Contents:

Guitar biog raphy

Guitar purchase
Replacement of string s on a classical g uitar
As it is correct to hold a g uitar
Guitar strumming
Using a plectrum
How to adjust a g uitar aurally a method of the fifth harmony?
Control of a g uitar using the g uitar tuner
What is tablature
Reading tablature
Chords A, D, E
Chords C, G
Tabs for different song s

















Guitar biog raphy.

The earliest image of the tool similar to a guitar, belongs to the II century, to Spain. It is
drawing on a bas-relief which decorated a gravestone stele in Merida. Here the man sitting on
a lap with the device is drawn. Since X centuries the image of string plucked
instruments becomes standard. Tools of this period still combined in themselves lines which
in Renaissance will be distributed between different types of the plucked - such as Viola,
vihuela and a guitar. In the XIII century the guitar was already widely known in Spain. It
becomes the national tool, is applied to solo game, accompaniment to singing and
maintenances of dances. At that time already there were two types of guitars - a guitar
Mauritian and a guitar Latin. A Mauritian guitar - an oval form, also play on it mainly a
plectrum (mediator) that gives sharpness to its sounding of which contemporaries complain.
The Latin guitar has more difficult form, and thanks to the soft sounding it becomes
distinguished music popular among fans. In the XVI century the most widespread tool was
vihuela. On methods of game and appearance vihuela it is close to a guitar, but it possesses
narrower and convex case. On them accompanied singing, played solo and a duet, executed
variations, imaginations, dances, plays. At the end of the XVI century vihuela lost former
value, however, it was applied until the end of the XVII century. At the end of the XVI century
the quantity of strings of a guitar, on a lute sample, increases, and in the last two decades of
the XVI century in Europe, and including in Spain the guitar with five rows began to extend. It
will be applied until the end of the XVIII century. To the middle of the XVIII century in the
history of a classical guitar in Europe there comes crisis. In Spain this crisis was explained by
the general decline of culture in the country. Till 1770th years the guitar keeps the
characteristic features acquired at the beginning of the XVII century. The guitar is equipped
with nine strings which make five rows. Two low strings are adjusted in an octave. Beginning
of the XIX century. All Europe is captured by "guitar mania". Fans admire it, virtuosos drive
about across all Europe with concerts, causing a storm of applause of enthusiastic public. At
the end of the last century the guitar began to gain popularity sharply. If before the guitars
played only in private houses and salons, by the end of last century the guitar began to step on
the stage. There was a need for sound strengthening. That's when there was more clear split
between classics and that most often call now a folk guitar or a western. The technology
began to allow to make metal strings which ringed more loudly. Besides, the box increased in
sizes that allowed a sound to be deeper and louder. There was one serious problem - the
strong tension of metal strings actually killed the top part of a box, and the thickening of walls
of a box eventually killed vibration, and together with it and a sound. In the 30th and 40th
years the situation started changing - generally because of emergence of qualitative
microphones and sound pickups. Besides, to the arena came and right there won the world
new popular style of music - the blues. It is known that the blues developed, generally thanks
to diligence of poor black musicians. They played it in every way fingers, mediators and even
bottles from beer (necks from bottles with beer were direct forefathers of modern slides).
Beauty of a sound concept relative therefore we will not argue on the subject "what guitars it
is better", and we will go further - to an era of a rock'n'roll. The rock'n'roll appeared from the
blues, therefore and guitars were used the blues - namely westerns. But, in difference from the
blues, the rock'n'roll was more variety style. He demands existence of ensemble, a drum set, a
bass guitar, and it is accepted to play it on electric tools. And here by 60th years as it is not
regrettable, the acoustic guitar started leaving a scene. Less frequently on a scene there were
performers with acoustic guitars - sound pickups and effects won the world. The acoustic
guitar of the 60th and 70th years turned generally into the tool for writing of songs, execution
of house concerts and songs at a fire. We reached till 80th years. I think that all readers
already remember this time personally: blossoming of hard rock on the one hand, and
electronic music with another. And again to an acoustic guitar there was no place in these
styles. Today acoustics again won the world.
Guitar purchase.
1. First, be defined, what guitar you want. If you only start learning to play, it is better to take
inexpensive acoustics. It is considered that the classics is suitable for training though it will
seem to someone too silent (I more, for example, initially took a guitar with metal strings).
Having decided on a guitar, choose shop where you will do purchase. It is better to bypass
certainly as much as possible shops - the prices can differ.
2. Before going on shops, take with itself more skilled musician. It will help to make a right
choice, something will prompt, will play on your future guitar, will have a talk with the seller.
3 Listen, whether separate strings are allocated on loudness. If the guitar sounds too deafly,
wadded, can dimly be it is worth choosing another?
4 Attentively examine a signature stamp, here some important points: wood fibers from the
back party of a signature stamp have to go along it, it, a so-called, tangential cut. Otherwise
the signature stamp can lead.
- try a signature stamp to the touch, whether conveniently to you to play? As a rule,
professional guitarists arrange hands under a signature stamp, and not the reverse, but if you
the beginner or the fan to you is better not to feel discomfort.
- strings around the 12th harmony have to be over a signature stamp at height near 2mm
(from a string to a harmony), at game frets should not jingle.
- take a guitar as the violinist a violin, look at a signature stamp lengthways, it has to be
equal. If it is bent, such tool is unsuitable and it is natural to us is not necessary.
- examine signature stamp fastening to the case (if certainly it is not attached tightly): no gaps
should be.
- check pegs and fixing of strings. They should not dangle.
5 Play on a guitar on each string on each harmony. Some notes can sound more silently or
more loudly than the others, especially on guitars.
6 Examine the case. Whether there are on it no chips and scratches.
7 If you buy an electric guitar, connect it to the amplifier, strike a chord and listen. Whether
this sound is pleasant to you? Check sounding of each sensor, background level, twist
loudness and timbre regulators - the sound has to change smoothly, without jumps, at turn
regulators should not rattle.
8 Now the main test - play on a guitar any work or a fragment. Whether the sound is pleasant
to you? Whether it is convenient to hands? Whether you feel return? Ask that on a guitar the
seller or your acquaintance played, and listen to it from outside.
9 Well and at last: whether this guitar externally is pleasant to you? Do not hesitate, it is very
important that the guitar was pleasant to you not only a sound.
Guitar purchase from hands:
1 In most cases it is a prize in the price of 30-40%.
2 Be careful: there is a probability that you can elementary deceive.
3 Remember - to buy others guitar it to buy others problems. Take an interest why it sell.
4 Agree about the return terms, one day to you anyway have to give. If the guitar has defects
(like chips), it is necessary to show it to the master, he will define on what it is possible not to
pay attention that is under repair and that is not present.
5 Bargain if on a guitar there are the chips which are not influencing a sound. To you still
will be, on what to spend money. In conclusion of a subject council: miracles usually do not
happen, and guitar level directly depends on its cost.
 Replacement of strings on a classical guitar.
Attention!
During the replacing of strings or control behave the tool of a lobby wild from. The total
force of a tension of strings of a classical guitar can reach 50. In case of string break, it
can injure eyes and the person. If when replacing strings you need to have a bite a string the
special tool (nippers, etc.) it is necessary to weaken its tension completely in advance. Sharp
falling of a tension of a string can not only put damage to a signature stamp, but also the
cuted string can wound you. For weakening of a tension it is convenient to use special
machines for winding of strings (sometimes call string winder). When replacing strings, it
is possible to use the following instruction: 1... String fastening to a support (bridge/bridge).
Fastening of strings to a support On the scheme the part of a support (bridge) and fixed part
of a string are represented. The signature stamp is above. When fastening the first, second or
third string it is possible to make more rounds.

2... Be convinced that the last round of a string is on the edge of a support (bridge).

3... Fastening of strings to tuners mechanics. Fastening of strings to tuner mechanics On the
scheme is shown how to establish the first string (the fourth and the fifth are established as).
The second, third and sixth strings at installation are cast on splittings in an opposite
direction.
4... After installation of all strings for control use the tuner or a tuning fork (wind, fork,
electronic). Councils:
- Establish strings on a support and splittings more carefully. The loops and winding will be
more dense and accurate, the less time is required for installation of strings in tone.
- Watch a condition of powders (especially behind cuts in the top powder). When jamming
string in a cut its break is possible. To prevent jamming of strings and to reduce wear of
powder, apply special greasing!
- For acceleration of an extract of new strings at first they can be extended forcibly. Having
delayed a string up on one-two centimeters, several times run a finger along all its working
length with a force, sufficient in order that it slightly came off a cut in powder and on a
support. After tone will go down, the string should be tightened. As it is possible to use
machines for winding of strings with a special cut for a string pulling.
- Use special means for cleaning of strings. They allow strings to keep more long
appearance and the main thing do not allow a string "to become deaf", losing the initial
timbre.
As it is correct to hold a guitar.
We will begin, certainly, from a position sitting, it is the most convenient position, we will
put a guitar on the right foot and there is a nuance, you often saw that people playing sitting
on a guitar cross the legs, this, clear business, becomes to hold a guitar above, because so
more conveniently. If it is so convenient to you, can hold a guitar also.

Depending on that where you will sit, there will be a position of your feet. Choose as you
conveniently to keep! When we correctly and conveniently mudflows should be passed to
statement of hands. The right hand very often advise to round (especially in muses. schools).
It is correct for a classical guitar, for classical landing and for classical music. But it is very
inconvenient for other musical directions. Therefore we keep a hand in an average position.
Right hand.
The thumb is responsible for 6.5.4 strings, index for 3. average for 2. anonymous for 1.
Remember it as a peculiar prayer. 6.5.4 Strings it is pulled by a thumb, doing smooth
movement down. 1.2.3 Strings it is pulled intended for each string by the finger up. Sit at least
minutes 5 and pull all strings, get used to that all has to be on the place. Find that middle when
the string sounds not absolutely silently and not absolutely loudly. So, with equipment dealt,
let's understand now how a certain sound is formed. You, probably, noticed that all strings
differ on thickness and publish different notes. Can pull an elastic band and try it to pull, it
too will make a sound, only the silent. First, because the tension is not enough, secondly,
because the sound disperses at once extensively. And so in a guitar the tension quite big also
is the wooden case where the sound resounds and leaves a resonator opening. For this reason
for an acoustic guitar important, of what tree it did and as dried. I hope, with it all is clear.
Left hand.
We pass to the left hand. Take a guitar, rest a thumb against the signature stamp middle
behind. It will give resistance to other fingers. Other brush has to be free, there should not be
a stiffness anywhere. Now we need to clamp the first string on the 7th harmony. So, we will
learn to calculate where what harmony is. We consider from a signature stamp feather one
after another, we find the 7th harmony and it is pressed by a forefinger a string. We press a
finger small pillow, near LVL powder, it will be so easier and more convenient. While we
will leave alone the left hand. So, right we will play simple search, we play the 6th thumb,
then 3 index, further 2 averages, 1 anonymous, then again 2 averages and 3 index, play it at
very slow speed and it is accurate, better more slowly, but it is right, than quickly and with
mistakes. When it at you becomes good to turn out, we will connect the left hand, we will
clamp our first string on the 7th harmony, and the right hand we will play the same.
Guitar strumming.
In fight there are two main aspects, it is blow down and blow up, they alternate and create that
rhythmic drawing. But in order that they need to be alternated will learn to beat correctly
down and up separately. Put fingers in OK and move a thumb that it gave resistance to the
index a little. Beat on strings down a forefinger a nail, so the sound will be more accurate.
Watch that the blow was not too strong and not too weak. The blow up becomes in two ways
or a forefinger small pillow, Or is left our fingers in the same situation, as well as at blow
down and we do blow up by a thumb nail (by the way, I will advise to grow small nails on the
right hand, it will be so more convenient).
Using a plectrum.
It is necessary to pay attention to mediator thickness:
Thin are suitable for game on an acoustic guitar. Game has soft sounding;
Fat are suitable for game on an electric guitar. Give the chance to control blow and sound
force.
As it is correct to hold a mediator.
The mediator needs to be held in the right hand (if you the right-handed person) between big
and index fingers. We put a mediator on the first phalanx of a forefinger, further, from above
it is necessary to press a thumb, its small pillow. Keep in mind that the mediator has to act
from under fingers approximately for twenty percent, instead of on a half as many guitarists
do.
How to adjust a guitar aurally a method of the fifth harmony?
The main objective when using this method to adjust the first string of a guitar (thinnest) E
(Mi). After you heard to a note (Mi), it is necessary to compare it to the taken sound on the
first open string and if it is required, rotation of tuners to achieve sounding of these sounds
in unison. All further actions depend on how the first string is precisely adjusted. After
adjustment of the 1st string of a guitar, it is necessary to clamp the 2nd on the 5th harmony, it
has to coincide on sounding with open for the 1st.
the 3rd on the 4th harmony - with open the 2nd.
the 4th on the 5th harmony - with open the 3rd.
the 5th on the 5th harmony - with open the 4th.
the 6th on the 5th harmony - with open the 5th.

Control of a guitar using the guitar tuner.
The simplest way to adjust a guitar to use the tuner is an ideal option for beginning
musicians as he does not demand any acoustical skills. By means of the tuner equally easily it
is possible to adjust both an electric guitar, and acoustics. You simply take a sound from an
open string and look that shows the tuner. Usually on it in the form of indicators or
graphically on the display it is shown, how exactly it is necessary to adjust guitar strings (it is
required to tighten up splittings or on the contrary to weaken). It is important to pay thus
attention, whether there corresponds the sound taken from an open string with what has to be
depending on the chosen system of a guitar. And that can turn out that you adjusted the 2nd
string as 3, etc. There is a set of models and producers of tuners, however all of them have
similar opportunities and functions.
What is tablature.
So, tablature (in a life tabs) are six parallel lines with which designate strings as they are
established on a guitar, with certain designations which speak how to play this or that work.
Reading tablature.
It is reckoned from the first the thinnest string (E or "mi") and the sixth comes to an end
bass "mi". Reading tablatures happens from left to right.
In this case E top is the thinnest "mi, B (the second, a "SI" string), G "sol" (third), D
"re" (the fourth, bass string), And "la" (the fifth, bass) and E bottom "mi" (the sixth,
bass). If the figure "0" is specified lines, the string has to sound released (empty, not pressed
to a harmony). If the X symbol that a sound has to be muffled. For this purpose it is
necessary to put a finger on a string, but thus not to press it that it did not concern a harmony
here then you and receive this muffled sound.
If you play on tabs the guitar, to you can meet and other designations which are most popular
from which:
- ~ a vibrato fluctuation of a sounding string during which rocks clamped strings on
a harmony.
- B a string band, raises tone due to cross shift of a string on powder of a harmony,
tightening as some rockers speak. The band in musical editors is designated not by a
letter, and the sign Up Arrow.
- \ and / a glissando (as guitarists of classics speak) or slide (a slide, rock musicians
and BluesMen so speak) sliding by fingers on a string from one harmony to another.
- p and h legato, during this reception a sound on the first note is taken by means of
a finger of the right hand, and following it left. Legato in programs for reading it is
designated by the handle connecting "connected" notes.
Chords A, D, E
A# chord (la sharp major)

A#m chord (la sharp minor)

A#7 chord (small major seventh chord la sharp)

A#maj7 chord (big major seventh chord la sharp)

A#m7 chord (minor seventh chord la sharp)

D# chord (re sharp major)

D#m chord (re sharp minor)

D#7 chord (small major seventh chord re sharp)

D#maj7 chord (big major seventh chord re sharp)

D#m7 chord (minor seventh chord re sharp)

Chord E (mi major)

Em chord (mi minor)

E7 chord (small major seventh chord mi)

Emaj7 chord (big major seventh chord mi)

Em7 chord (minor seventh chord mi)

Barre chord E (mi major)

Barre Em chord (mi minor)

Barre E7 chord (small major seventh chord mi)

Barre Emaj7 chord (big major seventh chord mi)

Barre Em7 chord (minor seventh chord mi)

Chords C, G
Chord C (to a major)

Cm chord (to a minor)

C7 chord (small major seventh chord to)

Cmaj7 chord (big major seventh chord to)

Cm7 chord (minor seventh chord to)

Barre a chord of C (to a major)

Barre Cm chord (to a minor)

Barre C7 chord (small major seventh chord to)

Barre Cmaj7 chord (big major seventh chord to)

Barre Cm7 chord (minor seventh chord to)

G chord (sol major)

Gm chord (sol minor)

G7 chord (small major seventh chord sol)

Gmaj7 chord (big major seventh chord sol)

Gm7 chord (minor seventh chord sol)

Barre G chord (sol major)

Barre Gm chord (sol minor)

Barre G7 chord (small major seventh chord sol)

Barre Gmaj7 chord (big major seventh chord sol)

Barre Gm7 chord (minor seventh chord sol)

Tabs for different songs.
Stairway to Heaven (Led Zeppelin)

Sweet Home Alabama (Lynyrd Skynyrd)


Beat It (by Michael Jackson)

Eye of the Tiger (by Survivor)

Shape of my Heart (by Sting)

I Feel Fine (by The Beatles)