4.

0 RESULT AND DISCUSSION

The objectives of this experiment to demonstrate the principle operating

characteristic of centrifugal pump in series, parallel or single pump operation, then to
determine the pump characteristic curves of the pump series from the result finding and
lastly to determine the pump power. All the result has been collected and calculated as
shown in Appendix A and the graph of characteristic curve has been discussed in this
segment.

4.1 PUMP CHARACTERISTIC CURVE

Table 4.1 Result for single pump

Volumetric Flow, Q
P
(L/min)
0 48.78
0.6 39.22
1.0 36.36
1.5 18.69
2.0 16.00
2.5 12.90
3.0 6.10

Table 4.2 Series Configuration of Two Pumps

Volumetric Flow, Q
P
(L/min)
0 47.62
0 46.51
0.5 44.44
1.0 42.53
1.5 37.74
2.0 33.90
2.5 15.39

Table 4.3 Parallel Configuration of Two Pumps

Volumetric Flow, Q
P
(L/min)
0 95.24
 0.5 86.96
1.0 74.10
1.5 64.52
2.0 52.63
2.5 39.22
3.0 14.29

From this result obtain in all table above has been shown the value as calculated at
Appendix B. from that, can obtain the characteristic curve under the graph has been plotted
as shown on Figure 4.1.

3.5

3 f(x) = - 0.04x + 3.81

R = 0.97
f(x) = - 0.08x + 4.1
2.5 f(x) = - 0.07x + 3.17
R = 0.83
R = 0.95
Single Pump
2
Linear (Single Pump)
AP
1.5 Series Pump
Linear (Series Pump)
1
Parallel pump
0.5 Linear (Parallel pump)

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Vol. Flow, Q (L/min)

Figure 4.1 Characteristic pumps curve

From the Figure 4.1 shown that the differences of the characteristic each of the
pumps curve lie on the plotted graph. Based on Moniz et al. (2010) stated that the
characteristic of the series and parallel pump when two pump connected in series so that the
water passes first trough one pump and then through the second pump, then when two
pumps operate the flow rate is the same as for single pump but the total pressure drop
(head loss) difference. In parallel pumps, two similar pumps may be connected, so half the
flow passes through one of the pumps and the other half through the second pump. When
the pumps operate, the total pressure drops remain unchanged but the flow rate increased
twice then performance of the single pump. However in this experiment might be error
because of the unstable pressure valve and leaking at the water pump supply. From that, the
result slightly change based on the theory finding results.
4.2 The total power of each pump

In this discussion to compare the total power of the pumps in each configuration. The
Table 4.4 shown that the Total Power, P of single pump gain from the formula given that has
been shown at Appendix B.

Table 4.4 Single pump

Volumetric Flow, Q Power, P

P
(L/min) W
0 48.78 0
0.6 39.22 23.53
1.0 36.36 36.36
1.5 18.69 28.04
2.0 16.00 32.0
2.5 12.90 32.25
3.0 6.10 18.3

Table 4.5 Series pump

Volumetric Flow, Q Power, P

P
(L/min) W
0 47.62 0
0 46.51 0
0.5 44.44 22.22
1.0 42.53 42.53
1.5 37.74 56.61
2.0 33.90 67.8
2.5 15.39 38.48

Table 4.6 Parallel pump

Volumetric Flow, Q Power, P

P
(L/min) W
0 95.24 0
0.5 86.96 43.48
1.0 74.10 74.1
1.5 64.52 96.78
2.0 52.63 105.26
2.5 39.22 98.05
3.0 14.29 42.87
 120

100

80

Power,W 60 Single pump

Series pump
40
Parallel pump
20

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

Pressure Difference

Figure 4.2 Power differences of each pump

In figure 4.2 is the result of each pump power based on its pressure differences.
Highest points of parallel pump which is at pressure differences at 2. The series pump
highest power which is at 2.5. The parallel pump is among the high power consumption
among other pumps.

Tutorial

Sketch pumps in series configuration

Second
Water
Pump
First
Tank

Pump

Sketch pumps in parallel configuration

 Second

Pump
Water

Tank

First

Pump