AASHTO/AWS D1.5M/D1.5:2008 An American National Standard Bridge Welding Code A Joint Publication of American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials ip enon Society !AASHTO/AWS D1.5M/D1.5:2008 ‘An American National Standard Approved by the American National Standards Institute July 24, 2007 Bridge Welding Code Supersedes AASHTO/AWS D1.5M/D15:2002 Prepared by the American Welding Society (AWS) DI Committee on Structural Welding "AASHTO Highway Subcommittee on Bridges and Structures ‘Under the Direction ofthe AWS Technical Activities Committee AASHTO Executive Committee Approved by the 32 AWS Board of Directors gee AASHTO Board of DirectorsPoliey Commitee Abstract “This code covers the welding requirements for AASHTO welded highway bridges made from carbon and low-alloy constuetional steels, This 2008 edition contains dimensions in metric SI Units and U.S. Customary Units. Clavses 1 through 7 constitute a body of rules forthe regulation of welding in stee! construction. The provisions for Clause 9 been distributed throughout the D1.5 ende, Clauses 8 10, and 11 do not contain provisions, as their analogue DI. see- tions are not applicable to the DIS code. Clause 12 contains the requirements for fabricating fracare critical members. ‘A Joint Publication of American Association of State ‘American Welding Society Highway and Transportation Officials 550 N.W, Leleune Road 444 N. Capitol Street, N.W., Suite 225, Miami, FL 33126 Washington, DC 20001AASHTOIAWS D1.5M0D1.5:2008 International Standard Book Number: 978-0-89171-075.8 American Welding, Soc 550 N.W. Lefeune Road, Miami, FL. 33126 ©2008 by American Welding Socicty All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Photocopy Rights. No portion of this standard may be reproduced, stored in a cettieval system, or transmitted in any form, including mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission ofthe copyright Authorization to photocopy items for intemal, personal, or educational casstoom use only ofthe internat, personal, or educational classroom use ony of specific clients i granted by the American Welding Society proved that the appropriate fee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, tel: (978) 750-8404; Interne: wo w.copyright.com>AASHTOVAWS D1 SAD 5.2008 Statement on the Use of American Welding Society Standards [All standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifieations, and guides) of the American ‘Welding Society (AWS) are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accondance with the rules ofthe [American National Standards Instimte (ANSI). When AWS American National Standards are either incorporated in, of ‘made part of, documents that are included in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other govern- ‘mental bodies, their provisions cary the full legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any changes in those AWS standards must be approved by the governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become @ part of those laws and regulations. In all cases, these standards carry the full legal authority of the contract or other document that invokes the AWS standards, Whete this contractual relationship exists, changes in or deviations from requirements of an AWS standard mast be by agreement between the contracting parties. [AWS American National Standards are developed through a consensus standards development process that brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus. While the AWS adiinisters the process and establishes rules to promote fainess in the development of consensus, it docs not independently test, eval se, or verify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards, [AWS disclaims lisbity for any injury to persons of to property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether Special indirect, consequential, or compensatory, dzeety ot inditectly resulting fzom the publication, use of, oF reliance fon this standard. AWS also makes no guarantee or warranty a5 to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein, 1m issuing and making this standard available, AWS is neither undertaking to render professional or other serviees for or on behalf of any person or entity, nor is AWS undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using these documents should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, 25 appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. tis ‘assumed thatthe use of this standazd and its provisions are entrusted to appropriately qualified nd competent personne! ‘This standard may be superseded by the iss :nce of new editions. Users should ensure that they have the fates edition. ‘Publication of this standard does not authorize infringement of any patent or trade name. Users ofthis standard accept ‘any an all ibilties for infringement of any patent or trade name items. AWS disclaims liability forthe infringement of any patent or produet trade name resulting from the use ofthis standard Finally, he AWS does not monitor, police, or enforce compliance with this standard, nor does it have the power to do so. On occasion, text, tables, or figures are printed incorrectly, constituting erata, Such esata, when ‘on the AWS web page (www aws.oxg) ered, are posted (Official interpretations of any ofthe technical requirements of his standard may only be obtained by sending a request, in writing, tothe appropriate technical committee, Snch requests should he addressed to the American Welding Society, ‘Aviention: Managing Director, Technical Services Division, 550 N:W. LeJeune Road. Misi’, FL.33126 (see Annex M), ‘With regard to technical inquiies made conceming AWS standards, oal opinions on AWS standards may be rendered, ‘These opinions are offered solely as a convenience to sets of this standard, ané they do not constitute professional advice. Such opinions represent only the personal opinions ofthe particular individuals giving them. These individuals do not speak on behalf of AWS, nor do these eral opinions constitute official or unofficial opinions or interpretations of ‘AWS. In addition, oral opinions are informal and shoul not be used asa substitute for an official inezpretation. ‘This standard is subject to revision at any time by the AWS D1 Committe on Structural Welding and the AASHTO ‘Techical Committee on Welding, It must be reviewed every five years, and if not revised, it must be either reaffirmed or svithdravvn. Comments (Cecommendations, additions, or deletions) and any pertinent deta that may be of use in improving ‘this standard are required and. should be addessed to AWS Headquarters, Such comments will receive careful consideration by the AWS DI Committee on Structural Welding and the AASHTO Technical Commitee on Welding od the author of -omments will be informed of the Committce’s response to the comments. Guests ae invited to attend all meetings of the AWS D1 Committee on Structural Welding and the AASHTO Technical Committee on Welding to express their comments verbally. Procedures for appeal of an adverse decision concerning all such comments are provided in Rules of Opetation of the Technical Activities Committee. A copy of these Rules ean be obtained from the American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 331AASHTOFAWS D1 s4UD15 2008, ‘This page is intentionally blank.AASHTOVAWS D1 S401 5:2008 Personnel AWS D1 Committee on Structural Welding D. D. Rager, Chair D. K. Miller, Ist Vice Chait A.W. Sindel, 2nd Vice Chair ILL. Gayler, Secretary NI. Altebrande E.G. Aumao E.L. Bickford F.C. Breismeisior BM, Butler HH Campbell I L.E.Collins RB. Corbit, R.A, Dennis M.A. Grieco CR. Hess CW, Holmes JL. Kiefer V. Kunwvilla J. Lawinon se D.R, Lawrence I : D.R. Luciani S.L, Lickowski P.W. Marshall MJ. Mayes D.L. MoQuaid RD. Medlock 3. Meni 2 T.L. Niemann D.C. Phillips I.W. Post 3 TJ. Schlafly D.R, Scott D.A. Shapira RE. Shaw, I ca 8 RW. Stieve Poi. Sullivan M.M. Tayaranit K.K. Verma B.D. Weight Rager Consulting, Incorporated The Lincoln Electric Company Alsiorm Power “American Welding Sociery STV, Incorporated ‘The Lincoln Electric Company Acute Technological Services Strocal, Incorporaied Walt Disney World Company Tecknip USA Team Industries, Incorporated Exelon Nuclear Corporation Consultant Massachusents Highway Deparment High Steel Structures, incorporated (Retired) Modjeski and Masters. Incorporated ConocoPhillips Company Genesis Quality Systems American Engineering & Manufacturing, Incorporated Butler Manufacruring Company Canadian Welding Bureau Department ofthe Army MHP Systems Engineering Mayes Testing Engineers, Incorporated DL McQuaid and Associates, Incorporated High Stee! Structures, Incorporated MACTEC, Incorporated Minnesota Depariment of Transportation Hobart Brothers Company J.W. Postand Associaies, Incorporated “American Institute of Stel Construction PSI Washington Group International reel Strucnures Technology Center, Incorporated Greenman-Pederzon, Incorporated ‘Massachuserts Highway Deparment (Retired) Massachusetts Turnpike Authority Federal Highway Administration Advantage Aviation TechnologAASHTOIAWS D1 SAUDI 5.2008 Advisors to the AWS D1 Committee on Structural Welding W.G. Alexander EM. Beck O.W. Blodgett M.V. Davis G.L. Fox *A.R, Fronduti GJ. Hill ML. Hoitome A. Milek, J. JLB Myers D.L. Sprow WOAPE MACTEC, eorporated The Lincoln Electric Company Consultant Consultant Rex Brondutl and Associates G.1. Hill and Associates, Incorporated Hottomt Consulting Services Consultant Consultant Consubtant AASHTO Technical Committee for Welding A. K. Bardow, Chait P.V. Liles, Vice Chaic G. Bailey K.B.Car D.L. Des N.L. MacDonald B. Newton KK. Verma Massachusetts Highway Department Georgia Department of Transportation West Virginia Deparonent of Transportation Mississippi Department of Transportation Minnesota Department of Transportation Jowa Department of Transportation California Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration Joint AASHTO/AWS Bridge Welding Subcommittee TL. Niemann, Chait D.L. McQuaid, Vice Chair Minnesota Department of Transportation DL McQuaid and Associates, Incorporated AASHTO Representatives S.J. Cook W. Doukas 4.1, Edwards Ti H. z 8. Walton Michigan Department of Transportation Maine Department of Pransportation Mlinois Department of Transportation Bureau of Bridges & Structures Wyoming Department of Transportation Texas Department of Transportation Massachusetts Highway Deparment North Carolina Deparment of Transportation AWS Representatives C.R. Hess CW, Holmes N.S. Lindell D. K. Miller D.C. Phillips B. Robetds T. J, Shlafly MM, Tayara KK Verma hr Steel Structures, Incorporated Modjeski & Masters, Incorporated Inspeetech Consulting and Testing The Lincoln Electric Compa Hobart Brothers Company AFCO Steel AISC Massachuserts Turnpike Authority Federal Highway AdsAASHTOIAWS D1 541 5:2008 Advisors to the Joint AASHTOVAWS Bridge Welding Subcommittee Ne. Altebrando S.Camo LE, Collins W.M. Kavieky S.W. Kopp R.D. Medlock J.Merill N.P. Rimmer R, Stieve STV, Incorporated Weidlinger Associates, Incorporated Team Industries, Incorporated Trans Bay Steel Corporation High Steel Structures High Steel Structures Mactec Engineering & Consulting NYS Department of Transportation Greenman-Pedersen, IneorporaredAASHTOIAWS 01.5M01.5:2008 This page is intentionally blankAASHTOIAWS 01.5401 5:7008 Foreword “This foreword is not part of AASHTO/AWS D1.SM/DLS:2008, Bridge Welding Code, but i included for informational purposes only ‘The preparation ofthis specification was undertaken in response to 2 need for a common welding specication for the fabrication of steel highway bridges by welding. The deparsments of highways and transportation inthe 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Pyerto Rico that make up the American Association of State Highway and Transportation OF ficials have routinely used the specifications of the American Welding Society Steuetural Welding Committee, with ap- propriate modifications, 1o produce contract documents suitable for the construction of bridges using Federal Highway funds. The proliferation of requicements by the 50 states, District of Columbia and Puerto Rivo that make up AASHTO (American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials) reslted in the recognition of the need fora single document that could produce greater economies in bridge fabrication, while at the same time addressing the issues of structural integrity and publie safety. “The fitst AWS code for Fusion Welding and Gas Cutting in Building Construction was published ip 1928, In 1934, a committee was appointed to prepare specifications for the design, construction, alteration, and repair of highway and railway bridges. The first bridge specification was published in 1936. Until 1963, there were separate AWS committees foe bridges and buildings. These two committees joined in 1963 to form the Structural Welding Committce of the ‘American Welding Society. The committe has since promulgated standards forthe application of welding tothe design and construction of stractures, ‘The Federal Highway Administation of the United States Depastinent of Transportation requites states using federal funds for the construction of welded highway bridges to conform to specified standards for design and construction, Conformance 10 the AWS Specification for Welded Highway and Railway Bridges was frst specitied inthe third edition bf the AASHTO Stardard Specifications for Highway Bridges in 1941. In 1962, the Bureau of Public Roads, now the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), roquired conformance 0 a Circular Memorandum, dated Novernber 13, 1962, which transmitted aditional provisions for welding A3G steel pending publication of an AWS specification which ‘would contain certain essential provisions not then in the code. Another Circular Memorandum, dated February 11, 1965, specified requirements for CVN testing, and a furher Ciccular Memorandum, dated August 19, 1966, modified provisions of the 1966 Edition of the AWS D2.0-66, Specification jor Welded Highway and Railway Bridges. An FHWA notice, dated July 7, 1971, recommended that ultrasonic inspection not be used for final acceptance of welds made by electragas or eleetroslag procedures because of concern thatthe acceptance levels of AWS D2.0-69, Appendix CC, were not stable to detector reject piping porosity of major dimensions In 1974, AASHTO published the frst edition of the Standard Specification for Weiding of Souctural Steel Righway Bridges. The Eleventh Edition of the AASHTO Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges, dated 1977, directed “Welding shall conform to the requirements of the AASHTO Siandard Specifications for Welding of Suctural Steet Highway Bridges 1974 and subsequent interim specifications..." AASHTO published the Second and Third editions of the Standard Specifications for Welding of Structural Steel Highway Bridges in 1977 and 1981. All of the AASHTO specifications were required to be past of the Contract Decuments as modifications or additions tothe AWS Structural Welding CodeSieel. This was a cumbersome procedute In 1982, a subcommittee was formed jointly by AASHTO and AWS, with equal representation from both organizations, to seok accommodation between the separate and distinet requirements of bridge Owners and existing provisions of AWS DIL. The Bridge Welding Code is the result of an agreement between AASHTO and AWS to produce a jointAASHTOIAWS D1.S4YD15:2008 AASHTOVAWS Structural Welding Code for steel highway bridges that addresses essential AASHTO needs and makes AASHTO revisions mandatory The 1988 version of the Siridge Welding Code provided forthe qualification of welding procedures by test to assure that weld had the strength, ductility, and toughness necessary for use in redundant structures. Nonredundant fracture critiea! bridge members were not provided for inthe first edition of the code. While qualification of welding pracedures is rc ‘quired, a major effort has been made to specify the minimum number of tests and the simplest tests that give reasonable assurance of required mechanical propenies. Elfors are made to discourage individual States from requiting duplication of weld testing unless that testing is specified in the id documents. Special atention is directed to avoidance of unnec- essary hardening of base metal HAZs and the avoidance of hydrogen and other items that can lead to weld or base-metal cracking, Consequently, while the D1.S-88 document has a superficial resemblance to D1.1 in ts general format, thece are sigaifi- cant differences that users should be aware of, among them the lack of provisions relating ta statically loaded structures, tubular construction or the modification of existing siructutes. Users are encouraged to develop their own requirements for these applications or use existing documents (e.g, DI.1) with the appropriate modifications, ‘The publication of AASHTOAWS DISM/DI5:2008 was justified by the need to monitor, revise, and update code provisions based on the needs of AASHTO member states and industry, The following is alist of the major revisions in 2008 edition: 1) Addition of Commentaay for Clauses 2.3, 4,5, 6,31 (2) Deletion of material M27DM [M270] Gr, 485WY [70] and inclusion of Gr. HPS 485W [HPS 70W} G) Addition of a new normative annex detailing welding requitements for M270M/M270 [A709M/A709] Gr. HPS 485W [HPS 70 (4) Inclusion of HPS 50W materials (5) Addition of opsonel supplemental moisuce-resistant designators. 6) Mackining and testing lolecances fr performance fst specimens. {D) Addtons and revisions to wage, handing, and storage requirements for consumables nature rial applications. 8) Revisions to Tables 41,42, 4.4 and 4S 9) Aditon of nw flee metal variable in Table 3.3. 10) Revision to inspection personnel qualification L1)_ Revised sample forms for WPSs and PORS. ‘Changes in Code Requirements. Changes to the text of the 2008 edition are indicated by underlining, Changes to ilustrations are highlighted by vertical lines in the margin, Annex G. Future revisions to this cade willbe maule based on proposals from the Joint AASHTOVAWS Comuittee a well as those {rom document users. It should be re-emphiasized here that the Joint Committe is the primary agency for receiving feed back from industry, and tequires this input in order to produce a quality document. Other dacuments tha do not receive the ANSVAASHTOVAWS accreditation should not be relied on as substitues for the Joint Committee's interpretation of D1 provisions While the D1.1 and DIS codes do share a number of common provisions, it should not be assumed that revisions to one document provision automatically revises its analogous provision in the other; therefore, users are encouraged to treat ‘each code as an independent document ‘This code was prepared by the AASHTO/AWS Bridge Welding Committee operating us a Subcommitce of the AWS Structural Welding Commitee, The Committee is made up of representatives from the AWS Structural Welding Com~ mittee and the AASHTO Technical Committe for Welding. Accommodation was sought oa all tems whore there was isngreement between AASHTO and AWS members. Specific issues considered essential by AASHTO were included in this eode to eliminate the need for supplemental exclusions or additions by AASHITO,AASHTOIAWS D1.sMD1.52008 ‘The AASHTO/AWS DLS, Bridge Welding Code, will be subject to regular review by the Bridge Welding Committee ‘and will be republished or reaffirmed on an as-needed! basis, at intervals not to exceed five years. Al proposed chany to this code will be subject to approval by AWS and AASHTO priarto publication ‘Comments or inquities pertaining to this code arc welcome (ses Annex M). They should be seat to the Secretary, AWS D1 Committee on Structural Welding, American Welding Society, 550 N.W. Leleune Road, Miami, FL33126, oo the Chairman of the AASHTO Technical Commitee for Welding, American Association of State Highiay ané Transporta- tion Officials, 444 N. Capitol Steet, N.W.. Suite No. 225, Washington, DC 20001