Scribd Logo
Importer

Bienvenue sur Scribd !

  • Immediate Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction

    Transféré par

    leo
    93 vues2 pages
    An immediate hemolytic transfusion reaction is a medical emergency that occurs within 24 hours of a blood transfusion due to the rapid destruction of donor red blood cells by host antibodies. It can be immune-mediated, caused by ABO incompatibility or other antibodies, or nonimmune-mediated if the red blood cells were damaged prior to transfusion. Symptoms include fever, hypotension, red urine, bleeding, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Treatment involves discontinuing the transfusion, managing hypotension and potential organ failure, and inducing diuresis in nonimmune reactions.

    Description originale:

    Immediate Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Formats disponibles

    DOCX, PDF, TXT ou lisez en ligne sur Scribd

    Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

    Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

    Signaler ce document
    An immediate hemolytic transfusion reaction is a medical emergency that occurs within 24 hours of a blood transfusion due to the rapid destruction of donor red blood cells by host antibodies. It can be immune-mediated, caused by ABO incompatibility or other antibodies, or nonimmune-mediated if the red blood cells were damaged prior to transfusion. Symptoms include fever, hypotension, red urine, bleeding, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Treatment involves discontinuing the transfusion, managing hypotension and potential organ failure, and inducing diuresis in nonimmune reactions.

    Droits d'auteur :

    © All Rights Reserved
    Téléchargez comme DOCX, PDF, TXT ou lisez en ligne sur Scribd
    Signaler comme contenu inapproprié
    93 vues2 pages

    Immediate Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction

    Transféré par

    leo
    An immediate hemolytic transfusion reaction is a medical emergency that occurs within 24 hours of a blood transfusion due to the rapid destruction of donor red blood cells by host antibodies. It can be immune-mediated, caused by ABO incompatibility or other antibodies, or nonimmune-mediated if the red blood cells were damaged prior to transfusion. Symptoms include fever, hypotension, red urine, bleeding, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Treatment involves discontinuing the transfusion, managing hypotension and potential organ failure, and inducing diuresis in nonimmune reactions.

    Droits d'auteur :

    © All Rights Reserved
    Téléchargez comme DOCX, PDF, TXT ou lisez en ligne sur Scribd
    Signaler comme contenu inapproprié
    sur 2

    IMMEDIATE HEMOLYTIC Nonimmune mediated

    TRANSFUSION REACTION
    Pathophysiology
    A type of transfusion reaction
    that is associated with Immune Mediated
    hemolysis. It occurs very soon o This may be caused by
    after the transfusion often IgM immunoglobulin anti
    within 24 hrs post-transfusion. It A, anti B or both or by IgG
    can occur quickly upon immunoglobulin or Rh,
    transfusing a few milliliters or Kell, Duffy or other non
    up to 1-2 hrs post-transfusion. ABO antibodies. The
    Also known as an acute former results in a severe
    hemolytic transfusion intravascular hemolysis
    reaction (AHTR). and the later typically
    This is a medical emergency causes extravascular
    hemolysis. The reactions
    as it results from rapid
    are mediated by
    destruction of the donor red
    cytokines like TNF, IL-8,
    blood cells by host antibodies
    monocyte
    (IgG, IgM)
    chemoattractant protein,
    It is usually related to ABO
    IL-1, etc.
    blood group incompatibility
    the most severe of which often
    Nonimmune mediated
    involves group A red cells being
    o These occur when RBCS
    given to a patient with group O
    are damaged before
    type blood.
    transfusion, resulting in
    Properdin then binds to
    hemoglobinemia and
    complement C3 in the donor
    hemoglobinuria. Clinical
    blood facilitating the reaction
    symptoms are (?) or
    through the alternate pathway
    milder.
    cascade
    The donor cells also become Incidence
    coated with IgG and are
    subsequently removed by Acute hemolytic, immune
    macrophages in the mediated (fatal) 1 per 250,000
    reticuloendothelial system (RES) 600,000
    Jaundice and disseminated A cute hemolytic, immune
    intravascular coagulation (DIC) mediated (nonfatal) 1 per
    may also occur 6000 33,000
    The most common cause is Acute hemolytic, nonimmune
    clerical error (i.e the wrong unit mediated
    of blood being given to the Symptoms and signs
    patient).
    Early signs are fever,
    Types of Acute Hemolytic
    hypotension, anxiety or red
    Transfusion Reactions are divided coloured urine
    into two:
    Late signs are generalized
    Immune mediated bleeding (DIC) and hypotension
    Management o If DIC is documented and
    bleeding requires
    In case of Antibody treatment, transfusions of
    mediated AHR frozen plasma, pooled
    o Immediately discontinue
    cryoprecipitates for
    the transfusion while fibrinogen, and/or platelet
    maintaining venous concentrates may be
    access for emergency indicated.
    management.
    o Anticipate hypotension, In case of Nonantibody
    renal failure, and DIC. mediated AHR
    o Prophylactic measures to o This does not require
    reduce the risk of renal vigorous management
    failure may include low- o Diuresis induced by an
    dose dopamine, vigorous infusion of normal saline
    hydration with crystalloid until the intense red color
    solutions, and osmotic of hemoglobin(?) is
    diuresis with mannitol. usually adequate
    treatment.

    Vous aimerez peut-être aussi