3/30/17

Composition II
Imani Harris
Topic: Getting a higher education degree is expensive but worth it
Annotated Bibliography
Cassidy, John. "What's the Point of College?" The New Yorker. The New Yorker, 01 Sept. 2015.
Web. 29 Mar. 2017. <http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/09/07/college-calculus>.
Cassidy is stating that most Americans have agreed that getting a degree is the key to
success and prosperity. Earning a post-secondary degree is no longer just a pathway to
opportunity but it merely helps individuals get higher-paying jobs. This means it raises
wages throughout the economy. Basically, a college degree is more important than ever to
have a good career. Thus, parents feel more pressured to send their children to college.
This is at a time when more families find those costs to be a burden. This article is quite
interesting and I will incorporate this into my paper as proof that college is essential to
getting a higher paying job and salary.
Davidson, Adam. "Is College Tuition Really Too High?" The New York Times. The New York
Times, 08 Sept. 2015. Web. 29 Mar. 2017. <https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/13/magazine/is-
college-tuition-too-high.html?_r=0>.
Davidson informed me that Tuition at a private university is now roughly three times as
expensive as it was in 1974, costing an average of $31,000 a year. Public tuition, at
$9,000, has risen by nearly four times. This is an expensive bill for all but the very
richest. For the average American household that doesnt receive a lot of financial aid,
higher education is just out of reach. Higher education will determine who will thrive and
who will fail. This is important for me because I can prove that higher education is
expensive and is currently still rising today.
Kamenetz , Anya. Generation Debt: Why Now is a Terrible Time to be Young . N.p.: n.p., n.d.
Print
In this book, she talks to experts in economics, labor markets, the health-care industry,
and education, and finds a startling array of evidence that building a secure life is harder
for young people today than it was thirty years ago. An emerging spokesperson for a new
generation addresses the state of young people today and tells us how we can, and must,
save our future. This is a great source for me to explain how we can turn debt into
something better than just a burden. College really isnt that bad and this helps me prove
just that.
Muralidhar, Sidharth, and Ayush Pamecha. Unburdening the debt for youth in America
https://www.imca.org/sites/default/files/current issues/IWM/IWM16JulAug_StudentTuition.pdf
This article seeks to combat student debt and defuse the financial time. The united states
outstanding student debt as of mid-July, in 2016 is 1.4 trillion and is expected to reach 2.5
trillion by 2025. Student debt is the second largest household debt behind home
mortgages. This source will give me a current debt amount to place into my paper for
great reasoning.
Schoen, CNBC John W. "Why Does an Undergraduate Degree Cost So Much?" NBCNews.com.
NBCUniversal News Group, 16 June 2015. Web. 29 Mar. 2017.
<http://www.nbcnews.com/feature/freshman-year/why-does-undergraduate-degree-cost-so-
much-n376436>.
This article states that millions of American students and their families still believe it is
and many experts pointing out that college graduates on average do make more money
than those just with a high school diploma. Many students and their families are
wondering why tuition keeps rising, and how much higher it will go. This article proves
that students with a degree makes more money than the average high school graduate.

Kane, Thomas J. The price of admission: rethinking how Americans pay for college. Washington,
D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 1999. Print
This book begins with an overview of the many ways in which Americans pay for college
as taxpayers, students, and parents-and describes the ways in which state and federal
financial aid policies interact. Over the past fifteen years, a college education has become
increasingly valuable in the labor market. Thus, the stakes have been raised the debate
over college admissions and student financial aid. With the gap in college enrollment
widening by family income, the time has come to examine the strengths and weaknesses
of the American system for financing higher education. This will help me prove that
students choose colleges based on the tuition and financial needs they may have.
Zimmermann@stlouisfed.org, and Susan M. Dynarski. "Does Aid Matter? Measuring the Effect
of Student Aid on College Attendance and Completion." American Economic Review. American
Economic Association, 01 Jan. 1970. Web. 30 Mar. 2017
Dynarski asked the question does aid matter when choosing a college to attend. Settling
the question is a challenge, because aid is with characteristics that influence educational
investment decisions. This is consistent with a model in which there are fixed costs of
college entry. This source proves that students do look at the cost before choosing a
university to attend.
Chambliss, Daniel F., and Christopher G. Takacs. How college works. Cambridge, MA: Harvard
U Press, 2014. Print.

Chambliss and Takacs questioned can students get more out of college without paying
higher tuition. How College Works reveals the surprisingly decisive role that personal
relationships play in determining a students success, and puts forward a set of small,
inexpensive interventions that yield improvements in educational outcomes. Improving
higher education means focusing on the quality of a students relationships with mentors
and classmates, for when students form the right bonds, they make the most of their
education. This will help me when I prove that college debt doesnt ruin a college
experience it just sets back the improvement on their education.

Chany, Kalman A., and Geoff Martz. Paying for college without going broke. New York:
Penguin Random House, 2016. Print.
Kalman has a section in this book that states financial aid myths. One commonly
accepted myth regarding financial aid is the best way to get money for school. The reality
is that such scholarships represent less than 5 percent of all the aid that is available. Many
people also assume that the price of tuition is the same for every college but the price
ranges differ. This source will help me prove that students with no financial aid struggle
more than students who do have it. We all thought we were paying the same amount but
thats by far from true.
Elliott, William, and Melinda K. Lewis. Student debt: a reference handbook. Santa Barbara, CA:
ABC-CLIO, An Imprint of ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2017. Print.
The book explains why so many students are borrowing large amounts of money to
attend college; considers whether the cost of higher education is simply too high, and if
there should be a cap on how much money students can borrow. It also explains what is
contributing to the rising rate of borrowers defaulting on their loans and predicts whether
the student loan bubble is in danger of popping. This book will help me explain to my
audience what exactly is student loans and how much the average student takes out a
semester.
Fevurly, K. Plan your financial future: a comprehensive guidebook to growing your net worth.
Berkeley: Apress, 2013. Print.
This online e-book states that you should have a financial plan for college. If you have
not put together a plan, or even if you have not thought about how best to manage your
financial future, the time to do so is now, and the resource you need to walk you through
every step of the personal financial planning process is Plan Your Financial Future.
Regardless of whether you are a recent college graduate or have spent the past several
decades in the working world, Plan Your Financial Future will give you the advice you
need to get your financial life in order. This source gives my audience an idea of if we
planned for college financially we might be better off in the future.
Hager, Sandy Brian. Public debt, inequality, and power: the making of a modern debt state.
Oakland, CA: U of California Press, 2016. Print.
Hager states how do we make of the fact that foreign-owned debt has ballooned to nearly
50 percent today. Until now, we have not had any satisfactory answers to these questions.
Public Debt, Inequality, and Power is the first comprehensive historical analysis of public
debt ownership in the United States. It reveals that ownership of federal bonds has been
increasingly concentrated in the hands of the 1 percent over the past three decades. This
source will help me state where our student debt money is going to and why its common
in the united states.
Hauptman, Arthur M. The tuition dilemma: assessing new ways to pay for college. Washington,
D.C.: Brookings Institution, 1990. Print.
College tuitions have skyrocketed rising twice as fast as inflation since 1980 causing
students and their families increasing concern about how to meet these costs. This guide
takes families and policymakers through the maze of college financing by explaining the
pressures leading to the development of new financing plans and by examining the
options that exist for financing. This will help my audience figure out how to actually pay
for college and how it can be less stressful.
Hershbein, Brad, and Kevin Hollenbeck. Student loans and the dynamics of debt. Kalamazoo,
MI: W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, 2015. Print.
The papers included in this article represent the most current research and knowledge
available about student loans and repayment. It serves as a valuable reference for
researchers who seek a deeper understanding of how, why, and which students borrow for
their postsecondary education. This will help me prove how this borrowing may affect
later decisions and what can help borrowers repay their loans successfully.
Kelly, Robert E., and Robert E. Kelly. The national debt of the United States, 1941 to 2008.
Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., 2008. Print.
America's debt is in the trillions and yet, like those who worry about borrowing five
dollars but not about their unaffordable mortgage, Americans fail to pay attention to this
serious situation. This will help me prove that student debt is very serious and it can
hinder your success in the future if you let it.
Kirkpatrick, David W. Choice in schooling: a case for tuition vouchers. Chicago: Loyola U
Press, 1999. Print.
The educational movement produced only improvements in student achievement,
prompting a need for greater focus on structural and cultural aspects of school
organization. Parental choice is the necessary element for successful school reform in the
future. The public educational system that has evolved in America is widely perceived to
be a failure: Efforts to assist low-income families and students have largely failed, and
academic performance has not benefitted from present priorities. Which will prove that
 low income students suffer the most while trying to receive a college education. This
causes retention, low grades and drop outs.
Knox, Susan. Financial basics: a money-management guide for students. Place of publication
not identified: Ohio State Univ Press, 2016. Print.
Knox stated that students are confronted with major financial decisions as they enter
college, and yet they have little experience with personal finance. Their decisions, if not
well made, could adversely affect them throughout their lives. This book is meant to
uplift students at the beginning of their financial lives with straightforward information
on managing bank accounts, creating spending plans, determining how much they can
afford to pay for college, making student-loan decisions, establishing a credit history, and
other money-management options. This will help me explain exactly how we can manage
our money as college students to keep from going broke and bringing more debt to the
situation.
Mishra, Aneil. Restoring trust in higher education: making the investment worthwhile again.
Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger, 2017. Print.
Mishra questioned the value in higher education. How can higher education restore its
relevance and trust with students and parents? This volume answers those questions and
more, exploring the issues that have led many people to question whether higher
education is worth the sacrifices it requires of parents and students. This will helped me
prove my overall subject that regardless of the debt in America receiving a college
education is the only way to success in todays world.
Schaefer, Naomi. The faculty lounges : and other reasons why you won't get the college
education you paid for / Naomi Schaefer Riley. Chicago: : Ivan R. Dee ; [Lanham, Md.] :
Distributed by National Book Network, 2011. Print.
College tuition has risen four times fast in the past two decades. While faculties like to
blame the rising costs on fancy athletic buildings and bloated administrations, professors
are hardly getting the short end of the stick. Spending on instruction has increased
twenty-two percent over the past decade at private research universities. This proves that
we are paying for more than an education. Were also paying for the campus, buildings,
and professors are getting the bad end of the stick just like the students.
Smith, David. College without student loans : attend your ideal college & make it affordable
regardless of your income. New York City: Morgan James, 2014. Print.
Higher Education in the United States is what Smith calls the Big Business, just as it
has become essential to receive a college degree for development of a successful career.
To succeed along the path through college you have to know lessons, or you will become
another victim in an extremely competitive environment. This will prove that there is
ways and strategies to get out of having to take out student loans. This shows that
scholarships and grants are important regardless of your income situation.