How To Install VNC Server On Ubuntu Server 12.04

How to install VNC server on Ubuntu Server 12.04 | Lazy Geek -:) https://rbgeek.wordpress.com/2012/06/25/how-to-install-vnc-server-on...
VNC is a protocol that is used to share the desktop with other users/computers over the network/Internet.In order to share a desktop, VNC server must be install and configure
on the computer and VNC client must be run on the computer that will access the shared desktop.
When we install the fresh copy of Ubuntu Server, it only gives us the Command Line interface.
But some people prefer GUI instead and for this they install Full version of Gnome on Ubuntu Server. Actually there is a better way and that is to install VNC. VNC provides a
lightweight virtual desktop than full blown version of Gnome.
To install the core components of gnome, use this command:
sudo apt-get install gnome-core
To install a virtual desktop, use this command:
sudo apt-get install vnc4server
In order to use VNC, we need to setup a password using the following command:
vncserver
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To make a tweak in startup script, we need to kill the session that we just created:
vncserver -kill :1
Now open up the file that we need to edit:
cd ~
nano .vnc/xstartup
And Modify the file so it looks like this:
#!/bin/sh
# Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop:
unset SESSION_MANAGER
#exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc
gnome-session --session=gnome-classic &
[ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup

[ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources
xsetroot -solid grey
vncconfig -iconic &
#x-terminal-emulator -geometry 1280x1024+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &
#x-window-manager &
Next, create the VNC Session once more:
vncserver -geometry 1024x600
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Now, download VNCViewer onto our desktop computer from which we want to access the shared desktop. Connect using ServerIP/Name:1 (:1 is for the VNC server window), In
my case it is tendo:1.
Enter the password that we created using the vncserver command:
We now have GUI access to our server.
After reboot the server, we will not be able to connect to the server with VNC, this is because the vncserver -geometry 1024600 command that we typed above is not
persistent. To solve this problem, we will use an excellent script of Justin Buser.
As sudo user create the file (and directory if it doesnt exist):
sudo mkdir -p /etc/vncserver

sudo touch /etc/vncserver/vncservers.conf
sudo nano /etc/vncserver/vncservers.conf
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Add servers as needed for each user by adding something like the following to the vncservers.conf file we just created:
VNCSERVERS="1:arbab"
VNCSERVERARGS[1]="-geometry 1024x600 -depth 24"
Next, create an empty init script and make it executable:
sudo touch /etc/init.d/vncserver

sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/vncserver
sudo nano /etc/init.d/vncserver
Add the following to /etc/init.d/vncserver:
#!/bin/bash
unset VNCSERVERARGS
VNCSERVERS=""
[ -f /etc/vncserver/vncservers.conf ] && . /etc/vncserver/vncservers.conf
prog=$"VNC server"
start() {
. /lib/lsb/init-functions
REQ_USER=$2
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
ulimit -S -c 0 >/dev/null 2>&1
RETVAL=0
for display in ${VNCSERVERS}
do
export USER="${display##*:}"
if test -z "${REQ_USER}" -o "${REQ_USER}" == ${USER} ; then
echo -n "${display} "
unset BASH_ENV ENV
DISP="${display%%:*}"
export VNCUSERARGS="${VNCSERVERARGS[${DISP}]}"
su ${USER} -c "cd ~${USER} && [ -f .vnc/passwd ] && vncserver :${DISP} ${VNCUSERARGS}"
fi
done
}
stop() {
. /lib/lsb/init-functions
REQ_USER=$2
echo -n $"Shutting down VNCServer: "
for display in ${VNCSERVERS}
do
if test -z "${REQ_USER}" -o "${REQ_USER}" == ${USER} ; then
echo -n "${display} "
unset BASH_ENV ENV
su ${USER} -c "vncserver -kill :${display%%:*}" >/dev/null 2>&1
fi
done
echo -e "\n"
echo "VNCServer Stopped"
}
case "$1" in
start)
start $@
;;
stop)
stop $@
;;
restart|reload)
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stop $@
sleep 3
start $@
;;
condrestart)
if [ -f /var/lock/subsys/vncserver ]; then
stop $@
sleep 3
start $@
fi
;;
status)
status Xvnc
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|condrestart|status}"
exit 1
esac
Well need to run vncserver command AT LEAST ONCE AS EACH USER that want to login as. I put that in caps because if you skip that step none of it will work.
Finally, do the following:
sudo update-rc.d vncserver defaults 99
Now, restart the service by typing:
sudo service vncserver restart
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Ability to connect for multiple users:
Create a local user, using the following command:
sudo adduser hussain
Switch to the newly created user and run vncserver command for it:
su hussain
vncserver
Move to the home directory and edit the xstartup file:
cd ~
nano .vnc/xstartup
Modify the file so it looks like this:
#!/bin/sh
# Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop:
#exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc
gnome-session --session=gnome-classic &

vncconfig -iconic &
#x-terminal-emulator -geometry 1280x1024+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &
#x-window-manager &
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Now open up the /etc/vncserver/vncservers.conf file as sudo user:
Add servers for newly created user by adding something like this:
VNCSERVERS="1:arbab 2:hussain"
Restart the service:
Connect with newly created user using tendo:2, Where tendo is my server name:
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Enter the password that we created using the vncserver command:
We now have GUI access to our server for newly created user.
Preventing Gnome to start on boot on the server:
Gnome is automatically started on boot in Ubuntu 12.04 LTS, if we connect a monitor to our server we will see that GUI sitting there waiting for us to log in.
To prevent it, edit the gdm.conf file:
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sudo nano /etc/init/gdm.conf
Comment these six lines:
#start on ((filesystem
# and runlevel [!06]
# and started dbus
# and (drm-device-added card0 PRIMARY_DEVICE_FOR_DISPLAY=1
# or stopped udev-fallback-graphics))
# or runlevel PREVLEVEL=S)
Reboot the server and that GUI log-in screen will no longer appear:
VNC encrypted through the ssh tunnel:
By default, VNC is not secure protocol.VNC uses encryption during initial connection and login (passwords are not sent in plain-text). Once, we connected then all the VNC data is
unencrypted and hacker could sniff our VNC session. It is better (safer) to start VNC server only on 127.0.0.1(localhost) and tunnel it over secure SSH tunnel (For this,there are
options in Putty).
On Ubuntu, edit /etc/vncserver/vncservers.conf:
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Add the option -localhost:
VNCSERVERS="1:arbab 2:hussain"
VNCSERVERARGS[1]="-geometry 1024x600 -depth 24 -localhost"
VNCSERVERARGS[2]="-geometry 1024x600 -depth 24 -localhost"
Restart the service:
Here is visual, how to connect to VNC Server through PuTTY(SSH) from Windows Machine.
Run PuTTY,enter the IP address or hostname of the VNC Server:
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On the left-hand panel, Go to Connection -> SSH -> Tunnels:
Source Port:590x(Where x is a value that we set in vncservers.conf,like 1 for arbab)

Destination:localhost:590x(Same x value that we used above in source port)
Click Open button in order to connect to the Server via SSH:
Login to the Ubuntu (VNC Server) with username and password:
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Upon successful connection to VNC Server, well find port 5901 is in listening mode on localhost:
netstat -a
Run VNC Viewer and enter the localhost:1(:1 is for arbab user, that we defined in vncservers file):
Enter the password, in order to connect to the VNC Server:
Now, we are connected to remote VNC Server through ssh tunnel:
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Hope this will help you!
Please Remember me in your prayers!
Enjoy
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13 sur 18 19/02/2016 15:43

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47 responses to How to install VNC server on Ubuntu Server 12.04
CzBiX October 15, 2012 at 5:47 pm

Thx for your post! thats useful.
Reply
Motte October 22, 2012 at 9:27 pm

that is VERY VERY VERY VERY VERY USEFUL!!! thank you for this keep up the good work!
Reply
tay October 27, 2012 at 3:31 am

ty
Reply
bernds November 9, 2012 at 4:16 pm

thank you very much and God bless you
Reply
narp November 9, 2012 at 7:44 pm

very nice, thanks a lot!
+1
Reply
SB November 24, 2012 at 3:12 am

Excellent guide, just solved me my issue with server Thank you very much.
Reply
fred November 29, 2012 at 5:44 pm

You need to add a step apt-get install gnome after apt-get install gnome-core to get the entire package otherwise the desktop will be minimal and pretty
useless.
Reply
Arbab November 29, 2012 at 8:35 pm

Thanks fred for comment, but normally full desktop is not recommended on server
Reply
Amrish December 6, 2012 at 3:10 am

Sorry I was trying to set up and I was getting following error. Server is running fine.
Error > getaddrinfo: No such host is known. (11001)
I was following the same steps. Can you please let me know where I am going wrong.
Reply
Amrish December 6, 2012 at 3:13 am

I am using Ubuntu 12.04 with Unity.
Reply
i-acces December 21, 2012 at 10:10 am

Thanks very much for such a well written guide. Very smooth!
14 sur 18 19/02/2016 15:43

Reply
Pingback: Instalar VNC Server en Ubuntu 12.04 Server
Kareem Adams February 3, 2013 at 1:58 am

Nice and precise. But how do one do tunnelling on MacBook to the Ubuntu vncserver?
Reply
Chris March 8, 2013 at 8:45 pm

Nice, got everything working but the following issues I have found. When connecting via vnc then trying to run vi or gedit the normal function such as up arrow do
not work. Also when logging out if I select the normal logout the gui disappears and to get it back I have to ssh to the server and restart vncservice. Any ideas?
Reply
Harold March 12, 2013 at 5:17 pm

Thank you for the detailed instructions, well written. How do I change the default port 5901 to a different port number?
Reply
KC March 27, 2013 at 2:50 am

Thank you for this great tutorial. I have multiple users, I only want to allow each user to be able to log into their existing session. How can I achieve that? Right
now VNC just creates a new session every time. My system is Ubuntu 12.04 LTS, and uses vnc4server, and I followed your tutorial here to set it up in both user and
server sides. Your help is greatly appreciated. Is there a way to fix this in vnc4server?
Reply
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Leon April 6, 2013 at 12:25 pm

This helped me so much. After struggling several nights with instructions that did not do the complete setup (building a headless server with a gnome GUI in
vncserver) this guide did the trick for me! Thanks!
Reply
curtisbob April 7, 2013 at 11:39 pm

Love your info here.. very helpful. the only question I would have is how would one do that wit KDE or is that not recommended.. is there a core version for KDE
as well??
Reply
Celladria June 19, 2013 at 2:56 pm

Excellent! Thanks a lot
Reply
naveen July 7, 2013 at 7:04 pm

i think the website is doing a great job. thanks</a
Reply
Obamayourmama July 11, 2013 at 2:27 am

Ubuntu Server 12.04 types in commands exactly Unable to locate package gnome-core and Unable to locate package vnc4server thoughts?
Reply
Harmerex July 12, 2013 at 11:27 pm

Same problem as for Amrish (no such host), i realy hope its possible to resolve this
Reply
Osric Caton July 14, 2013 at 7:12 pm

Thanks for the tutorial Just what I was looking for!
Reply
Pingback: Install VNC server on Ubuntu server | Technology Librarian Does Stuff
15 sur 18 19/02/2016 15:43

LaudemGloriae August 24, 2013 at 4:51 am

I had problems querying the status in the vncserver run-level script. It didnt work. I replaced it with the following:
status)
#status Xvnc
pgrep Xvnc4 > /dev/null && echo vncserver is Running
pgrep Xvnc4 > /dev/null || echo vncserver is Not Running
;;
This was one of the options given for this problem at StackOverflow: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2903354/bash-script-to-check-running-process
As well, I had to inert the following header inforamtion to satisfy some of the Debian requirements:
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: vncserver
# Required-Start: networking
# Required-Stop: networking
# Default-Start: 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 6
# Short-Description: Start vncserver daemon at boot time
# Description: Enable vnc server service provided by daemon
### END INIT INFO
# Guides for rc init scripts at wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts
#
Yours was the clearest and most complete guide for doing a vncserver installation on ubuntu 12.04 that I found. I will indeed pray for you as you requested.
Reply
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KKP September 10, 2013 at 11:36 am

excellent
Reply
vishwa h February 18, 2014 at 2:28 pm

Very well written, thank you very much.
Reply
remd1980 March 13, 2014 at 8:49 am

Hello, this is a nice step-by-step guide. I like it, I have only one doubt, in the parameter VNCSERVERS=1:arbab'. What is arbab? What does it means? I just
hope you can answer me. Thanks. Great Tutorial!!
Reply
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Pingback: nothingOS VNC guide for Ubuntu
Joe Mauri May 1, 2014 at 2:45 pm

This VNC over SSH tutorial is the most complete and accurate ive ever found in years on the net.
Now that i know how to do it i will post the procedure on my blog, i will surely cite you.
Thanks for sharing, bro..
Reply
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Igor June 11, 2014 at 10:19 pm

Thanks for this tutorial. But i have the grey monitor and cant doing anything. Please, help. I have not any idea what is wrong.
Reply
Hildegarde September 5, 2014 at 12:13 am

Asking questions are in fact nice thing if you are not
understanding anything totally, but this paragraph provides pleasant understanding
yet.
Reply
Oliver S. October 10, 2014 at 2:34 pm

If you are using Ubuntu 14.04 please have a look at this updated instructions:
16 sur 18 19/02/2016 15:43

http://www.havetheknowhow.com/Configure-the-server/Install-VNC.html
Reply
robin September 16, 2015 at 2:33 pm

This is very helpful! thanks.
Reply
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Pingback: Installing the VNC server on Ubuntu using Ansible | Lazy Geek -:)
Eknaprasath May 20, 2015 at 6:04 pm

Reblogged this on Eknaprasath.
Reply
Siddhartha May 28, 2015 at 12:49 pm

This works
~/.vnc/xstartup
1
2
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4
5
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7
8
9
10
#!/bin/sh
unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS
#startxfce4 &
gnome-session session=gnome-session-fallback &

vncconfig -iconic &
Reply
17 sur 18 19/02/2016 15:43

gufran December 19, 2015 at 11:45 am

Use this if you are installing on ubuntu 14.04
#!/bin/sh
export XKL_XMODMAP_DISABLE=1
unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS

vncconfig -iconic &
gnome-panel &
gnome-settings-daemon &
metacity &
nautilus &
gnome-terminal &
Reply
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How To Install VNC Server On Ubuntu Server 12.04

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How to install VNC server on Ubuntu Server 12.04 | Lazy Geek -:) https://rbgeek.wordpress.com/2012/06/25/how-to-install-vnc-server-on...

To install the core components of gnome, use this command:

sudo apt-get install gnome-core

To install a virtual desktop, use this command:

sudo apt-get install vnc4server

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Now open up the file that we need to edit:

And Modify the file so it looks like this:

[ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup

Next, create the VNC Session once more:

vncserver -geometry 1024x600

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Enter the password that we created using the vncserver command:

We now have GUI access to our server.

As sudo user create the file (and directory if it doesnt exist):

sudo mkdir -p /etc/vncserver

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Next, create an empty init script and make it executable:

sudo touch /etc/init.d/vncserver

Add the following to /etc/init.d/vncserver:

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Finally, do the following:

sudo update-rc.d vncserver defaults 99

Now, restart the service by typing:

sudo service vncserver restart

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Ability to connect for multiple users:

Create a local user, using the following command:

sudo adduser hussain

Move to the home directory and edit the xstartup file:

Modify the file so it looks like this:

[ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup

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Now open up the /etc/vncserver/vncservers.conf file as sudo user:

sudo nano /etc/vncserver/vncservers.conf

Restart the service:

sudo service vncserver restart

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Enter the password that we created using the vncserver command:

Preventing Gnome to start on boot on the server:

To prevent it, edit the gdm.conf file:

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sudo nano /etc/init/gdm.conf

Comment these six lines:

VNC encrypted through the ssh tunnel:

On Ubuntu, edit /etc/vncserver/vncservers.conf:

sudo nano /etc/vncserver/vncservers.conf

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Add the option -localhost:

Restart the service:

sudo service vncserver restart

Run PuTTY,enter the IP address or hostname of the VNC Server:

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On the left-hand panel, Go to Connection -> SSH -> Tunnels:

Source Port:590x(Where x is a value that we set in vncservers.conf,like 1 for arbab)

Click Open button in order to connect to the Server via SSH:

Login to the Ubuntu (VNC Server) with username and password:

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Enter the password, in order to connect to the VNC Server:

Now, we are connected to remote VNC Server through ssh tunnel:

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Hope this will help you!

Please Remember me in your prayers!