Trench Instruction Manual

Instruction manual
Earthfault Protection
System EFD20
TRENCH AUSTRIA GMBH
Paschinger Strae 49
A 4060 Leonding
Austria
Phone: (43) (732) 6793-0

Fax: (43) (732) 671341
Revision page No. 1 - 18 June 2009
EFD20 instruction manual version 1.18 dated June 2009 Approved: 19. June 2009
Document No: 60-03_EFD20_en By: VR/Pu
Basic version 1.3 valid for: EFD20 software version 1-03 and EFD20Term Version 1-03
Software
EFD20 software EFD20Term Version Notes
1-03 1-03 basic version
1-04 1-03 modifications not visible from external
1-05 1-05 New parameter: trigger sensitivity - additional delay
W indows95 is not supported any more.
1-07 1-07 New parameter: current peak difference, value Ipos,
feeder selective delay; important information "I":
display event list; information file "INF" about events
per archiv - file; earthfault signal per busbar,
parameter overview per busbar, IEC101 proto
1-08 1-08 additional, alternativ, wattmetric method
(comparative method)
1-09 1-09 Alternative feeder model (admittance method)
1-10 1-10 Access of several EFD20 to one Expansionbox EFX20
IEC 870-5-101, -103, -104: new factory settings
COM 1: predefined settings for using EFD20Term
1-11 1-11 edit EFX card access at commissioning or expert level
additional analogue inputs for PLC-programming
1-12 1-12 External analogue inputs: transformer ratios are
considered. Optimal operating behaviour of the
detection system in networks at low neutral to
ground voltage. Option "external power switch":
parameter "coilposition" is adjustable from 1 up to 100%
1-13 1-13 without external appreciable changes
1-14 1-14 Directional ground fault detection installed
Transient earthfault method: external blocking possible,
if required (per busbar)
Scada system protocol IEC 60870-5-101: asymmetry value and
zero sequence current per feeder available; changes of measu-
rands only transmitted, if measured value > 0.05% of maximum
Automatic reclosing unit: new parameters
discrimination time
observation time
ARU - States available at PLC
1 - 15 1 - 15 Internal revision
1 - 16 1 - 16 Scada system according to IEC 60870-5-101
capacitive current per feeder added
Scada system according to IEC 60870-5-101 and -104
commands for switching on/off controller and detection
function (Infonumber 779 and 780) added
Scada system according to IEC 60870-5-103
Parameter according to AEG - System added
1 - 17 1 - 17 Internal revision
1 - 18 1 - 18 Transient earthfault method: programmable delay per feeder
W attmetric method: new parameter "interruption time"
EFD20 V1.18 page 1

June 2009 revision page
Manual
Chapter Version Software Revision- Remarks
manual EFD20 date
C1 1.3 1-03 July 2004
C2 1.3 1-03 July 2004
C3 1.3 1-03 July 2004
1.7 1-07 July 2005 display parameter overview
1.9 1-09 Nov. 2005 display Yu/Ic alternative feeder model ( admittance method )
1.14 1-14 Nov. 2007 display tripping sector inserted
C4 1.3 1-03 July 2004
1.10 1-10 May 2006 settings of serial interface COM 1
C5 1.3 1-03 July 2004
1.7 1-07 July 2005 event list
1.8 1-08 Sept. 2005 wattmetric method: variant B, voltage dependent threshold,
enable / disable comparative method
1.14 1-14 Nov. 2007 directional ground fault protection
C6 1.3 1-03 July 2004
1.7 1-07 July 2005 detection signals: global earthfault signal,
high resistant earthfault signal
C7 1.3 1-03 July 2004
1.5 1-05 Oct. 2004 New parameter: trigger sensitivity - additional delay [s]
1.7 1-07 July 2005 IEC101 protocol; several menu levels by one password;
new parameters: current peak difference, feeder selective
delay, value Ipos
1.8 1-08 Sept. 2005 wattmetric method: parameters variant B
1.9 1-09 Nov. 2005 parameters for alternative feeder model ( admittance method )
1.10 1-10 May 2006 new parameter edit EFX card access
COM 1: predefined settings for using EFD20Term
1.11 1-11 Sept. 2006 edit EFX card access at commissioning or expert level
new parameter analogue inputs external (PLC)
1.12 1-12 Nov. 2006 description of LAN - settings inserted
1.14 1-14 Nov. 2007 new parameters
directional ground fault protection
automatic reclosing unit
1.18 1 - 18 June 2009 new parameters
Transient earthfault method: programmable delay per feeder
Wattmetric method: interruption time
new output function per feeder "AI[FEEDER_STATE]"
C8 1.3 1-03 July 2004
1.5 1-05 Oct. 2004 Windows95 is not supported any more
1.7 1-07 July 2005 archiv information file "INF"
C9 1.3 1-03 July 2004
1.7 1-07 July 2005 Data Unit 9, IEC101 - protocol: measurands,
manual search, counter
1.10 1-10 May 2006 IEC 870-5-101, -103, -104: new factory settings
1.11 1-11 Sept. 2006 IEC870-5-101, -103, -104: measurands standard
configuration; hint about Interoperability list added
1.12 1-12 Nov. 2006 IEC870-5-101: factory settings of measurands descriped
1.14 1-14 Nov. 2007 measured data transfer IEC 60870-5-101: asymmetry value and
zero sequence current available per feeder; changes of measu-
rands are transmitted, if measurand > 0.05% of maximum
automatic reclosing unit:
reclosing is blocked, if faulty feeder is externally (manually)
connected to busbar
1.18 1-18 June 2009 measured data transfer IEC 60870-5-101:
capacitive current per feeder
IEC 60870-5-101 and -104:
additional commands for switching on/off controller and
detection function (Infonumber 779 and 780)
IEC 60870-5-103:
parameter according to AEG - system available
page 2 EFD20 V1.18

revision page June 2009
Overview
1. General
2. Technical data
3. Operation
4. Start up
5. Service
6. Messages / Malfunctions
7. Parameters
8. EFD20Term
9. Options
EFD20 V1.18 page 3

June 2009 Overview
page 4 EFD20 V1.18
Overview June 2009
Table of contents
Page
1 General .................................................................................................................................................................. 9
1.1 Safety ...................................................................................................................................................... 9
1.1.1 Hints & warnings ............................................................................................................................. 9
1.1.2 Operating instructions ..................................................................................................................... 9
1.1.3 Qualified personnel ......................................................................................................................... 9
1.1.4 Additional hints ................................................................................................................................ 9
1.2 Range of delivery ................................................................................................................................. 10
1.2.1 Standard ....................................................................................................................................... 10
1.2.2 Hardware options ......................................................................................................................... 10
1.2.3 Software options ........................................................................................................................... 10
2 Technical data .................................................................................................................................................... 11

2.1 Device description, data ........................................................................................................................ 11
2.2 Type tests .............................................................................................................................................. 11
2.3 Climate / protection degree ................................................................................................................... 11
2.4 Interface cables .................................................................................................................................... 12
2.5 Check and replace-ment of fuses ........................................................................................................ 12
3 Operation ........................................................................................................................................................... 13
3.1 Operation elements .............................................................................................................................. 13
3.2 Operation concept ................................................................................................................................ 14
3.3 Scroll wheel .......................................................................................................................................... 14
3.4 Display .................................................................................................................................................. 14
3.4.1 Overview display .......................................................................................................................... 14
3.4.2 Controller display ......................................................................................................................... 15
3.4.3 Detection display .......................................................................................................................... 15
3.4.3.1 Vector diagram .................................................................................................................... 16
3.4.3.2 Residual resistive ................................................................................................................ 16
3.4.3.3 Tripping sector ..................................................................................................................... 16
3.4.3.4 Feeder parameter Zu/Ic ....................................................................................................... 16
3.4.3.5 Feeder parameter Zu/ZF ..................................................................................................... 17
3.4.3.6 Fault current Ifw,b ................................................................................................................ 17
3.4.3.7 Fault parameter Ifw, Iw ........................................................................................................ 18
3.4.3.8 parameter overview ............................................................................................................. 18
3.4.3.9 Manual search for earthfault ................................................................................................ 18
3.4.4 Menu mode .................................................................................................................................. 19
3.4.5 Installed software version ............................................................................................................. 19
3.5 SPS - Editor .......................................................................................................................................... 20
3.5.1 Help - Editor ................................................................................................................................. 20
3.5.2 Line editor ..................................................................................................................................... 22
3.6 Service menu ....................................................................................................................................... 23
3.7 EFD20Term .......................................................................................................................................... 23
4 Start-up .............................................................................................................................................................. 25
4.1 Necessary preparations ....................................................................................................................... 25
4.1.1 Safety ........................................................................................................................................... 25
4.1.2 Mechanical mounting ................................................................................................................... 25
4.1.3 Electrical connection .................................................................................................................... 25
4.2 Start up instruction ................................................................................................................................ 26
4.2.1 Menu in/outputs ............................................................................................................................ 26
4.2.2 Basic preselection ........................................................................................................................ 28
4.2.3 Menu current injections, ECI ........................................................................................................ 31
4.2.4 Controller configuration ................................................................................................................ 31
4.2.5 Detection system configuration .................................................................................................... 31
EFD20 V1.18 Page 5

June 2009 Table of contents
Page
4.3 First check of controller ........................................................................................................................ 32

4.4 First check of detection ........................................................................................................................ 33
4.5 Enable software options ....................................................................................................................... 33
4.6 System configuration ............................................................................................................................ 33
4.6.1 Date and time ............................................................................................................................... 33
4.6.2 Language ..................................................................................................................................... 33
4.6.3 Communication parameter ........................................................................................................... 33
4.7 Final activities ....................................................................................................................................... 34
4.8 Commissioning report .......................................................................................................................... 34
5 Service ............................................................................................................................................................... 37
5.1 Control basics ....................................................................................................................................... 37
5.1.1 Earthfault compensation .............................................................................................................. 37
5.1.2 Control procedures ....................................................................................................................... 38
5.1.2.1 Impedance calculation by means of current injection ......................................................... 38
5.1.2.2 Redundancy control ............................................................................................................. 38
5.2 Detection basics ................................................................................................................................... 38
5.2.1 Advanced admittance method ...................................................................................................... 38
5.2.2 Wattmetric method ....................................................................................................................... 40
5.2.3 Modified Transient Earthfault method .......................................................................................... 40
5.2.4 Manual search for earthfault ........................................................................................................ 40
5.3 Controller parameters ........................................................................................................................... 40
5.3.1 Controller configuration ................................................................................................................ 40
5.4 Detection parameters ........................................................................................................................... 41
5.4.1 Admittance method ...................................................................................................................... 41
5.4.2 Wattmetric method ....................................................................................................................... 42
5.4.3 Transient earthfault method ......................................................................................................... 43
5.4.4 Directional ground fault protection ............................................................................................... 43
5.5 Evaluations ........................................................................................................................................... 44
5.5.1 Data recorder ............................................................................................................................... 44
5.5.2 Show statistics .............................................................................................................................. 44
5.5.3 Show important informations ........................................................................................................ 45
5.6 Regularly tests / maintenance .............................................................................................................. 47
5.6.1 Simple test .................................................................................................................................... 47
5.6.2 More accurate test ....................................................................................................................... 47
5.6.3 Functional test of detection .......................................................................................................... 48
6 Messages / malfunctions ................................................................................................................................. 51

6.1 Messages ............................................................................................................................................. 51
6.2 Controller messages ............................................................................................................................ 51
6.3 Detection messages ............................................................................................................................. 52
6.4 System components state messages .................................................................................................. 52
6.5 Malfunctions ......................................................................................................................................... 52
6.5.1 Start up ......................................................................................................................................... 52
6.5.2 Control function ............................................................................................................................ 54
6.5.3 Coupling detection ....................................................................................................................... 55
6.5.4 Detection function ........................................................................................................................ 55
6.6 Frequently asked questions ................................................................................................................. 56
7 Parameters ........................................................................................................................................................ 57
7.1 Enable options ...................................................................................................................................... 59
7.2 Basic preselections .............................................................................................................................. 59
7.2.1 Analog Inputs ................................................................................................................................ 59
7.2.2 Menu coil ...................................................................................................................................... 60
7.2.2.1 Plunger core coil .................................................................................................................. 60
7.2.2.2 Step coil ............................................................................................................................... 60
7.2.3 Current injection devices .............................................................................................................. 60
7.2.4 Detuning capacitor, EDC .............................................................................................................. 60
7.3 Controller configuration ........................................................................................................................ 61
7.3.1 Fixed coil ...................................................................................................................................... 61
7.3.2 Control behaviour ......................................................................................................................... 61
Page 6 EFD20 V1.18

Table of contents June 2009
Page
7.3.2.1 Multiple busbar operating mode .......................................................................................... 61

7.3.2.2 Fine tuning controller ........................................................................................................... 61
7.3.3 Options ......................................................................................................................................... 62
7.3.3.1 Fix coil control ...................................................................................................................... 62
7.3.3.2 Resistor control .................................................................................................................... 62
7.3.3.3 External power switch .......................................................................................................... 62
7.3.3.4 Control at earthfault ............................................................................................................. 62
7.4 Configuration of detection system ........................................................................................................ 62
7.4.1 Identifying groups ......................................................................................................................... 62
7.4.2 Admittance methode .................................................................................................................... 63
7.4.2.1 Trigger levels for earthfault .................................................................................................. 63
7.4.2.2 Trigger levels for recalculation ............................................................................................. 63
7.4.3 Wattmetric methode ..................................................................................................................... 64
7.4.3.1 Tripping characteristic type A .............................................................................................. 64
7.4.3.2 Tripping characteristic type B .............................................................................................. 65
7.4.4 Transient earthfault methode ....................................................................................................... 65
7.4.5 Directional ground fault protection ............................................................................................... 65
7.4.6 Automatic reclosing function ........................................................................................................ 65
7.5 Current injection, ECI ........................................................................................................................... 66
7.5.1 Time definitions ............................................................................................................................ 66
7.5.2 Inverse mode ................................................................................................................................ 66
7.5.3 Coupling detection via neutral to ground voltages ....................................................................... 67
7.6 In/outputs .............................................................................................................................................. 67
7.6.1 Programming PLC ........................................................................................................................ 67
7.6.2 Text definitions .............................................................................................................................. 67
7.6.3 Analog output characteristics ....................................................................................................... 67
7.6.4 Check in/outputs .......................................................................................................................... 67
7.7 System configuration ............................................................................................................................ 67
7.7.1 Data recorder ............................................................................................................................... 67
7.7.2 CAN - setup .................................................................................................................................. 67
7.7.3 Password assignment .................................................................................................................. 68
7.7.4 Communication parameter ........................................................................................................... 68
7.7.5 LAN settings ................................................................................................................................. 68
7.7.6 Scada system ............................................................................................................................... 68
7.7.6.1 Interface parameter ............................................................................................................. 68
7.7.6.2 Event configuration SPABus ................................................................................................ 69
7.7.6.3 IEC101 - protocol balanced ................................................................................................. 69
7.7.6.3.1 Event configuration ..................................................................................................... 69
7.7.6.3.2 Command configuration ............................................................................................. 69
7.7.6.3.3 Measurands configuration .......................................................................................... 69
7.7.6.3.4 Counter configuration ................................................................................................. 69
7.7.6.3.5 Manual search for earthfault ....................................................................................... 70
7.7.6.4 IEC103 -, IEC101&103 - protocol ........................................................................................ 70
7.7.6.4.1 Event configuration ..................................................................................................... 70
7.7.6.4.2 Command configuration ............................................................................................. 70
7.7.6.4.3 Protocol fine tuning ..................................................................................................... 70
7.7.6.4.4 IEC101 settings .......................................................................................................... 70
7.8 PLC programming ................................................................................................................................ 71
7.8.1 Internal variables .......................................................................................................................... 71
7.8.2 Operators ..................................................................................................................................... 71
7.8.3 PLC - functions ............................................................................................................................. 71
7.8.3.1 Delay DLY[0] ... DLY[63] ...................................................................................................... 71
7.8.3.2 Pulse function PLS[0] ... PLS[63] ........................................................................................ 72
7.8.3.3 Sample & Hold SH[0] ... SH[63] .......................................................................................... 72
7.8.3.4 FLIP FLOP FF[0] ... FF[63] .................................................................................................. 72
7.8.3.5 TIMER function TMR[0] ... TMR[63] .................................................................................... 72
7.8.3.6 Counter function CNT[0] ... CNT[63] ................................................................................... 72
7.8.4 Available input functions ............................................................................................................... 73
7.8.5 Output functions ........................................................................................................................... 74
EFD20 V1.18 Page 7

June 2009 Table of contents
Page
8 EFD20Term ........................................................................................................................................................ 77
8.1 Basics ................................................................................................................................................... 77
8.2 Minimum requirements to the PC ......................................................................................................... 77
8.3 Installation ............................................................................................................................................ 77
8.4 EFD20Term .......................................................................................................................................... 77
8.4.1 Menu File ...................................................................................................................................... 77
8.4.2 Menu Functions ............................................................................................................................ 78
8.4.3 Menu Settings .............................................................................................................................. 79
8.4.4 Menu View .................................................................................................................................... 80
8.4.5 Menu About EFD20Term .............................................................................................................. 80
8.5 EFD20Analyse ...................................................................................................................................... 81
8.5.1 Menu File ...................................................................................................................................... 81
8.5.2 Menu Edit ..................................................................................................................................... 81
8.5.3 Menu Zoom .................................................................................................................................. 82
8.5.4.Menu Settings .............................................................................................................................. 83
8.5.5 Menu View .................................................................................................................................... 83
8.5.6 Menu About EFD20 Analyse ........................................................................................................ 84
8.6 EFD20 Param ....................................................................................................................................... 84
8.6.1 Menu File ...................................................................................................................................... 84
8.6.2 Menu Edit parameters .................................................................................................................. 84
8.6.3 Menu Settings .............................................................................................................................. 84
8.6.4 Menu View .................................................................................................................................... 85
8.6.5 Menu About EFD20 Param .......................................................................................................... 85
8.7 PLC-Editor ............................................................................................................................................ 85
8.7.1 Command line .............................................................................................................................. 86
8.7.1.1 Menu Syntax check ............................................................................................................. 86
8.7.1.2 Menu Edit ............................................................................................................................. 86
8.7.1.3 Menu View ........................................................................................................................... 86
8.7.1.4 Menu Single commands ...................................................................................................... 86
8.7.1.5 Line assistant ....................................................................................................................... 86
9 Options .............................................................................................................................................................. 89
9.1 Scada - SPABus ................................................................................................................................... 89
9.1.1 Realisation in EFD20 ................................................................................................................... 89
9.1.1.1 Dialog between EFD20 and SPABus-Master ...................................................................... 89
9.1.1.2 Checksum and parity ........................................................................................................... 89
9.1.1.3 Internal processing of messages ........................................................................................ 89
9.1.2 Events ........................................................................................................................................... 89
9.1.3 Request of measured values ....................................................................................................... 91
9.1.4 Commands by Scada ................................................................................................................... 92
9.1.5 Switch replication ......................................................................................................................... 92
9.2 Scada IEC - Protokoll ........................................................................................................................... 92
9.2.1 Data units in supervision direction ............................................................................................... 92
9.2.2 Data units in command direction .................................................................................................. 94
9.2.3 Events IEC 103 protocol .............................................................................................................. 94
9.2.4 Commands IEC103 protocol ........................................................................................................ 95
9.2.5 Swith replication ........................................................................................................................... 96
9.2.6 Events IEC101 protocol ............................................................................................................... 96
9.2.7 Switch replication ......................................................................................................................... 97
9.2.8 Commands IEC 101 protocol ....................................................................................................... 97
9.2.9 Counter ......................................................................................................................................... 97
9.2.10 Measured data ........................................................................................................................... 97
9.2.11 Manual search for earthfault ....................................................................................................... 98
9.3 Resistor control .................................................................................................................................... 98
9.3.1 Temperature model ...................................................................................................................... 98
9.3.2 Home position OFF ...................................................................................................................... 99
9.3.3 Home position ON ........................................................................................................................ 99
9.4 Control at earthfault .............................................................................................................................. 99
9.5 External power switch ......................................................................................................................... 100
9.6 Fix coil control .................................................................................................................................... 100
9.7 Automatic reclosing unit ..................................................................................................................... 100
Page 8 EFD20 V1.18

Table of contents June 2009
If it is assumed that safe operation is not possible any
1 General more the device has to be switched off immedi-ately
and furthermore it has to be protected against
1.1 Safety unintentional reuse.
It has to be assumed that safe operation is not

1.1.1 Hints & warnings possible any more if the device:
Please note the following signs that are placed on the - is visibly damaged,
device or in the manual!
- has been exposed to unfavorable conditions i.e.
Attention for a period of time outside the rated climatic limits
(e.g. storage outside allowed climatic limits without
adaptation to the indoor environment, moisture
An important operation instruction, condition and so condensation and so forth) or
forth.
- has been exposed to heavy transport stress
(e.g. drop from great height without visible external
Hint damage and so forth).
An operation instruction, a practical application and so 1.1.3 Qualified personnel

forth which must be respected to avoid damage of the
device. are persons, acquainted to installing, mounting, put-
ting into service and operating the product and who
have the respective qualifications, e.g.
Warning
- Education resp. training and furthermore authori-
sation according to safety standards to switch on,
An operation instruction, a practical application and so switch off, to isolate, to earth and to mark circuits
forth which must be respected to avoid destruction of and devices.
the device or personal injury.
- Education resp. training and furthermore authori-
1.1.2 Operating instructions sation according to safety standards for mainte-
nance and use of suitable safety equipment.
The earthfault compensation controller EFD20 should
be operated resp. used only by qualified personnel - Training in first-aid.
and only according to the technical data in compliance
with the below mentioned security instructions and 1.1.4 Additional hints
standards. Additionally, all laws and safety regulations
applicable have to respected. - The product leaves the factory in a condition fulfil-
ling all safety requirements. To maintain this con-
dition and to allow safe operation the user has to
WARNING follow the hints and warnings in this manual.
- Prior to switching on the device the operator must

During operation of electrical devices some parts of check that the rated voltage of the device corre-
the devices are inevitably live. Disregarding the hints sponds to the used power supply.
may lead to severe injuries or damages.
- The operator must check that the protective earth
Proper transport, storage, installation and mounting terminals of the device (shown in the connection
and furthermore careful control and maintenance are diagram) are connected with earth. Any internal or
mandatory for faultless and safe operation of the external disconnection of the protective conductor
device. or unintentional disconnection of the protective
earth terminals may lead to dangerous condition
and is therefore not allowed.
EFD20 V1.18 page 9

June 2009 1 General
- Live parts may be exposed when opening cover 1.2.3 Software options
parts or removing parts. Also terminals may be live.
If opening of the device is necessary for ad- Controller function
justment, maintenance, repair or exchange of parts The Earthfault Compensation Controller calculates
the device has to be disconnected from all power the network parameters (resp. resonance point)
supplies prior. If then adjustment, maintenance, with the assistance of current injection.
repair or exchange of parts in live condition is
inevitable this has to be performed by skilled Control by external circuit breaker
personnel, acquainted to involved risks, only. Adjustment of the arc suppression coil (ASC) to a
Capacitors inside the device may still be charged predefined position if the circuit breaker is open.
even though the device is disconnected from all
power supplies. Automatic resistor control
Automatic connection / disconnection of a resistor
- The operator must check that only fuses accord- to alter residual resistive current or to dampen the
ing to the stated type and rated current are used neutral-to-ground voltage depending on the
for spare. Use of repaired fuses or shorting the resistors value.
fuse holder is not allowed.
Fix coil control
Automatic connection resp. disconnection of a
1.2 Range of delivery fixed-value coil if the tuning range of the adjustable
ASC is exceeded.
1.2.1 Standard Control at earthfault
If the earthfault voltage is exceeded, the ASC is re-
- EFD20 Base unit
adjusted to exact compensation. Only possible if
- 19" rack-mounting unit (6 HU)
the resonance point has been determined in the
- 4 pcs. serial interface RS232
healthy network condition.
(1x front-, 3x backside)
- Terminal program EFD20Term
Automatic reclosing unit
- Interface cable
Auto-reclosing of an earthfault affected feeder to
- Manual
obtain healthy network conditions.
German or English version
- Mounting material
SCADA
Screws, mating connectors
SPABus V2.4 dated 21.2.1992
- Spare fuses
IEC60870-5-101
IEC60870-5-103
1.2.2 Hardware options IEC60870-5-101 & 103
- EFX20 expansion device for maximum

9 pcs. Plug-in modules (digital in- / outputs)
- Plug-in module for additional 16 digital inputs
- Plug-in module for additional 16 digital outputs
- Cover strip (optical finish) for panel mounting
- Alternative power supply
page 10 EFD20 V1.18

1 General June 2009
2 Technical data
2.1 Device description, data 2.3 Climate / protection degree
The EFD20 is a modular designed device and will be
configured according to the requirements (amount of service: 0C ... +40C
analogue, digital in- / outputs). The device, the electri- temperatures storage: -25C ... +55C
cal and mechanical data are described in the project transport: -25C ... +70C
specific documentation. humidity class G according DIN 40040
protection class IP20
2.2 Type tests
Tests Standards Technical data
ins ulation tes ts ins ulation tes t tes t voltage 2 kV, 50 Hz, 1m in
IEC 255-5
im puls e voltage tes t tes t voltage 5 kV, unipolar
IEC 255-5 wave form 1,2/50
energy 0,5 J
dis turbing em is s ion radio nois e voltage 10 m from hous ing 40 dBV/m
EN 55022, IEC 255-25 30-230 MHz
230-1000 MHz 47 dBV/m
radio noise voltage net lines quas ipeak average
EN 55022, IEC 255-25 0,15-0,5 MHz 79 dBV 66 dBV
0,5-30 MHz 73 dBV 60 dBV
dis turbing im m unity EM-field am plitude m odulated 10 V/m (unm odulated, rm s )
hous ing EN61000-4-3 80-1000 MHz 80% AM (1kHz)
IEC 255-22-3
EM-field, dig. phone puls e m odulated 10 V/m (unm odulated, rm s )
EN61000-4-3/A1 900 +/- 5 MHz 50% ED
IEC 255-22-3 repeat frequency 200 Hz
ESD contact 6 kV
EN 61000-4-2 air 8 kV
IEC 255-22-2
dis turbing im m unity high frequency fields am plitude m odulated 80% AM (1 kHz)
lines EN 61000-4-6 0,15-80 MHz 150 Ohm s ource res is tor
IEC 60255-22-6 net lines 10 V (unm odulated, rm s )
interfaces 10 V (unm odulated, rm s )
in- and outputs 10 V (unm odulated, rm s )
fas t trans ient Tr/Th 5/50 ns 5 kHz
EN 61000-4-4 net lines 4 kV
IEC 255-22-4 interfaces 2 kV
in- and outputs 2 kV (peak)
1 MHZ burs t 1 MHz m uted Tr 75 ns
IEC 255-22-1 repeat frequency 400 Hz
200 Ohm s ource res is tor
net lines longitudinal voltage 2,5 kV
trans vers e voltage 1,0 kV
interfaces longitudinal voltage 1,0 kV
in- and outputs longitudinal voltage 2,5 kV
im puls e voltage
Tr/Th 1,2/50 s
EN 61000-4-5
only cable length > 10 m net lines longitudinal voltage 2,0 kV
in- and outputs longitudinal voltage 2,0 kV
voltage break net lines 100% reduction
IEC 60255-11 5, 10, 20, 50 m s
EFD20 V1.18 page 11

June 2009 2 Technical data
2.4 Interface cables 2.5 Check and replace-
ment of fuses
P C => C ontroller
(enclosed z ero modem cable) Remove the fuse clip at the backside of the device to
PC EFD2 0 check the main fuse F1. Hold the fuse against the light
9 pins fem a le 9 pins fe m a le or check the fuse by means of an ohmmeter resp.
pin pin continuity tester.
TXD 3 ----------------- 2 RXD If necesarry, replace the fuse by the one of the addi-
RXD 2 ----------------- 3 TXD tional supply material. Please don`t forget to put in the
GND 5 ----------------- 5 GND fuse module again.
CTS 8 ----------------- 7 RTS
RTS 7 ----------------- 8 CTS
DTR 4 ----------------- 1 DCD
DSR 6 6 DSR
DCD 1 ----------------- 4 DTR
PC => Controller
PC EFD20
9 pins fem ale 25 pins fem ale
pin pin
TXD 3 ----------------- 3 RXD
RXD 2 ----------------- 2 TXD
GND 5 ----------------- 7 GND
CTS 8 ----------------- 4 RTS
RTS 7 ----------------- 5 CTS
DSR 6 ----------------- 20 DTR
DCD 1 -- --- 8 DCD
DTR 4 ----------------- 6 DSR
P C / C o ntro ller => Modem
PC / EFD2 0 M ode m
9 pins fe m a le 2 5 pins m a le
pin pin
TXD 3 ----------------- 2 TXD
RXD 2 ----------------- 3 RXD
GND 5 ----------------- 7 GND
CTS 8 ----------------- 5 CTS
RTS 7 ----------------- 4 RTS
DTR 4 ----------------- 2 0 DTR
DSR 6 ----------------- 6 DSR
DCD 1 ----------------- 8 DCD
RI 9 ----------------- 2 2 RI
P C / C ontroller => Modem
PC / EFD2 0 M ode m
2 5 pins fe m a le 2 5 pins m a le
pin pin
TXD 2 ----------------- 2 TXD
RXD 3 ----------------- 3 RXD
GND 7 ----------------- 7 GND
CTS 5 ----------------- 5 CTS
RTS 4 ----------------- 4 RTS
DTR 2 0 ----------------- 2 0 DTR
DSR 6 ----------------- 6 DSR
DCD 8 ----------------- 8 DCD
RI 2 2 ----------------- 2 2 RI
page 12 EFD20 V1.18

2 Technical data June 2009
3 Operation
3.1 Operation elements
24 - line Display Power LED

53 characters per line, the last 2 lines contain the help The green LED is on. If not, please check the feeding
text available for the selected item. voltage and the fuse F1 at the back of the device.
Controller ON/OFF Scroll wheel:

Switches the controller between automatic and All inputs/adustments can principially be made by use
manual mode. of the scroll wheel only. However for start up and
especially input of alphanumeric characters it is
Detection ON/OFF recommended to use the EFD20Term program.
Switches the detection on/off.
LED indications-digital inputs:
Local The LEDs are directly wired to the digital inputs. Each
If the Local mode is active (Indication Loc in the up- LED shows the condition of the linked input (LED is
right edge of the display) the remote operation will be ON in case of HI-level).
blocked until the local mode is finished.
LED indications-digital outputs:
Motor up/down The LEDs are directly wired to the digital outputs.
Manual adjustment of the coil works only if the Each LED shows the condition of the linked output
controller is off. The motor is moving as long as the (HI-level in case of active contact).
button is pushed or an end switch is reached.
The meaning of the in- / output LEDs can be displayed
Error LED: on paper strips, which should be inserted into the win-
The error LED signalizes an error condition of the dows behind the cover plate. Blank forms for these
device. The errror definition contains predefined paper strips are stored on the installation CD.
elements but customer defined elements can be
added.
EFD20 V1.18 page 13

June 2009 3 Operation
Power switch: 3.3 Scroll wheel
The power switch disconnects the device from the
feeding voltage. Adjusted parameters are stored in a
The scroll wheel allows a simple and comfortable
permanent memory and will be available again at the
operation of the controller. Turning the wheel moves
next startup. That holds also true for all collected data
the rectangular, black cursor shown in the display.
until the disconnection of power occurred.
Pressing the wheel activates the function correspon-
ding to the actual cursor position. Changing between
Serial interface:
the different modes (on, off, menu) allows the pro-
The 9-pole RS232 interface (COM1) at the front side
gramming of all parameters possible without the need
is recommended for the use of the communication
of any additional operating elements.
program EFD20Term installed on a PC, which is
directly connected (by interface cable) to the EFD20.
Adjustment of contrast
3.2 Operation concept Push the scroll wheel at least 2 seconds. Then the
contrast is adjustable by turning the wheel. The adjust-
All Parameter for device programming are within a ment is stored by pushing the scroll wheel again.
menu, which is structured into three different user
levels. If desired, these menu levels can be protected 3.4 Display
with different passwords (please refer to chapter 7).
Operation level 3.4.1 Overview display

Only main parameter (Top Ten Parameter) for
correction of service performance are available The overview display shows the main information of
the controller and the detection system.
Commissioning level
All the parameters necessary for start-up
procedure (system settings) are available
Expert level
All parameter relevant for fine tuning of the device
are available for the advanced user. Also the
passwords for the menu levels can be changed on
this level.
The structure of the menu levels is fixed and can not

be changed.
Furthermore, due to the adaptive menu control para-
meters of not released options are not shown in the
display.
This operation concept ensures maximum clarity for

different users.
- The first line informs about the actual state of the
controller (ON/OFF, state of control procedure)
Online parameter adjustments:
- The second line informs about the actual state of
All settings in the EFD20 are made directly on the
the detection function (ON/OFF, state).
device by means of the scroll wheel or by remote
- In the third line the arc suppression coils
control via EFD20Term with(out) modem.
connected to network are mentioned; e.g.:
Offline parameter adjustments:
ASC 1 2 Both ASCs are connected.
All settings are done first at the PC only using the
Controller tunes ASC1.
program EFD20Param. The finished parameter file will
ASC 2 1 Both ASCs are connected.
be transferred to the EFD20. This method is especially
Controller tunes ASC2.
recommended for adjustments via modem, in order to
ASC 1-2 Both ASCs are connected.
reduce the necessary duration of the modem connec-
Busbar 1 and 2 are coupled.
tion.
ASC 1 ASC1 is connected. ASC2 is
switched off or not present.
ASC 1 off ASC1 is not connected.
ASC 1 off 2 ASC1 is not connected. ASC2 is
connected. (ASC2 is tuned by Slave)
page 14 EFD20 V1.18

3 Operation June 2009
In addition to the values already described in the
overview display the following values are shown:
Hint
V12 phase reference voltage.
Vo1 neutral to ground voltage ASC1
The message ASC1 off will be correctly updated on
Vo2 neutral to ground voltage ASC2
the screen, if the controller gets the feedback of the
Ieci1 injection current ASC1
ASC - disconnector (via auxiliary contact of the dis-
Ieci2 injection current ASC2
connector connected to a digital input of EFD20 and
Zu total asymmetry impedance of the network
external remote signal voltage).
Ro equivalent parallel resistor of the resonance
If the controller should operate with ASC1 and the
circuit (Ro = E1 / Id).
feedback of the ASC1 - disconnector isn`t available,
Zo equivalent impedance of resonance circuit
the input function MIF_ASC1_IS_ON must be set per
software (TRUE).
Selection of function if controller is on
FT ... forced trigger for tuning operation
On the left side of the display the resonance curve is
OFF...switch controller off
drawn. The screen image also includes the entire
D ... change display
tuning range of ASC and the following parameters:
I ... show important informations
S ... show statistics
Ipos actual coil position (the % value is
x ... change into menu mode
related to the upper end position)
Vo actual neutral to ground voltage. The % value
Selection of function if controller is off
corresponds to the secondary voltage of the
< ... coil movement in direction Imin
voltage transformer for 100V nominal voltage).
0 ... stop coil movement
Ires resonance point of the network. The % value is
> ... coil movement in direction Imax
related to the upper end position of the coil.
FT... forced trigger for tuning operation
Iv Difference Ipos - Ires. The % value is related to
ON ... switch controller on
the resonance point Ires.
Id Residual wattmetric current. The % value is
related to Ires.
x ... change into menu mode
On the right side the homopolar currents (amount and
phase)of the supervised feeders are shown. The con-
dition of seperate feeder is indicated. The following 3.4.3 Detection display
conditions can be inserted:
Healthy feeder condition ... Ok The following displays are available, if D will be
Alarm (high resistant earthfault) ... selected.
Earthfault (low resistant earthfault) ...
The selection of functions is done in the line below the
shown separation line and a short help text for the
selected function is available in the last two lines.
E.g. by selecting controller display the controller
screen will be activated.
3.4.2 Controller display
EFD20 V1.18 page 15

3.4.3.1 Vector diagram From the table it`s recognizable, if the minimum cur-
rent threshold (e.g. 1A) is exceeded (>) or the mea-
On the left side the vector diagram shows the neutral sured value is below the threshold (<) and if the cur-
to ground voltages of both networks and the sum of rent is situated (resp. the angle) within a free definable
zero sequence currents of the feeders. On the right sector (e.g. 60 ... 120).
side the current value and the conditions of the
feeders are listed.
3.4.3.4 Feeder parameter Zu/Ic
3.4.3.2 Residual resistive The table shows the calculated asymmetry impedan-
ces Zu and the calculated capacitve currents Ic per
The list shows the measured zero sequence current feeder.
(Io) per feeder and the calculated wattmetric parts of
these currents (the phase between Vo and Io is con- The phase angle of all Ic should be around 90 (ex-
sidered). All current values are related to primary side. ceptions: an external Petersen coil is located on a
The column Vo indicates the busbar, where the feeder or a coupling is present with another compen-
concerning feeder is closed in (0 means, that the sated network.)
feeder is switched off).
Above the table the amount of all wattmetric currents Above the amount of the capacitive current per net-
per network section (Vo1, Vo2) is displayed. work section (Vo1, Vo2) is inserted, which should
approximately fit to the value Ires, calculated by the
controller (it is assumed, that any fixed coil is closed in
the network or a known fixed coil is closed in).
3.4.3.3 Tripping sector
The measured zero sequence currents and the angles

(relative to Vo1) of supervised feeders are inserted (for The screen image of feeder parameter Yu/Ic inclu-
instance tripping sector 2). des the calculated asymmetry impedance Zu as cor-
page 16 EFD20 V1.18

responding admittance value Yu and the calculated 3.4.3.5 Feeder parameter Zu/ZF
capacitve current Ic per feeder.
The list shows the actual asymmetry impedances Zu
and the deviations ZF from the last calculation. The ZF-
value is only used as trigger to start a new cal-culation
(e.g. in case of an appearing high resistant earthfault or
a change in the feeder capacitance).
When using current transformes with less accuracy,

the angle of Ic can deviate fro 90, because the angle
error of those transfomers can considerably increase
at small signals. This effect also concerns the
asymmetry admittance Yu (reference value). In the
worst case this can lead to an under- or overfunction The screen image of feeder parameter Yu/YF inclu-des
of the earthfault indication, because the expected the actual asymmetry impedances Zu and the deviations
value of Io (as derived from the reference values) will ZF as corresponding admittance values Yu and YF.
not fit to the measured Io.
For the concerned feeders an alternative feeder model
can be chosen, which does not use a asymmetry
admittance Yu but a constant asymmetry current Iu.
This calculation will force the angle of Ic to be exactely
90.
In the following example the alternative feeder model
1 was used for feeder 2.
3.4.3.6 Fault current Ifw,b
The table includes the measured zero sequence current

per supervised feeder, the active component (Iw) and
the calculated fault currents consisting of the active
When using feeder model 1 an asymmetry current Iu

in A is displayed instead of the Yu-value in S.
EFD20 V1.18 page 17

resp. reactive components (Ifw, Ifb). All currents are 3.4.3.8 parameter overview
related to primary side.
The overview screen includes the following
parameters (e.g. for busbar 1):
- Vo1 ... neutral to ground voltage 1

- Ieci1 ... injection current 1
- Yu1 ... global asymmetry admittance
- Zu1 ... global asymmetry impedance
- Yo1 ... admittance of parallel resonant circuit
(LRC)
- Zo1 ... impedance of parallel resonant circuit
(LRC)
- Ro1 ... equivalent resistance for resonance
- Id1 ... network damping current
- Iv1 ... detuning current
- Vres1 ... voltage at resonance
3.4.3.7 Fault parameter Ifw, Iw
The table shows the active components (Iw) of the

mo-nitored feeders, the natural asymmetry (Yu), the
fault admittance (YF) and the active components (Ifw)
of the calculated fault currents. All currents are related
to primary side.
3.4.3.9 Manual search for earthfault
The screen image manual search for earthfault con-

tains the command line with the following functions:
ON ... reference values are calculated
in the closed loop
OFF ... end of the manual search for earthfault
TRIGGER ... estimation of the fault location in the
closed loop (EdC) or start manual
search without the closed loop
CLEAR ... clear the result of the fault location
A1 ... selection feeder 1 for the manual search
A2 ... selection feeder 2 for the manual search
page 18 EFD20 V1.18

Hint
During the menu operation controller and detection

functions stay active.
Exit menu
Turning the scroll wheel until the background of the

line Exit menu changes to black. After confirmation,
the query Store parameter or Exit without store ap-
pears. After replying the controller changes back to
the same display which was selected prior entering
the menu.
Parameter programming in the menu
Selection of a parameter is made by turning the scroll

wheel. A change is only possible after selection and
The earthfault is located by means of changes in the after pressing the scroll wheel. Readiness for change
currents (Io, Iw, Ifw) resp. in the feeder admittances is shown by flashing of the black cursor positioned at
(Yo, Yu). The distance of the fault location DIST is the actual setting. Turning of the scroll wheel until
inserted according to the determination as percentage display shows the requested setting of the parameter.
(reference is the total loop length) in the following way: For programming predefined words (eg on, off),
letters, numbers and some special signs (-) are avail-
DIST Iw ... earthfault is located by means of the able. By pressing the scroll wheel again the user
active component in the zero departs from the programming mode.
sequence current
DIST Ifw ... earthfault is located by means of the Change of parameter is confirmed by symbol 3 or
active component in the fault current rejected by symbol x. All performed changes are
POLYGON ... earthfault is located by means of stored only if the query Store parameter (prior to exit
changes in the zero sequence menu) is confirmed. All parameter settings remain
currents (EdC) safely stored if the power supply fails.
3.4.4 Menu mode 3.4.5 Installed software version

By selection of x in any window the device change The installed software version is shown in the headline
into the menu. at the beginning of the menu.
EFD20 V1.18 page 19

3.5 SPS - Editor SCROLL
Scrolling from one Token to the next by means of
<cursor left> and <cursor right> key.
By selection of programming PLC in the menu in- /
outputs the following window opens for programming
INS
of the PLC - file.
A new Token is inserted at the actual cursor position.
DEL
The Token at the actual cursor position is deleted.
EDIT
The Edit command opens the window, where the
Token will be replaced by SPS-function, variable,
operator or a comment (please refer chapter 7.8).
SCROLL
The program lines can be scrolled by means of
<cursor up> and <cursor down> key.
EDIT
A program line can be entered, after the line (or an
empty line) is scrolled by the cursor keys and the
edit function is selected.
By means of the edit command a help editor or a
Example: A counter should be programmed, counting
line editor will be called.
(step +1) the earthfault events in the
network.
3.5.1 Help - Editor
The counter function CNT[].INC is selected.
The help editor opens the window for comfortable
input of a program line and supports the programmer
by means of program elements (help assistant).
page 20 EFD20 V1.18

Counter CNT[3].INC is selected. The Save & Exit command stores the actual program
line, after the automatic synthax check is successfully
passed.
The output function OF[EARTHFAULT] is selected for

trigger to increment the counter.
A detected syntax error (e.g. ) is missing) can be
corrected and the Save & Exit command can be
executed again.
The counter is installed. The program line is stored at

the main window of the help editor. By selection of
previous menu you come back step per step (one
menu level) to the main window . After the program line is stored, the help editor will be
closed. The programming can be continued in the
PLC - editor.
EFD20 V1.18 page 21

INS The following editor - functions are available:
Insert an empty line at the actual cursor position.
DEL
Delete the line at the actual cursor position.
CUT
Delete the line at the actual cursor position. The line
can be inserted at any cursor position by means of the
Paste - function.
COPY
Copy the line at the actual cursor position. The line
can be inserted at any cursor position by means of the
Paste - function.
PASTE
Insert the content of COPY or CUT at the actual
cursor position.
SCROLL
The program line can be scrolled by the <cursor left>
X
and <cursor right> key.
Change to menu mode and store the parameters.
EDIT
Characters are typed in at the actual cursor position.
INS
Insert a blank at the actual cursor position.
DEL
Delete a character at the actual cursor position.
X
Cancel the actual program line.

Store the actual line after the synthax check is passed
successfully.
A detected syntax error (e.g. ) is missing) can be

3.5.2 Line editor corrected and the command can be executed
again.
The line editor fulfils the usual editor functions without
any help assistance.
page 22 EFD20 V1.18

3.6 Service menu 3.7 EFD20Term
After switching on the device for a short time the The terminal program EFD20Term (EFD20Param,
message For service routine press enter for the next EFD20Analyse) may be used for the following
3 sec. If you push the scroll wheel within this time the functions (detailed description chapter 8):
following menu appears for selection: - serial transmission and evaluation of the stored
measurement data
- change of parameter (online or offline)
- operation of the controller by means of a PC-
keyboard (also via modem connection)
- software update via serial interface
Software update
The software of EFD20 will be updated via the serial
interface. This function requires software update files
and password provided by Trench Austria.
language
German or English can be adjusted. Setting applies
only for the service menu.
date & time

Date and time can be set. Same setting is also
possible in the main menu.
reset parameters to factory adjustment

All parameters will be reset to factory settings, if the
item is confirmed YES. With NO you can escape.
check files
The checksum of the files will be verified and
damaged files could be recogniced.
reset counters
All counters (except working hours) will be reset to
zero, after confirming at YES.
check and repair flash disk

the flash disk is checked and repaired if necessary.
read EEPROM data

The hardware configuration is checked and actu-
alised in the device files.
check watchdog
With confirming at YES the device is forced into an
endless software loop. The watchdog function has to
recognice this and to iniate a reboot of the device after
10sec.
exit menu and start controller

The startup - procedure is continued.
EFD20 V1.18 page 23

page 24 EFD20 V1.18
- Replacement of fuses is done at the back of the
4 Start-up device. Hence, swing frame installation resp.
possibility for rear access is recommended. If fixed
4.1 Necessary preparations installation in wall-cabinet is used, appropriate
length of wiring (for necessary pulling out of the
4.1.1 Safety device) has to be considered.
4.1.3 Electrical connection

Warning
Connection diagrams for standard configurations
as well as terminal assignment are in the project
specific documentation.
Beside the general safety hints (see chapter 1) the
following hints have to be considered:
- Measuring and control circuits have to be protected
according to local standards.
- Personnel working at the ASC must not be endan-
- Arrange a clear and simple way of wiring.
gered by simultaneous coil adjustment via EFD20
- Capacitive or inductive interference of neighbour-
device.
hood cables may cause unintentional operation of
- Please observe, that the coil terminals can be live
digital inputs.
during current injection even if the coil is discon-
- The permissible signal limits for in- and outputs (see
nected from the network.
project specific information) must not be exceeded.
- Please note, that measuring circuit of the neutral-to-
- Please observe that DC-power-relays are equipped
ground voltage may rise to 110 V AC in the case of
with free wheeling diodes. Therefore the polarity of
an earthfault.
the control voltage as given in the connection dia-
- If messages from the EFD20 are generated for test
grams must not be changed.
purposes, control room staff should be informed
- Please observe that digital in- and outputs are
prior (otherwise messages might be further trans-
arranged in groups of 4pcs. with one common
mitted, e.g. earthfault message).
control voltage.
- Company regulations (e.g. authorisation for
- Use of shielded cables for measurement of neutral-
switching operations, safety) are to be followed.
to-ground voltage is recommended.
- Re-check the wiring prior before energising the
4.1.2 Mechanical mounting devices (EFD20, current injection), e.g.:
- Value/polarity of supply voltage
Dimensions of the device and outline for panel cut-out - Value/polarity of auxiliary voltages
are in the project specific documentation. - Function of movement commands to the ASC
- Function of end switches
- Connection of potentiometer or angle transmitter
Hint - Connection between current injection device and
power auxiliary winding of coil.
- Check the rotating field of the motor drive unit of the
- Re-check mechanical mounting of the device. Pay coil according to correct moving direction.
special attention in keeping required distances for - Check the current loops of all current measurements
cooling of the device. for correct connection. Normally clamp k from the
- Avoid any cutting operation in the near of the current transducer must be connected with clamp l
device. Never put small parts on top of the device, from the current input of the detection device.
they could enter unnoticed. - In the case of shielded middle voltage cables the
current on the cable shield (earthing cable) must be
lead back through the toroidal transformer in order
to eliminate the shield current from the measure-
ment.
EFD20 V1.18 Page 25

June 2009 4 start-up
4.2 Start up instruction Programming PLC
If the programming PLC command is called, the
window opens, which includes the PLC - file of the
Switch on the device (by means of main switch) and
factory settings. The PLC - file contains the in- and
wait until the device has finished the booting routine
output assignments for operation of the device.
and the overview screen is visible.
The program lines may be disposed in any way.
Additionally special predefined functions (time delays,
impulses, ect.) can be used (refer to chapter 7).
Select Change into menu mode and enter the menu

(standard password 2, if necesarry). Check resp. set
the date, time, language and the communication para-
meter in the menu System configuration. Examples:
IF(MIF_ASC_1_IS_ON) = IS_ASC_1_ON()
IS_ASC_1_ON is a predined function generated by
the switch replica, which checks if there is a closed
connection between ASC and starpoint. The state of
this function is assigned to the input function
MIF_ASC_1_ON (ASC1 is connected to the network).
DO(D0211)=OF(FEEDER_1_EARTH)
The digital output DO0211 is assigned to the output
function FEEDER_1_EARTH (earthfault on feeder 1).
Comments may be typed in the PLC - file and start

with character <;>.
Programming PLC by means of EFD20Param

The PLC-file can comfortably programmed in offline
mode by means of the program EFD20Param. The
PLC-programming in EFD20Param supports you with
4.2.1 Menu in/outputs a help assistant, who detects synthax errors and pro-
poses possible program elements.
Text definitions
Text definition, analog outputs

Strings can be typed in and assigned to analog out-
puts (e.g. Vo, Ipos, aso.). The analog signal is defined
in the PLC - file and assigned to a free programmable
0-20mA - output.
Page 26 EFD20 V1.18

4 start-up June 2009
Text definition, flags
Up to 127 flags (boolic variables) can be named. The
Hint
definition of the flag must also be made in the PLC -
file. The flags may be used for further processing and
the states of the variables are stored in the data buffer
of the device.
Necessary conditions:
Vo_min [%] < Vo_break [%] < Vo_max [%] and Vo_min
Analog output characteristics
[mA] < Vo_break [mA] < Vo_max [mA]
Two configureable 0-20mA outputs are available as
hardware option. The analog outputs can be con-
With logarithmic characteristic the range from log
nected to an external measuring instrument or to a
(Vo_min [%] ) to log (Vo_max [%] ) is represented by
remote control system.
the range Vo_min [mA] to Vo_max [mA].
In the PLC - file the signal (standard signals are: Vo
and Ipos) and the analog output characteristic is as-
signed to the analog output (refer to chapter 7).
Hint
The characteristic (linear, break, logarithmic) of an
analog output is adjusted in the menu in/outputs/
analog outputs/characteristics and is descriped in the Necessary conditions:
following by means of the neutral to ground voltage Vo_min [%] must be > 0 !
Vo.
With linear characteristic Vo_min [%] to Vo_max [%] is

linear represented by Vo_min [mA] to Vo_max [mA]
Hint for coil position Ipos

With break characteristic the two ranges Vo_min [%]
to Vo_break [%] resp. Vo_break [%] to Vo_max [%]
are represented by the corresponding [mA] ranges.
Usually a linear characteristic is assigned to the
analog output of coil position Ipos (PLC - file).
Please note, that the percentage of the coil position is
based on the maximum coil current (resp. upper end
position). Therefore the minimum coil current (resp.
lower end position) is about 8 - 20% according to the
tuning range of the ASC.
The fixed coil is considered on analog output signal, if
the input function IF[MIF_FIX_IS_ON] is active.
(100% corresponds to Ipos_max + I_fix).
Check in/outputs
The measured analog input values (ratio and phase
correction aren`t considered), the state of digital inputs
and input function are shown. The state of a flag or a
digital output can be changed for test purpose.
The principle function of the coil moving commands
(MOT_UP, MOT_DOWN) and the end switches
(MIF_END_I_MAX, MIF_END_I_MIN) can be
checked.
EFD20 V1.18 Page 27

4.2.2 Basic preselection Neutral to ground voltage Vo1, Vo2, (Vo3)
The ratio of the voltage transformer is set in order to
measure the neutral to ground voltages Vo1 and Vo2
(resp. Vo3).
Hint
If your ASC is designed for a higher voltage level than

actually used, the values have to be recalculated in
order to get a correct % - display of the voltages.
Example:
A coil is designed for 20 kV system voltage and
equipped with a measurement winding from 11.55 kV
to 100 V. If the coil is used in a 10 kV system, the ratio
of 5.77 kV to 50 V has to be programmed.
Text definition, device name, station name
A string for the device name and the station name can ECI1, ECI2, (ECI3)
be typed in. The total ratio for the measurement of the injected
currents Ieci1 and Ieci2 (resp. Ieci3) must be entered.
Analog inputs
The ratio of voltage, current instrument transformers Primary
are adjusted and the terminal of the analog inputs are The current is injected into the networks starpoint
assigned to channels (refer to project specific docu- via the power auxiliary winding of the coil. The
mentation). primary injected current I-Transf. prim is calcu-
lated with the following data:
- ratio of the power auxiliary winding (PAW)
- ratio of the current transformer inside the ECI,
e.g. : 10/1A Model 3: Secondary = 1A
Example:
A coil designed for 20 kV system voltage and a
transformer ratio of 11.55kV/500V for the PAW
gives the following result:
Primary = 10/(11550/500) = 0.433
COIL, Io1, .., Io32

The ratio of the ASC current instrument transformer
(COIL) and the ratio of the current instrument trans-
formers of the supervised feeders (Io1, .., Io32) are
typed in
Controller works with

Reference voltage V12 The adjustment ASC1/BB1/ECI1 means that the
The reference voltage is used for vectorial measuring controller operates with arc suppresion coil 1 and
of the voltages and the currents. calculates the network parameters with Vo1 and Ieci1
(default setting).
Hint Current injection devices
ECI1 installed
The reference voltage (approx. 50 - max. 110 VAC) The available current injection device is selected. If
must always be available and must be synchronous the controller operates with ASC1/BB1/ECI1 and this
with the supervised network. Therefore the reference item is set to No, the network will be tuned by redun-
voltage must not come from a frequency converter. dancy controlling (only in case of plunger core).
Page 28 EFD20 V1.18

ECI2 (ECI3) installed Plunger core coil
The available current injection devices are selected in
case of multiple busbar configuration. If the controller
is configured as slave, operates with ASC2/BB2/ECI2
(ASC3/BB3/ECI3) and this item is set to No, the net-
work will be tuned by redundancy controlling (only in
case of plunger core).
Menu coil
Coil calibration
This procedure adjusts the coil over the entire tuning
range and lasts a few minutes. It is not necessary to
connect the ASC with the network.
Coil typ
The type of the ASC is selected (plunger core or step
coil).
Imin, Imax
Input of Imin (minimum current) and Imax (maximum
current) as given on the coils rating plate.
Hint
If your ASC is designed for a higher voltage level than

actually used, the values have to be recalculated in After calibration is finished the following data of the
order to get a correct A - display of the coil position. Petersen coil resp. the potentiometer are shown.
Example:
A coil is designed for 20 kV system voltage with a no-
minal tuning range from 15 to 150 A. The tuning range
from 7.5 to 75 A has to be programmed, if the coil is
used in a 10 kV system.
Hint
In case of new coil data (Imin, Imax) the coil calibra-

tion - procedure must be performed.
Timeout coil
Maximum allowed time (without malfunction message
Coil motion error) from movement command to the
motor drive unit until change of coil position.
EFD20 V1.18 Page 29

Press scroll wheel and exit menu with storing of the At the menu coil caracteristics the values of ASC po-
parameters. s it io n ) can be entered into the column
in d ic a t io n
ASC
( I
Adjust the coil (controller is switched off) over the en- I and the values of controller display (ICONTROLLER) into
tire tuning range and compare coil position shown on the column Pot. After storing and exit of the menu,
the controller display and position indication mounted the display of controller matches with ASC position
on the ASC. If deviations of more than 2 % of the indication.
maximum coil current are noticed, the coil charac-
teristic should be linearised. After the calibration the
characteristic contains only the coil positions of the
minimum and maximum coil current.
Coil characteristics
Following possibilities for linearisation are available
(Maximum 64 base points can be used):
Example 1:
The following values are stated in coil test report
(for 1 kOhm potentiometer)
15 A 300 Ohm
60 A 450 Ohm
90 A 550 Ohm
120 A 660 Ohm
150 A 800 Ohm
Motor run time limit
A counter adds all movement times and subtracts all
These values can be programmed directly into the
times without coil movement. When exceeding the set
menu.
threshold a device malfunction is signalled.
Software limit switch Imin, Imax

Input of the upper resp. lower limit Imin, Imax (soft-
ware end switches), if the controller shouldn`t operate
with the entire tuning range of ASC. If the software
end switches are adjusted outside of the real range,
they are out of function.
Step coil
If the test report is not available the potentiometer

values can be measured by adjusting the ASC from
graduation mark to graduation mark and measuring
the corresponding resistance.
Example 2:
After calibration the following values are shown on
ASC position indication (IASC) resp. on controller
display (ICONTROLLER):
IASC [A] ICONTROLLER [A]

15 15
60 55
90 82
120 110
150 150
Page 30 EFD20 V1.18

Step coil interface 4.2.4 Controller configuration
According to the feedback of coil adjustment the
following interface types are available: Activated
The controller function is activated by setting of YES.
- serial type 1: The controller gets the feedback of an
adjustment via input function Compensation
MIF_STC_READY. Setting of a defined difference between tuning point
- serial type 2: The controller recognizes the coil and resonance point. The input of - determines
adjustment only via the change of the under-compensation, without sign over-compensation
potentiometer position (or via mA - is adjusted.
transmitter).
Options
Coil calibration The settings of the software options fix coil control,
The coil will be adjusted per step. After the delay time resistor control, external power switch, control at
for stable value the actual coil position [%] is stored to earthfault, automatic reclosing unit and Scada are
the coil characteristics. The maximum amount of descriped in chapter 7 and the functions in chapter 9.
steps is 64.
Coil characteristics
The coil position per step is stored to the coil charac-
4.2.5 Detection system configuration
teristics after the coil calibration procedure is finished.
If necessary, the measured coil position resp. the re-
sistance of the potentiometer can be corrected in the
coil characteristics.
Time definitions
The adjustment of the step coil is performed by means
of pulses. The pulse time and the interpulse period
(delay time) will be defined.
Minimum changes of the position sensor

An adjustment of the step coil is only recognized, if the
change of the actual potentiometer position is bigger
than the adjusted minimum changes.
Reset counters
All counters (except working hours) will be reset.
Activated
The detection system is activated by setting of YES.
4.2.3 Menu current injections, ECI
Identifying groups
Definition of operation All relevant connections of ASCs, transformers, bus-
The standard operation of the ECI Model 3 is the bars and feeders are defined in edit breaker position
bipolar cycle. If the ECI Model 3 isn`t available, this replication.
parameter should be set to unipolar.
Edit breaker position replication
Coupling detection via neutral to ground voltages The neutral to ground voltages Vo1, Vo2, (Vo3) are
The detection of a coupled state of network sections is assigned to the zero - sequence currents of the super-
performed by comparison of the neutral to ground vol- vised feeders via the switch replication.
tages. An external coupling (e.g. via feeder) can only
be recognized, if the parameter is set to YES (refer
to chapter 7).
EFD20 V1.18 Page 31

In the switch replication the measured neutral to 4.3 First check of controller
ground voltages (via voltage instrument transformers
of ASC or transformer measuring cubicle) are defined
as nodes Vo1, Vo2, (Vo3) and the current instrument
transformers of the feeders as nodes Io1, .., Io32.
Example 1:
The neutral to ground voltage 1 (node Vo1) is mea-
sured by means of the voltage instrument transformer
of ASC (node ASC1). The connection of node Vo1 to
node ASC1 can be handled as permanent connection,
it means, this connection can be set TRUE.
Example 2:
The neutral to ground voltage 1 (node Vo1) is mea-
sured by means of the voltage instrument transformer
at the transformer measuring cubicle (open delta). The
neutral to ground voltage 1 is correctly assigned to
busbar 1A (node BB1A), if the transformer is feeding
busbar BB1A. The ASC should be connected with the network to be
In the switch replication the flag M010 (is assigned to compensated. Prior, adjust the coil to the expected
digital input of transformer circuit breaker in PLC - file) tuning position. Switch on the controller (automatic
represents the breaker position of the transformer mode). According to the actual network condition the
circuit breaker to busbar 1A and connects node Vo1 following scenarios are possible:
and node BB1A.
Controller finds tuning position correctly
Example 3: Adjust the coil a couple of times manually towards
The zero - sequence currents of the feeders 1 - 4 smaller resp. higher current and let the controller tune.
(nodes Io1 - Io4) are correctly assigned to busbar 1A If possible, change the network configuration and test
(node BB1A), if the circuit breakers to busbar 1A of the controller with different tuning positions. Adjust the
the monitored feeders are closed in. main control parameter (see chapter 5) according to
In the switch replication the flags M011 - M014 (are your requirements.
assigned to digital input of feeder circuit breakers in
PLC-file) represent the breaker positions of the feeder Controller does not find any tuning position
circiut breakers to busbar 1A and connect nodes Io1 - A couple of reasons are possible. If the problems can
Io4 and node BB1A. not be solved with the assistance of the description in
chapter 6, please contact Trench Austria.
Page 32 EFD20 V1.18

4.4 First check of detection In case of approximately -90 phase shift the polarity
of the corresponding analog input signal must be
changed or the ratio of the instrument transformer
Select the detection display resp. vector graphics and
must be typed in with a negative sign.
switch the detection system on. The display shows the
measured zero - sequence current vectors and a table
In principle the device is ready for operation. The fine
including the amount and phase.
tuning of the controller resp. detection function is per-
formed by means of the parameters on the Expert
level (standard password <3>).
4.5 Enable software options

The software options will be enabled by typing in the
the correct passwords (please refer to delivered do-
cuments resp. back side of EFD20).
If the software option is enabled, the parameters are

available in the menu (Commissioning and Expert
level).
If the password has been entered correctly, the code

will be shown as 1.
Polarity check
The change of neutral to ground voltage during current Hint

injection can be checked (display: check polarities
with delta values).
Please note, that the serial number of the device must
be entered correctly for offline parameter settings with
EFD20Param. Otherwise the enabled options will be
disabled after transmision to EFD20.
4.6 System configuration

4.6.1 Date and time
Set the date and time. If the EFD20 is switched off,
the installed capacitor back - up unit stores the actual
date and time for approximately 12 hours.
4.6.2 Language
As first step the actual values must be stored as new Available languages are German and English.
references by selection of R in the command line.
All delta values are reset to zero. Now a change can 4.6.3 Communication parameter
be achieved by switching on the ECI device. The delta
values are different to the stored references. During The adjustments of the terminal address and the baud
healthy network conditions a feeder has more or less rate on EFD20 must correspond to the settings in the
pure capacitive behaviour. The pase shift between terminal program EFD20Term.
delta Io and delta Vo must be approximately +90
(assumption: an external ASC isn`t closed in). COM1
The serial interface COM1 at the front of EFD20 has
predefined settings (115200 bd, terminal address) and
is to be used for remote operation via PC/Laptop and
terminal program EFD20Term (direct connection).
EFD20 V1.18 Page 33

COM2 - COM4
It`s recommended to connect COM2 - COM4 at the
backside of EFD20 with a modem or Scada system.
Terminal address
For communication of EFD20 with a PC the set ad-
dress has to correspond with the used address in the
terminal program EFD20Term. By the use of different
terminal addresses, it is possible to communicate with
multiple EFD20 devices via only one modem.
The EFD20 devices are connected to the modem via
an interface distribution box. An integer in the range of
0 - 15 is used as terminal address.
Baudrate
Standard transmission rates between 1.200 - 115.200
baud are available.
4.7 Final activities

After the programming of the controller and the
detection system download the adjusted parameters
by means of EFD20Term to your PC and store the file
in a suitable manner.
Note date and time of commissioning, device and

order data and anomalies, which possibly occurred.
You can use the attached commissioning report for
this purpose.
4.8 Commissioning report

On the next two pages a blank form for documentation
of your commissioning is provided.
Page 34 EFD20 V1.18

Title Page
Commissioning report of
EPSY-Components 1/2
Document No Rev Author Approved Date

- 0 - - -
Customer : __________________________________________
Customer reference : __________________________________________
Station : __________________________________________
Order No : __________________________________________
Type : __________________________________________
Fabrication No : __________________________________________
Progress report: (strike out which does not apply resp. add what is missing)
1. Wiring checked yes / no

comment: ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2. General function checked

EFD..... yes / no
comment: ______________________________________________________
EF....... yes / no
comment: ______________________________________________________
EF....... yes / no
comment: ______________________________________________________
ECI yes / no
comment: ______________________________________________________
EDC yes / no
comment: ______________________________________________________
3. Settings
EFD.... yes / no
EFC.... yes / no
EFC.... yes / no
ECI adjust to _____A
EDC adjust to _____A
Distribution Customer,VP2, (Akt) Directory

Form No: 60-057011 Rev: 1 Author: VP2-Le Approved:VP-Po Date: 6 May 2004
Form Distribution: Q,VP,VP2 Form directory:G\IMS-Dokumente\60-...
Form source: Q2-1401-E,Rev 0,TP4-Of from 31 Jan 2001
This document must not be copied without our written permission, and the contents thereof must not be imparted to a third party nor be used for
any unauthorized purpose. Contravention will be prosecuted. All rights reserved. TRENCH AUSTRIA GMBH
Title Page
Commissioning report of
EPSY-Components 2/2
Document No Rev Author Approved Date

- 0 - - -
4. System tests
EFD....
comment: ______________________________________________________
EF......
comment: ______________________________________________________
EF......
comment: ______________________________________________________
ECI
comment: ______________________________________________________
EDC
comment: ______________________________________________________
Options:
modem; ______________________________________________________
SCADA ______________________________________________________
further ______________________________________________________
5. Customer training yes / no
6. Documentation, software hand over

comment: Parameterfile, EFCTerm / EFDTerm ___________________________
7. Open points: _________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
Device ready for operation: yes / no
comment: ______________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Commissioning: at: _______________ date: _______________
Trench Austria GmbH Customer
This document must not be copied without our written permission, and the contents thereof must not be imparted to a third party nor be used for
any unauthorized purpose. Contravention will be prosecuted. All rights reserved. TRENCH AUSTRIA GMBH
Ic capacitive discharge current of the
5 Service system. At exact tuning (Ipos = Ic) the
neutral-to-ground voltage measured on
5.1 Control basics the ASC (sound network condition)
reaches its maximum ("resonance -
point"). Inside the controller this
5.1.1 Earthfault compensation value is named Ires
Earthfault compensation (arc suppression) is based Detuning current Iv (v)

on the principle, that the capacitive part of the fault Variation of the adjustment of the ASC from the
current at fault location can be equalised resonance point. Detuning at the resonance point
(compensated) by the inductive current of the ASC. is zero (v = 0).
Hence, with ideal compensation only a very small Iv (A) = Ipos - Ic v(%) = Iv / Ic
resistive residual current flows over the fault location.
E1 Asymmetry Zu (k)
E2 Due to the geometrical arrangement of the
N
conductors the phase-to-ground capacitances are
E3
not equal. For the equivalent diagram a mean
V1
C C C
V3
V2 capacitance C and a capacitance dC of one phase
Vp L (causing the asymmetry) are assumed.
Zu = 1/(dC) k = dC/3C.
2 3 Damping curent Id (d)

Leakage resistances and losses of the ASC
N dampen the resonance circuit formed by the ASC
V21 V31 and the line capacitances. Id is the residual
wattmetric current and cannot be compensated by
the ASC.
Id(A) = E/Ro d = Id/Ic
1 Resonance curve
In systems with natural asymmetries (k > 0) the
necessary inductive compensation current for the
single-phase fault condition can be predetermined
1,2,3 phase identification in the healthy network condition. By variation of the
V1,V 2,V 3 phase voltages ASCs inductivity the following characteristic shape
Vp neutral-to-ground voltage of the neutral-to-ground voltage is received
E1,E 2,E 3 secondary voltages of the main
transformer
N neutral
GND earth (ground)
V21,V31 phase-to-phase voltages
C phase-to-ground capacitance
L inductance of the adjustable arc
suppression coil (ASC, Petersen coil)
IC21, IC31 capacitive fault current
IC sum of the capacitive currents
IL inductive compensation current of the
ASC
The compensated system can be described by the

following parameter:
Ipos adjusted current of the ASC (= IL)
EFD20 V1.18 Page 37

June 2009 5 service
5.1.2 Control procedures circuit formed by L, R and 3C and leads to a change
of the neutral to ground voltage dVo.
For description of the control procedures the following Because of the vectorial measurement of voltage and
definitions are necessary. current the complex zero sequence impedance Zo of
the resonance circuit can be calculated.
Compensation degree (Detuning v)
In case of under-compensation (v < 0) the capacitive
leakage current is not fully compensated by the induc-
tive current of the ASC. Over-compensation (v > 0)
means, that the inductive current is greater than the
capacitive leakage current. From this data the active and the reactive part of the
fault current (during solid fault) can be calculated.
Middle position of the coil If the coil position is known (potentiometer), the
The so called middle position of the coil can be set by resonance point of the network can be derived.
a parameter in the EFD20 (factory setting: 50 % of the
maximum coil current). If necessary, the controller adjust the coil to the calcu-
lated tuning point. Switching operations during the coil
Tuning point adjustment are recognised by supervision of the
The tuning position is the final adjustment point of the course of neutral to ground voltage.
Petersen coil, calculated on the basis of the
resonance point with consideration of an eventual The EFD20 generally uses the impedance method.
under- or over compensation. The control by means of the current injection offers
the following advantages:
System perturbations
are variations of the network that have an effect on the - The network parameters can be calculated without
neutral-to-ground voltage. Switching operations or coil adjustment.
damping variations (e.g. due to weather) are not - The calculation therefore is fast.
considered to be system perturbations. - The controller also works in symmetric networks with
very small neutral to ground voltage. By means of
Possible reasons for system perturbations are, for inverse mode a permanent increase of neutral to
example: ground voltage is possible and therefore a reliable
criterion for necessary tuning operations is available.
- Variation in symmetry of system voltage due to - After an eventual coil adjustment the tuning point will
inexact symmetric voltage control. be checked once more.
- Asymmetric load variation. 5.1.2.2 Redundancy control

Via the series impedance of the lines, the load
current influences via the series impedances of If the current injection is not available any more, the
the lines the neutral-to-ground voltage. device automatically changes to a control method
based on coil adjustments (redundancy control only
for plunger core coil).
5.1.2.1 Impedance calculation by By adjusting the inductivity of the ASC and measuring
means of current injection the neutral-to-ground voltage the resonance curve
(resp. locus diagram) can be determined.
In order to reach the highest possible tuning accuracy
the resonance peak is passed at least once, before
the tuning point is finally reached.
5.2 Detection basics

L R 3C
5.2.1 Advanced admittance method
The global network parameters (Zu, Zo) and the indivi-
dual feeder parameters (Zu_n, Ic_n) are calculated by
In the sound network the neutral to ground voltage is means of a defined detuning (current injection) and
caused by the asymmetry impedance Zu. An addi-
tional injected current dIECI flows into the resonance
Page 38 EFD20 V1.18

5 service June 2009
stored as references, if the detection system will be Io_n ... measured zero sequence current feeder n
switched on during healthy network conditions. Vo ... neutral to ground voltage
Ic_n ... capacitance current feeder n
Equivalent circuit diagram of the entire network XC_n ... line capacitance feeder n
Global view Iu_n ... asymmetry current feeder n
Zu_n ... asymmetry feeder n
Iu E1_n ... asymmetry feeding voltage feeder n
The expected zero sequence current (Io_nDESIRED)

can be calculated by means of the neutral to ground
Zu=1/Yu
~ E1
vol-tage, if the individual feeder parameters (Zu_n,
XC_n) are known. Each deviation of the measured
zero sequence current (Io) from the expected current
Ieci will be interpreted as individual fault current (IFault_n).
Since the case of a change in the line length - due to a

switching operation in the network - effects an indivi-
XL Ro 3XC
dual fault current, an independent calculation (change
of the global network asymmetry) will be performed.
Vo
The evaluation of an earthfault is defined by the
change of the global network asymmetry Zu.
An earthfault exists, if the fault impedance ZF (change

of the global network asymmetry Zu) is less than the
Vo ... neutral to ground voltage adjusted ALARM / EARTHFAULT - threshold or the
Ieci ... injected current global network asymmetry Zu falls below the adjusted
XL ... Petersen coil threshold (trigger level global asymmetry Zu).
Ro ... global network losses
XC ... global network capacitance The earthfault is located on the feeder with the highest
Zo ... global network impedance Zo=XL||Ro||XC=1/Yo actice component of the calculated fault current
Zu ... global network asymmetry Zu = 1/Yu (comparing procedure).
E1 ... global asymmetry feeding voltage
Iu ... global asymmetry current In principle the detection system uses the advanced
admittance method. This method offers the following
advantages:
Equivalent circuit diagram of one feeder - Possible existing noises in the zero sequence
Individual view currents influence the calculated natural asymmetry
impedances of the feeders. These impedances
Iu_n aren`t used for detection of the earthfault (excep-
tion: the detection system is switched on at very
Zu_n=1/Yu_n high neutral to ground voltage - please refer to
Wattmetric method).
~ E1_n - The criteria - to store the references - are derived
from the global network parameters, since they are
out of influences.
- The use of references allows the calculation of fault
Io_n currents, which are free of constant influences and
instrument transformer`s angle accuracy, since they
are already considered in the references.
XC_n - By compensation of constant faults the possibilities
to detect and to locate high and low resistant earth-
faults are essentially improved against Wattmetric
Vo
relais even during bad conditions (e.g. ring confi-
guration, Holmgreen circuit, a.s.o.).
Ic_n
EFD20 V1.18 Page 39

June 2009 5 service
5.2.2 Wattmetric method The individual feeder parameters (admittances) are
stored as references during the closed loop configu-
If the detection system will be switched on during an ration (refer to chapter 3.4.3.7: function ON). The
existing earthfault (very high neutral to ground vol- changes in the individual parameters are always
tage), the current injection can`t be used anymore. evaluated, if the loop is opened.
The line admittance (asymmetry) increases as ex-
Since the network and line parameters aren`t avail- pected in the faulty feeder, it means, that the fault
able, the calculation of the fault impedance ZF isn`t admittance is represented in the individual feeder
possible. The detection system operates with the asymmetry. In the sound feeder the line admittance
Wattmetric method combined with the Transient fault decreases.
method till the use of the current injection will be al- A new calculation is initiated by means of function
lowed again. TRIGGER (refer to chapter 3.4.3.7) at open ring con-
figuration. The actual earthfault signal will be reset
The sound network condition are defined by the actual resp. a new earthfault message will be generated.
global network asymmetry impedance Zu.
5.3 Controller parameters
In case of an earthfault, it means, that the global net-
work asymmetry impedance Zu falls below the thres- The following menu items can be reached in the
hold Zu-Alarm, all feeders will be signalized as faulty expert level. (standard password 3). Items already
feeders, where the individual asymmetry impedance mentioned under Start up are not mentioned again.
Zu_n is less than the Alarm / Earthfault - threshold Some parameters which are seldom used are only
(adjustable per feeder). Possible influences of load mentioned in chapter 7.
current should be considered at the adjustment of the
individual thresholds.
5.3.1 Controller configuration
5.2.3 Modified Transient The relevant parameter are summarised in the
Earthfault method submenu Controller configuration / controller
behaviour.
During a restriking earthfault peaks in the zero se-
quence currents and very steep rises in the neutral to
ground voltage can be observed at the repeated igni-
tion of the lightning arc.
The principle of the detection of a restriking earthfault

is the evaluation of the transients in the voltage and in
the currents. The modified transient earthfault method
offers the following advantages:
- The determination and the data acquisition in the

EFD20 are furthermore improved.
- The modified transient earthfault method is very
reliable due to the evaluation of relativ big signals.
- The transient earthfault method has the highest
priority against the other methods (operating with
50 Hz - components), because during a restriking
earthfault transient signals without any period Vo trigger level
appear. The neutral to ground voltage is stored as reference
after each control procedure. A new control procedure
5.2.4 Manual search for earthfault is started, if the actual neutral to ground voltage Vo
exceeds the trigger circle (in % of the reference) for
Suitable switching operations (e.g. closing of loop longer time than the preset trigger delay time.
configuration and opening at serveral positions along
the loop) will be performed in the network during the Trigger delay time
manual search for an earthfault. The fault affected A new control procedure is started only if the neutral to
piece of line should be located by monitoring of faulty ground voltage exceeds the trigger circle longer than
signalized feeder. this time. In order to avoid unnecessary control opera-
tions (due to fluctuating neutral to ground voltage) this
time should not be set too short. The usual range is
between 30 and approximately 120s.
Page 40 EFD20 V1.18

5 service June 2009
Periodical check of the tuning state 5.4 Detection parameters
The resonance curve is checked by means of the ad-
justed intervall. This function will be disabled by input
The following menu items can be reached in the
of 0 (standard setting).
expert level. (standard password 3). Items already
mentioned under Start up are not mentioned again.
Voltage at earthfault
Some parameters which are seldom used are only
In case of an earthfault the controller blocks the coil
mentioned in chapter 7.
movement immediately. If this happens during control
procedure or if the earthfault lasts longer than the pro-
grammed time for transient earthfault, a forced trigger
is released after the earthfault vanishes. Hence, the
controller performs a control operation in any case.
Transient earthfault time

An Earthfault (Vo > Vearth) lasting less than the adjusted
delay is handled as transient earthfault. The amount of
transient earthfault events is counted.
Fine tuning of controller
5.4.1 Admittance method
Coil middle position

Only in the redundancy mode, the controller starts a
tuning search always in direction of the adjusted mid-
dle position.
Tollerated mismatch
The tollerated mismatch defines a tolerance between
the actual coil postion and the calculated tuning point. Use admittance method up to [V]
E.g. if the calculated tuning point is 170 A and the tol- The admittance method is used up to the adjusted
lerated mismatch is 5 A, then coil positions between voltage level. If desired, the selective earthfault mes-
165 A and 175 A will be accepted as tuning position. sages can be released by means of the wattmetric
method at neutral to ground voltages above the
Maximum tries of tuning operations adjusted voltage threshold.
If the controller can not tune the network by means of It is recommended to use the admittance method over
the current injection after the adjusted amount of trials, the entire voltage range, it means, the threshold
the controller changes automatically to the redun- should be set bigger than 100% of the total neutral to
dancy mode (only in case of a plunger core). ground voltage.
EFD20 V1.18 Page 41

June 2009 5 service
Periodical recalculation transformers) may be reduced, also the wattmetric
The feeder admittances will be periodically updated losses in the network decrease at smaller neutral to
(resp. new calculated) per adjusted period. ground voltage.
Big changes of the admittances will be recognised by
an automatic trigger process, therefore the setting of Tripping characteristic (type) A
less than 30min is not recommended.
The detection operating behaviour corresponds to a
Trigger levels for earthfault standard relay with wattmetric trigger characteristic. All
The change of the global asymmetry (ZF = 1 / YF) is feeders fulfilling the tripping criterias are signalized as
estimated by the change of the neutral to ground faulty feeders. The operating behaviour with tripping
voltage. If the fault impedance (ZF) exceeds the characteristic A is identical to the wattmetric method
adjusted trigger threshold, a recalculation is initiated. applied in the past.
The evaluation of a high resp. low resistant earthfault

is performed by means of two different levels (ALARM,
EARTH).
The trigger levels for the global asymmetry (Zu=1/Yu),

the ALARM / EARTH - threshold per feeder and the
delays are adjusted.
Trigger levels for recalculation

Any change of the line capacitance due to switching
operation in the network leads to a change of the
neutral to ground voltage and the zero sequence
currents, similar like a high resistant fault. The calcu-
lation resp. check of the line capacitances is auto-
matically triggered, if the fault impedance falls below
the adjusted threshold of a high resistant earthfault
(threshold and delay for recalculation is adjustable per
Angle precision of current transformers
feeder). A high resistant earthfault is only signalized
Phase inaccuracy of the current instrument transfor-
after the recalculation by means of the current injec-
mers may lead to the calculation of not real wattmetric
tion has been finished.
components in the zero sequence currents. The angle
precision defines a sector which limits the faulty area
5.4.2 Wattmetric method in the complex plane.
Threshold wattmetric current Iwatt

Wattmetric currents (Iw) above the individual threshold
will lead to the indication of the corresponding feeder.
The adjustment of the threshold must also consider,
that the wattmetric current is reduced at smaller
neutral to ground voltage.
Voltage threshold (primary)

The wattmetric protection is restricted down to the
adjusted voltage threshold. At lower voltages the
accuracy of current instrument transformers (toroidal
Page 42 EFD20 V1.18

5 service June 2009
Tripping characteristic (type) B 5.4.4 Directional ground fault
protection
By means of the following parameters a sector (maxi-
mum three sectors) can be defined for detection of a
faulty feeder (for instance, sector 67N.2).
The expected wattmetric current (damping current Id

is shown on the controller display) has to be typed in
per busbar. By means of the threshold factor a global
threshold for all feeders per busbar is determinated,
for instance, Id1 x F1 for busbar 1.
The multiplication with this threshold and the actual
measured neutral to ground voltage is performed. In Activate
comparison to a solid fault, the result of the multipli- The factory settings of tripping sector 67N.2 can be
cation delivers a higher sensitivity for high resistant used for ground fault detection in networks with
earthfault at lower neutral to ground voltages. isolated neutral point. If desired, the parameter
Standard relais for recognizing high resistant faults Activate of trip-ping sector 67N.2 has to be set to
have to be adjusted with high sensitivity and carry the YES (the factory setting is NO for all sectors).
risk to deliver wrong indications at a solid fault and an
inaccuracy of the measurement. Activate sector 67N.2 per feeder
On the selected feeders (activate = 1) the evaluation
of the faulty feeder is performed according to the fur-
5.4.3 Transient earthfault method ther adjustments (thresholds) of sector 67N.2.
This method works similar like standard transient re- Threshold Vo

lays, however specially adapted to intermittend faults If the voltage Vo exceeds the adjusted threshold (pri-
(parameters are described in chapter 7). mary resp. secondary), an earthfault is on the network.
Threshold Io_Min
Adjustment of minimum zero sequence current Io (pri-
mary resp. secondary). If the current doesn`t exceed
the minimum threshold, the ground fault isn`t detected.
Angle ALPHA, angle BETA

The limits (ALPHA, BETA) of the relative angle of zero
sequence current to the voltage Vo are adjusted. The
positive values are counted in clockwise direction.
A faulty feeder is detected, if the voltage and current

thresholds are exceeded and the relative angle of the
zero sequence current W_Io_relativ to the voltage Vo
is bigger than angle ALPHA and smaller than
BETA.
Settings of hysteresis and relapse ratios

For instance, healthy network conditions are recog-
nized, if the voltage Vo drops down below threshold
(e.g. 1000 V) * relapse ratio (e.g. 50%) = 500 V after
an earthfault event. Hysteresis for the limits angle
ALPHA and angle BETA are also adjustable.
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June 2009 5 service
5.5 Evaluations All counters (except operating time) can be reset to
zero (commissioning level, menu basic preselection).
5.5.1 Data recorder Controller statistics
The device is equipped with a ring buffer for 2000

measurement points. If the buffer is full, a backup-file
is written onto the internal flash disc. The following
data are recorded:
- Date, time
- Analog input signals (Vo, Ieci, Io, Ipos, aso.)
- Network and line parameters
- In- and output functions
- 128 variables (defineable)
The data buffer and the backup-files are loaded and

evaluated on a PC/Laptop by means of the program
EFD20Term (refer to chapter 8).
5.5.2 Show statistics

By selection of S in the controller or detection Detection statistics
screen, following statistic information can be selected:
Feeder statistics
Statistics EFD20
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5 service June 2009
5.5.3 Show important informations Input functions
The input function MIF_ASC_1_IS_ON indicates,
By selection of I the following informations can be that the ASC1 is connected to the network (e.g. this
displayed: information can come from an auxiliary contact of the
coil disconnector via a digital input on EFD20).
Fault informations
EFD20 serial numbers

The reference voltage V12 is used for vectorial mea- The serial number (e.g. S/N: 2033031109) of the
suring of the voltages and the currents. If the amount EFD20 and of the installed modules are inserted.
of the reference voltage falls below 10% of the nomi-
nal voltage (refer to chapter 4.2.2), useful measured
values aren`t available. The EFD20 generates an error
signal, the fault information screen describes the error
reason.
Output functions
As long as the controller (detection system) is
switched on, the output function CONTR_IS_ON
(DET_IS_ON) is activated.
The output function TUNED indicates, that the con-
troller tuned the network correctly.
Display event list
The event list can include the following events:

- flags (refer to chapter 7, text definition)
- earthfault signals (alarm, earth, trip)
- switch off/on commands of Automatic Reclosing Unit
- RESET PLC after storing the parameters
- REBOOT last start up of EFD20 device
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June 2009 5 service
The following example informs about:
- RESET EVENTLIST: the event list was reset

(e.g. at the expert level)
- RESET PLC: the menu was left and the parameters

(and PLC - file) were stored
- EARTH Io02Abgang 2: an earthfault is on feeder 2,

c ... signal coming, g ... signal going
- EARTH busbar 1: global earthfault signal for bus-

bar 1, feeder 2 is connected to busbar 1
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5 service June 2009
5.6 Regularly tests / Remote control:
Ask for remote operation according to the existing
maintenance possibilities (auto/manual/up/down/...) and check the
correct operation and feedbacks. Check the indicated
The EFD20 signalizes a lot of operational errors by its coil position at EFD, coil and to remote operation
own. A regularly check on occasion or according to centre.
the users internal regulations is nevertheless
recommended, in order to recognize any eventual 5.6.2 More accurate test
problems of the device function.
The following descriptions should just be a guideline These test require a modification of the devices
or suggestion how to perform such tests, however wiring. Necessary are :
they do not claim to completeness.
- PC with terminal software and cable
5.6.1 Simple test - Multimeter
- Test generator for test signals (currents, voltages)
The device remains in operation, there are no - cables, sockets,.. for the test circuit.
modifications necessary on the wiring.
A check of the EFD20 function can be done in the
Control function: following way:
- switch the device to manual mode
- detune the coil manually as far as possible, however
as a minimum out of the range for tolerated mismatch.
Attention
- switch back the device to automatic mode.
- after the trigger delay the controller calculates the
resonance point and adjust back the coil to the tuning
During the checks as described in the following,
point.
the normal function of the device is no more
- The controller calculates again at the estimated new
guarantied. Additionally signals could be
tuning point and sets the tuned - message if the coil
generated which are not related to the normal
position is ok.
operation of the device. Control and detection
- Check the behavior of the controller in regard of the
therefore should be deactivated, the remote
set tuning parameters. The obtained tuning point must
control blocked and the people in the operation
fit according to the chosen compensation degree and
centre should be informed about such activities.
the tolerated mismatch
The connection of the device must fulfill all
relevant safety regulations (e.g. PE-conductor,
Detection function:
supply voltage in regular range, etc.)
- switch off the detection, then on again, or start a
forced trigger calculation. Check the calculated Ic-
During the tests the necessary attention must be
values of the feeders and their angles, which
paid, when potentially dangerous voltages are
approximately should be +90.
used !
At extremely short feeders or in case of parallel
feeders, bigger deviations can be possible and
sometimes it becomes difficult to decide whether the
A.) Control of hardware :
polarity is correct or not.
If the condition of the network was not changed too
1.) Operation elements: Check the scroll wheel.
much, a comparison with the values during the
Move between the different displays and activate by
commissioning should be made. In case of differences
pushing onto the wheel.
or doubts about the correctness (e.g. long cable but
Adjust the contrast if necessary. Push onto the scroll
only small Ic value) it is recommended to check the
wheell (> 2 sec) and turn (right -> darker; left ->
analog inputs.
brighter). Check the buttons; switch between
automatic and manual mode respectively switch off /
digital inputs:
on the detection.
check if all states of the digital inputs as indicated on
the device front are correct, especially all switch states
2.) RS232 - interfaces: check each interface by
from disconnectors and breakers of the network.
communication with EFD20Term.
time: 3.) LAN interface: You can test the LAN interface
correct the clock of the device if necessary. If you by communication with EFD20Term. You must connect
have Scada or Ethernet connection it should be the EFD with the network interface of your PC.
possible to have an automatic synchronization of time. You need a crossover 2xRJ45 cable and probably
you have to change the network communication
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June 2009 5 service
parameters (TCP/IP) at the PC. Acceptance criterion:
If communication is successfully established, you can Due to the possible measuring inaccuracies at this
check in the screen active LAN connections at the test an obtained precision of +/- 3% at the amplitude
EFD. In this display the IP address of the other device and + / - 3 at the phase is sufficient.
(= your PC) will be shown.
Reference voltage: recommended 100 V AC 50 Hz
4.) CAN interface: The CAN - interface is only (minimum 10V), between clamps XA01 und XA02
needed for connection of an EFX20. If the CAN -
connection works, the in- and outputs of the EFX are test voltage : You can test all voltage inputs in parallel
visible from the EFD20. (menu: <check in/outputs>) by means of a suitable test connector . (If no suitable
test voltage source is available, one can get the test
5.) 20 mA interfaces: voltage from an ohmic voltage divider (e.g.
Check the current outputs in the menu <check analog potentiometer with sufficient duty) out of the reference
outputs>. If you dont get the adjusted must values at voltage. For the test a voltage signal which is in phase
your multimeter (DC, observe correct range), check with the reference voltage is sufficient. The measured
the burden of the current loop. The precision of the phase of such signal must be zero then (check of
output should be about 2% of the peak value (20 mA). phase measurement).
(It is better for the neutral to ground voltage to use a
break or logarithmic characteristic, otherwise no Test currents: You can test all current inputs in series
satisfactory precision can probably be achieved at by means of a suitable test connector. (If no suitable
small voltages.) test current source is available, one can get the test
current from the reference voltage via a ohmic series
6.) Potentiometer input: resistor.
Check the potentiometer measurement by the
comparison between position reading at the coil and Perform such tests at 1% , 10%, 100% of the
at the device. Then move the coil through the measurement range.
complete range and carry out the comparison at
several positions. Deviations of about 2% of the coil
maximum can be accepted. The coil calibration and B.) Check of parameter settings :
linearization should be repeated at greater deviations.
Upload the parameter file of the device onto your PC
7.) Digital inputs: and compare it with the backup - file, which you have
Remove the plugs from the digital inputs of the device. produced during the commissioning.
Prepare suitable test plugs with which you can bring (Function Compare with file in program EFDParam).
control voltage to the inputs. Check the inputs in the SPS files can be compared with suitable text editors.
menu <check digital inputs>. Check on eventual differences and decide if you
accept them or if you want to take them back.
8.) Digital outputs:
Remove the plugs from the digital outputs of the Note all changes, which you do during this check in a
device. Prepare suitable test plugs with which you can text file. The notes should contain which change has
check the contacts. (Suggestion: connect contacts in been performed, the reason for it, who has done the
parallel, check closed contacts with multimeter). change and date and time.
Switch on the contacts to be tested in the menu If any problems are discovered during such check
<check digital outputs>. please contact the responsible agent or the
manufacturer in order to discuss the problem.
9.) Analog inputs: The necessary questions of an eventual repair (return
For this test it is necessary to disconnect the current of device, change of components, overall check, etc.)
cables from the analog inputs of the device. You need can be better discussed in advance.
a test generator, which produces tensions in the area
of 0 - 100 V AC 50 Hz and currents in the area of 0 -1 5.6.3 Functional test of detection
A (5 A) AC 50 Hz.
In addition, you need a multimeter, with which you can General:
control the amplitude of the test signal during the test. In principal the best test for the detection is a real
Take into account that the EFD measures the 50 Hz fault, since the behavior of the network and the
component of the signals only. measurement has an essential importance on the
Normal multimeters also measure the true RMS value correctness of the earthfault indication.
so that a different measuring can arise already due to (Problems can be circulating currents in parallel
this fact. The measurement at the EFD20 should be feeders, influences of near cables, currents on cable
done in the menu "check analog inputs" because no screens, etc. )
transformer ratios are taken into account at the
display there.
Page 48 EFD20 V1.18

5 service June 2009
Such problems cannot be detected by a check of the 2.2 Necessary digital signals:
device only !
However during each earthfault there is the risk of a Each feeder to be tested must be under supervision.
cross country fault. Therefore many network utilities Therefore the EFD20 must receive the corresponding
do not allow to perform earthfault tests in their circuit breaker (CB - ON) message.
networks. If the option automatic reclosing - ARU is used, the
In those networks at least an analyse after real faults device generates a switch - OFF pulse after
should be made by evaluation of the EFD data files, in recognition of the simulated earthfault.
order to judge the functionality of the device. If also the switch - ON pulse should be tested, the
EFD20 must receive the circuit breaker - OFF
Device test: feedback, otherwise it will not be generated a switch
The EFD20 uses 3 different methods at detection: ON signal.
- admittance method
- wattmetric method (trip sectors) 2.3 Necessary parameter preparations:
- transient method
- The control function must be deactivated (manual
- Out of those 3 methods only the wattmetric method mode).
can be tested simply. - The admittance method must be switched off.
Such test covers the whole functional chain from
measurement to earthfault indication.
- The admittance method needs to determine global

network parameter. Therefore an artificial network (net
model) would be required.
- The test of the transient method requires special test

signals (Vo, Io) with exact time relation, as they
appear during a transient or restriking earthfault.
2. Test circuit for the wattmetric method at a

EFD20 already installed in the station
If the EFD20 has been enabled to trip feeders, special
attention has to be paid during the test.
Since the earthfault detection will not be active during
the test a backup protection for the network should be
activated during the test.
2.1 Necessary test signals: - The wattmetric method must be activated. The
voltage must be higher than the adjusted
Adjustable voltage (e.g. 0 - 100 V AC) threshold.
for the Vo - input
Adjustable current (e.g. 0 - 200 mA AC)
for the Io - input of the tested feeder
The test current should be opposite with the test
voltage.
OFF
Vo test (0...100 V)
CB
Io (0...200 mA)
ON
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June 2009 5 service
2.4 Test procedure disconnect the fault. The data buffer will show an
earthfault event coming and going.
First the test current (input Io) is increased to a level
above the adjusted threshold for the wattmetric relay.
These thresholds can be adjusted individually per
feeder. In the example below, the test current must be
above 12.5 mA.
2.5 Final works:

Then the test voltage must be increased. If the value
reaches the threshold the fault message will be After testing all feeders in that way, the test equipment
released. If autoreclosing is activated the can be removed and the correct signals Vo and Io
corresponding switching cycles will be started. from the network must be reconnected. If current
instrument transformers have been short circuited
In the case of a permanent fault (no disconnection) during the tests, the current loops into the EFD20
you will get following display as an example: must be opened again.
In the case of automatic feeder disconnection a trip

signal from EFD20 to the circuit breaker will
Page 50 EFD20 V1.18

5 service June 2009
CONTROLLER ON -CB search position
6 Messages / malfunctions The controller is putting the coil to the predefined
position (external power switch).
6.1 Messages
CONTROLLER ON -CB
The first three lines of the EFD20 display are reserved The controller has put the coil to the predefined
for the following messages: position (External circuit breaker).
- Controller messages CONTROLLER ON ERROR

- Detection messages An error has occurred. The reason is indicated in the
- System components state messages following line. In addition a malfunction is signalised.
V12<<10%
6.2 Controller messages The controller and the detection system are in error
state. The EFD20 isn`t able to measure the voltages
CONTROLLER ON and the currents, if the reference voltage V12 falls be-
The controller reacts on Vo voltage changes in the low 10% of the nominal voltage (see chapter 4.2.2).
network and adjusts the coil onto the correct tuning
point after switching operations (automatic mode). Coil motion
The controller has released an adjustment command
CONTROLLER OFF to the coil. However, no movement (> 0,1 %) within
The controller performs no automatic coil adjust- the preset time or a movement into the wrong direc-
ments. A manual adjustment of the coil is possible by tion was reported back.
operation e.g. at the controller (manual mode).
Motor operation time
CONTROLLER ON new parameter The controller has continuously adjusted the coil. The
The controller performs a new calculation of the tuning set motor operation time was exceeded (refer to
point by means of the current injection chapter 7).
CONTROLLER ON trigger (35) DSP Error

The neutral to ground voltage has exceeded the There is a conflict at the internal data communication.
threshold circle. The remaining time until start of the
control procedure is shown in brackets. Set time
The controller has an invalid time due to an empty
CONTROLLER ON tuned buffer capacitor for the integrated circuit of the internal
The controller successfully finished the control proce- clock. The actual time must be set again.
dure.
Search 1, .., search 6
CONTROLLER ON not compensated The actual state during the coil adjustment is inserted.
The controller finished the tuning procedure. The cal-
culated tuning point is situated outside the coil tuning Search middle position
range. The coil is moved into an end position. If the neutral to ground voltage doesn`t exceed the
Vmin - threshold within the ASC entire tuning range,
CONTROLLER ON redundancy operation the coil will be adjusted to the programmed coil mid-
The controller had a problem with the current injec- dle position.
tion and therefore changed into the redundancy mode
(determination of resonance point by means of coil Positioning
adjustment, only in case of plunger core). The redun- - The controller adjusts the coil onto the previously
dancy mode will be finished either by swiching the determined resonance point at activated option
controller or the detection system off / on or auto- Control at earthfault.
matically after 24 hours. - At activated option external circuit breaker the
controller adjusts the coil to the predefined position.
CONTROLLER ON -CB trigger (10)
Indication at activated option external power switch (Vmin)(15')
and set input function CIF_SWITCH. After 10s delay The coil is adjusted to the preset middle position.
the controller puts the coil to a predefined position. At the end of the set delay time (see chapter 7) the
EFD20 V1.18 page 51

June 2009 6 Messages / malfunctions
Vmin message is released (if a new control proce- 6.4 System components
dure is not started within the set time). The remaining
time (in minutes) until release of the relay message is state messages
shown in brackets.
Circuit state of ASC
(Vmin) trigger (123) The screen image informs about the circuit states of
The trigger threshold was exceeded during waiting the ASCs in the network (also see chapter 3).
position Vmin. The remaining time (in seconds) until
start of the search procedure is shown in the brackets. ECI state informations
The following state informations are inserted:
Transient earthfault
The neutral to ground voltage exceeded the threshold ECI. ECI is requested
for recognition of earthfaults. However, the time for a ECI.. ECI is used
permanent earthfault was not exceeded yet. ECI..1+ ECI1 operating (pos. polarity)
ECI..1- ECI1 operating (neg. polarity)
Earthfault ECI..2+ ECI2 operating (pos. polarity)
The neutral to ground voltage exceeded the voltage ECI..2- ECI2 operating (neg. polarity)
threshold for recognition of earthfaults. The earthfault ..ECI External ECI request (.) or used (..)
is present at least for the transient earthfault time. wait (5s) The controller recognizes variations in
the neutral to ground voltage. After 5s
Rp on, Rp off the controller will start a new calcu-
The resistor switch on / off - command is released lation of the network parameters.
(refer to chapter 9, option resistor control) ECI(1) The reliability conditions of valid mea-
sured values are not fulfilled (e.g. due
R blocked to switching operation in the network
The reclosing of the resistor is blocked, if the tem- during the measurement). The actual
perature exceeded the threshold (controller uses an values are ignored and the controller
internal temperature model) or by an external block via starts a new measurement by means
digital input (see chapter 9, option resistor control) of current injection. If the maximum
retries of ECI cycle is exceeded, the
Fix on, fix off controller automatically changes to
The tuning range of the coil is not sufficient any more, redundancy method (only in case of
hence the controller generates the switch on / off - plunger core).
command to an external fix coil (see chapter 9, option
fix coil control).
6.5 Malfunctions
6.3 Detection messages 6.5.1 Start up
DETECTION ON new parameter
The EFD20 display remains dark after the device
The detection system is calculating new network
is switched on
parameters with the current injection.
If the display remains dark after approximately 30s
(after the device is switched on, the display is dark
DETECTION ON ALARM BB1 (BB2, BB3)
due to BIOS - startup procedure), please check the
An error happened at busbar 1 (2, 3). The reason
feeding voltage (refer to project information). Check
is mentioned in the fault information screen.
resp. replace the fuse F1 at the rear of the EFD20.
BB1 (BB2, BB3) The EFD20 does not measure any voltage
An earthfault lasts on busbar 1 (2, 3) or on a feeder Nothing or only a very small voltage is displayed.
connected to busbar 1 (2, 3). - Check the voltage at the input terminals of the
device.
BB1 (BB2, BB3) - If the display is missing (but voltage is present)
A high resistant earthfault lasts on busbar 1 (2, 3) or first check the adjusted voltage transformer ratio
on a feeder connected to busbar 1 (2, 3). and the assignment to the anlogue input channels.
page 52 EFD20 V1.18

6 Messages / malfunctions June 2009
If these settings are correct, please contact Trench c.) The status of a binary input function does not fulfil
Austria. the expectations (menu check input functions).
- At symmetric networks and / or with detuning the First check if the corresponding physical input is
neutral to ground voltage can be very small. In correctly set. Check in the PLC -file, if the assign-
automatic mode (controller is on) the controller tries ment of the input function to the corresponding
to calculate the resonance point by means of the binary input is correct.
current injection. If the maximum retries of cur-rent
injection is exceeded, the controller changes to
redundancy mode (only in case of plunger core coil)
to find a neutral to ground voltage > 0.1% within the
entire tuning range of the coil. If this voltage can not
be found, the coil is positioned to the predefined
middle position.
The EFD20 does not measure any current

Nothing or only a small current is displayed.
- Please check, which current is really flowing into
the clamps of the device.
- If the measured current is ok, check the parameter
of the transformer ratios and the assignment of the
clamps.
The state of a binary input does not fulfil

the expectations
By means of the menu check digital inputs the
states of all binary inputs can be checked. Hint
Please consider, that a change of the assignment will

be activated, after the parameters and the PLC - file
have been stored (exit menu and store configuration).
A digital output does not operate as expected

The device offers the possibility to set each output
relay in the menu check digital outputs. The wiring
and the presence of the control voltage can be
checked and if the output relay inside the controller
really switches (push scroll wheel on EDIT).
a.) The input is ON, but should be OFF. Check the

voltage, that is applied between the input contact
and the corresponding common. Coupling (induc-
tive or capacitive) of voltages from neighbouring
wires can happen. If such coupled voltages are
present, change the wire arrangement in order to
find wires with less coupling or use separate
shielded cables.
b.) The input is OFF, but should be ON. Check if the

required signal voltage level is applied on the ter-
minals. This voltage must be supplied externally, a
make contact only is not sufficient!
If the input doesn`t operate at all, please contact
Trench Austria.
EFD20 V1.18 page 53

If the relay operates correctly, check the assignment If an angle transmitter is used, the current setting
of the output function to the output relay. Correct (for input ranges and burden resistances refer to
possible errors. Please note, that the assignment is project information) is converted into a measure-
only active after the parameter and the PLC - file is ment voltage (converted in the same way as with
stored. measurement via potentiometer). Hence, check if
the used mA - transmitter is able to cover the vol-
The assignment of the output functions can be tested tage drop on the burden resistance. Furthermore,
by setting the corresponding output function in the the angle transmitter should convert the coil position
menu check output functions. directly (without any steps and additional delay) into
a mA - signal.
- If the coil position measurement doesn`t operate
correctly and the above mentioned aids are without
success, please contact Trench Austria.
6.5.2 Control function

The controller calculates the network parameters by
means of the current injection. If the adjusted amount
of trials for a valid current injection is not sufficient, the
controller automatically changes into the control pro-
cedure with coil adjustment (redundancy mode, only in
case of plunger core coil).
If the controller is not able to tune the coil by means of

the current injection (resp. controller does not show
the resonance curve) the polarity of the measured
Measuring the coil position injection current should be checked.
The measurement of the coil position is performed by
a potentiometer or by a configurable mA - input (angle If the resistance Ro (inserted on controller display) is
transmitter). The controller evaluates the position of negative, change the clamps k and l of the ECI
the potentiometer by applying a voltage (approxima- current input or enter a negative transformer ratio.
tely 5 V DC) to the potentiometer (between +Pot and
-Pot) and measuring the voltage on the sliding con- Fluctuating neutral to ground voltage Vo
tact (between sPot and -Pot). If the controller has tuned the network, fluctuations in
the neutral to ground voltage, exceeding the trigger
The most common error during start up is the uninten- circle, could lead to a new trigger procedure. If the
tional exchange of terminals. voltage returns back within the trigger delay, only the
- Exchange of -Pot and +Pot counter of the trigger events is increased by one.
The indicated position changes into the wrong In case of redundancy control a lot of unnecessary
direction. tuning procedures may happen, if the trigger delay is
- Exchange of sliding contact and +Pot adjusted too low. Hence, the trigger delay should be
This error is indicated by a strong non linearity in the set between 30 and 120s.
assignment of the potentiometer position and the
voltage on the exchanged sliding contact. In some networks the neutral to ground voltage fluctu-
- Check if the selector switch for setting the proper ates very slowly during the run of the day. These slow
range of the angle transmitter is in the correct fluctuations can not be suppressed by means of the
position. If the potentiometer is used, the correct trigger delay and of the measurement filter (parameter
position is 0! time constant). However, the situation is improved by
Follow up of the neutral to ground voltage, where the
actual neutral to ground voltage is taken as a new re-
ference at regular time intervals (e.g. 30 min). Lower
values than 5 min are not adjustable.
page 54 EFD20 V1.18

6.5.3 Coupling detection 6.5.4 Detection function
The automatic coupling detection between the two If the natural assymetry impedances of one or more
busbars of a station is performed by comparison of the feeders are unexpected low, most likely there is a
neutral to ground voltages Vo1 and Vo2. problem with unbalanced zero sequence currents Io
on these feeders. The unbalanced curerents can have
If the two voltages are equal and behave similar, it is the following reasons:
assumed, that the busbars are coupled (ASC1-ASC2).
- Arranged loops (low resistant path around the loop)
If the coupling is not performed via a coupling switch enable circulating current - due to magnetic coupling
at the station, an external coupling is present. from neighbouring lines or due to different phase
distribution of the load currents.
If it is not possible to arrange an external coupling via In principle the EFD20 has the possibility to handle
feeders, the external coupling could be simulated by these configuration as single feeder. In this case
closing in the internal coupling and an available feed- there will generated an earthfault signal on all
back of the coupling switch must be deactivated. feeders, which are arranged to the loop. The
handling of the ring configuration as single feeder is
If the coupling detection does not start, check the ad- activated by means of an digital input. The handling
justments in the menu coupling detection via neutral as single feeder isn`t always necessary.
to ground voltages (in the standard settings it is acti- In case of constant circulating current the undesire-
vated). able component in the zero sequence current is in-
cluded in the reference and can be corrected at the
If the voltages Vo1 and Vo2 are too different, increase appearance of an earthfault.
the percentage threshold tolerance voltage differen- For the special case - switching on the detection
ce or the absolute threshold minimum tolerance vol- system - the sensitivity of the individual asymmetry
tage difference (don`t adjust more than double of the thresholds of the corresponding feeders must be
factory settings). reduced.
In case of fast fluctuating circulating currents an
If the voltages Vo1 and Vo2 are in opposite direction individual delay of the earthfault signal is recom-
and the voltage behaviours are in opposite during mended - due to averaging - the fluctuating com-
current injection, the polarity of one voltage must be ponent of the zero sequence current is filtered.
changed. In this case you have also to check the Slow fluctuating circulating currents would require a
control function and the polarity of homopolar currents long average time (resp. earthfault signal delay). In
in the network area, where the voltage was changed this case the use of a fix ring configuration is recom-
(180 phase shift). mended.
- Holmgreen connections may cause virtual zero se-
In principle if the coupling will be opened, the voltages quence currents due to slightely different ratios of
will be different. This will initiate a new check with the the current instrument transformers.
current injection. During this injection the voltages will In case of a Holmgreen circuit the zero sequence
behave different and the coupling must be opened. If current of only one feeder is influenced in the same
the device does not detect the open coupling, check way. The influence could be reduced by means of
the change of the voltages, when the coupling will be better instrument transformer accuracy or by the use
opened. The change must be bigger than the adjusted of toroidal transformers.
tolerance delta voltage difference. - At toroidal transformers problems could exsist, if the
current on the cable screen is not perfectly compen-
If the coupling is closed in again and the voltage chan- sated - due to incorrect leading back of the cable
ge is bigger then the setting of new check of coupling screen through the transformer to earth. Parallel
state at variation of Vo, the coupling detection proce- earthing pathes may cause, that the full screen
dure will start again. current isn`t compensated.
The leading back of the cable screens should be
checked (resp. corrected) and possible parallel
earthing paths must be interrupted.
EFD20 V1.18 page 55

Real asymmetries in the zero sequence system can
be caused by different line to earth capacitances of
the phases (e.g. if overhead lines aren`t twisted) or in
case of an earthfault. If an overhead line isn`t twisted,
the capacitive asymmetry affects to the neutral to
ground voltage in the sound network. Single phase
interruption in one feeder without earth contact can
also cause a bigger capacitive asymmetry.
The maximum sensitivity of the admittance method is
given by the fact, that a high resistant earthfault in the
same order of magnitude and in the opposite of the
capacitive asymmetry couldn`t be detected.
6.6 Frequently asked questions

Switch off / on of the EFD20
A power capacitor module is installed in the device.
If the capacitors are totally charged, they support the
main functions in case of a feeding voltage failure.
Display contrast
The contrast of the display could be changed due to
variations in the temperature. Press the scroll wheel at
least for 2s to adjust the contrast. Set the desired con-
trast by turning on the scroll wheel. Press the scroll
wheel again to store the actual contrast and to exit the
setting mode.
The display lighting is switched off automatically after
15 minutes without any operation of the device. The
display will be bright again by pressing on the scroll
wheel.
EFD20 is in menu mode

During the menu mode the controller and detection
function continues the operation with the actual adjust-
ments. If the settings will be changed and stored, the
detection system calculates new parameters and the
controller starts a new tuning procedure.
The menu mode will be finished after 60 minutes with-
out any operation of the device. Possible changes of
the settings are lost.
page 56 EFD20 V1.18

Step coil (2)
7 Parameters Step coil interface (2)
Coil calibration (2)
Parameter for device programming are within a Coil characteristics (2)
structured menu. The structure of the menu levels is Time definitions (2)
fixed and can not be changed. The following three Puls time (2)
menu levels can be protected with password, if Delay time (2)
desired. Delay time for stable value (2)
Minimum changes of position sensor (2)
- Operation level (1) Current injection devices (2)
Only main parameter (Top Ten Parameter) for ECI 1 installed (2)
correction of service performance are available ECI 2 installed (2)
ECI 3 installed (2)
- Commissioning level (2) Detuning capacitor, EDC (2)
Only parameter necessary for start-up procedure EDC1 installed (2)
are available. EDC1 capacity (2)
EDC2 installed (2)
- Expert level (3) EDC2 capacity (2)
All relevant parameters for fine tuning of controller EDC3 installed (2)
and detection function are available for advanced EDC3 capacity (2)
user. Also the standard passwords can be indivi- Reset counters (2)
dually changed on this level. Controller configuration (1)(2)(3)
Activated (1)(2)(3)
Parameter overview Compensation (1)(2)(3)
The following structure includes the parameters of all Fixed coil (3)
user levels. The character(s) in brackets shows the Activate fix coil (3)
availability of parameter at individual user level. Fix coil (3)
Control behaviour (1)(3)
Enable options (2, 3) Vo-trigger level (1)(3)
Control system (2, 3) Trigger delay time (1)(3)
Detection system (2, 3) Time constant input filter (3)
Resistor control (2, 3) Follow up Vo (3)
Home position Rp (2, 3) Periodical check of the tuning state (3)
Fix coil control (2, 3) Voltage at earthfault (1)(3)
External power switch (2, 3) Transient earthfault time (1)(3)
Control at earthfault (2, 3) Multiple busbar operating mode (3)
SCADA (2, 3) Controller operating mode (3)
SCADA protocol (2, 3) Behaviour Slave controller (3)
Automatic reclosing function (2, 3) Behaviour of Slave controller (3)
Predefined coil position (3)
Basic preselection (2) Fine tuning controller (3)
Text defintion, device name, station (2) Coil middle position (3)
Analog inputs (2) Tolerated mismatch (3)
Reference angle V12 (2) Maximum tries of tuning operations (3)
Number of monitored feeders (2) Options (2, 3)
Edit analog channels (2) Fix coil control (2, 3)
Controller works with (2) Activated (2, 3)
Coil (2) Fix coil (2, 3)
Coil typ (2) Activate fix coil (2, 3)
Coil Imin (2) Switching of point (2, 3)
Coil Imax (2) Switching on point (2, 3)
Timeout coil (2) Resistor control (2, 3)
Plunger core coil (2) Activated (2, 3)
Coil calibration (2) Automatic activated (2, 3)
Coil characteristics (2) Permissible duty (2, 3)
Motor time limit (2) Cooling time (2, 3)
Software limit switch (2) Delay times home position off (2, 3)
Imin (2) Turn on delay time 1 (2, 3)
Imax (2) Turn on time 1 (2, 3)
Turn on delay time 2 (2, 3)
Turn on time 2 (2, 3)
EFD20 V1.18 page 57

June 2009 Parameter
Delay times home position on (2, 3) Current peak difference (3)
Turn off delay time 1 (2, 3) Delay time earthfault start (3)
Turn off time 1 (2, 3) Delay time earthfault stop (3)
Turn off delay time 2 (2, 3) Automatic reclosing function (1, 2, 3)
External power switch (2, 3) Activated (1, 2, 3)
Activated (2, 3) Turn off delay time 1 (1, 2, 3)
Coil position (2, 3) Turn on delay time 1 (1, 2, 3)
Control at earthfault (2, 3) Turn on delay time 2 (1, 2, 3)
To resonance point (2, 3) Pulse time for output functions (1, 2, 3)
Trigger delay (2, 3) Reset ARU (1, 2, 3)
Configuration of detection system (1)(2)(3) Discrimination time (1, 2, 3)
Activated (1)(2)(3) Observation time external switching (1, 2, 3)
Identifying groups (2, 3) Current injection, ECI (1, 2, 3)
Edit breaker position replication (2, 3) Definition of operating cycle (2, 3)
Groupidentification (2, 3) Maximum retries of ECI cycles (1, 3)
Minimum feeder length per feeder (2, 3) Time definitions (1, 3)
Tolerated angle for identifying groups (2, 3) Measurement time (1, 3)
Use fix ring configurations (2, 3) Response time (1, 3)
Edit ring configurations (2, 3) Settling time (1, 3)
Admittance methode (1, 2, 3) Wait for voltage variations (3)
Activate (1, 2, 3) Minimum voltage change (3)
Use admittance methode up to (3) Minimal current change (3)
Periodical recalculation (3) Maximum voltage variation (3)
Trigger levels for earthfault (3) Use current injection device up to (3)
Start delay of alarm (3) Inverse mode (3)
Start delay of trip (3) Activate (3)
Feeder selective delay (3) Start threshold (3)
Stop delay of trip (3) Multiple busbar operating mode, use (1, 3)
Trigger level alarm, earthfault (3) Pass control (3)
Trigger level global asymmetry (3) Coupling detection via neutral to ground
Threshold alarm, trip per feeder (3) voltages (1, 2, 3)
Trigger levels for recalculation (3) Activate (1, 2, 3)
Delay of recalculation per feeder (3) Tolerance voltage difference (3)
Trigger level recal. feeder parameters (3) Minimum tolerance voltage difference (3)
Trigger sensitivity - voltage threshold(3) Tolerance voltage difference (3)
Trigger sensitivity - additional delay (3) New check of coupling state (3)
feeder model type (3) Delay time for coupling detection (3)
Wattmetric methode (1)(2)(3) In/outputs (1, 2, 3)
Activate (1)(2)(3) Programming PLC (2, 3)
Voltage threshold (primary) (3) Text definitions (1, 2, 3)
Delay time earthfault start (3) Text definitions, analo outputs (1, 2, 3)
Interruption time (3) Text definitions, flags (1, 2, 3)
Delay time earthfault stop (3) Text definitions, SCADA variables (1, 2, 3)
Use tripping characteristic (3) Analog output characteristics (1, 2, 3)
Tripping characteristic A (3) Output characteristic 1, 2 (1, 2, 3)
Angle precision of current transf. (3) Characteristic (1, 2, 3)
Threshold wattmetric current Iwatt (3) Minimum value (1, 2, 3)
Tripping characteristic B (3) Break value (1, 2, 3)
Damping current Id1 (Id2, Id3) (3) Maximum value (1, 2, 3)
Threshold factor F1 (F2, F3) (3) Check in/outputs (1, 2, 3)
Comparative method activ (3) Check analog inputs (1, 2, 3)
Directional ground fault protection Check analog outputs (1, 2, 3)
Tripping sector 67N.1 (1, 2, 3) Digital inputs (1, 2, 3)
Tripping sector 67N.2 (1, 2, 3) Check digital inputs (1, 2, 3)
Tripping sector 67N.3 (1, 2, 3) Check input functions (1, 2, 3)
Transient earthfault methode (1)(2)(3) Digital outputs (1, 2, 3)
Activate (1)(2)(3) Check digital outputs (1, 2, 3)
Voltage threshold (primary) (3) Check output functions (1, 2, 3)
Weighting for transient fault (3) Check flags (1, 2, 3)
Threshold for transient fault (3) Check LT (1, 2, 3)
Page 58 EFD20 V1.18

Parameter June 2009
System configuration (1, 2, 3) IEC mval 120%= (3)
Data & time (1)(2)(3) Measurands send via (3)
Language (2) Measurands I (3)
Data recorder (1, 2, 3) Value Ipos (3)
Recording intervall (1, 2, 3) ID message (3)
Screensaver (1, 2, 3) Distance location (3)
Password assignment (3) IEC101 settings (3)
Use password (3) Device address (3)
Operation level (3) Interface parameter (3)
Commissioning level (3) IEC101 Scada to port (3)
Expert level (3) Baud rate (3)
LAN settings (1, 2, 3) Data bit (3)
IP address EFD20 (1, 2, 3) Parity (3)
Subnetmask (1, 2, 3) Stop bits (3)
Standard-gateway (1, 2, 3) Maximum response time (3)
Multicast (1, 2, 3) Delay time (3)
SNTP settings (1, 2, 3) Polling time for switch replica (3)
CAN - setup (1, 3)
CAN - setup EFX.1 (1, 3) 7.1 Enable options
Activated (3)
Text definition, device name (1, 3)
The following options can be enabled by input of the
Edit EFX card access (2)
correct option password (see attachment to manual or
Communication parameter (1, 2, 3)
backside of device). The relevant option parameters
Terminal port (1, 2, 3)
will only be displayed in the menu options after the
Terminal address (1, 2, 3)
option has been released.
Baud rate (1, 2, 3)
- Controller
SCADA (3)
- Detection system
Activated (3)
- Resistor control
Device address (3)
Home position Rp
Interface parameter (3)
The home position is the state of the resistor
SCADA to port (3)
(ON/OFF) in the sound network.
Baud rate (3)
- Fix coil control
Data bit (3)
- External power switch
Parity (3)
- Control at earthfault
Stop bits (3)
- Automatic reclosing unit
Motor pulse time (3)
- Scada
SPABus - interface
Scada protocol
Event configuration SPABus (3)
The following Sacda protocols can be selected:
Motor pulse time (3)
SPABus
Display the analog values (3)
IEC 101
Automatic Strobe of the SCADA (3)
IEC 103
IEC101 - protocol
IEC 101&103
Event configuration (3)
Type ID, single point information (3)
Configuration (3) 7.2 Basic preselections
Command configuration (3)
Measurands configuration (3) Text definition, device name (station)
Type ID, measured value (3) Strings can be typed in for the device name (station).
Configuration (3)
Counter configuration (3) 7.2.1 Analog Inputs
Type ID, counter (3)
Configuration (3)
Reference angle V12 []
Manual search configuration (3)
The reference angle is assigned to the reference
Measurands configuration (3)
voltage V12. All measured signals are rotated corre-
spondingly. If the reference voltage V12 is really mea-
IEC103 -, IEC101&103 - protocol
sured between phase 1 and phase 2, the reference
Event configuration (3)
angle should be adjusted to 30.
Protocol fine tuning (3)
Number of monitored feeders
The amount of the monitored feeders is typed in.
EFD20 V1.18 page 59

June 2009 Parameter
Edit analog channels Software limit switch Imin, Imax
The transformer ratios (primary, secondary) of the Input of limit switch Imin, Imax (software endswitches),
voltages and the currents are typed in and the clamps if the controller shouldn`t operate with the whole
of the analog inputs are assigned to the channels. The tuning range of ASC. If the software endswitches are
ratios are also considered for external analogue inputs outside the real coil range, they are out of function.
(refer to chapter 7.8.1).
7.2.2.2 Step coil
Controller works with
The following selections are available: Step coil interface
- ASC1/BB1/ECI1: the network parameters will be According to the feedback of coil adjustment the
calculated with Vo1 and Ieci1 following interface types are available:
- ASC2/BB2/ECI2: the network parameters will be - serial type 1: The controller gets the feedback of an
calculated with Vo2 and Ieci2 adjustment via input function
- ASC3/BB3/ECI3: the network parameters will be MIF_STC_READY.
calculated with Vo3 and Ieci3 - serial type 2: The controller recognizes the coil
adjustment only via the change of the
7.2.2 Menu coil potentiometer position (or via mA-
transmitter).
Coil typ
The type of the ASC is selected (plunger core or step Coil calibration
coil). Refer to chapter 4
Imin, Imax Coil characteristics

Input of Imin (minimum current) and Imax (maximum Refer to chapter 4
current) as given on the coils rating plate.
Time definitions
The adjustment of the step coil is performed by means
of pulses. The pulse time and the interpulse period
Hint (delay time) will be defined.
Minimum changes of the position sensor

If your ASC is designed for a higher voltage level than An adjustment of the step coil is only recognized, if the
actually used, the values have to be recalculated in change of the actual potentiometer position is bigger
order to get a correct A - display of the coil position. than the adjusted minimum changes.
Example:
7.2.3 Current injection devices
A coil is designed for 20 kV system voltage with a no-
minal tuning range from 15 to 150 A. The tuning range
ECI1 installed
from 7.5 to 75 A has to be programmed, if the coil is
Declaration of available current injection. If ASC1/
used in a 10 kV system.
BB1/ECI1 is adjusted and the item is set to No,
the network will be tuned by redundancy
Timeout coil
controlling.
Maximum allowed time (without malfunction message
ECI2 (ECI3) installed
Coil motion error) from movement command to the
Declaration of available current injection devices in
motor drive unit until change of coil position.
case of multiple busbar configuration. If the control-
ler is configured as Slave, operates with ASC2/BB2/
7.2.2.1 Plunger core coil
ECI2 (ASC3/BB3/ECI3) and the item is set to No,
the network will be tuned by redundancy
Coil calibration
controlling.
Refer to chapter 4
Coil characteristics 7.2.4 Detuning capacitor, EDC

Refer to chapter 4
EDC1 (2, 3) installed
Motor run time limit Selection of the available detuning capacitors EDC1
A counter adds all movement times and subtracts all
times without coil movement. When exceeding the set
threshold a device malfunction is signalled.
Page 60 EFD20 V1.18

Parameter June 2009
(2, 3) for the determination of the fault location. Follow-up Vo [min]
Owing to weather influence fluctuations of the neutral
EDC1 (2, 3) capacity to ground voltage may occur at overhead lines without
The capacity of the detuning capacitor is typed in. any change of the switching condition of the network.
The actual neutral to ground voltage (according to the
Reset counters set time interval) is used as new reference for the cal-
All counters (except working hours) will be reset. culation of the vectorial trigger threshold (if actually,
the controller is not in trigger state or does not perform
7.3 Controller configuration a tuning procedure). Input of 0 deactivates the follow
up of the neutral to ground voltage. The minimum va-
lue is 5 min.
Activated
The controller function is activated by setting YES.
Periodical check of the tuning state [min]
Input of the intervall for periodical checking of the
Compensation [%,A]
tuning state of the network.
Setting of a defined difference between tuning point
and resonance point. The input of - determines
Voltage at earthfault [%]
under-compensation, without sign over-compensation
The controller treats neutral to ground voltages higher
is set.
than the set threshold as (transient) earthfault and im-
mediately blocks the coil movement during the tuning
7.3.1 Fixed coil process.
Fix coil [A] Transient earthfault time [0.1s]

Rated current of the fixed-value coil Within the set time the controller treats an earthfault
as transient earthfault and immediately blocks the coil
Activate fixed coil movement during the tuning process.
The rated current of the fixed-value coil is considered,
if the input function MIF_FIX_ON is assigned to a 7.3.2.1 Multiple busbar operating mode
digital input or permanently set per software (SPS-
file). This consideration only makes a difference when Controller operating mode
the compensation is set in %. Selection if the controller is operating as Master or as
Slave.
7.3.2 Control behaviour
Behaviour Slave controller
Vo-trigger level [%] In case of coupled busbars the Slave either will be
The controller recognises a change in the network blocked by the master or will be forced to adjust the
configuration by a voltage variation that exceeds the ASC to predefined position.
vectorial trigger threshold and lasts at least longer
than the trigger delay. After a tuning procedure the Coil position [%]
actual neutral to ground voltage is used as base for Input of the predefined position.
calculation of the trigger threshold.
7.3.2.2 Fine tuning controller
Trigger delay time [s]
Programming of the trigger delay. The search opera- Coil middle position [%]
tion is not started if the neutral to ground voltage re- If the neutral-to-ground voltage does not exceed the
turns inside the vectorial trigger thresholds within the threshold Vo = 0.1% within the entire tuning range of
trigger delay. the coil, the controller adjusts the coil to the coil
middle position.
Time constant input filter Vo [s]
A filter for suppression of eventually present needle Tolerated mismatch [%]
pulses, which prevent a new trigger operation. The The adjusted value will be used as an admissible
selectable time constants are 0, 5, 10 and 15s. The detuning of the calculated set position.
selection of 0 deactivates the filter. The filter has no
influence either to the vectorial trigger threshold or to Maximum tries of tuning operations
the limit of Vearth. If the maximum tries of tuning operations is exceeded,
the controller changes to redundancy controlling (only
in case of plunger core) at first. If the limit is exceeded
again, the controller generates the global error signal
(OF8_error).
EFD20 V1.18 page 61

June 2009 Parameter
7.3.3 Options 7.3.3.3 External power switch
7.3.3.1 Fix coil control activated

Activation or deactivation of the option
activated
Activation or deactivation of the option coil position [A]
The controller adjusts the disconnected coil to the
Fix coil [A] predefined position (adjustable from 1 up to 100%).
Nominal current of fix coil
7.3.3.4 Control at earthfault
Activate fix coil
The fix coil current will be considered. To resonance point
The option is activated, if the parameter is set to
Switching off point [%] YES.
The fixcoil will be disconnected if the calculated tuning
point remains below the set position. Trigger delay [s]
The coil will be set to the previousely determined
Switching on point [%] resonance point, when the neutral to ground voltage
The fixcoil will be connected if the calculated tuning Vo is higher than Vearth during the adjusted period.
point exceeds the set position.
7.3.3.2 Resistor control 7.4 Configuration of

activated detection system
Activation or deactivation of the option
Activated
Automatic activated If the detection system will be deactivated , the device
Activation or deactivation of the automatic resistor would only work as an earthfault controller.
control
7.4.1 Identifying groups
Permissible duty [s]
Permissible duty of the resistor at nominal load In a two busbar system an assignment (grouping) of
the separate feeders to the measured neutral to
Cooling time [min] ground voltages must be performed for correct evalu-
Time constant of the resistor cooling ation of the measured values. Moreover it must be
known, which feeder is active (circuit breaker closed),
Delay times for home position OFF otherwise earth currents flowing in disconnected and
earthed feeders can lead to wrong indications.
Turn on time 1 [0.1s]
Turn on time of the first resistor connection. Edit breaker position replication
A clear attachment of a feeder to an ASC, resp. to a
Turn on delay time 1 [0.1s] group is possible, if the feedbacks from the circuit
Turn on delay of the first resistor connection. breakers and the disconnectors of the monitored
feeders are available. By means of defined nodes
Turn on time 2 [0.1s] (e.g. Vo1, Vo2, ASC1, ASC2, Io1..Io32) all feeders,
Turn on time of the second resistor connection. which are closed in, are assigned to the measured
neutral to ground voltages.
Turn on delay time 2 [0.1s]
Turn on delay of the second resistor connection. Groupidentification
During healthy network conditions the assignment of
Delay times for home position ON the feeders to the neutral to ground voltages can be
performed by means of current injection (via evalu-
Turn off time 1 [0.1s] ation of nodes & with ECI). Due to current injection
Turn off time of the first resistor disconnection. changes in the neutral to ground voltage and in the
zero sequence currents of the feeders are observed.
Turn off delay time 1 [0.1s] If the voltage and current changes show either capa-
Turn off delay of the first resistor disconnection. citance or inductive (in case of coupling with over-
compensated network) characteristic, all concerned
Turn off delay time 2 [0.1s] feeders must be closed in to the same busbar and the
Turn off delay of the second resistor disconnection. assignment of the neutral to ground voltage to the
Page 62 EFD20 V1.18

Parameter June 2009
group of the supervised feeders is determined. Start delay of alarm
The standard setting is the groupidentification via the The trigger level must be longer exceeded than the
evaluation of nodes (switch replication). adjusted delay.
Minimum feeder length, Icmin Start delay of trip

A feeder will be supervised, if the feeder is switched on The trigger level must be longer exceeded than the
and the calculated capacitive current of the feeder adjusted delay.
exceeds the adjusted minimum feeder length.
Feeder selective delay
Tolerated angle for identifying groups If the global determinated fault admittance YF exceeds
In case of short lines (low line capacitance) only a small the earthfault threshold, the delay of trip (valid for all
change in the zero sequence current can be achieved. feeders) will start. In order to achieve a shorter delay
If the amplitude of a possible noise is in the measuring of trip, the selective delay for the concerning feeder
circuit, the phase between the voltage and current has to be set bigger than zero and smaller than the
change couldn`t be clearly verified without any tolerated start delay of trip.
angle and the short feeder wouldn`t be monitored.
Stop delay of trip
Use fix ring configurations The trigger level must not be exceeded during the
If desired, a fix ring configuration can be used for two or adjusted delay.
several feeders, if the feeders are always closed in
parallel. Trigger level alarm
The alarm threshold (high resistant earthfault) is ad-
Edit ring configurations justed for the change (ZF) of the global asymmetry Zu.
Two or several feeders can be configured as arranged
loop (maximum 5 arranged loops), if the feeders are Trigger level earthfault
always closed in parallel. The earthfault threshold is adjusted for the change
(ZF) of the global asymmetry Zu.
7.4.2 Admittance methode
Trigger level global asymmetry
Activate The trigger level of the global asymmetry Zu is
The admittance methode is used by setting of YES. adjusted.
Use admittance methode up to Threshold alarm

The admittance methode is used up to the adjusted The individual alarm threshold per feeder is adjusted.
voltage level. If desired, the selective earthfault mes-
sages can be released by means of the wattmetric Threshold trip
methode at neutral to ground voltages above the The individual trip threshold per feeder is adjusted.
adjusted voltage level.
It is recommended to use the admittance methode over 7.4.2.2 Trigger levels for recalculation
the entire voltage range, it means, the voltage level
should be set bigger than 100% of the neutral to Alternatively the trigger levels for recalculation are
ground voltage. adjusted as admittance or as impedance.
Periodical recalculation Delay of recalculation per feeder

The feeder admittances will be periodically updated A new recalculation will start, if the trigger level is
(resp. new calculated) per the adjusted period. longer exceeded than the adjusted delay.
Big changes of the admittances will be recognised by
an automatic trigger process, therefore the setting of Trigger level recalculation feeder parameters
less than 30min is not recommended. The individual trigger level for recalculation of feeder
parameters is adjusted per feeder
7.4.2.1 Trigger levels for earthfault
Trigger sensitivity, voltage threshold
Alternatively the trigger levels for alarm (resp. high During the coil movement the alarm level could be
resistant earthfault), earthfault and for the global exceeded and the tuning procedure would be inter-
asymmetry Zu can be adjusted as admittance or as rupted. The detection systems only starts the calcu-
impedance. lation, if the neutral to ground voltage exceeds the
adjusted threshold. The voltage threshold should be
set bigger than the neutral to ground voltage at the
EFD20 V1.18 page 63

June 2009 Parameter
tuning point resp. bigger than the achieved voltage either Holmgreen connection or toroidal core current
level by means of current injection. transformer with a high accuracy class (class 1 or
lower)
Trigger sensitivity, additional delay time [s]
External faults or events outside the supervised We recommend to use feeder model 1 in case of:
feeders can be recognized by comparison of the sum Toroidal core current transformers with low accuracy
of all feeder fault admittance values YF_n and the class class 3 or higher). The angle of the feeder
global fault admittance YF. reference parameter IcREF is fixed to 90.
The priority of recalculation can be controlled If you use this model for feeders with external
with the additional delay time. For example, if the coil (decentralised) Petersen coils only a part of the fault
is moving, the change of neutral to ground voltage current can be calculated. The same is valid for
could lead to a recalculation of global network feeders with a high asymmetry.
parameters by the detection system.
7.4.3 Wattmetric methode
feeder model type
The feeder model can be adapted within certain limits Activate
to the expected measurement errors of the current The wattmetric methode can be used by setting to
transformers. YES.
The reference parameter of the feeder model are Voltage threshold (primary) [V]
calculated in the healthy state. In symmetric networks An earthfault will be signalized by evaluation of the
low zero sequence voltages Vo and low zero wattmetric currents, if the detection system is switched
sequence currents Io arise (also for long feeders on during earthfault condition in the network or if the
with high capacitive currents). In case of an earth fault neutral to ground voltage is bigger than the adjusted
the expected set zero sequence current IoSet can be parameter use admittance methode up to.
calculated by means of the measured zero sequence
voltage Vo and the pre calculated parameters of the Delay time earthfault start [0.1s]
feeder model. Each deviation of the measured Io to If the earthfault lasts longer than the adjusted delay,
the expected set current IoSet are interpreted as fault the fault affected feeder will be signalized.
current. Problems arise in case of different
measurement errors (in particular angle errors) at the Interruption time [ms]
time of calculating the feeder model parameters If the neutral to ground voltage and the zero sequence
and the earth faulted situation cause by the different currents fulfill the criteria for signalization of an earth-
working points of the current transformers. fault according to the Wattmetric method and aren`t
longer interrupted, the earthfault will be signalized.
Holmgreen connection (electrical addition with three
separate current transformers): Delay time earthfault end [0.1s]
The working point of the single current transformers is The earthfault signal is reset, when the adjusted delay
mainly caused by the load current. In case of an earth expires after the end of the earthfault.
fault and a presupposed minimal load current the
working point of the individual current transformers Use tripping characteristic
changes only insignificantly, hence the Type A: The tripping section is defined by means of
measuring errors are to be expected equal. the angle precision of current tranformers
and the threshold of wattmetric current
Toroidal core current transformer: (trapezoidal characteristic).
For small zero sequence currents a relative large Type B: The wattmetric current threshold is adapted
angle error can occur (working point partly below by means of the actual measured neutral to
1%*Inominal) in the case of an earth fault however a ground voltage (adaptive characteristic).
larger zero sequence current will be measured, the
angle error becomes smaller with changing the 7.4.3.1 Tripping characteristic type A
operating point toward to the nominal current of the
transformer. The measurement errors of toroidal core Angle precision of current tranformers []
current transformers with low accuracy class (class 3 Input of the angle precision of the current transformers
and higher) can change significantly. (defines the sector of fault recognition).
We recommend to use feeder model 0 in case of: Threshold wattmetric current Iwatt [A]
- Holmgreen connection Input of the threshold of the wattmetric current per
- if external (decentralised) Petersen coils are used or supervised feeder.
for feeders with a high asymmetry in combination with
Page 64 EFD20 V1.18

Parameter June 2009
7.4.3.2 Tripping characteristic type B comparison of the simultanously recognized current
peaks without the knowledge of voltage transients.
Damping current Id1 (Id2, Id3) [A] In case of loop configurations it is recommended to
The damping current Id1 (Id2, Id3) corresponds to the adjust the current peak difference bigger or equal the
active component of the fault current in case of a very amount of monitored feeders in order to disable the
low fault resistance and approximately 100% neutral detection only per current peaks and to avoid incorrect
to ground voltage at busbar 1 (2, 3). recognition of restriking earthfaults.
Threshold factor F1 (F2, F3) [%] Delay time earthfault start [ms]
By means of factor F1 (F2, F3), the damping current The fault affected feeder will be signalized according
Id1 and the measured neutral to ground voltage Vo1 to the adjusted delay (programmable per feeder).
the wattmetric current threshold of busbar 1 (2, 3) is
determinated by the following calculation: Delay time earthfault end [0.1s]
Threshold [A] = Id1 [A] x F1 [%] x Vo1 [%] The earthfault signal is reset, after the earthfault has
gone for longer time than the adjusted end delay.
Comparative method active
By setting YES the comparative method is activated. 7.4.5 Directional ground fault
If the wattmetric currents of feeders at the same net-
work area (busbar) exceed the threshold, the earth-
protection
fault is recognized on the feeder with the highest
wattmetric current. The maximum of three free definable sectors are
avail-able for detection of a faulty feeder. The
parameters and the factory settings are descriped in
7.4.4 Transient earthfault methode chapter 5.4.4.
Activate
The transient earthfault methode is used by setting to
7.4.6 Automatic reclosing function
YES.
Activated
Voltage threshold (primary) [V] An earthfault affected feeder can be disconnected and
If the adjusted primary voltage threshold is exceeded, reclosed by setting of YES.
an earthfault will be signalized by means of the tran-
sient earthfault method. Turn off delay time 1
The delay starts at the recognition of an earthfault and
Weighting for transient fault lasts until the switch off command is sent to the circuit
During a restriking earthfault higher frequent tran- breaker.
sients in the neutral to ground voltage and in the zero
sequence currents can be observed at the ignition of Turn on delay time 1 (2)
the lightning arc. The phase shift between the tran- The delay 1 (2) starts at the switch off command and
sients are evaluated in order to determine the fault lasts until the switch on command (reclosing function).
affected feeder.
Each recognised transient in zero sequence current Pulse time for output function
leads to an increase of the counter (by the adjusted The pulse time of the switch off command is adjusted.
weighting), assigned to the faulty feeder. In case of
any transient in the zero sequence current the counter Reset ARU [s]
of the concerning feeder is decreased by step 1. If a feeder is successfully reclosed to the busbar
(heal-thy network conditions after reclosing), the ARU
Threshold for transient fault - state of the concerning feeder is reset to Start, after
If the counter of a feeder exceeds the adjusted (posi- the ad-justed delay reset ARU has been expired.
tive) threshold longer as the earthfault start delay, the In case of the next earthfault event at this feeder all
feeder will be signalized as fault affected feeder. programmed reclosing operations are available again.
Current peak difference Discrimination time [ms]

The recognition of restriking earthfault is based on the After manual (resp. external) closing in a faulty feeder
transient signal analysis. Steep rises in the voltage the switch off command is set, but the reclosing (resp.
and peaks in the currents are evaluated. On the fault switch on command) to the concerning circuit breaker
affected feeder with restriking characteristics the is automatically blocked.
peaks of currents and the voltage show the same If an earthfault appears after closing in a healthy fee-
polarity resp. the polarity of recognized current peak is der and the adjusted discrimination time is expired,
in the opposite to these of the healthy feeders. the Automatic Reclosing Unit operates according to
The faulty feeder can also be detected by means of the settings of the concerning feeder.
EFD20 V1.18 page 65

June 2009 Parameter
Observation time external switching of CB mum delta Ieci (based on middle voltage level) for a
By means of switch on (resp. off) command from ARU valid impedance calculation.
the observation time starts. If the actual circuite state
of the concerning breaker changes (known from Maximum voltage variation during injection [%]
switch replication) and the adjusted observation time If the difference of the neutral to ground voltage
is ex-pired, an external switching operation is (e.g. caused by switching operation in the network
recognized. during current injection) before and after the use of
current injection exceeds the maximum delta Vo, a
new calculation via current injection will be started.
7.5 Current injection, ECI Maximum voltage variation during injection [V]
If the difference of the neutral to ground voltage
Definition of cycle operation
(e.g. caused by switching operation in the network
The standard operation of the ECI Model 3 is the
during current injection) before and after the use of
bipolar cycle. If the ECI Model 3 isn`t available, this
current injection exceeds the maximum delta Vo, the
parameter should be set to unipolar.
controller starts a new calculation via current injection.
Maximum retries of ECI cycles
Use current injection device up to [%]
In case of invalid measured values within the maxi-
Voltage threshold for the use of the ECI device. For
mum retries, the calculation of the system impedance
the calculation of system impedances a variation of
via current injection will be interrupted and the con-
the neutral to ground voltage is necessary. If the
troller changes automatically to tuning of ASC (only in
neutral to ground voltage is too high, an insufficient
case of plunger core coil) by means of redundancy
variation of Vo would be caused by current injection.
controlling.
7.5.2 Inverse mode

7.5.1 Time definitions
Activate
Measurement time [s]
In symmetric networks an increase of the very small
The controller evaluates average values of all mea-
neutral to ground voltage is possible by means of the
sured signals within the adjusted measurement time.
current injection. If the inverse mode is activated
(YES), the current injection is permanently switched
Response time [s]
on and therefore a reliable criterion is available for
The circuit state of the current injection device will be
necessary tuning operations.
checked after a switch on/off command. If the expec-
ted circuit state isn`t signalized within the response
Start threshold [V]
time, the controller changes automatically to redun-
The controller starts the inverse mode of the current
dancy controlling (in case of plunger core coil).
injection, if the network is tuned, the neutral to ground
voltage is below the adjusted start threshold (ECI is
Settling time [s]
switched off) and the injected current causes an in-
After switching on (off) of the current injection the tran-
crease of the neutral to ground voltage. The controller
sients could lead to invalid measured values. There-
changes back to the normal operation mode, if the
fore the measurement will be delayed by the settling
network is tuned and the neutral to ground voltage
time.
exceeds the start threshold without the active current
injection.
Wait for end of voltage variations
Disturbances in the neutral to ground voltage could
Multiple busbar operating mode, use
lead to invalid measured values by means of current
The use of one (resp. the own) current injection device
injection (reliability conditions are not fulfilled). If the
or the use of all current injection devices can be selec-
voltage variations is set to YES, the use of current
ted in case of coupling condition of the busbars.
injection will be delayed after each invalid measured
values.
Pass control
If the controller is configured as Slave and the inverse
Minimum voltage change V [V]
operating of the ECI device is activated, the pass
The voltage variation before and during the current
control must be adjusted to YES. Otherwise the
injection must exceed the minimum delta Vo (based
Master can`t switch off the ECI of the Slave in case of
on middle voltage level) for valid measured values.
coupled busbars.
Minimum current change Ieci [A]
The difference of the injected current before and
during active current injection must exceed the mini-
Page 66 EFD20 V1.18

Parameter June 2009
7.5.3 Coupling detection via 7.6.2 Text definitions
neutral to ground voltages
Comments (e.g. feeder name, cubicle name, a.s.o.)
Activate can be typed in for flags, Scada variables and analog
If the coupling detection is activated, the recognition of outputs.
busbar coupling condition will be performed via
current injection and comparison of the neutral to 7.6.3 Analog output characteristics
ground voltages of both busbars.
The characteristic of the analog outputs and the limits
Tolerance voltage difference [%] (minimum, break, maximum) are adjusted in percen-
The difference vector of the two voltages has to be tage and the corresponding mA-limits.
within the set threshold if coupled. The parameter is
related to the bigger one of the two voltages. 7.6.4 Check in/outputs
Minimum tolerance voltage difference Vo1-Vo2 [V] The measured analog input values (ratio and phase
If the amount of the difference vector (Vo1-Vo2) is correction aren`t considered), the state of digital inputs
lower than the adjusted threshold, a check of coupling and input function are shown. The state of a flag or a
condition will be performed. digital output can be changed for test purpose.
Tolerance delta voltage difference dVo1-dVo2 [%]

Initially a reference vector is calculated in the coupled 7.7 System configuration
condition (difference vector Vo1 and Vo2). Afterwards
it is continuously checked if the actual difference vec- Date and time
tor is approximately equal the stored one. Coupling is Setting of date (format yyyy-mm-dd)
still recognised if the difference between the two vec- Setting of time (format hh:mm)
tors (dVo1, dVo2) is within the adjusted threshold. The
parameter is related to the bigger one of the two vol- Language
tages and of the reference value. If the threshold is Available languages are German and English.
exceeded a check of the coupling condition is started
by means of the ECI. 7.7.1 Data recorder
New check of coupling state at variation of Vo [%] Recording intervall
If a separated condition is recognised, the reference Measured values, the actual state of in- / output func-
values of the actual neutral to ground voltages are tions and flags are recorded to ring buffer by means of
stored. A new recognition of a coupling condition must the adjusted recording intervall. Additional data are
not start, if the neutral to ground voltages stay below recorded during a controller tuning procedure or if an
the set variation (related to the individual neutral to earthfault appears in the network. The recording inter-
ground voltage). vall can be adjusted from 1 to 1800 s by step 1. The
whole buffer content is stored to an archiv file on the
Delay time for coupling detection [0,1s] internal flash disk before the buffer will be overwritten
A check of the coupling condition by means of the ECI or immediatly after the feeding voltage is failed.
is only performed, if the calculated trigger criteria
(tolerance of Vo1, Vo2 and minimum tolerance of Vo1, Screensaver
Vo2) continuously exceeds during the adjusted delay. The display will be switched dark after the adjusted
switch off delay (5-60min). By pushing the scroll wheel
7.6 In/outputs the display will be lighted again.
7.6.1 Programming PLC 7.7.2 CAN - setup
All assignments to in and outputs, definition of logic The CAN - adjustments are used for the communica-
variables, etc. can be made within the PLC-file. tion with the Expansion box EFX20.
Please refer to chapter 3 (operation) for general infor-
mation and to chapter 7.8 for complete instructions. CAN - setup EFX.1
Activated
If an Expansion box is installed, the parameter must
be set to YES.
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June 2009 Parameter
Text definition, device name 7.7.5 LAN settings
A string can be typed in for the device name.
Please ask your network administrator the correct ad-
Edit EFX card access justments (IP address, subnetmask, standard-
The digital output cards of Expansion box EFX20 are gateway, a.s.o.) for cummunication via EFD20 LAN-
selected resp. enabled (Yes) or disabled (NO). The interface.
EFD20 handles all digital in- / outputs of EFX20 with
logical state 0 in case of communication interruption IP address multicast
via CAN - interface. The connection between two EFD20 via LAN-interface
can be used for exchanging arithmetical or logical
7.7.3 Password assignment data (e.g. digital input) with the PLC of the second
device resp. with the adjusted IP address multicast.
Passwords in the range of 1 .. 32767 (step 1) can be
typed in. In case of any incorresponding inputs the SNTP settings
standard passwords of the service levels will be set. Please ask your network administrator the correct ad-
justments for time synchronization via SNTP (simple
Use passwords network time protocol).
The menu is password protected with setting YES.
7.7.6 Scada system
Operation level
Change of the standard password 1 for Operation Activated
level. The communication with the Scada system is enabled
by setting of YES.
Commissioning level
Change of the standard password 2 for Device address
Commissioning level. The EFD20 and the Scada system only can communi-
cate, if the adjusted device address in EFD20 corres-
Expert level ponds to the used address by the Scada system.
Change of the standard password 3 for expert level. Device addresses in the range of 1 .. 255 are avail-
able, the standard setting is 10.
Call up of several menu levels
If desired, the parameters of more than one menu 7.7.6.1 Interface parameter
level are available by means of one and the same
password assigned to concerning menu levels. Scada to port
The serial interface for communication with the Scada
7.7.4 Communication parameter system is selected (recommended COM2 .. COM4).
Terminal port Baud rate

The serial interface (COM2, .., COM4) for the use of Standard baud rates in the range of 1200 .. 19200 Bd
the terminal program EFD20Term is selected. If de- are available. The standard setting is 9600 Bd.
activated is selected, only the communication via
direct connection at COM1 is available (please refer to Data bit, parity, stop bits
chapter 4.6.3). Please change the following standard settings only
after the feedback with Trench Austria or the Scada
Terminal address system manufacturer.
For communication of the controller with a PC (and
EFD20Term) the set address has to correspond with protocol data bit parity stop bits
the used address in the terminal program. By the use SPABus 7 EVEN 1
of different terminal addresses it is possible to com- IEC 8 EVEN 1
municate with multiple EFD20 via only one modem.
The several devices are connected to the modem via Motor pulse time
an interface distribution box. Addresses in the range of The pulse time for coil movement via the Scada
0 .. 15 (step 1) are selectable (standard setting is 10). system is adjusted.
Baudrate
Standard transmission rates between 1.200 and
115200 baud are adjustable.
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Parameter June 2009
7.7.6.2 Event configuration SPABus enabled in the menu configuration. The events can be
configured by the following way:
The events will be configured according to the used c ... coming
Scada protocol. The Scada protocol is adjusted in the g ... going
menu enable options. c/g ... coming / going
OFF ... disabled
Enable events
The events signalizing to the Scada system must be Information number (INFO)
enabled in the menu event configuration. The events The standard setting is descriped in chapter 9. If
can be configured by the following way: desired, the information number may be changed.
c ... coming
g ... going 7.7.6.3.2 Command configuration
c/g ... coming / going
OFF ... disabled The standard command configuration (INFO) is
descriped in chapter 9. If desired, the information
Channel and event number may be changed.
The standard setting is channel 1 for all events
(refer to chapter 9). If desired, that the event Motor up 7.7.6.3.3 Measurands configuration
coming should be transmitted via channel 2, the set-
ting 1E0 must be set to 2E0. Type ID, measured value
The following type identification and measured value
Display the analog values in are selectable:
The analog values can be transmitted to the Scada - M_ME_NC_1 ... measured value, FLOAT
system either as Real and Imaginary value (real-imag) without time tag
or as amount and phase value (value-angle). - M_ME_TC_1 ... measured value, FLOAT
with time tag (CP24Time2a)
Automatic strobe of the Scada - M_ME_TF_1 ... measured value, FLOAT
By request of the measured values first the measure- with time tag (CP56Time2a)
ment information of all channels is frozen with the help
of the automatic strobe pulse of the Scada system. Configuration
Then the measured data are prepared to Floating The transmission of measurands can be individually
point - format for transmission. switched on / off. If desired, the following measurands
configuration (factory setting) may be changed:
7.7.6.3 IEC101 - protocol balanced measurand ... Info
Ipos ... 1025
7.7.6.3.1 Event configuration Vo ... 1026
Id ... 1027
TypID single point information Iv ... 1028
The following adjustments (TypID and single point
information) for transmission of events are selectable:
- M_SP_NA_1 ... single point information 7.7.6.3.4 Counter configuration
without time tag
- M_SP_TA_1 ... single point information TypeID, counter
with time tag (CP24Time2a) The following adjustments are selectable for transmis-
- M_SP_TB_1 ... single point information sion of counters (statistics and amount of earthfault
with time tag (CP56Time2a) signals per feeder):
- M_DP_NA_1 ... double point information - M_IT_NC_1 ... statistics without time tag
without time tag - M_IT_TC_1 ... statistics with
- M_DP_TA_1 ... double point information time tag (CP24Time2a)
with time tag (CP24Time2a) - M_IT_TF_1 ... statistics with
- M_DP_TB_1 ... double point information time tag (CP56Time2a)
with time tag (CP56Time2a)
Configuration
Configuration The transmission for counters can be individually
The events signalizing to the Scada system must be switched on / off. If desired, the counter configuration
(refer to chapter 9 factory setting) may be changed.
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June 2009 Parameter
7.7.6.3.5 Manual search for earthfault Value Ipos
Ipos: The actual coil position [%] is based on the
Measurands configuration maximum ASC current (Imax).
If desired, the standard settings descriped in chapter Ipos+Ifix: The actual coil position [%] is based on the
9.2.3 may be changed. maximum ASC current (Imax). If the con-
troller gets the information (e.g. via digital
Command configuration input), that the fix coil (current Ifix) is closed
If desired, the standard settings descriped in chapter in, the actual coil position [%] is based on
9.2.3 may be changed. Imax+Ifix.
7.7.6.4 IEC103 -, IEC101&103 - protocol ID message

The function type (standard = 5) and the compatibility
7.7.6.4.1 Event configuration state (standard = 0) for the device identification can be
adjusted. The recommended setting is standard, for
The events for IEC103 - resp. IEC101&103 - protocol AEG - Scada systems the adjustment of AEG ATLAS
are configured. The selection of the protocol is perfor- is also possible. The Identification is transferred with
med in the menu enable options / Scada. data unit (5) and contains following information:
Release of event EFD TA device type EFD

The events (e.g. outputfunctions, flags) are enabled / V118 software version V1-18
disabled for transmission at the event filter:
c ... coming Distance location
g ... going The feeders - arranged to a closed loop - are selected
c/g ... coming / going via channel 1 and 2 for the determination of the earth-
OFF ... disabled fault location. The standard setting for channel 1 is
Func 130 and for channel 2 it is Func 131. By means
Function type (Func), Information number (Info) of the Information number 1 ... 32 the concerning
The standard settings are described in chapter 9.2.3. feeders 1 ... 32 are transmitted.
The numbers may be changed if necessary. The distance to the fault location will be evaluated,
after the start - command (Func 132 and INFO 1) has
7.7.6.4.2 Command configuration been sent. By the use of Func 132 and INFO 2 the
method for distance location will be reset.
The standard settings are described in chapter 9.2.4.
The numbers may be changed if necessary. 7.7.6.4.4 IEC101 settings
7.7.6.4.3 Protocol fine tuning Device address

The EFD20 and the Scada system can only communi-
IEC mval 120%= cate, if the adjusted device address in EFD20 corres-
Scaling of measured values, which are transferred in ponds to the used address by the Scada system.
the format CP16 and data unit (3). Following adjust- Device addresses in the range of 1 .. 255 are avail-
ments are available: able, the standard setting is 19.
2048: value range 0-120% -> 0 to integer 2047
4096: value range 0-120% -> 0 to integer 4095 Interface parameter
Measurands send via IEC101 Scada to port

The data unit (ADSU3 or ADSU 9) of the transferred The serial interface for communication with the
values is selected (refer to chapter 9). IEC101- Scada is selected.
Measurands I FUNC Baud rate

The function type (standard = 1) of the transferred Standard baud rates in the range of 1200 .. 19200 Bd
values may be changed if necessary. are available. The standard setting is 9600 Bd.
Measurands I INFO Data bit, parity, stop bits

The information number (standard 20) of the transfer- Please refer to chapter 7.7.5.1
red values may be changed if necessary.
Maximum response time
The maximum response time of periodical request can
be typed in (standard setting is 5000).
Page 70 EFD20 V1.18

Parameter June 2009
Delay time 7.8.2 Operators
If the circuit states of breakers and disconnectors
(switch replication) isn`t transmitted within the maxi- Boolean operators
mum response time, the EFD will log on to the Scada Operators for Boolean variables are:
system after the adjusted dely (interpulse time).
! ... NOT
Polling of circuit state indication | ... OR
The indication of breakers and disconnectors (switch & ... AND
replication) are requested according to the adjusted !| ... NOR
polling period (standard setting is 500). !& ... NAND
^ ... EXOR
!^ ... EXNOR
7.8 PLC programming BTOI ... CONVERTER (BOOLEAN --> INTEGER)
The PLC-file is processed synchronized, that means AOFUNC operators

the program lines may be arranged in any way. Operators of analog outputs are:
The following PLC - elements are available: AO01 ... analog output characteristic 1
AO02 ... analog output characteristic 2
- Internal variables (Flags, Variables, Constants)
- Operators Slope operators
- PLC - functions (Timer, Counters, FLip Flops, aso.) Operators for slope sensitive trigger are:
- In- and output functions
+SLOPE ... pos. slope
-SLOPE ... neg. slope
7.8.1 Internal variables SLOPE ... pos. oder neg. slope
Flags M[0] ... M[127]
Comparing operators
Flags are Boolean variables, the state of a flag can
Operators for numerical variables. The result is of type
only be TRUE or FALSE. An assigned expression
Boolean.
to one flag must be of type Boolean. Any name accor-
ding to the meaning can be assigned to individual flag.
< ... LESS
The actual states off all flags are stored in the data
<= ... LESS OR EQUAL
buffer.
> ... GREATER
>= ... GREATER OR EQUAL
Example: The circuit state of the circuit breaker
== ... EQUAL
feeder 1 is stored in flag (10).
!= ... NOT EQUAL
M[M010FEEDER01]=DI[D0105]
Arithmetic operators
Variables V[0] ... V[31]
Operators for numerical values are:
Values (e.g. voltage, current, etc.), which are assigned
to variables, must be of numerical type.
+ ... ADD
- ... SUBTRACT
Numerical values can be variables, constants, values
* ... MULTIPLY
of some analog inputs (e.g. V01, V02, etc.) or calcu-
/ ... DIVIDE
lated values like Ires (resonance point). The states of
% ... MODULO
counters, timers and sample & hold functions also
have numerical values.
7.8.3 PLC - functions
Example: The amount of the neutral to ground
voltage Vo1 is assigned to variable 0. The unit of time in the PLC - editor is [ms]. The maxi-
V[0]=AI[V01_V] mum possible input of time corresponds to one day
(resp. 86400 *10 - 1).
Arithmetic Constants C[0] ... C[31]
Constants are numerical values, which are defined as 7.8.3.1 Delay DLY[0] ... DLY[63]
constant values.
The delays are defined in the following expression:
Example: The constant 0 is set to 1150. DLY[0-63].SET(DelayStart,DelayStop,
C[0]=1150 Boolean expression)
The boolean expression is delayed by delay start and
hold for delay stop.
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June 2009 Parameter
Example: 7.8.3.5 TIMER function TMR[0] ... TMR[63]
An overvoltage (Vo > Vearth) shall be signalized 5s
delayed on output D0301 for 2 seconds. The timers are defined in the following expression:
Delay 0 is defined: TMR[0-63].SET(runningTime)

DLY[000].SET(5000,2000,OF[EARTHFAULT]) The timer will stop after the adjusted running time.
If the running time is set to 0, the timer will not stop.
Delay 0 is assigned to digital output D0301:
DO[D0301]=DLY[000].READ() TMR[0-63].START(Boolic expression)
The timer starts at the rising edge of the boolean ex-
7.8.3.2 Pulse function PLS[0] ... PLS[63] pression.
The pulses are defined in the following expression: TMR[0-63].STOP(Boolic expression)

PLS[0-63].SET(tPulse,Boolean expression) The timer will stop at the rising edge of the boolean
expression.
The rising edge of the boolean expression initiates a
pulse with the interpulse time of tPulse. TMR[0-63].READ()
The run time of timer 47 (start - stop event) is
Example: assigned to an internal variable (e.g. V[20]).
The Motor up pulse should be generated to ASC for V[20]=TMR[047].READ()
3s on digital output D0207.
7.8.3.6 Counter function CNT[0] ... CNT[63]
Pulse 0 is defined:
PLS[0].SET(3000,OF[MOT_UP]) The timers are defined in the following expression:
Pulse 0 is assigned to digital output D0207: CNT[0-63].SET(MIN,MAX,INIT)

DO[D0207]=PLS[000].READ() The timer starts at the INIT - value, counts up to the
MAX - value and continues at the MIN - value.
The pulse function can be modified to get more than If only one parameter (INIT) will be adjusted, the MIN
one cycle, start delays and interpulse times. is set to 0 and MAX to 999999.
7.8.3.3 Sample & Hold SH[0] ... SH[63] INCREASE COUNTER CNT[0-63].INC(trigger)
The sample and hold function stores an arithmetic The counter [0-63] is increased by step 1 at the rising
value at any time. edge of the trigger (event).
Example: CNT[0-63].MODIFY(changes,boolean expression)

The actual coil position (Sample & Hold 5) shall be At the rising edge of the boolean expression an arith-
stored in variable (17), if an earthfault appears. metic value will be added to the actual counter state.
The storing event (earthfault) is defined: DECREASE CNT[0-63].DEC(trigger)

SH[005].SET(AI[IPOS_A],OF[EARTHFAULT]) The counter [0-63] is decreased by step 1 at the rising
edge of the trigger (event).
The coil position is assigned to variable 17:
V[17]=SH[005].READ() RESET CNT[0-63].RESET(trigger)
The counter [0-63] will be reset to the INIT - value at
7.8.3.4 FLIP FLOP FF[0] ... FF[63] rising edge of trigger (event).
Instead of a numerical value a boolean expression is READ COUNTER CNT[0-63].READ()

stored at any time. The actual state (numerical value) of counter [0-63] is
delivered and assigned to an internal variable.
Example:
The tuning condition of the network (tuned) should be Example:
stored on flag 7, if an earthfault appears. The internal variable V[49] shall contain the amount of
The storing event (earthfault) is defined: controller errors.
FF[000].SET(OF[TUNED],OF[EARTHFAULT]) Counter 49 is initiated to 0:
The tuning condition is assigned to flag 7: CNT[009].SET(0)
M[M007]=FF[000].READ() Counter 49 is increased, if controller error:
CNT[049].INC(OF[ERROR])
Read counter 49 and assign to variable V(49)
V[049]=CNT[049].READ()
Page 72 EFD20 V1.18

Parameter June 2009
7.8.4 Available input functions
Nr input funktion note
0 IF[MIF_END_I_MAX] upper end switch
1 IF[MIF_END_I_MIN] lower end switch
2 IF[CIF_CONTRBLOCK] command block controller
3 IF[CIF_CONTR_ON] command switch on controller
4 IF[CIF_CONTR_OFF] command switch off controller
5 IF[CIF_MOT_UP] external command motor up
6 IF[CIF_MOT_DOW N] external command motor down
7 IF[MIF_FIX_IS_ON] fix coil is closed in
8 IF[CIF_SWITCH] external power switch
9 IF[CIF_RP_TRIGG] resistor control: manual trigger
10 IF[CIF_RP_BLOCK] resistor control: external block resistor
11 IF[MIF_RP_IS_ON] resistor control: feedback resistor is on
12 IF[MIF_STC_READY] step coil: feedback coil adjustment
13 IF[MIF_ASC_ERROR] error signal ASC: if activated, the controller signalizes an error
14 IF[MIF_BUCH_WARN] Buchholz warning
15 IF[MIF_BUCH_TRIP] Buchholz trip
16 IF[MIF_TEMP_WARN] temperature warning
17 IF[MIF_TEMP_TRIP] temperature trip
18 IF[CIF_CONTR_TRIGG] forced trigger of controller
19 IF[MIF_SPS_BOOT] input function is activated during startup of PLC
(in case of switch on the EFD or after storing of parameters)
20 IF[MIF_MESSAGE_1] message 1
21 IF[MIF_SLAVE] controller is Slave (in case of multiple busbar configuration)
22 IF[MIF_ASC_1_IS_ON] ASC1 is closed in
25 IF[MIF_COUPLED_BB1_BB2] busbar 1 and busbar 2 are coupled
28 IF[MIF_ECI_REQUEST] external request of current injection device (e.g. of Slave)

29 IF[MIF_ECI_USED] external use of current injection device (e.g. of Slave)
30 IF[MIF_ECI_POS_1] feedback: current injection 1 is switched on (pos. polarity)
33 IF[MIF_ECI_NEG_1] feedback: current injection 1 is switched on (neg. polarity)
36 IF[MIF_EDC_REQUEST] external request of detuning capacitor EDC
37 IF[MIF_EDC_USED] external use of detuning capacitor EDC
38 IF[MIF_EDC_1] feedback: detuning capacitor EDC1 is switched on
44 IF[CIF_DET_ON] command switch on detection system
45 IF[CIF_DET_OFF] command switch off detection system
46 IF[CIF_DET_TRIGG] forced trigger detection system
47 IF[CIF_TRIGG_FB1] data recorder: forced record 1
(trigger of forced record 1 is programmed
and assigned to input function in PLC-file)
48 IF[CIF_TRIGG_FB2] data recorder: forced record 2 (similar to FB1)
EFD20 V1.18 page 73

June 2009 Parameter
52 IF[USE_RING_1] command: use ring configuration 1
57 IF[CIF_BLOCK_INTER_BB1] command: block Transient earthfault method busbar 1
79 IF[ARU_QUIT] Automatic reclosing unit: command block all tripping signals
80 IF[ARU_BLOCK_PS_1] Automatic reclosing unit: command block reclosing power switch 1
... ... ...
7.8.5 Output functions

Nr output function note
0 OF[MOT_UP] command motor up
1 OF[MOT_DOWN] command motor down
2 OF[EARTHFAULT] earthfault (Vo > Vearth)
3 OF[V_MAX] Vmax (Vo > Vmax)
4 OF[ERROR] controller error signal
5 OF[CONTR_IS_ON] controller is switched on
6 OF[CONTR_BLOCK] controller is blocked
7 OF[LOCAL] local mode (commands from remote control system are blocked)
8 OF[END_I_MAX] upper end switch
9 OF[END_I_MIN] lower end switch
10 OF[HW_ALARM] hardware alert
11 OF[PARA_ALARM] parameter alert
12 OF[V12_TOO_LOW] reference voltage too low (V12 < 10% of nominal voltage)
13 OF[TUNED_NC] network tuned, not compensated
14 OF[TUNED] network tuned
15 OF[V_MIN] Vmin (Vo < Vmin)
19 OF[RP_ON] resistor control: command switch on resistor
20 OF[XBOX_1_OK] communication with expansion box 1 is Ok
21 OF[XBOX_2_OK] communication with expansion box 2 is Ok
22 OF[RP_BLOCK] resistor control: resistor is blocked
25 OF[IEC101_TIMEOUT] maximum response time IEC101 (switch replication) exceeded
27 OF[FIX_ON] fix coil is closed in
29 OF[ECI_USED4CD] current injection is used for coupling detection
via neutral to ground voltages
30 OF[BUCH_WARN] Buchholz warning (transit message: IF[MIF_BUCH_WARN])
31 OF[BUCH_TRIP] Buchholz trip (transit message: IF[MIF_BUCH_TRIP])
32 OF[TEMP_WARN] temperature warning (transit message: IF[MIF_TEMP_WARN])
33 OF[TEMP_TRIP] temperature trip (transit message: IF[MIF_TEMP_TRIP])
34 OF[IS_MASTER] controller is Master (in case of multiple busbar configuration)
35 OF[IS_SLAVE] controller is Slave (in case of multiple busbar configuration)
36 OF[COUPLED_BB1_BB2] busbar 1 and busbar 2 are coupled
39 OF[ECI_REQUEST] internal request of current injection device
40 OF[ECI_USED] internal use of current injection device
41 OF[ECI_POS_1] command switch on current injection 1 (pos. polarity)
Page 74 EFD20 V1.18

Parameter June 2009
44 OF[ECI_NEG_1] command switch on current injection 1 (neg. polarity)
47 OF[ECI_ERROR_1] current injection 1 error signal
50 OF[ECI_ERROR] current injection global error signal
51 OF[CONTR_RED] controller operates in redundancy mode (simplified tuning procedure
via coil movement, only in case of plunger core coil)
52 OF[ECI_USED4CONTR] internal use of current injection by controller
53 OF[ECI_USED4DET] internal use of current injection by detection system
54 OF[EDC_REQUEST] request of detuning capacitor
55 OF[EDC_USED] detuning capacitor is used
56 OF[EDC_1] command switch on detuning capacitor 1
59 OF[EDC_ERROR_1] detuning capacitor 1 circuit state error
62 OF[EDC_ERROR] global error signal detuning capacitor 1, 2, 3
63 OF[DET_IS_ON] detection system is switched on
64 OF[DET_ALARM_1] detection system error signal busbar 1
High resistant earthfault signals, Admittance methode

67 OF[FEEDER_1_ALARM] High resistant earthfault feeder 1
... ... ...
98 OF[FEEDER_32_ALARM] High resistant earthfault feeder 32
99 OF[BB_1_ALARM] global high resistant earthfault signal busbar 1
Earthfault signals, Admittance methode

102 OF[FEEDER_1_EARTH] earthfault feeder 1
... ... ...
133 OF[FEEDER_32_EARTH] earthfault feeder 32
134 OF[BB_1_EARTH] global earthfault signal busbar 1
Earthfault signals, Wattmetric or Transient earthfault methode

137 OF[FEEDER_1_TRIP] earthfault feeder 1
... ... ...
168 OF[FEEDER_32_TRIP] earthfault feeder 32
169 OF[BB_1_TRIP] global earthfault signal busbar 1, Wattmetric methode
172 OF[BB_1_TRANS_TRIP] global earthfault signal busbar 1, Transient earthfault methode
175 OF[BB_1_POLY_VALID] Polygon methode: valid earthfault location busbar 1
178 OF[BB_1_SEARCH] busbar 1: ready for manual fault detection via switching operation
EFD20 V1.18 page 75

June 2009 Parameter
181 OF[ARU_WORKS] Automatic reclosing unit is operating
182 OF[ARU_BB_1_PS1_OFF] command switch off power switch 1 on busbar 1
... ... ...
214 OF[ARU_BB_1_PS1_ON] command reclose power switch 1 on busbar 1
... ... ...
... ... ...
... ... ...
... ... ...
... ... ...
AI[ARU_STATE_01] Internal state of Automatic Reclosing Unit on feeder 1
... ... ...
AI[ARU_STATE_32] Internal state of Automatic Reclosing Unit on feeder 32
AI[FEEDER_STATE_01] Assignment to monitoring group (resp. bus section) of feeder 1
... ... ...
AI[FEEDER_STATE_32] Assignment to monitoring group (resp. bus section) of feeder 32
Page 76 EFD20 V1.18

Parameter June 2009
8 EFD20Term
8.1 Basics 8.3 Installation

EFD20Term is made for Microsoft Windows to support - Insert TRENCH CD into the CD disc drive.
the earthfault protection device EFD20. The program - Select and start the file setup.exe
is able to communicate with the device via the serial - During the installation you are requested to enter
interface - direct or via modem. The program consists installation path and program group.
of three different parts according to the following - Confirm the end of the installation with Ok. The
functions: installation is finished and EFD20Term can be
executed in the selected program group.
- Terminal program EFD20Term for remote control,
data transfer, online parameter setting and
software update. 8.4 EFD20Term
- EFD20Analyse for analysis of the measured data
stored by the device.
The terminal program starts with the following window.
- EFD20Param for offline parameter setting of the
device.
8.2 Minimum requirements to

the PC
- IBM-compatible PC
8.4.1 Menu File
- 4 MB RAM
- 4 MB free hard disk memory EFD20 Analyse
- serial interface RS232 This menu item opens the program part, where an
- CD - drive evaluation of stored measured values (data recorder
- Windows-compatible graphic card and display and archive files) can be done.
- Windows-compatible mouse
- Microsoft Windows 98, NT 4.0, Win2000, XP
EFD20 V1.18 Page 77

June 2009 8 EFD20Term
EFD20 Param Software update
This menu item opens the program part, where device Enter the serial number of the device and the corres-
parameters can be prepared. ponding password for the softwareupdate. Please also
enter (resp. select) the name and the directory of the
Exit new EFD20 - program or eventually of the new DSP -
The terminal program is finished. program (software for signal processor).
The password and the necessary files can be ordered
8.4.2 Menu Functions at Trench Austria, if a software update is available.
Load parameters from controller
Enter name and directory for the parameter file of the

EFD20 . The parameters from the device will be
stored into the PC. The percentage of transferred data
is shown in the displayed bar.
Transmit parameters to controller
Enter name and directory of a parameter file already

stored on the PC. The PC will send the parameters to
the device. The percentage of transferred data is
shown in the displayed bar. The transferred data can
be checked in the EFD20 menu, which opens auto-
matically. In order to store the new settings in the
device finally, this must be confirmed with store when
leaving the menu.
If you do not want to store the new transferred para-
meter in the device, you can leave the menu with
ignore. Afterwards the device is again working with
the old settings.
Load Data buffer After confirmation (OK) a second window opens,

where you select, if you want to transfer EFD20 or
Enter the name and the directory for the data file of DSP software.
the EFD20. The device will send the recorded data
(stored in memory) to the PC. The percentage of
transfered data is shown in the displayed bar.
Load Archiv
Enter name and directory for the EFD20 data file. The
INF - file informs about all events (e.g. earthfault
signal) recorded to the concerning data file. The
device will send the archiv data (stored on flash disc)
to the PC. The percentage of transfered data is shown
in the displayed bar.
Load statistics
Enter the name and the directory for the statistic data
file of the EFD20. The device will send the statistics to
the PC. The percentage of transfered data is shown in
the displayed bar. The transfer lasts about 2 min at 115.2 kBd
Monitoring controller
The terminal mode of EFD20Term (remote operation)
starts. The device display will be shown on the PC-
monitor and the device software version is included to
the headline of the window (see picture on first page
of this chapter).
Page 78 EFD20 V1.18

8 EFD20Term June 2009
8.4.3 Menu Settings Port: Interface at the PC. Internal modems must be
assigned to a free virtual port. Please note that
Comunication EFDTerm should not be opened twice on your PC
The relevant settings for PC, modem and data trans- otherwise the serial interface on you PC could be
mission can be set. blocked.
Modem The following settings must be the same as at the

Several different modems can be added in the fol- device:
lowing window. The file kommpar.dat contains all - Baudrate
settings (name, phone numbers, etc) of the stations. - Parity
The directory of this file is shown here. - Databits
- Device address
Delay time between data [ms]:

- 0 at direct connection
- 10 - 50 via modem
Modem parameter
The communication parameters of listed modems can
be set here. You can find the relevant settings for your
modem in the modem instruction manual.
Communication settings
Init string
In principle modems, which are initialized by factory
settings (&F), can operate with EFD20Term. Additional
adjustments (e.g. X3) correspond to the individual
phone plants.
For instance, if an ELSA Microlink 33k is used, the init

string &F%C0%G1%B9600 effects, that data com-
pression is deactivated and transmission speed is
constant (9600 Bd).
Disconnect communication
Disconnects an existing connection
EFD20 V1.18 Page 79

Connect communication The symbols correspond to the following commands:
Trys to build up a connection. If Use modem is
selected, a window opens, where you have to select Symbol Command
the desired station.
Connect
Disconnect
Start terminal
mode
Load data buffer
Load archiv files
Load statistics
Here the parameters of existing stations can be Load event list

adjusted or revised.
Load parameters
from controller
Transmit parameter
to controller
Help (not available
in EFDTerm)
Status bar
displays or hides the bar
8.4.5 Menu About EFD20Term

The options Ask for password or Callback can only
be activated, if the modem in the station supports shows EFD20Term version and the corresponding
these features. The passwords and the callback device software.
phone numbers have been stored in the station
modem.
Language
German or English.
Colour setting
The background colour of the screen image can be
set green (like at the LCD-display) or white.
8.4.4 Menu View

Symbol bar
Page 80 EFD20 V1.18

8.5 EFD20Analyse 8.5.2 Menu Edit
The analysis program starts with the following window. Select curves
When a file is opened or transfered no curves are
selected first. This window shows the selectable
curves. The desired curves must be added into the
right window.
8.5.1 Menu File

Open
A stored file (*.mwp) can be selected and opened.
Save
A revised file can be stored under the same name.
Save as
A revised or new file can be stored. Name and
directory can be stated.
Save as ASCII table
The data can be stored in ASCII-format (*.asc) in order

to support also other programs (e.g. Excel, Access,
etc. ). Representation
calls the window Display measured values
Print
Prints the evaluated curves.
Print preview
Displays the printer output on the monitor.
Print setup
The setup of the installed printer can be adjusted.
Last files
The 4 last opened files can be chosen.
EFD20Term
This menu item opens the program part with the
terminal function.
EFD20 Param
This menu item opens the program part, where device
parameters can be prepared.
Exit
The analysis program is finished.
EFD20 V1.18 Page 81

Inscription of the time axis Event list settings
relatively: time starts from begin of record
absolutely: actual device time
none: no time stamps
x-y diagram settings

This dialog can only be opened, after the item Dis-
play x-y diagram of menu View has been selected
previousely. This application is mainly intended for
display of the resonance curve (Coil position Ipos in
the x-axis, Vo1 or Vo2 in the y-axis.)
In order to open this dialog, the item display event

list must be selected. The dialog fulfills the function of
a signal filter. The individual event corresponds to the
output function of the device and can be configured as
entry to the event list.
8.5.3 Menu Zoom

Rectangular Zoom
The cursor in the main window changes into a magni-
fier lens. A rectangular cut out can be selected for
zooming in. The maximum expansion depends on the
number of selected curves and the displayed time
range. If the expansion is not suficient the number of
curves must be decreased or the selected time range
Example
must be shortened.
In order to get the complete resonance curve, the coil
could be adjusted through the whole range. Afterwards
Fit
the data buffer is transferred to the PC and the corres-
The selected curves are fitted into the actual window
ponding time range should be selected before the
size. This command is also available in the symbol
changing into x-y diagram.
bar.
Reset
The scaling of the curves is made according to the
individual ranges of the displayd values. This
command is also available in the symbol bar.
Halve horizontal
The time scale will be halved.
Double horizontal
The time scale will be doubled.
Halve vertical
The y - scale will be halved.
Double vertical
The y - scale will be doubled.
Set...
Input of scale factors for zoom in x and y direction.
Page 82 EFD20 V1.18

8.5.4.Menu Settings Status bar
Language
German or English
Display values
Time intervall opens the window with the measured values at the
The displayed time range can be set according to the actual cursor position.
chosen window (current) or to the entire time range of
the stored data buffer. Display x-y diagram
opens the window with the x-y display of the chosen
8.5.5 Menu View data.
Display event list

Symbol bar
opens the window, which includes the entries of the
event list during the selected time (Representation)
The symbols correspond to following commands:
Symbol Command
Open
Save
Print
Enlarge
Fit zoom
Display vector diagram

Reset scales opens the window containing the vector diagram of the
selected curves (menu edit / select curves) at actual
Halve horizontal cursor position.
Double horizontal
Halve vertical
Double vertical
Entire range
Window range
Cursor left
Cursor right
About Analyse
EFD20 V1.18 Page 83

Display list of faults Factory settings
opens the window including the list of faults within the Factory settings according to available current injections
selected time (time axis in menu display measured can be opened:
values). Master unipolar (ECI with one cycle)
Slave unipolar (ECI with one cycle)
Master bipolar (ECI with two cycle)
Slave bipolar (ECI with two cycle)
Print
8.5.6 Menu About EFD20 Analyse Prints the parameter list. Only the parameters of the
selected service level will be listed. The headline of
shows EFD20Analyse version and fitting device the print includes the serial number (ID) and the in-
software. stalled software version of the device.
Print preview
Displays the printer output on the monitor.
Print setup
The setup of the installed printer can be adjusted.
Last files
The 4 last opened files can be chosen.
EFD20Term
This menu item opens the program part with the
terminal function.
EFD20 Analyse
8.6 EFD20 Param This menu item opens the program part, where an
evaluation of the recorded values (data buffer and
The parameter program starts with the following archiv files) can be performed.
window.
Exit
The parameter program is finished.
8.6.2 Menu Edit parameters

The parameter structure of the PC-program corres-
ponds to the structure of the device menu. For input of
PLC-file (PLC programmabile) please look to end of
8.6.1 Menu File this chapter.
New Operation level

A new parameter file (*.par) can be opened. Only access to the most important parameters (Top
Ten Parameter) is available.
Open
A stored file (*.par) can be selected and opened. Commissioning level
All parameters are available, which are necessary for
Save the first device start up.
A revised file can be stored under the same name.
Expert level
Save as All parameters for special settings are available.
A revised or new file can be stored. Name and
directory can be stated. All levels
All parameters are available.
Compare with file
The opened file can be compared with another stored
file. The differences will be listet in a text file.
8.6.3 Menu Settings
Language
German or English.
Page 84 EFD20 V1.18

8.6.4 Menu View Status bar
Displays or hides the bar
Symbol bar
Displays or hides the bar
8.6.5 Menu About EFD20 Param

The symbols correspond to the following commands:
Shows EFD20 Param version and corresponding
device software.
Symbol Command
New file
Open file
Save
Print preview
Print
About EFCParam
8.7 PLC-Editor
After you have entered the item programming PLC
under in- and outputs the following screen will open.
EFD20 V1.18 Page 85

The PLC-editor allows to make assignments and 8.7.1.4 Menu Single commands
operations between
Digital in- / outputs The menu contains all available single commands.
Boolic variables (flags)
Analog in- / outputs
Arithmetic variables
Constants
Boolic, arithmetic, comparison operators and SPS -

functions (delays, impulses, ect.) are available in order
to achieve the required behaviour of the device.
Additionally any comment may be entered behind a
<;> character (refer to chapter 7).
8.7.1 Command line
8.7.1.1 Menu Syntax check
Check all
The whole SPS-file is checked. Syntax errors are
displayed in the window below.
Check actual line

Only the actual line (at cursor position) is checked.
8.7.1.2 Menu Edit
Find (Ctrl F)
It is possible to search for any string you can enter in
the search window. The program jumps to the first
8.7.1.5 Line assistant
occurence of this string. Only capital letters must be
used.
The line assistent guides through the program line and
also provides operators between the individual items.
Find Next (Ctrl N)
The program jumps to the next occurence of the
string.
8.7.1.3 Menu View
Display index
In the square brackets the index number of the used
item (e.g. digital output, flag ect.) is shown. Normally
this information is only relevant for commissioning to
find out possible assignment errors.
Display defines
In the square brackets the defined name of the used
item (e.g. digital output, flag ect.) is shown.
Update colours
Comments, brackets, functions, etc. will be shown in
different colours. After input of some text, the update
of this colour setting can be performed.
Page 86 EFD20 V1.18

Example: The logical OR combination of the boolean
The lower or upper end switch of the ASC should be expressions is selected by <|> character.
signalized via one digital output (e.g. D0305).
The endswitches are set by contacts of ASC and re-

cognized by digital inputs (e.g. D0205 and D0206) in
the EFD20. The following assignment of the digital
inputs is made to the relevant input function.
IF[MIF_END_I_MAX]=DI[D0205]
; UPPER END SWITCH
IF[MIF_END_I_MIN]=DI[D0206]
; LOWER END SWITCH
The digital output can be assigned to the logical OR

combination of the digital inputs D0205 and D0206 or
of the above input functions.
The required digital output D0305 is selected and

programmed by the means of the Assign digital
outputs - assistant.
The following popup-window proposes the available

possibilities and opens, if you put the cursor on the
place holder {BOOL} and press the left and then the
right mouse button.
Digital output D0305 is selected and confirmed by OK.
EFD20 V1.18 Page 87

The required digital output D0305 will be programmed
by selection of the input functions MIF_END_I_MAX
and MIF_END_I_MIN.
In principle the whole file can be programmed in this

way. The PLC-file will be stored, if the save- or save
as - command (menu file of EFD20Param) is called.
In case of similar substations it is easier to change the

programming of an existing station or to adapt the fac-
tory settings with station specific adjustments.
Page 88 EFD20 V1.18

9.1.1.2 Checksum and parity
9 Options
The checksum is calculated as XOR - logical
The parameters of all EFD20 software options are operation of the individual message bytes. The start
described in chapter 7. bytes > and < are included. The special SPABus
bytes cr, lf and & as well as the checksum itself are
9.1 Scada - SPABus not included. If the EFD20 receives the byte XX
instead of the checksum, the EFD20 will not check.
The SPABus-Interface in the EFD20 is implemented The EFD20 always adds the checksum when sending.
according to ABB document SPABUS COMMUNI-
CATION PROTOCOL V2.4 dated 21.2.1992. 9.1.1.3 Internal processing of messages
The EFD20 checks the received serial data for the

9.1.1 Realisation in EFD20 start byte >. If the following bytes contain the device
address (adjustable in the menu) of the EFD20 or if
9.1.1.1 Dialog between EFD20 and SPABus-Master they contain the broadcast address 900, then the
following commands will be checked. If the calculated
The dialog between SPABus-Master (Request >...) checksum does not fit, a NACK-Message (Not ack-
and EFD20 (Answer <...) is described in the following nowledge - Error Code 0 ) will be answered. In the
examples (Device address 10 and checksum XX) . other case the received command will be decoded
and processed.
>10RC:XX or read Slave Status
Read backup
>10R0C:XX
<10D:1:XX
When the EFD20 is switched ON, initially all states
>10WC:0:XX or clear Slave Status (events) are set to 0. The device answers to the re-
>10W0C:0:XX quest read backup >10RB:XX with <10D:00.000
<10A:XX 0E50:3F, as long as for the first time the request read
>10RF:XX or get Ident last events (>10RL:XX) is received. Then the answer
>10R0F:XX to read backup will be the same as for read last
<10D:EFD20V1.12:XX events.
>10RT:XX or read tim e in s s .s s s
>10R0T:XX 9.1.2 Events
<10D:59.042:XX
>10WT:s s .s s s :XX or write tim e in s s .s s s The following table gives an overview of all possible
>10W0T:s s .s s s :XX the s econds are s et by EFD20 generated events.
<10A:XX in actual hh.m m
(at im pos s ible tim e nr. output function description coming going
event
e.g > 59.999 the ans wer
0 MOT_UP motor up 1E0 1E1
is <10N:8:XX) 1 MOT_DOW N motor down 1E2 1E3
>900WT:s s .s s s :XX or BROADCAST write tim e 2 EARTHFAULT earthfault 1E4 1E5
3 V_MAX voltage Vo > Vmax 1E6 1E7
>900W0T:s s .s s s :XX in s s .s s s in actual 4 ERROR controller error signal 1E8 1E9
no ans wer hh.m m the s econds 5 CONTR_IS_ON controller is switched on 1E10 1E11
6 CONTR_BLOCK controller is blocked 1E12 1E13
are s et
7 LOCAL remote control system 1E14 1E15
>10RD:XX or read date & tim e local mode
>10R0D:XX jjjj-m m -tt hh:m m :s s .s s s 8 END_I_MAX upper end switch 1E16 1E17
9 END_I_MIN lower end switch 1E18 1E19
<10D:01-11-13 10 HW_ALARM hardware error 1E20 1E21
11,10;14.707:XX 11 PARA_ALARM parameter error 1E22 1E23
>10WD:yy-m m -dd Set actual date 12 V12_TOO_LOW reference voltage 1E24 1E25
lower 10%
hh.m m ;s s .s s s :XX or and actual tim e 13 TUNED_NC tuned, 1E26 1E27
>10W0D:yy-m m -dd (At im pos s ible tim e not compensated
hh.m m ;s s .s s s :XX or date e.g.. 30. FEB 14 TUNED tuned 1E28 1E29
19 RP_ON command 1E38 1E39
<10A:XX the ans wer is switch on resistor
<10N:8:XX) 20 XBOX_1_OK communication with 1E40 1E41
>900WD:yy-m m -dd BROADCAST write date expansion box 1 is Ok
21 XBOX_2_OK communication with 1E42 1E43
hh.m m ;s s .s s s :XX or actual date expansion box 2 is Ok
>900WD:yy-m m -dd yy-m m -dd and actual 22 RP_BLOCK resistor is blocked 1E44 1E45
25 IEC101_TIMEOUT maximum response time 1E50 1E51
hh.m m ;s s .s s s :XX tim e hh.m m ;s s .s s s
IEC101 (switch
no ans wer are s et replication) exceeded
EFD20 V1.18 Page 89

June 2009 9 Options
27 FIX_ON fix coil is closed in 1E54 1E55 101 BB_3_ALARM global high resistant 4E10 4E11
29 ECI_USED4CD current injection is used 1E58 1E59 earthfault on busbar 3
for coupling detection Earthfault signals, Admittance methode
30 BUCH_WARN Buchholz warning 1E60 1E61 102 FEEDER_1_ Earthfault feeder 1 4E12 4E13
31 BUCH_TRIP Buchholz trip 1E62 1E63 EARTH
32 TEMP_WARN Temperatur warning 2E0 2E1 103 FEEDER_2_ Earthfault feeder 2 4E14 4E15
33 TEMP_TRIP Temperatur trip 2E2 2E3 EARTH
34 IS_MASTER controller is Master 2E4 2E5 ... ... ... ... ...
35 IS_SLAVE controller is Slave 2E6 2E7 127 FEEDER_26_ Earthfault feeder 26 4E62 4E63
36 COUPLED_ busbar 1 and busbar 2 2E8 2E9 EARTH
BB1_BB2 are coupled 128 FEEDER_27_ Earthfault feeder 27 5E0 5E1
39 ECI_REQUEST internal request of 2E14 2E15 EARTH
current injection 131 FEEDER_30_ Earthfault feeder 30 5E6 5E7
40 ECI_USED internal use of 2E16 2E17 EARTH
current injection 132 FEEDER_31_ Earthfault feeder 31 5E8 5E9
41 ECI_POS_1 command ECI1+ on 2E18 2E19 EARTH
42 ECI_POS_2 command ECI2+ on 2E20 2E21 133 FEEDER_32_ Earthfault feeder 32 5E10 5E11
43 ECI_POS_3 command ECI3+ on 2E22 2E23 EARTH
44 ECI_NEG_1 command ECI1- on 2E24 2E25 134 BB_1_EARTH global earthfault signal 5E12 5E13
45 ECI_NEG_2 command ECI2- on 2E26 2E27 on busbar 1
46 ECI_NEG_3 command ECI3- on 2E28 2E29 135 BB_2_EARTH global earthfault signal 5E14 5E15
47 ECI_ERROR_1 error ECI1 2E30 2E31 on busbar 2
48 ECI_ERROR_2 error ECI2 2E32 2E33 136 BB_3_EARTH global earthfault signal 5E16 5E17
49 ECI_ERROR_3 error ECI3 2E34 2E35 on busbar 3
50 ECI_ERROR global error signal of 2E36 2E37 Earthfault signals, Wattmetric or Transient earthfault methode
current injection 137 FEEDER_1_TRIP Earthfault feeder 1 5E18 5E19
51 CONTR_RED redundancy operating 2E38 2E39 138 FEEDER_2_TRIP Earthfault feeder 2 5E20 5E21
52 ECI_USED4CONTR current injection is used 2E40 2E41
for controller 159 FEEDER_23_TRIP Earthfault feeder 23 5E62 5E63
53 ECI_USED4DET current injection is used 2E42 2E43 160 FEEDER_24_TRIP Earthfault feeder 24 6E0 6E1
for detection system 161 FEEDER_25_TRIP Earthfault feeder 25 6E2 6E3
54 EDC_REQUEST internal request of 2E44 2E45 ... ... ... ... ...
detuning capacitor 168 FEEDER_32_TRIP Earthfault feeder 32 6E16 6E17
55 EDC_USED internal use of 2E46 2E47 169 BB_1_TRIP Wattmetric methode 6E18 6E19
detuning capacitor earthfault on busbar 1
56 EDC_1 command switch on 2E48 2E49 170 BB_2_TRIP Wattmetric methode 6E20 6E21
detuning capacitor 1 earthfault on busbar 2
57 EDC_2 command switch on 2E50 2E51 171 BB_3_TRIP Wattmetric methode 6E22 6E23
58 EDC_3 command switch on 2E52 2E53 172 BB_1_TRANS_TRIP Transient methode 6E24 6E25
59 EDC_ERROR_1 error signal detuning 2E54 2E55 173 BB_2_TRANS_TRIP Transient methode 6E26 6E27
capacitor 1 earthfault on busbar 2
60 EDC_ERROR_2 error signal detuning 2E56 2E57 174 BB_3_TRANS_TRIP Transient methode 6E28 6E29
capacitor 2 earthfault on busbar 3
61 EDC_ERROR_3 error signal detuning 2E58 2E59 Polygon methode
capacitor 2 175 BB_1_POLY_VALID valid result busbar 1 6E30 6E31
62 EDC_ERROR global error signal 2E60 2E61 176 BB_2_POLY_VALID valid result busbar 2 6E32 6E33
detuning capacitor 177 BB_3_POLY_VALID valid result busbar 3 6E34 6E35
63 DET_IS_ON detection system is on 2E62 2E63 Manual fault detection via switching operation
64 DET_ALARM_1 detection system 3E0 3E1 178 BB_1_SEARCH ready for manual fault 6E36 6E37
error signal busbar 1 detection on busbar 1
High resistant earthfault, Admittance methode Automatic reclosing unit
67 FEEDER_1_ High resistant 3E6 3E7 181 ARU_WORKS Automatic reclosing 6E42 6E43
ALARM earthfault feeder 1 is operating
68 FEEDER_2_ High resistant 3E8 3E9 182 ARU_BB_1_ switch off power 6E44 6E45
ALARM earthfault feeder 2 PS1_OFF switch 1 on busbar 1
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
97 FEEDER_31_ High resistant 4E2 4E3 ... ... ... ... ...
ALARM earthfault feeder 31 213 ARU_BB_1_ switch off power 7E42 7E43
98 FEEDER_32_ High resistant 4E4 4E5 PS32_OFF switch 32 on busbar 1
ALARM earthfault feeder 32 214 ARU_BB_1_ reclose power 7E44 7E45
99 BB_1_ALARM global high resistant 4E6 4E7 PS1_ON switch 1 on busbar 1
earthfault on busbar 1 ... ... ... ... ...
100 BB_2_ALARM global high resistant 4E8 4E9 223 ARU_BB_1_ reclose power 7E62 7E63
earthfault on busbar 2 PS10_ON switch 10 on busbar 1
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9 Options June 2009
224 ARU_BB_1_ reclose power 8E0 8E1 amount of characters per telegram. The following
PS11_ON switch 11 on busbar 1 channel assignment is valid:
... ... ... ... ...
245 ARU_BB_1_ reclose power 8E42 8E43 Channel 0: output function 0 ... 127
PS32_ON switch 32 on busbar 1 Channel 1: output function 128 ... 255
246 ARU_BB_2_ switch off power 8E44 8E45 Channel 2: output function 256 ... 383
PS1_OFF switch 1 on busbar 2
... ... ... ... ...
Channel 3: flag 0 ... 127
255 ARU_BB_2_ switch off power 8E62 8E63
PS10_OFF switch 10 on busbar 2 Example 1:
256 ARU_BB_2_ switch off power 9E0 9E1 The state of output function 2 is requested.
... ... ... ... ...
Following the request >10R0V2:XX the EFD20 ans-
277 ARU_BB_2_ switch off power 9E42 9E43 wers <10D:1:XX, that an earthfault appeared in the
PS32_OFF switch 32 on busbar 2 network.
278 ARU_BB_2_ reclose power 9E44 9E45
PS1_ON switch 1 on busbar 2
... ... ... ... ... Example 2:
287 ARU_BB_2_ reclose power 9E62 9E63 The state of the ouput functions in the
PS10_ON switch 10 on busbar 2 range of 137 ... 142 are requested.
Following the request >10R1V9/15:XX the EFD20
... ... ... ... ... ans-wers <10D:0/0/1/0/0/0:XX, that the earthfault is
309 ARU_BB_2_ reclose power 10E42 10E43 located on feeder 3.
PS1_OFF switch 1 on busbar 3 The request >10R1V9/15:XX consists of the
... ... ... ... ... following parts:
319 ARU_BB_3_ switch off power 10E62 10E63 10 ... EFD20 address
320 ARU_BB_3_ switch off power 11E0 11E1 1 ... Channel 1: The requested output
PS11_OFF switch 11 on busbar 3 functions are in the range of channel 1
... ... ... ... ... 9 ... start of the sequence (128+9=137)
15 ... end of sequence (9+6=15)
PS1_ON switch 1 on busbar 3 Example 3:
... ... ... ... ... The circuit state of ASC1 (in PLC-flie the requested
PS10_ON switch 10 on busbar 3 circuit stae is assigned to flag 10) is requested.
PS11_ON switch 11 on busbar 3 Following the request >10R3V11:XX the EFD20 ans-
... ... ... ... ...
wers <10D:0:XX, that ASC1 is switched off.
Flags 9.1.3 Request of measured values
384 M000 flag 0 13E0 13E1
... ... ... ... ...
415 M031 flag 31 13E62 13E63 By request >10RO(Channel)(Index):XX the measured
416 M032 flag 32 14E0 14E1 values of EFD20 are transmitted to Scada system via
... ... ... ... ...
447 M063 flag 63 16E62 14E63
channel and index number (Index).
448 M064 flag 64 15E0 15E1
... ... ... ... ... The following table gives an overview of the available
479 M095 flag 95 15E62 15E63 measured values.
480 M096 flag 96 16E0 16E1
... ... ... ... ...
511 M127 flag 127 16E62 16E63 measured description channel Index
value
amount phase rsp.
Read last events
rsp. real Imaginary
Following the request read last events >10RL:XX V12 [V] reference voltage 0 1 2
the EFD20 sends all new events since the last re- V12 [% ] reference voltage 0 3
quest (e.g. if the controller is switched on, the event Vo1 [V] neutral to ground 0 4 5
voltage ASC1
1E10 will be generated). Vo2 [V] neutral to ground 0 6 7
voltage ASC2
Request for state of output functions and flags Vo3 [V] neutral to ground 0 8 9
voltage ASC3
The requested output functions resp. flags are se- Vo1 [%] neutral to ground 0 10
lected via channels, because the amount of output voltage ASC1
functions and flags exceeds the maximum permitted Vo2 [%] neutral to ground 0 11
voltage ASC2
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June 2009 9 Options
Vo3 [%] neutral to ground 0 12 The command >10W0I1:1:XX sets the output function
voltage ASC3 OF_MOT_UP and the assigned output relay Motor
Ieci1 [A] injected current Ieci1 0 13 14
Ieci2 [A] injected current Ieci2 0 15 16 up. The ASC moves in direction Imax until the com-
Ieci3 [A] injected current Ieci3 0 17 18 mand >10W0I1:0:XX resets the output relay or until
Ipos [A] coil current 0 19 the end position is reached.
Ires [A] total capacitive current 0 20
of network
Id [A] damping current 0 21 By following the command >10W0I5:1:XX the control-
Iv [A] detuning current 0 22 ler is switched on again (automatic mode).
Io1[A] zero sequence 1 1 2
current feeder 1
Io2 [A] zero sequence 1 3 4 9.1.5 Switch replication
current feeder 1
Io3 [A] zero sequence 1 5 6
current feeder 1 The actual circuit states of breakers and
... ... ... ... ... disconnectors are transmitted via the following
Io32 [A] zero sequence 1 63 64
current feeder 1
command:
>10W 1I:Index:Cmd:XX
Hint If the Cmd is set to <1>, it means, that the circuit state
of the switch (resp. Scada variable) assigned to
Index, is switched on.
The transmission of the mesured values in real -
imaginary or amount - phase format is selected by The following Scada variables (L000 - L127) can be
setting of display the analog values. set (Cmd = 1) resp. reset (Cmd = 0) by the Scada
system.
Example:
Request of the actual neutral to ground voltage Vo1:
>10RO4/5:XX Read Out Channel 0
Circuit state Index Scada variable
Index 4 and 5 switch 1 1 L000
<10D:0.193/86.3:XX ... ... ...
switch 128 128 L127
9.1.4 Commands by Scada
Commands by Scada are only accepted if the EFD20
is not in local mode.
9.2 Scada IEC - Protokoll
The interface between EFD20 and Scada is based on
The following input functions resp. Scada variables
the international standard IEC 870-5-103.
can be set by Scada.
Command Description Index

9.2.1 Data units in supervision
CIF_MOT_UP external coil movement 1 direction
motor up (refer to example)
pulse motor up 3 Data Unit (1) Signalling with time stamp
CIF_MOT_DOWN external coil movement 2
motor up
Type identification
pulse motor down 4
Marking of the variable structure
CIF_CONTR_ON switch on controller 5
Cause of transmission COT
CIF_CONTR_OFF switch off controller 6 Common address of ASDU
CIF_RP_TRIGG trigger of resistor control 7 Function type
pulse
Information number
CIF_CONTRBLOCK block controller 8 DPI 0x1 ... OFF,
CIF_DET_ON switch on detection system 9 0x2 ... ON
CIF_DET_OFF switch off detection system 10 Four octet binary-time
Example: Adjustment of ASC by Scada
The controller is switched on (automatic mode). Additional information SIN If COT=GI: SIN sample # of GI
If COT=ACK|NACK: SIN=?
T h e c o m >10W0I6:1:XX switches the controller
m a n d Other COT: SIN not relevant
off (manual mode).
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Data Unit (3) Measurement data 1 Data Unit (6) Time synchronisation
Type identification Type identification

Marking of the variable structure Marking of the variable structure
Cause of transmission COT Cause of transmission COT
Common address of ASDU Common address of ASDU
Function type Function type GLB
Information number Information number
Ipos Seven Octet
Iv Binary-time
Id
Vo Data Unit (8) Termination of general request
Vo ... neutral to ground voltage in percentage Type identification

based on nominal voltage (V12 / sqrt 3) Marking of the variable structure
Ipos, Iv, Id ... in percentage based on the total coil
current = Imax of plunger core or step
coil + current of fix coil (without any Common address of ASDU
consideration of the actual circuit state Function type GLB
of the fix coil) Information number
scan number received from
Data Unit (5) Identification signalling trigger of
general request
Type identification
Marking of the variable structure Data Unit (9) Measurement data 2
Type identification
Common address of ASDU
Marking of the variable structure
Function type 0...127
private range Common address of ASDU
Information number Function type 1
Compatibility state COL Information number 20
ASC 8 Bytes Ipos
Iv
manufacturer
Id
marking
Vo
not used sign 1st feeder of
blank 0x20 channel 1
arranged loop
TRENCH 2nd feeder of
channel 2
ASC arranged loop
ASC status of
state
ASC location method
distance to fault
ASC
% value location in % of
ASC total loop length
ASC Vo
ASC
ASC Internal software
Identification
ASC
ASC
ASC
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9.2.2 Data units in command direction 13 TUNED_NC tuned,
not compensated
13 243
14 TUNED tuned 14 243

Data Unit (6) Time synchronisation 19 RP_ON resistor control 19 243
switch on resistor
20 XBOX_1_OK communication with 20 243
Type identification expansion box 1 is Ok
21 XBOX_2_OK communication with 21 243
Marking of the variable structure expansion box 2 is Ok
22 RP_BLOCK resistor control 22 243
Cause of transmission COT resistor is blocked
Common address of ASDU 25 IEC101_TIMEOUT maximum response 25 243
time IEC101 (switch
Function type GLB replication) exceeded
27 FIX_ON fix coil is on 27 243
Information number 29 ECI_USED4CD current injection is used 29 243
Seven octet for coupling detection
30 BUCH_WARN Buchholz warning 30 243
binary-time 31 BUCH_TRIP Buchholz trip 31 243
32 TEMP_WARN Temperature warning 32 243
33 TEMP_TRIP Temperature trip 33 243
Data Unit (7) Trigger for general request 34 IS_MASTER controller is Master 34 243
35 IS_SLAVE controller is Slave 35 243
36 COUPLED_ busbar 1 and busbar 2 36 243
Type identification BB1_BB2 are coupled
Marking of the variable structure 37 COUPLED_ busbar 1 and busbar 3 37 243
BB1_BB3 are coupled
Cause of transmission COT 38 COUPLED_ busbar 2 and busbar 3 38 243
BB2_BB3 are coupled
Common address of ASDU 39 ECI_REQUEST internal request of 39 243
Function type GLB current injection
40 ECI_USED internal use of 40 243
Information number current injection
scan number 41 ECI_POS_1 switch on ECI1+ 41 243
42 ECI_POS_2 switch on ECI2+ 42 243
43 ECI_POS_3 switch on ECI3+ 43 243
Data Unit (20) General command 44 ECI_NEG_1 switch on ECI1- 44 243
45 ECI_NEG_2 switch on ECI2- 45 243
46 ECI_NEG_3 switch on ECI3- 46 243
Type identification 47 ECI_ERROR_1 error current injection 1 47 243
48 ECI_ERROR_2 error current injection 2 48 243
Marking of the variable structure 49 ECI_ERROR_3 error current injection 3 49 243
50 ECI_ERROR global error signal 50 243
Cause of transmission COT current injection
Common address of ASDU 51 CONTR_RED redundancy control 51 243
52 ECI_USED4CONTR current injection is used 52 243
Funktionstyp by controller
Information number 53 ECI_USED4DET current injection is used 53 243
by detection system
Double point command 54 EDC_REQUEST internal request of 54 243
detuning capacitor
Feedback information 55 EDC_USED internal use of 55 243
detuning capacitor
56 EDC_1 switch on detuning 56 243
9.2.3 Events IEC 103 protocol 57 EDC_2
capacitor EDC1
switch on detuning 57 243
capacitor EDC2
The following table shows standard settings for func- 58 EDC_3 switch on detuning 58 243
capacitor EDC3
tion type (FUNC) and information number (INFO) of 59 EDC_ERROR_1 detuning capacitor 1 59 243
EFD20 events. error signal
60 EDC_ERROR_2 detuning capacitor 2 60 243
error signal
nr output function description info- function
61 EDC_ERROR_3 detuning capacitor 3 61 243
event number nummer
error signal
0 MOT_UP motor up 0 243 62 EDC_ERROR global error signal 62 243
1 MOT_DOWN motor down 1 243 detuning capacitor
2 EARTHFAULT earthfault 2 243 63 DET_IS_ON detection system is on 63 243
3 V_MAX voltage Vo > Vmax 3 243 64 DET_ALARM_1 detection system error 64 243
4 ERROR error signal controller 4 243 signal on busbar 1
5 CONTR_IS_ON controller is on 5 243 65 DET_ALARM_2 detection system error 65 243
6 CONTR_BLOCK controller is blocked 6 243 signal on busbar 2
7 LOCAL remote control system 7 243 66 DET_ALARM_3 detection system error 66 243
local mode signal on busbar 3
8 END_I_MAX upper end switch 8 243 High resistant earthfault signals, Admittance methode
9 END_I_MIN lower end switch 9 243 67 FEEDER_1_ high resistant earthfault 67 243
10 HW_ALARM hardware error 10 243 ALARM on feeder 1
11 PARA_ALARM parameter alert 11 243
12 V12_TOO_LOW reference voltage 12 243
V12 < 10%
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9 Options June 2009
68 FEEDER_2_ high resistant earthfault 68 243 246 ARU_BB_2_ switch off power 118 244
ALARM on feeder 2 PS1_OFF switch 1 on busbar 2
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
98 FEEDER_32_ high resistant earthfault 98 243 255 ARU_BB_2_ switch off power 127 244
ALARM on feeder 32 PS10_OFF switch 10 on busbar 2
99 BB_1_ALARM global signal busbar 1 99 243 256 ARU_BB_2_ switch off power 0 245
high resistant fault PS11_OFF switch 11 on busbar 2
100 BB_2_ALARM global signal busbar 2 100 243 ... ... ... ... ...
high resistant fault 277 ARU_BB_2_ switch off power 21 245
101 BB_3_ALARM global signal busbar 3 101 243 PS32_OFF switch 32 on busbar 2
high resistant fault 278 ARU_BB_2_ reclose power 22 245
Earthfault signals, Admittance methode PS1_ON switch 1 on busbar 2
102 FEEDER_1_ earthfault on feeder 1 102 243 ... ... ... ... ...
EARTH 309 ARU_BB_2_ reclose power 53 245
103 FEEDER_2_ earthfault on feeder 2 103 243 PS32_ON switch 32 on busbar 2
EARTH 310 ARU_BB_3_ switch off power 54 245
... ... ... ... ... PS1_OFF switch 1 on busbar 3
127 FEEDER_26_ earthfault on feeder 26 127 243 ... ... ... ... ...
EARTH 341 ARU_BB_3_ switch off power 85 245
128 FEEDER_27_ earthfault on feeder 27 0 244 PS32_OFF switch 32 on busbar 3
EARTH 342 ARU_BB_3_ reclose power 86 245
EARTH ... ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ... ... 373 ARU_BB_3_ reclose power 117 245
EARTH Flags
134 BB_1_EARTH global earthfault signal 6 244 384 M000 flag 000 0 246
on busbar 1 385 M001 flag 001 1 246
135 BB_2_EARTH global earthfault signal 7 244 ... ... ... ... ...
on busbar 2 511 M127 flag 127 127 246
136 BB_3_EARTH global earthfault signal 8 244
on busbar 3
137 FEEDER_1_TRIP earthfault on feeder 1 9 244 9.2.4 Commands IEC103 protocol
138 FEEDER_2_TRIP earthfault on feeder 2 10 244
... ... ... ... ...
168 FEEDER_32_TRIP earthfault on feeder 32 40 244
Commands from SCADA are only processed, if the
169 BB_1_TRIP global fault signal via 41 244 EFD20 is not in local - state.
Wattmetric methode The EFD20 gets commands from the SCADA control
busbar 1
170 BB_2_TRIP global fault signal via 42 244 unit by means of Double point- commands. (Data
Wattmetric methode Unit 20).
busbar 2
171 BB_3_TRIP global fault signal via 43 244
Wattmetric methode DCO := UI2[1..2] <0...3>
busbar 3
172 BB_1_TRANS_TRIP global fault signal via 44 244
W ith <0> := not used
Transient fault methode
busbar 1 <1> := OFF
173 BB_2_TRANS_TRIP global fault signal via 45 244 <2> := ON
Transient fault methode
busbar 2
<3> := not used
174 BB_3_TRANS_TRIP global fault signal via 46 244
Transient fault methode The following input functions can be set or reset by
busbar 3
Polygon methode
SCADA:
175 BB_1_POLY_VALID valid fault location 47 244
on busbar 1 Command Description Info- Function
176 BB_2_POLY_VALID valid fault location 48 244 number number
on busbar 2 CIF_MOT_UP external coil movement 1 140
177 BB_3_POLY_VALID valid fault location 49 244 motor up (refer to example)
on busbar 3 pulse motor up 3 140
Manaul fault location via switching operation CIF_MOT_DOWN external coil movement 2 140
178 BB_1_SEARCH ready for manual fault 50 244 motor down
location on busbar 1 pulse motor down 4 140
179 BB_2_SEARCH ready for manual fault 51 244 CIF_CONTR_ON switch on controller 5 140
location on busbar 2 CIF_CONTR_OFF switch off controller 6 140
180 BB_3_SEARCH ready for manual fault 52 244 140
CIF_RP_TRIGG resistor control 7
location on busbar 3
manual trigger
CIF_CONTRBLOCK block controller 8 140
181 ARU_WORKS Automatic reclosing 53 244
unit is operating CIF_DET_ON switch on detection system 9 140
182 ARU_BB_1_ switch off power 54 244
CIF_DET_OFF switch off detection system 10 140
... ... ... ... ... The receipt of a possible command is acknowledged
213 ARU_BB_1_ switch off power 85 244
PS32_OFF switch 32 on busbar 1 with COT 20 (command acknowledge positive). All
214 ARU_BB_1_ reclose power 86 244 other commands are acknowledged with COT 21
PS1_ON switch 1 on busbar 1 (command acknowledge negative).
... ... ... ... ...
245 ARU_BB_1_ reclose power 117 244
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June 2009 9 Options
The execution of a command is not indicated with 21 XBOX_2_OK communication with 22
expansion box 2 is Ok
COT 12 (remote operation) but with COT 1
22 RP_BLOCK resistor control 23
(spontaneous). resistor is blocked
That means that commands are executed without 25 IEC101_TIMEOUT maximum response time IEC101 26
(switch replication) exceeded
feedback.
27 FIX_ON fix coil is on 28
29 ECI_USED4CD current injection is used 30
Example: Adjustment of ASC for coupling detection
30 BUCH_WARN Buchholz warning 31
31 BUCH_TRIP Buchholz trip 32
The controller is switched on (automatic mode). 32 TEMP_WARN Temperature warning 33
Following the command with INFO 6, FUNC 243, 33 TEMP_TRIP Temperature trip 34
DPI = 2 the controller is switched off (manual mode). 34 IS_MASTER controller is Master 35
35 IS_SLAVE controller is Slave 36
36 COUPLED_ busbar 1 and busbar 2 37
The command with INFO 1, FUNC 243, DPI = 2 BB1_BB2 are coupled
37 COUPLED_ busbar 1 and busbar 3 38
(motor up) moves the coil in direction Imax, until:
BB1_BB3 are coupled
- the upper endswitch is reached 38 COUPLED_ busbar 2 and busbar 3 39
- the command with INFO 1, FUNC 243, DPI = 1 BB2_BB3 are coupled
is received 39 ECI_REQUEST internal request of current injection 40
40 ECI_USED internal use of current injection 41
- the command with INFO 2, FUNC 243, DPI = 2 41 ECI_POS_1 switch on ECI1+ 42
is received 42 ECI_POS_2 switch on ECI2+ 43
43 ECI_POS_3 switch on ECI3+ 44
44 ECI_NEG_1 switch on ECI1- 45
Following the command with INFO 5, FUNC 243, 45 ECI_NEG_2 switch on ECI2- 46
DPI = 2 the controller is switched on again. 46 ECI_NEG_3 switch on ECI3- 47
47 ECI_ERROR_1 error current injection 1 48
48 ECI_ERROR_2 error current injection 2 49
9.2.5 Swith replication 49 ECI_ERROR_3 error current injection 3 50
50 ECI_ERROR global error signal current injection 51
51 CONTR_RED redundancy control 52
The EFD20 gets the actual circuit states of breakers 52 ECI_USED4CONTR current injection is used 53
resp. disconnectors from the SCADA control unit by by controller
53 ECI_USED4DET current injection is used 54
means of Double point- commands (Data Unit 20). by detection system
54 EDC_REQUEST internal request of 55
If the Double point- command is set <2>, it means, detuning capacitor
55 EDC_USED internal use of 56
that the circuit state of the switch (resp. Scada detuning capacitor
variable) assigned to Information number, is 56 EDC_1 switch on detuning 57
switched on. capacitor EDC1
57 EDC_2 switch on detuning 58
The following Scada variables (L000 - L127) can be capacitor EDC2
set (<2>) resp. reset (<1>) by the Scada system. 58 EDC_3 switch on detuning 59
capacitor EDC3
59 EDC_ERROR_1 detuning capacitor 1 60
Circuit state Infonumber Function number error signal
switch 1 0 141 60 EDC_ERROR_2 detuning capacitor 2 61
error signal
... ... ... 61 EDC_ERROR_3 detuning capacitor 3 62
switch 128 127 141 error signal
62 EDC_ERROR global error signal 63
detuning capacitor
9.2.6 Events IEC101 protocol 63 DET_IS_ON detection system is on 64
64 DET_ALARM_1 detection system error 65
signal on busbar 1
The following table contains the standard information 65 DET_ALARM_2 detection system error 66
numbers of the EFD20 events. signal on busbar 2
66 DET_ALARM_3 detection system error 67
signal on busbar 3
nr output function description info- High resistant earthfault signals, Admittance methode
event number 67 FEEDER_1_ high resistant earthfault 68
0 MOT_UP motor up 1 ALARM on feeder 1
1 MOT_DOW N motor down 2 68 FEEDER_2_ high resistant earthfault 69
2 EARTHFAULT earthfault 3 ALARM on feeder 2
3 V_MAX voltage Vo > Vmax 4 ... ... ... ...
4 ERROR error signal controller 5 98 FEEDER_32_ high resistant earthfault 99
5 CONTR_IS_ON controller is on 6 ALARM on feeder 32
6 CONTR_BLOCK controller is blocked 7 99 BB_1_ALARM global signal busbar 1 100
7 LOCAL remote control system local mode 8 high resistant fault
8 END_I_MAX upper end switch 9 100 BB_2_ALARM global signal busbar 2 101
9 END_I_MIN lower end switch 10 high resistant fault
10 HW_ALARM hardware error 11 101 BB_3_ALARM global signal busbar 3 102
11 PARA_ALARM parameter alert 12 high resistant fault
12 V12_TOO_LOW reference voltage V12 < 10% 13 Earthfault signals, Admittance methode
13 TUNED_NC tuned, not compensated 14 102 FEEDER_1_ earthfault on feeder 1 103
14 TUNED tuned 15 EARTH
19 RP_ON resistor control, switch on resistor 20 103 FEEDER_2_ earthfault on feeder 2 104
20 XBOX_1_OK communication with 21 EARTH
expansion box 1 is Ok
Page 96 EFD20 V1.18

9 Options June 2009
... ...
127 FEEDER_26_
...
earthfault on feeder 26
...
128
9.2.7 Switch replication
EARTH
128 FEEDER_27_ earthfault on feeder 27 129 The following Scada variables (L000 - L127) can be
EARTH
129 FEEDER_28_ earthfault on feeder 28 130
set (<2>) resp. reset (<1>) by the Scada system.
EARTH
... ... ... ... Circuit state Info number
133 FEEDER_32_ earthfault on feeder 32 134
EARTH switch 1 801
134 BB_1_EARTH global earthfault signal on busbar 1 135
135 BB_2_EARTH global earthfault signal on busbar 2 136
... ...
136 BB_3_EARTH global earthfault signal on busbar 3 137 switch 128 928
137 FEEDER_1_TRIP earthfault on feeder 1 138
138 FEEDER_2_TRIP earthfault on feeder 2 139 9.2.8 Commands IEC 101 protocol
... ... ... ...
168 FEEDER_32_TRIP earthfault on feeder 32 169
169 BB_1_TRIP global fault signal via Wattmetric 170
The following input functions can be set or reset by
methode busbar 1 SCADA:
methode busbar 2 Command Description Info number
CIF_MOT_UP external coil movement motor up 769
methode busbar 3
172 BB_1_TRANS_TRIP global fault signal via Transient 173 pulse motor up 771
fault methode busbar 1
173 BB_2_TRANS_TRIP global fault signal via Transient 174 CIF_MOT_DOWN external coil movement motor down 770
fault methode busbar 2 pulse motor down 772
CIF_CONTR_ON switch on controller (pulse) 773
174 BB_3_TRANS_TRIP global fault signal via Transient 175 CIF_CONTR_OFF switch off controller (pulse) 774
fault methode busbar 3 CIF_RP_TRIGG resistor control manual trigger 775
Polygon methode CIF_CONTRBLOCK block controller 776
175 BB_1_POLY_VALID valid fault location on busbar 1 176 CIF_DET_ON switch on detection system (pulse) 777
176 BB_2_POLY_VALID valid fault location on busbar 2 177 CIF_DET_OFF switch off detection system (pulse) 778
177 BB_3_POLY_VALID valid fault location on busbar 3 178 switch on/off controller 779
Manaul fault location via switching operation switch on/off detection system 780
178 BB_1_SEARCH ready for manual fault 179
location on busbar 2 9.2.9 Counter
Automatic reclosing unit The counters are transmitted by general request or via
181 ARU_WORKS Automatic reclosing 182 Read - Command. The transmission can be enabled
unit is operating or disabled per counter. The following table includes
182 ARU_BB_1_ switch off power 183
PS1_OFF switch 1 on busbar 1 the standard settings.
... ... ... ...
counter transmit INFO
214 ARU_BB_1_ reclose power 215 transient earthfaults ON 1281
PS1_ON switch 1 on busbar 1 trigger account ON 1282
... ... ... ... tuning account ON 1283
245 ARU_BB_1_ reclose power 246 tuning not compensated 1284
ON
switching operation Rp ON 1285
PS1_OFF switch 1 on busbar 2 boot ON 1286
... ... ... ... ECI1 ON 1287
277 ARU_BB_2_ switch off power 278 ON
ECI2 1288
278 ARU_BB_2_ reclose power 279 ECI3 ON 1289
PS1_ON switch 1 on busbar 2 Alarm feeder 1 ON 1290
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
309 ARU_BB_2_ reclose power 310 ON
Alarm feeder 32 1321
Earth feeder 1 ON 1322
PS1_OFF switch 1 on busbar 3 ... ... ...
... ... ... ... Earth feeder 32 ON 1353
341 ARU_BB_3_ switch off power 342 Trip feeder 1 ON 1354
342 ARU_BB_3_ reclose power 343
... ... ...
PS1_ON switch 1 on busbar 3 Trip feeder 32 ON 1385
... ... ... ...
373 ARU_BB_3_ reclose power 374
Flags
9.2.10 Measured data
384 M000 flag 000 385
385 M001 flag 001 386 The measured data are transmitted after the general
... ... ... ...
509 M125 flag 125 510 request, per minute or after the change of 3% (if the
510 M126 flag 126 511 measurand is bigger than 0.05% of maximum).
511 M127 flag 127 512
The following table contains the factory settings of
EFD20 V1.18 Page 97

June 2009 9 Options
information numbers. If desired, the settings may be 9.2.11 Manual search for earthfault
changed.
The following table shows the standard configuration
configuration INFO of the measurands for the manual search.
reference voltage V12 [V] 1025
angle reference voltage V12 [] 1026 configuration measurands INFO
reference voltage V12 [%] 1027 channel 1 1793
neutral to ground voltage Vo1 [V] 1028 channel 2 1794
status 1795
angle neutral to ground voltage Vo1 [] 1029
distance [%] 1796
neutral to ground voltage Vo2 [V] 1030
CH1: value Io without EDC 1797
angle neutral to ground voltage Vo2 [] 1031 CH1: angle Io without EDC 1798
neutral to ground voltage Vo3 [V] 1032 CH2: value Io without EDC 1799
angle neutral to ground voltage Vo3 [] 1033 CH2: angle Io without EDC 1800
neutral to ground voltage Vo1 [%] 1034 CH1: value Io with EDC 1801
neutral to ground voltage Vo2 [%] 1035 CH1: angle Io with EDC 1802
neutral to ground voltage Vo3 [%] CH2: value Io with EDC 1803
1036
CH2: angle Io with EDC 1804
actual coil position Ipos [A] 1037
value Vo without EDC 1805
fix coil Ifix [A] 1038 angle Vo without EDC 1806
Ipos + Ifix [A] 1039 value Vo with EDC 1807
damping current Id [A] 1040 angle Vo with EDC 1808
detuning current Iv [A] 1041
capacitance current Ires [A] 1042 The following standard settings may be changed for
injection current Ieci1 [A] 1043 typing in the feeders resp. the performance of the
angle injection current Ieci1 [] 1044 manual search.
injection current Ieci2 [A] 1045
angle injection current Ieci2 [] 1046 configuration commands INFO
injection current Ieci3 [A] 1047 channel 1 - feeder 1 1537
angle injection current Ieci3 [] 1048 channel 1 - feeder 2 1538
zero sequence current feeder 1 Io01 [A] 1049 ... ...
angle zero sequence current feeder 1 [] 1050 channel 1 - feeder 32 1568
.. channel 2 - feeder 1 1569
.. channel 2 - feeder 2 1570
zero sequence current feeder 32 Io01 [A] 1111 ... ...
angle zero sequence current feeder 32 [] 1112 channel 2 - feeder 32 1600
asymmetry impedance busbar 1 [kOhm] 1113 Start - manual search 1601
angle asymmetry impedance busbar 1 [] 1114 Clear - manual search 1602
asymmetry impedance busbar 2 [kOhm] 1115
angle asymmetry impedance busbar 2 [] 1116
asymmetry impedance busbar 3 [kOhm] 1117 If more further informations (e.g. interoperability list)
angle asymmetry impedance busbar 3 [] 1118 are desired, please don`t hesitate to ask your Scada
asymmetry impedance feeder 1 [kOhm] 1119 system manufacturer or Trench Austria.
angle asymmetry impedance feeder 1 [] 1120
..
.. 9.3 Resistor control
asymmetry impedance feeder 32 [kOhm] 1181
angle asymmetry impedance feeder 32 [] 1182 Two different operation modes are available depen-
capacitive current feeder 1 [A] 1183 ding on the normal resistor circuit state (home posi-
angle capacitive current feeder 1 [] 1184 tion) in the sound network.
..
.. 9.3.1 Temperature model
capacitive current feeder 1 [A] 1245
angle capacitive current feeder 1 [] 1246 The temperature increase due to Vo2/R-losses are
added to the actual resistor temperature, temperature
decrease due to cooling is subtracted.
Page 98 EFD20 V1.18

9 Options June 2009
The resistor temperature is indicated as percentual 9.3.3 Home position ON
value. The maximum value (100%) is the temperature,
which the resistor reaches after continuous load at Manual resistor control
solid earthfault (Vo = 100%) during the set permissible
duty time. The minimum value (0%) is the ambient At each manual trigger the resistor is switched on
temperature. with-out delay only for the adjusted Turn off delay 1
(see chapter 7 - parameter).
When the maximum temperature is reached the con-
troller will automatically set the command to switch off Automatic resistor control
the resistor. Then the resistor control stays blocked
until a reconnection is possible without exceeding the The automatic resistor control is triggered, if the
maximum temperature. neutral to ground voltage Vo exceeds the adjusted
earthfault voltage. The following parameters define the
9.3.2 Home position OFF behaviour of the automatic resistor control.
Manual resistor control Param eter Exam ple 1 Exam ple 2

Turn off delay 1 1 1
At each manual trigger the resistor is switched on Turn off tim e 1 2 2
with-out delay only for the adjusted Turn on time 1 Turn off delay 2 3 0
(see chapter 7 - parameter).
Ex a m ple 1
Automatic resistor control Uearth
The automatic resistor control is triggered, if the

neutral to ground voltage Vo exceeds the adjusted
earthfault voltage. The following parameters define the 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1
behaviour of the automatic resistor control. On
Off
Parameter Example
1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1
Turn on delay 1 1 1 4
Turn on time 1 2 2 2 Ex a m ple 2
Uearth
Turn on delay 2 3 0 0
Turn on time 2 4 4 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1
Ex a m ple 1 On
On
Off
Off
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1
Ex a m ple 2 9.4 Control at earthfault

On
The neutral to ground voltage exceeds the adjusted
Off earthfault voltage. The controller has already calcu-
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 lated the valid resonance point.
Ex a m ple 3 If the neutral to ground voltage is still above the earth-

On fault voltage after the delay, the controller adjusts the
coil to the calculated resonance point.
Off
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1
EFD20 V1.18 Page 99

June 2009 9 Options
9.5 External power switch - If desired, the reclosing function can be blocked per
feeder (active input function IF[ARU_BLOCK_PS1]
for blocking the reclosing of feeder 1).
This option requires a signal from the transformer`s
circuit breaker to a digital input of the EFD20.
- In case of a detected earthfault on the feeder after
the second reclosing, the feeder will be finally dis-
If the option is activated the controller adjusts the coil
connected from the busbar (refer to example 1).
onto a predefined position, if the transformer is discon-
nected. If the transformer will be closed in, the control-
The reclosing function (resp. switch on command) of a
ler starts a new tuning operation.
faulty feeder is automatically blocked in case of manu-
al (resp. external) closing in the faulty feeder and the
9.6 Fix coil control discrimination time is adjusted bigger than zero.
If required by the network size this option enables the If the discrimination time is set to 0, the Automatic
controller to activate an additional fix coil. Reclosing Unit operates according to the settings of
The fix coil will be connected, if the adjustable coil is in the concerning feeder.
a position above the Switching on point and will be
disconnected, if it is in a position below the Switching The operating behaviour of the Automatic reclosing
off point. unit is defined by the following parameters:
If the option is activated the lightning LED fixcoil on
indicates that the controller has set the command to Parameter Example 1 Example 2 Example 3
switch on the fix coil. turn off delay 1 1 1
turn on delay 1 2 2 2
The adjustment of lower and upper position limits
turn on delay 2 3 0 3
should consider the size of fix coil in order to avoid
instable behaviour of the tuning procedure.
Example 1
9.7 Automatic reclosing unit faulty feeder
healthy feeder
By means of this option an earthfault affected feeder
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
will be disconnected from busbar and reclosed after CB is on
the adjustable delays.
CB is off
The application of the Automatic reclosing unit is 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
explained in the following example of feeder 1.
Example 2
- The output function OF[ARU_BB_1_PS1_OFF] is faulty feeder
assigned to a digital output (PLC-file). The output
contact is shortly closed (pulse command switch off) healthy feeder
and initiates the opening of the circuit breaker of 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

feeder 1 on busbar 1. If desired, all switch off com- CB is on
mands can be blocked by active input function
IF[ARU_QUIT] (PLC-file). CB is off
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
- The output function OF[ARU_BB_1_PS1_OFF]
generates an event to Scada system (communi-
Example 3
cation with Scada system via serial interface) for faulty feeder
opening of the corresponding circuit breaker.
healthy feeder
- The output function OF[ARU_BB_1_PS1_ON] 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
initiates the reclosing of feeder 1. CB is on
CB is off
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Page 100 EFD20 V1.18

9 Options June 2009

Trench Instruction Manual

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EFD20 V1.18 page 1

page 2 EFD20 V1.18

EFD20 V1.18 page 3

2 Technical data .................................................................................................................................................... 11

EFD20 V1.18 Page 5

4.3 First check of controller ........................................................................................................................ 32

6 Messages / malfunctions ................................................................................................................................. 51

Page 6 EFD20 V1.18

7.3.2.1 Multiple busbar operating mode .......................................................................................... 61

EFD20 V1.18 Page 7

Page 8 EFD20 V1.18

It has to be assumed that safe operation is not

An operation instruction, a practical application and so 1.1.3 Qualified personnel

- Prior to switching on the device the operator must

EFD20 V1.18 page 9

- EFX20 expansion device for maximum

page 10 EFD20 V1.18

EFD20 V1.18 page 11

P C / C o ntro ller => Modem

P C / C ontroller => Modem

page 12 EFD20 V1.18

24 - line Display Power LED

Controller ON/OFF Scroll wheel:

EFD20 V1.18 page 13

Operation level 3.4.1 Overview display

The structure of the menu levels is fixed and can not

This operation concept ensures maximum clarity for

page 14 EFD20 V1.18

3.4.2 Controller display

EFD20 V1.18 page 15

3.4.3.4 Feeder parameter Zu/Ic

3.4.3.3 Tripping sector

The measured zero sequence currents and the angles

page 16 EFD20 V1.18

When using current transformes with less accuracy,

3.4.3.6 Fault current Ifw,b

The table includes the measured zero sequence current

When using feeder model 1 an asymmetry current Iu

EFD20 V1.18 page 17

- Vo1 ... neutral to ground voltage 1

3.4.3.7 Fault parameter Ifw, Iw

The table shows the active components (Iw) of the

3.4.3.9 Manual search for earthfault

The screen image manual search for earthfault con-

page 18 EFD20 V1.18

During the menu operation controller and detection

Turning the scroll wheel until the background of the

Parameter programming in the menu

Selection of a parameter is made by turning the scroll

3.4.4 Menu mode 3.4.5 Installed software version

EFD20 V1.18 page 19

page 20 EFD20 V1.18

The output function OF[EARTHFAULT] is selected for

The counter is installed. The program line is stored at

EFD20 V1.18 page 21

A detected syntax error (e.g. ) is missing) can be

page 22 EFD20 V1.18

date & time

reset parameters to factory adjustment

check and repair flash disk

read EEPROM data

Commissioning: at: _ date: _