Power Transmission and Distribution

Energy Automation

Secure and reliable electricity

network operation
Siemens AG, PTD SE PT, 2006
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

The electrical network from source-to-sink

Generation Transport Distribution Loads

Page 2
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Changing energy market environment

„ Change of energy market

Subsidiary
kWh environment, e.g. industry
Trader
Distribution Business restructuring, competition
company processes
„ Business process optimization,
e.g. new communication
Service
provider channels, Web
Communication „ Pressure on prices and cost together
Transmission
company with the trend to more automation
„ Increased value of information,
especially with regard to real-time
Local Power information
generation exchange
Generation „ Stronger customer focus
company
„ Technology innovation

Page 3
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Focus of an innovative energy management

Quality Minimum interruptions &
of supply high product quality
„ Comprehensive network
monitoring
„ Automation
„ Quality management
„ On-line network security analysis
„ Sufficient reserve scheduling
for power plants

Customer Economy
satisfaction & efficiency
Good offerings (Product, Quantity, Low costs &
Quality, Price, Services) sustainable profit
„ Outage management „ Network automation
„ Optimal Load Management „ Optimal energy production
„ Network analyses and and trading balance
optimization „ Mobile operation
„ Single Point of entry for multiple „ Optimized operation (Workflow, …)
resources „ Efficient IT integration and usage
„ Optimal Total Cost of Ownership

Page 4
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Workflow from day-ahead preparation to settlement

Day -Ahead -Actions

Forecast Planning of Financial Fix

Forecast Deal
market maximum and Risk Generation
demand Entry
price profit Checks Schedules

Intraday -Actions Day -Before -Actions

Control Monitor Archive

Intraday Emergency Perform
delivery of obligatory Schedules
Market counter settlement
net power or agreed & Delivery
participation measures calculation
and ancillary reserves Values

Day-
Ahead -
Actions Intraday-Actions Day-Before-Actions

Archive
Buy Control Emergency Intraday Perform
Forecast Schedules
(allocate) energy counter Market settlement
demand & Delivery
reserves balance measures participation calculation
Values

Page 5
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Modular component architecture

UI – Domain „ Control Center Desktops

Web Infrastructure „ Decentralized Desktops
„ System Management
„ Data Management

Application Domain Real-Time Data

Domain Management
Load Forecast & Distribution &
Archive ...
Domain
Management Scheduling Transmission
E/G/W/DH Applications Network Analysis

Base System Domain Data Model

SCADA- (CIM based)
System Services Functionality
Configuration
Parameter
(HW / SW)
Communication Domain

OPC Interface Process Interface

ICCP
Automation Technology IEC, DNP, 61850, ...

CIM Common Information Model OPC OLE for Process Control

DNP Distributed Network Protocol OLE Object Linking and Embedding
ICCP Inter-control Center SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
Communications Protocol

Page 6
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Application portfolio and addressed market segments

ƒ ET Energy Trading
ƒ CFE Communication Front-End
ƒ RM Risk Management
ƒ CA Communication Apps
ƒ ES Energy Sales,
SCADA ƒ SCADA Supervisory Control
Customer Management
ƒ MS Multi-site
CA
ES CFE MS Distribution
Trading RM SCADA
ƒ BS Base System
ET FISR ƒ SDM Source Data Management
UI DNA ƒ UI User Interface
DW SDM ƒ DW Data Warehouse
OMS ƒ HFD Historical and Future Data
SA BS VVC TCS ƒ FA Forecast Applications
Generation HFD Tools
CMS
PA FA OFR ƒ DNA Distribution Network Application
ƒ VVC Volt/Var Control
ITS NTLO ƒ FISR Fault Isolation/System Restoration
TNA
ƒ OMS Outage Management
ƒ ITS Interchange Transaction DTS ƒ CMS Crew Management System
ƒ SA Scheduling Applications
ƒ TCS Trouble Call System
ƒ PA Power Applications Transmission ƒ OFR Optimal Feeder Reconfiguration
ƒ TNA Transmission Network Applications
ƒ NTLO Non-Technical Losses
ƒ DTS Dispatcher Training Simulator

Page 7
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)

Wireless
External
External Alarming
Communication
SCADA
SCADA
Communication

RTU, ICCP,
ELCOM 90, OPC

Alarming
Telecontrol
Historical
Historical Monitoring
Energy
Energy
Applications
Applications Information
Information Accounting
Accounting
System
System

Page 8
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)

Functions

Limit
Limit Monitoring
Monitoring
Control
Control Device
Device Event
Event &
& Alarm
Alarm of
of analog
analog and
and
Data
Data Acquisition
Acquisition
operations
operations Processing
Processing counter values
counter values
(8
(8 limits)
limits)

Real-time
Real-time
Interlocks
Interlocks Real-time
Real-time Data
Data Marking
Marking &
& Accumulator
Accumulator
Processing
Processing Calculations
Calculations Tagging
Tagging Processing
Processing (RAP)
(RAP)

Switching
Switching
Control
Control Procedure
Procedure Source
Source Value
Value Topology
Topology
Execution
Execution Management
Management Selection
Selection Processing
Processing
Monitoring
Monitoring (SPM)
(SPM)

Supervisory
Control

Page 9
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Transmission services

• Transmission Grid Analysis Applications

Dispatcher Power Flow
State Estimator
Network Parameter
Adaptation
Security Analysis
Outage Scheduler
Security Analysis Look-
ahead
Fault Calculations
• Transmission Grid Optimisation Applications
Network Sensitivity
Optimal Power Flow
Voltage Scheduler
Security Constrained
Economic Dispatch

Page 10
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Distribution Services

Distribution Management System (DMS)

Page 11
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Generation Services
Power
Applications

Control Area Load

Load
Frequency
Frequency
Control
Control

Production
Production
Cost
Cost
Generation Monitoring
Monitoring
Area

Consumers
Consumers Consumers
Generating
Consumers Consumers
Consumers Economic
Economic
Consumers
Consumers Generating
Consumers
Consumers Consumers
Consumers
Consumers Schedules
Consumers Schedules
Units
Schedules
Schedules Consumers
Consumers Dispatch
Dispatch
Units

Reserve
Reserve
Monitoring
Monitoring

Page 12
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Generation Services
Load forecast functions

Page 13
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Generation Services
Planning and Trading Horizons

stochastic
5-20
5-20 years
years Expansion
Expansion Planning
Planning

1-5
1-5 years
years
Maintenance
Maintenance Scheduling
Scheduling
Long-Term
Long-Term Long-Term
Long-Term
Planning
Planning Bilateral
Bilateral Trading
Trading
1-2 Resource
Resource Optimization
Optimization
1-2 years
years

Hydro
Hydro Thermal
Thermal Coordination
Coordination
Short-Term
Short-Term Day-Ahead
Day-Ahead
1-7
1-7 days
days
Planning
Planning Trading
Trading Trade
Trade Optimizing
Optimizing Scheduler
Scheduler
deterministic

Real-Time
Real-Time Short-Term
Short-Term Trade
Trade Evaluation
Evaluation
1-15
1-15 minutes
minutes Dispatch
Dispatch Trading
Trading
Economic
Economic Dispatch
Dispatch
online
online Control
Control Automatic
Automatic Generation
Generation Control
Control

Page 14
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Multiple Energy Resource Optimization (MERO)

Example of a German utility

Primary Resources Steam Secondary Resources

Boiler Generator
turbine
40-100 [t/h] 5-25 [MW]
Coal
Coal
10-75 [MW]
~ Electricity
Electricity
Waste heat
Boiler HP: 30-60 [t/h]
Gas
Gas LP 4-8 [t/h]
3-6 [MW]

Gas
Gas
Oil
Oil Gas 15-25

Heating
turbine ~ [MW]

45-100 [MW] District

District
Heating
Heating
Electricity
Electricity
House load
Potable
Potable Potable
Potable
Water
Water Water
Water
Water pumps

Page 15
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Energy automation system services

System management functions:

Start-up and Shutdown functions
Redundancy and System Recovery functions
Backup & Restore functions
User Administration and Security
Project Data Management functions
License Management functions
Diagnosis functions

Page 16
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Communication Solutions
Communications Front End (CFE)

Base Functions
„ Data Acquisition
„ Data Preprocessing
„ Time Processing
„ Error Messages and Quality Flags
„ Start-up Procedure
„ Line-Level Redundancy
„ Listening Mode
„ Connection of Data Concentrator

Page 17
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Communication Components
Spectrum PowerCC
(SCADA, Applications)
DDS

CFE Communication Front End

DDS Data Distribution Service
ELCOM ELectricity utilities
COMmunication
ICCP Inter-control Center DDS DDS DDS
Communication Protocol
OPC OLE for Process Control CFE OPC ICCP From/to
RTU Remote Terminal Unit
ELCOM other CCs

IEC 101, 104

SINAUT8-FW,
Different others
Telecontrol Other
Automation protocols Protocols
Protocols (SIMATIC NET via TCP/IP
Gateway-Solutions for long distance,
SICAM PAS, Profibus only for short
Advanced RTU distance)

Parallel Interface Profibus Station bus

to Process

Telecontrol: Industry Automation: Station equipment:

RTUs SIMATIC S5, -S7 Protection, ...

Substation Process: Switch Gear, Infrastructure, Protection, ...

Page 18
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Communications Front End (CFE)

Spectrum PowerCC Communication Example
Power Real UI
System Time Client
Object Server
Server
(PSOS) Spectrum
PowerCC LAN

Communications Communications
Front-End 1 Front-End 2
(CFE 1) (CFE 2)

Real-Time to RTU to RTU

Data LAN
Router Router
to RTU to RTU

WAN
Configuration with
2 redundant CFE subsystems
and different RTU interface
RTU RTU connections

Page 19
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Communication Services
Protocols

Communication Protocols (Standard)

„ IEC 60870-5-101 (Master) IEC 60870-5-104 (Master)
„ DNP 3.0 / DNP 3.0i
„ CDC Type II Siemens SINAUT 8FW
„ L&G TG 800 L&G TG 8979
„ L&G TG 065
„ IEC 61850 IEC 60870-5-103
„ INDACTIC 35 Modbus
„ L&G TG 6000 RP 570/571

Communication Protocols (Project-specific)

„ Conitel
2020 INDACTIC 33
„ Siemens FW 535 SEAB-1F

Page 20
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Elcom Interface (ELC)

Spectrum PowerCC ELCOM (ELectricity

utilities COMmunication), an Open and
Standardized Protocol for Process Data
Exchange between remote control centers
(ELCOM as introduced standard in more
Nordic countries)

Highlights
„ Internationally accepted de facto standard
for inter control center communication
services
„ Real time data exchange
„ Multi vendor supported

Page 21
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Protocols
ELCOM-90 (Electricity utilities communication) (IEC 870-6 TASE.1)

ISO layer model:

Application layer: ELCOM-90

Presentation layer: ELCOM-90
Session layer: empty
Transport layer: TCP
Network layer: IP
Link/physical layer e.g.: IEEE
802.2 / IEEE 802.3, Ethernet,
Token Ring, X.25, ATM, Frame
Relay

Page 22
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Protocols
ICCP (Inter-control Centre Communication Protocol) (IEC 870-6 TASE.2)

Open and Internationally Standardized Protocol for Inter Control Centre

Communication with real-time data exchange

ICCP Data Exchange

Spectrum
SpectrumPowerCC
PowerCC
(Local
(LocalControl
ControlCenter)
Center)

Spectrum
SpectrumPowerCC
PowerCC Other
OtherUtilities
Utilities
(Remote
(RemoteControl
ControlCenter)
Center) (Non-Siemens
(Non-SiemensSystem)
System)

WAN
(or permanent lines)

Non-utility
Non-utility Power
PowerPools
Pools
Generators
Generators

Regional
Regional
Control
ControlCenters
Centers
Page 23
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

OPC - The universal and flexible Interface

Client / Server Architecture

OPC-Client

Communication Device

Application
OPC-Interface

COM/ DCOM (external via TCP/IP)

OPC-Interface
Device specific
Protocol
Communication Device

OPC-Server

Page 24
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Benefits of communication standards

Communication standards to ensure interoperability,

efficient engineering, commissioning and secure operation
M arket
Participant
Energy
Market Control
95 TR M anagement
IEC 61970 EMS IEC 621 Participant System Centre
EC, EDI Control G

50
ISO 9735 Centre 2 Pow er

IE
C

618
Server IEC 60870-6 (TASE.2), PV Plant IEC Plant

61
IEC 61968 DMS 61 61 850 CHP

85
ELCOM90, DNP3, 85 IEC

IE C
0
Control Centre 1 0
IEC 60870-5-101, -104 IEC 60870-5-101, -104,
IEC 60870-5-101, -104, IEC 61850
IEC 60870-6 (TASE.2), communication IEC 61
IEC 60870-6 (TASE.2), 850
ELCOM90, DNP3 grid (IEC 6
IEEE P1525, 14 00
influencable loads/ -25)
IEC 62210 ELCOM90, DNP3 IEC
50

0
IEC Power DSM solutions 8 61

85
IEC 60870-5-101,
61
IE

IEC 611 85
0

61
C

IEC 60870-5-104, Plant C

6 20 07 IE
60

Wind Plant

C
IEEE P1525, DNP3
87

56

IE
Substation 1 Substation 2
0 -5

Substation
50
618 IEC 61850 IEC 61850
-1

IEC P1525 5
02

- 50
IEEE 0870 C 618
C 6 I E
IE 3 Metering
DN P Billing CT
Pole-Top
CT
M etering
Pole-Top VT VT Billing
PU PU

Substation IEC 61850

(IEC 60834, IEEE 1565)

Goal for future communication -

Current communication standards
Use of different physical and link layers

Page 25
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

IEC 61850 and its mapping opportunities

IEC 61850 is the up to date, world wide accepted communication standard

Mapping the data model and the services to different ISO/OSI layers
Key features of the standard:
Application
1. Separation of data and communication technology
- keep the information (application) free from
ACSI Abstract Interface any information exchange method and
communication network
2. Communication stacks may be exchanged
Specific SCSM 2 SCSM n following the state of the art in
SCSM 1
Mapping
communication technology
- one specific mapping defined to MMS
Application layer 7 and Ethernet TCP/IP
- generally the standard is open for other
Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation Layer 1- 6 transmission media like PLC or radio transmission

3. Information models can be easily extended

communication stacks
- further extension planned i.e. for
wind power plants, distributed power stations,
and water power stations

Page 26
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

IT integration concept

Page 27
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Information Model Management

Graphic Designer & Auto Display Builder

„ Fully integrated and extended WinCC Graphics Designer

„ MS Windows look and feel
„ World map concept with a 32 layer drawing pane for
vector-oriented display design

Station C Station D
layer 1
network level
Station A

Station B
zooming

layer 2
subnetwork level
Station A

zooming Station B
layer 3
110kV
station level

0A 230A
StationB
Station
A
zooming
Transformer 1 Transformer 2 layer 4
feeder level
Transformer1
Transformer
1
Transformer
110kV/20kV
Next inspection
zooming 06.09.1993

Page 28
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Spectrum PowerCC
Base System

Typical redundant Spectrum PowerCC System Configuration

- UI Client Workplaces

- UI Client Workplaces

Redundant LAN

* Remote
Workplace

- PSOS - Web UI
- AAS 2m

- Web TS PSTN
- UI client
2m
PSOS/AAS
Server RTS CS CS
Server Server Server * Remote
- RTS - CFE - CFE
Workplace
- Web UI

CS Communication System
RTS Real-time (SCADA) Processing
CFE Communication Front End
AAS Advanced Application Server e.g. HIS Archive
PSOS Real Time Database
UI-Client Operator Workstation
TS Terminal Server

Page 29
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Concept of integrated Applications IEC 61970 / 61968

… supports the use of components from different vendors
Application Socket
The traditional
„Plug-Compatibility“
as Key for IT-Integration
in Utilities

Comm.
CIM-based
Data Model

Inf. Model Training Spectrum Trouble Call Customer

Manager Simulator PowerCC Mgmt. Care

IEM

“Integration Bus” = Middleware + Meta Data Model …

IEM

Workforce Outage
Archive GIS
Management Mgmt.

IEM Information Exchange Model

Page 30
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Discussion

I would like to invite you to a discussion about

Requirements

and

Deficits

and

Trends

Page 31
 Power
Power Transmission
Transmission and
and Distribution
Distribution

Different Levels of security mechanism

Control Centre Level Control Centre

Protection and
Interlocking Substation 1
Substation 2

Station Level

Field Level

Device Level

Page 32