 188.823 185.607 181.496 176.636 0.35
0.40 0.40 197.107 192.827 186.748 179.346 172.335 0.40
0.45 0.45 200.789 195.977 187.472 177.664 169.213 0.45
0.50 201.855 187.410 167.686 0.50 202.242 197.181 187.718 177.043 168.091 0.50 -0.192% -0.164% -0.241%
0.55 0.55 200.789 195.977 187.472 177.664 169.213 0.55
0.60 0.60 197.107 192.827 186.748 179.346 172.335 0.60
0.65 0.65 192.683 188.823 185.607 181.496 176.636 0.65
0.70 0.70 188.969 185.165 184.188 183.160 180.691 0.70
0.75 186.437 182.169 182.757 0.75 187.020 182.839 182.775 183.518 183.102 0.75 -0.313% -0.332% -0.189%

50% (area reduction)

STAAD 2nd Frequency 2nd Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Length of Damage Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 178.600 176.938 177.321 0.25 179.254 176.025 177.644 179.081 177.636 0.25 -0.366% -0.399% -0.178%
0.30 0.30 182.407 179.259 178.859 177.200 172.862 0.30
0.35 0.35 187.805 183.650 179.112 172.816 165.902 0.35
0.40 0.40 194.119 188.143 178.741 168.078 159.123 0.40
0.45 0.45 199.424 191.543 178.275 164.726 154.468 0.45
0.50 201.168 177.788 152.419 0.50 201.545 192.816 178.080 163.544 152.840 0.50 -0.187% -0.164% -0.276%
0.55 0.55 199.424 191.543 178.275 164.726 154.468 0.55
0.60 0.60 194.119 188.143 178.741 168.078 159.123 0.60
0.65 0.65 187.805 183.650 179.112 172.816 165.902 0.65
0.70 0.70 182.407 179.259 178.859 177.200 172.862 0.70
0.75 178.600 176.938 177.321 0.75 179.254 176.025 177.644 179.081 177.636 0.75 -0.366% -0.399% -0.178%
Simply Supported: 2nd Frequency of Vibration
Healthy Frequency (2nd mode)
Frequency Error
Theoretical Formula (Hz) 203.112 -
STAAD (Hz) 202.651 0.227%
MathCAD (Hz) 203.113 0.001%

10% (area reduction)

STAAD 2nd Frequency MathCAD 2nd Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 0.988 0.976 0.975 0.25 0.988 0.981 0.977 0.975 0.975 0.25 -0.009% -0.011% 0.011%
0.30 0.30 0.990 0.982 0.978 0.976 0.975 0.30
0.35 0.35 0.992 0.986 0.982 0.978 0.974 0.35
0.40 0.40 0.996 0.991 0.986 0.980 0.973 0.40
0.45 0.45 0.999 0.995 0.989 0.981 0.972 0.45
0.50 1.000 0.991 0.971 0.50 1.000 0.997 0.991 0.982 0.971 0.50 0.011% 0.021% 0.009%
0.55 0.55 0.999 0.995 0.989 0.981 0.972 0.55
0.60 0.60 0.996 0.991 0.986 0.980 0.973 0.60
0.65 0.65 0.992 0.986 0.982 0.978 0.974 0.65
0.70 0.70 0.990 0.982 0.978 0.976 0.975 0.70
0.75 0.988 0.976 0.975 0.75 0.988 0.981 0.977 0.975 0.975 0.75 -0.009% -0.011% 0.011%

20% (area reduction)

STAAD 2nd Frequency MathCAD 2nd Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 0.972 0.951 0.951 0.25 0.972 0.958 0.952 0.951 0.951 0.25 -0.024% -0.030% 0.021%
0.30 0.30 0.975 0.962 0.955 0.952 0.949 0.30
0.35 0.35 0.982 0.970 0.962 0.954 0.945 0.35
0.40 0.40 0.990 0.980 0.969 0.955 0.940 0.40
0.45 0.45 0.996 0.989 0.975 0.956 0.936 0.45
0.50 0.999 0.977 0.935 0.50 0.999 0.992 0.977 0.956 0.934 0.50 0.020% 0.039% 0.011%
0.55 0.55 0.996 0.989 0.975 0.956 0.936 0.55
0.60 0.60 0.990 0.980 0.969 0.955 0.940 0.60
0.65 0.65 0.982 0.970 0.962 0.954 0.945 0.65
0.70 0.70 0.975 0.962 0.955 0.952 0.949 0.70
0.75 0.972 0.951 0.951 0.75 0.972 0.958 0.952 0.951 0.951 0.75 -0.024% -0.030% 0.021%

30% (area reduction)

STAAD 2nd Frequency MathCAD 2nd Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 0.950 0.925 0.926 0.25 0.950 0.931 0.926 0.927 0.926 0.25 -0.047% -0.060% 0.030%
0.30 0.30 0.956 0.938 0.932 0.928 0.921 0.30
0.35 0.35 0.967 0.952 0.940 0.926 0.911 0.35
0.40 0.40 0.982 0.967 0.948 0.924 0.899 0.40
0.45 0.45 0.993 0.979 0.953 0.921 0.891 0.45
0.50 0.998 0.956 0.887 0.50 0.998 0.984 0.956 0.920 0.887 0.50 0.029% 0.054% 0.005%
0.55 0.55 0.993 0.979 0.953 0.921 0.891 0.55
0.60 0.60 0.982 0.967 0.948 0.924 0.899 0.60
0.65 0.65 0.967 0.952 0.940 0.926 0.911 0.65
0.70 0.70 0.956 0.938 0.932 0.928 0.921 0.70
0.75 0.950 0.925 0.926 0.75 0.950 0.931 0.926 0.927 0.926 0.75 -0.047% -0.060% 0.030%

40% (area reduction)

STAAD 2nd Frequency MathCAD 2nd Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Length of Damage Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 0.920 0.899 0.902 0.25 0.921 0.900 0.900 0.904 0.901 0.25 -0.084% -0.104% 0.039%
0.30 0.30 0.930 0.912 0.907 0.902 0.890 0.30
0.35 0.35 0.949 0.930 0.914 0.894 0.870 0.35
0.40 0.40 0.970 0.949 0.919 0.883 0.848 0.40
0.45 0.45 0.989 0.965 0.923 0.875 0.833 0.45
0.50 0.996 0.925 0.827 0.50 0.996 0.971 0.924 0.872 0.828 0.50 0.036% 0.064% -0.013%
0.55 0.55 0.989 0.965 0.923 0.875 0.833 0.55
0.60 0.60 0.970 0.949 0.919 0.883 0.848 0.60
0.65 0.65 0.949 0.930 0.914 0.894 0.870 0.65
0.70 0.70 0.930 0.912 0.907 0.902 0.890 0.70
0.75 0.920 0.899 0.902 0.75 0.921 0.900 0.900 0.904 0.901 0.75 -0.084% -0.104% 0.039%

50% (area reduction)

STAAD 2nd Frequency 2nd Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Length of Damage Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 0.881 0.873 0.875 0.25 0.883 0.867 0.875 0.882 0.875 0.25 -0.138% -0.171% 0.050%
0.30 0.30 0.898 0.883 0.881 0.872 0.851 0.30
0.35 0.35 0.925 0.904 0.882 0.851 0.817 0.35
0.40 0.40 0.956 0.926 0.880 0.828 0.783 0.40
0.45 0.45 0.982 0.943 0.878 0.811 0.761 0.45
0.50 0.993 0.877 0.752 0.50 0.992 0.949 0.877 0.805 0.752 0.50 0.041% 0.063% -0.048%
0.55 0.55 0.982 0.943 0.878 0.811 0.761 0.55
0.60 0.60 0.956 0.926 0.880 0.828 0.783 0.60
0.65 0.65 0.925 0.904 0.882 0.851 0.817 0.65
0.70 0.70 0.898 0.883 0.881 0.872 0.851 0.70
0.75 0.881 0.873 0.875 0.75 0.883 0.867 0.875 0.882 0.875 0.75 -0.138% -0.171% 0.050%
Simply Supported: 3rd Frequency of Vibration
Healthy Frequency (3rd mode)
Frequency Error
Theoretical Formula (Hz) 457.001 -
STAAD (Hz) 454.644 0.516%
MathCAD (Hz) 457.017 0.003%

10% (area reduction)

STAAD 3rd Frequency MathCAD 3rd Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 452.063 447.400 442.409 0.25 454.411 452.131 449.678 447.076 444.613 0.25 -0.519% -0.509% -0.498%
0.30 0.30 456.173 453.792 449.783 445.605 442.798 0.30
0.35 0.35 456.481 454.068 449.811 445.464 442.690 0.35
0.40 0.40 455.058 452.731 449.789 446.809 444.355 0.40
0.45 0.45 453.089 450.883 449.753 448.630 446.525 0.45
0.50 449.768 447.425 445.398 0.50 452.194 450.038 449.736 449.472 447.510 0.50 -0.539% -0.516% -0.474%
0.55 0.55 453.089 450.883 449.753 448.630 446.525 0.55
0.60 0.60 455.058 452.731 449.789 446.809 444.355 0.60
0.65 0.65 456.481 454.068 449.811 445.464 442.690 0.65
0.70 0.70 456.173 453.792 449.783 445.605 442.798 0.70
0.75 452.063 447.400 442.409 0.75 454.411 452.131 449.678 447.076 444.613 0.75 -0.519% -0.509% -0.498%

20% (area reduction)

STAAD 3rd Frequency MathCAD 3rd Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 448.743 438.805 427.945 0.25 451.088 446.498 441.020 435.109 429.999 0.25 -0.523% -0.505% -0.480%
0.30 0.30 454.967 449.229 440.098 431.644 426.887 0.30
0.35 0.35 455.641 449.643 440.069 431.650 427.225 0.35
0.40 0.40 452.436 447.437 441.150 435.268 430.669 0.40
0.45 0.45 448.054 444.406 442.612 440.007 434.780 0.45
0.50 443.560 441.005 434.734 0.50 446.083 443.022 443.295 442.207 436.596 0.50 -0.569% -0.519% -0.428%
0.55 0.55 448.054 444.406 442.612 440.007 434.780 0.55
0.60 0.60 452.436 447.437 441.150 435.268 430.669 0.60
0.65 0.65 455.641 449.643 440.069 431.650 427.225 0.65
0.70 0.70 454.967 449.229 440.098 431.644 426.887 0.70
0.75 448.743 438.805 427.945 0.75 451.088 446.498 441.020 435.109 429.999 0.75 -0.523% -0.505% -0.480%

30% (area reduction)

STAAD 3rd Frequency MathCAD 3rd Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 444.563 428.029 410.877 0.25 446.936 439.794 430.227 420.322 412.810 0.25 -0.534% -0.514% -0.470%
0.30 0.30 453.247 442.650 427.015 414.655 409.326 0.30
0.35 0.35 454.325 443.026 427.073 415.424 410.751 0.35
0.40 0.40 448.964 440.794 430.737 422.336 415.817 0.40
0.45 0.45 441.724 437.730 435.676 430.993 421.184 0.45
0.50 435.823 435.711 421.815 0.50 438.505 436.320 438.030 435.002 423.438 0.50 -0.615% -0.532% -0.385%
0.55 0.55 441.724 437.730 435.676 430.993 421.184 0.55
0.60 0.60 448.964 440.794 430.737 422.336 415.817 0.60
0.65 0.65 454.325 443.026 427.073 415.424 410.751 0.65
0.70 0.70 453.247 442.650 427.015 414.655 409.326 0.70
0.75 444.563 428.029 410.877 0.75 446.936 439.794 430.227 420.322 412.810 0.75 -0.534% -0.514% -0.470%

40% (area reduction)

STAAD 3rd Frequency MathCAD 3rd Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Length of Damage Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 439.405 413.646 390.924 0.25 441.842 431.303 415.907 401.720 392.777 0.25 -0.555% -0.546% -0.474%
0.30 0.30 450.756 432.854 409.237 394.228 390.336 0.30
0.35 0.35 452.224 433.063 410.015 396.835 393.437 0.35
0.40 0.40 444.397 432.207 418.145 408.078 399.411 0.40
0.45 0.45 433.961 431.016 429.008 421.300 404.711 0.45
0.50 426.443 431.931 405.352 0.50 429.366 430.457 434.344 427.334 406.754 0.50 -0.686% -0.559% -0.346%
0.55 0.55 433.961 431.016 429.008 421.300 404.711 0.55
0.60 0.60 444.397 432.207 418.145 408.078 399.411 0.60
0.65 0.65 452.224 433.063 410.015 396.835 393.437 0.65
0.70 0.70 450.756 432.854 409.237 394.228 390.336 0.70
0.75 439.405 413.646 390.924 0.75 441.842 431.303 415.907 401.720 392.777 0.75 -0.555% -0.546% -0.474%

50% (area reduction)

STAAD 3rd Frequency 3rd Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Length of Damage Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 433.113 393.293 368.063 0.25 435.652 419.372 395.748 378.185 369.896 0.25 -0.586% -0.624% -0.498%
0.30 0.30 446.985 417.655 385.177 370.234 370.432 0.30
0.35 0.35 448.714 417.868 388.211 376.315 375.349 0.35
0.40 0.40 438.387 420.588 403.110 392.712 380.411 0.40
0.45 0.45 424.766 424.348 422.666 410.292 383.580 0.45
0.50 415.526 430.083 383.395 0.50 418.798 426.194 432.674 418.004 384.600 0.50 -0.787% -0.602% -0.314%
0.55 0.55 424.766 424.348 422.666 410.292 383.580 0.55
0.60 0.60 438.387 420.588 403.110 392.712 380.411 0.60
0.65 0.65 448.714 417.868 388.211 376.315 375.349 0.65
0.70 0.70 446.985 417.655 385.177 370.234 370.432 0.70
0.75 433.113 393.293 368.063 0.75 435.652 419.372 395.748 378.185 369.896 0.75 -0.586% -0.624% -0.498%
Simply Supported: 3rd Frequency of Vibration
Healthy Frequency (3rd mode)
Frequency Error
Theoretical Formula (Hz) 457.001 -
STAAD (Hz) 454.644 0.516%
MathCAD (Hz) 457.017 0.003%

10% (area reduction)

STAAD 3rd Frequency MathCAD 3rd Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 0.994 0.984 0.973 0.25 0.994 0.989 0.984 0.978 0.973 0.25 0.003% 0.013% 0.024%
0.30 0.30 0.998 0.993 0.984 0.975 0.969 0.30
0.35 0.35 0.999 0.994 0.984 0.975 0.969 0.35
0.40 0.40 0.996 0.991 0.984 0.978 0.972 0.40
0.45 0.45 0.991 0.987 0.984 0.982 0.977 0.45
0.50 0.989 0.984 0.980 0.50 0.989 0.985 0.984 0.983 0.979 0.50 -0.017% 0.005% 0.047%
0.55 0.55 0.991 0.987 0.984 0.982 0.977 0.55
0.60 0.60 0.996 0.991 0.984 0.978 0.972 0.60
0.65 0.65 0.999 0.994 0.984 0.975 0.969 0.65
0.70 0.70 0.998 0.993 0.984 0.975 0.969 0.70
0.75 0.994 0.984 0.973 0.75 0.994 0.989 0.984 0.978 0.973 0.75 0.003% 0.013% 0.024%

20% (area reduction)

STAAD 3rd Frequency MathCAD 3rd Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 0.987 0.965 0.941 0.25 0.987 0.977 0.965 0.952 0.941 0.25 -0.001% 0.017% 0.042%
0.30 0.30 0.996 0.983 0.963 0.944 0.934 0.30
0.35 0.35 0.997 0.984 0.963 0.944 0.935 0.35
0.40 0.40 0.990 0.979 0.965 0.952 0.942 0.40
0.45 0.45 0.980 0.972 0.968 0.963 0.951 0.45
0.50 0.976 0.970 0.956 0.50 0.976 0.969 0.970 0.968 0.955 0.50 -0.047% 0.003% 0.093%
0.55 0.55 0.980 0.972 0.968 0.963 0.951 0.55
0.60 0.60 0.990 0.979 0.965 0.952 0.942 0.60
0.65 0.65 0.997 0.984 0.963 0.944 0.935 0.65
0.70 0.70 0.996 0.983 0.963 0.944 0.934 0.70
0.75 0.987 0.965 0.941 0.75 0.987 0.977 0.965 0.952 0.941 0.75 -0.001% 0.017% 0.042%

30% (area reduction)

STAAD 3rd Frequency MathCAD 3rd Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( ) Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 0.978 0.941 0.904 0.25 0.978 0.962 0.941 0.920 0.903 0.25 -0.012% 0.008% 0.051%
0.30 0.30 0.992 0.969 0.934 0.907 0.896 0.30
0.35 0.35 0.994 0.969 0.934 0.909 0.899 0.35
0.40 0.40 0.982 0.965 0.942 0.924 0.910 0.40
0.45 0.45 0.967 0.958 0.953 0.943 0.922 0.45
0.50 0.959 0.958 0.928 0.50 0.959 0.955 0.958 0.952 0.927 0.50 -0.093% -0.010% 0.136%
0.55 0.55 0.967 0.958 0.953 0.943 0.922 0.55
0.60 0.60 0.982 0.965 0.942 0.924 0.910 0.60
0.65 0.65 0.994 0.969 0.934 0.909 0.899 0.65
0.70 0.70 0.992 0.969 0.934 0.907 0.896 0.70
0.75 0.978 0.941 0.904 0.75 0.978 0.962 0.941 0.920 0.903 0.75 -0.012% 0.008% 0.051%

40% (area reduction)

STAAD 3rd Frequency MathCAD 3rd Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Length of Damage Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 0.966 0.910 0.860 0.25 0.967 0.944 0.910 0.879 0.859 0.25 -0.033% -0.024% 0.048%
0.30 0.30 0.986 0.947 0.895 0.863 0.854 0.30
0.35 0.35 0.990 0.948 0.897 0.868 0.861 0.35
0.40 0.40 0.972 0.946 0.915 0.893 0.874 0.40
0.45 0.45 0.950 0.943 0.939 0.922 0.886 0.45
0.50 0.938 0.950 0.892 0.50 0.939 0.942 0.950 0.935 0.890 0.50 -0.163% -0.037% 0.175%
0.55 0.55 0.950 0.943 0.939 0.922 0.886 0.55
0.60 0.60 0.972 0.946 0.915 0.893 0.874 0.60
0.65 0.65 0.990 0.948 0.897 0.868 0.861 0.65
0.70 0.70 0.986 0.947 0.895 0.863 0.854 0.70
0.75 0.966 0.910 0.860 0.75 0.967 0.944 0.910 0.879 0.859 0.75 -0.033% -0.024% 0.048%

50% (area reduction)

STAAD 3rd Frequency 3rd Frequency Error
Damage length ratio ( ) Length of Damage Damage length ratio ( )
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0.25 0.953 0.865 0.810 0.25 0.953 0.918 0.866 0.828 0.809 0.25 -0.064% -0.102% 0.024%
0.30 0.30 0.978 0.914 0.843 0.810 0.811 0.30
0.35 0.35 0.982 0.914 0.849 0.823 0.821 0.35
0.40 0.40 0.959 0.920 0.882 0.859 0.832 0.40
0.45 0.45 0.929 0.929 0.925 0.898 0.839 0.45
0.50 0.914 0.946 0.843 0.50 0.916 0.933 0.947 0.915 0.842 0.50 -0.264% -0.080% 0.206%
0.55 0.55 0.929 0.929 0.925 0.898 0.839 0.55
0.60 0.60 0.959 0.920 0.882 0.859 0.832 0.60
0.65 0.65 0.982 0.914 0.849 0.823 0.821 0.65
0.70 0.70 0.978 0.914 0.843 0.810 0.811 0.70
0.75 0.953 0.865 0.810 0.75 0.953 0.918 0.866 0.828 0.809 0.75 -0.064% -0.102% 0.024%