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NO : 01
INDEX NO : UCHS/BMET/FT/2014/26
DATE OF SUBMITION :
QUESTIONS
1.
i. Write Down the energy conversion of DC Motor?
ii. Describe the constructional features of DC Motor?
iii. Briefly explain the Principle of DC Motor?
iv. (a). Write down the equations of Induced e.m.f of motor and voltage equation of the
motor.
(b) A 4 pole motor in 440V, takes an armature current of 50A. The Resistance of the
armature circuit is 0.28 ohm. Armature Winding is wave wound with 888 conductors
and the useful flux/pole is 0.023 Wb. Calculate the speed of the motor.
2. i. Determine developed torque and shaft torque of 220V, 4 pole series motor with 800
conductors wave-connected supplying a load of 8.2 kW by taking 45A from the
mains. The flux per pole is 25mWb and its armature circuit resistance is 0.6 ohm.
Ii. Draw the following Motor characteristics curves for series, shunt and compound
Motors.
(a). Torque and Armature current
(b). Speed and Armature Current
(c). Speed and Torque
iii. A 230V dc shunt motor has an armature resistance of 0.5 ohm and field resistance of
15 ohm. At no load, the speed is 1200 r.p.m and the armature current is 2.5 A. on
application of rates load, the speed drops to 1120 r.p.m. determine the line current and
power input when the motor delivers rated load.
3.
i. Write down what is DC Generator?
ii. Describe the working principle of DC Generator.
iii. (a) What are the types of DC Generators?
(b) What are types of self-excited generators? Draw the circuit diagram of each types.
There is a magnetic frame or yoke. Its acts as a protective cover for the machines and protect
the machine from any outside disturbance. It houses field system and supports the armature through
bearings.
Inside from the magnetic frame there are stator magnets. They are basically electromagnets with
such an arrangements so that adjacent poles have opposite polarity. They perform the function of
producing the magnetic field.
Inside to the magnetic field, there is an armature. The armature is a system of conductors or coil
which is free to rotate on the support bearings. It is consists of various parts. They are,
- Armature core
- Armature windings
The armature core is made up of high permeability thin silicon content steel laminations. The outer
periphery of the core has slots to carry armature windings.
The armature windings are generally made up of copper wires and is wound over the armature core.
After the armature, there is a commutator. It is cylindrical in shape and is made of copper. It perform
two basic functions.
After the commutator, we can see brushes. They are usually made of carbon or graphite. The main
function of brushes is to collect current from moving commutator.
There is a rotating part of dc motor, called shaft. The final output is obtained from the shaft. The
armature is mounted over the shaft.
iii. When the battery is connected to the dc motor, the current starts flowing through the armature.
A force is developed in the armature due to the influence of magnetic field of the stator, whose
direction is given by flemings left hand rule.
Due to the development of this force in each armature conductor, the armature will rotate in the
clockwise direction and as a result the shaft will also rotate.
Finally the output power in the form of mechanical energy is obtained from the shaft.
Eb = PN/60 (V)
(b) P = 4
V = 440V
Ia = 50A
Ra = 0.28
Z = 888
= 0.023Wb
Wave wounded
Eb = V IaRa
= 440 50 x 0.28
= 426V
Eb = ZN x P
60 2
N = 51120
81.696
= 625.734 r.p.m.
QUESTION NO : 02
i. V = 220V
P=4
Z = 800
Load = 8.2kW
I = 45V
= 25mWb
Ra = 0.6
Wave winding
Tb = 1 x ZP x Ia
2 A
= 1 x 25x10-3 x 800 x 4 x 45
2 2
= 286.479Nm
ii. Series Motor
Ta
Ia
Ia
Ta
Shunt Motor
a) Torque and Armature current
Ta
Ia
Ia
Ta
Compound Motor
Ia
Ia
Ta
iii) V = 230V At no load,
Rf = 15 Ia = 2.5A
Eb1 = V IaRa
= 228.75V
N2 = Eb2
N1 Eb1
1120 = Eb2
1200 228.75
Eb2 = 213.5V
Eb2 = V Il Rf
213.5 = 230 - Il x 15
Il = 1.1A
QUESTION NO : 03
i) DC generator is a machine which converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy.
QUESTION NO : 04
Load = 50kW
N1 = 1050r.p.m. N2 = 1000r.p.m.
Ra = 0.04
Rs = 0.04
Rsh = 100
In a 50 kW (230V on no load and 250V on full load) over compound dc generator (long shunt)
the flux per pole required to produce 230 V on no load is 0.06 Wb at 1050 rpm. The
resistance of the armature and series field are 0.04 ohm and 0.04 ohm respectively and
the shunt field resistance is 100 ohm. Calculate the values of the flux per pole at full
load, 1000rpm. (Neglect brush drop).
QUESTION NO : 05
Eg = ZN x P
60 A
N = Eg x 60A
PZ
N = ( V Ia Ra ) K
N 1
According to that equation we can say, by decreasing flux the speed of the motor can
be increase.
The flux of dc motor can be change by changing the shunt field current (Ish) with help
of a shunt field resistance. Since Ish is relatively small, shunt field resistance has to
carry a small current. Its mean I2R loss is small. So the resistance is small in size.
This method is therefore very efficient.
By increasing the resistance in series with the armature the voltage applied across the
armature terminals can be decreased.
Electrical braking means slow or stop the motion using electromagnetic force to apply
mechanical resistance.
The current induced in armature conductors of a DC generator are alternating. To make their
flow unidirectional in the external circuit, we need a commutator.
The commutation in the DC machine is the process in which generated alternating current
(AC current) in the armature winding of a dc machine is converted into direct current after
going through the commutator and the stationary brushes.
Output without a commutator Output with a commutator