From the following data show that decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solution.Solution is first order reaction.

What is the value of the rate constant?

Time 0 10 20 30 40
N,ML 25 20 15.7 12.5 9.6

where N is the number of mole of KMnO 4, required to decompose a definite volume of H2O2 solution.

solution: As decompisition is first order reaction

1 CA O
K ln( ) -1
T CA CA ln(CAO/CA)
TIME K
0 25 0
at timet= 0 CAO= 25 moles 10 20 0.022314355 0.2231435513
20 15.7 0.023260756 0.4652151125
a) when t= 10 CA= 20 moles 30 12.5 0.023104906 0.6931471806
40 9.6 0.023927818 0.9571127264
 1.2

f(x)=0.0235382207x
R=0.999643706
0.8

0.6
ln(CAO/CA)(mol/liter)

0.4

0.2

0
0 5 10 15
 ln(CAO/CA) vs TIME

x)=0.0235382207x
=0.999643706

Column
er) Linear(C

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Time(s)
 ColumnN
Linear(ColumnN)

40 45
 1 1
x1 (17 x 2 2 x 3 ) x1 (17 x 2 2 x 3 )
20 20

1 1
x2 ( 18 3 x1 x 3 ) x2 ( 18 3 x1 x 3 )
20 20

1 1
x3 ( 25 2 x1 3 x 2 ) x3 ( 25 2 x1 3 x 2 )
20 20

JACOBIANS METHOD GAUSS SEIDEL METHOD

Sr. No. Initial Value New Value Sr. No Initial Value New Value
x1 x2 x3 x'1 x'2 x'3 x1 x2 x3 x'1 x'2 x'3
1 0 0 0 0.85 -0.9 1.25 1 0 0 0 0.85 -1.0275 1.010875
2 0.85 -0.9 1.25 1.02 -0.965 1.03 2 0.85 -1.0275 1.010875 1.0024625 -0.99982563 0.99977991
3 1.02 -0.965 1.03 1.00125 -1.0015 1.00325 3 1.0024625 -0.99982563 0.99977991 0.99996927 -1.0000064 1.00000211
4 1.00125 -1.0015 1.00325 1.0004 -1.000025 0.99965 4 0.99996927 -1.0000064 1.00000211 1.00000053 -1 0.99999995
5 1.0004 -1.000025 0.99965 0.99996625 -1.0000775 0.99995625 5 1.00000053 -1 0.99999995 0.99999999 -1 1
6 0.99996625 -1.0000775 0.99995625 0.9999995 -0.99999713 0.99999175
7 0.9999995 -0.99999713 0.99999175 0.99999903 -1.00000034 1.00000048
8 0.999999031 -1.00000034 1.00000048 1.00000007 -0.99999983 1.00000005
 The Spent acid from a nitrating process contains 21% HNO 3, 55%H2SO4 & 24% H2O by wt. This acid is to be co
H2SO4, by addition of concentrated sulfuric acid containing 93% H2SO4 and concentrated nitric acid containing 90%
concentrated sulfuric acid containing 93% H2SO4 and concentrated nitric acid containing 90% HNO3. Calculate the
acid and concentrated nitric acid that must be combined to obtain 1000kg of the desired mixture.

WasteAcid
21%HNO3,55%H2SO4&24%H20

ConcentratedH2SO4 100
Mixing Desir
93%H2SO4,7%H2O
28%HNO3,62%

ConcentratedHNO3
90%HNO3,10%H2O

Basis: 1000kg of desired mix

Let
x Waste acid
y H2SO4
z HNO3

Overall Material Balance x+y+z=1000

Material Balance of HNO3 0.21x+0.90z=280
Material Balance of H2SO4 0.55x+0.93y=620
 MATRIX METHOD

A X B
1 1 1 x 1000
0.21 0 0.9 y 280
0.55 0.93 0 z 620

A-1 5.7055214724 -6.3394683027 -6.1349693252

-3.3742331288 3.7491479209 4.7034764826
-1.3312883436 2.5903203817 1.4314928425

A-1B 126.789366053 x
591.683708248 y
281.526925699 z

SOLV ER METHOD

F1 0
F2 -1.92219E-007
F3 0.000001

X1 126.789361137
X2 591.683712231
X3 281.526926632 x+y+z=1000 x=1000-y-z
0.21x+0.90z=280 z=1/0.90(280-0.21x)
JACOBIANS METHOD 0.55x+0.93y=620 y=1/0.93(620-0.55x)

Initial Value Final Value

x y z x' y' z'
0 0 0 1000 666.666666667 311.1111111
1000 666.666666667 311.111111111 22.2222222222 75.2688172043 77.77777778
22.2222222222 75.2688172043 77.7777777778 846.953405018 653.524492234 305.9259259
846.953405018 653.524492234 305.925925926 40.5495818399 165.780244344 113.4886499
40.5495818399 165.780244344 113.48864994 720.731105715 642.68573117 301.649542
720.731105715 642.68573117 301.649542015 55.6647268149 240.427840706 142.9405198
55.6647268149 240.427840706 142.940519777 616.631639517 633.746666937 298.1226749
616.631639517 633.746666937 298.122674854 68.1306582083 301.992041146 167.2303952
68.1306582083 301.992041146 167.230395224 530.77756363 626.37434192 295.2139575
530.77756363 626.37434192 295.213957529 78.411700551 352.765956993 187.2630129
78.411700551 352.765956993 187.263012931 459.971030076 620.294155588 292.8150476
459.971030076 620.294155588 292.815047649 86.8907967627 394.640788665 203.7845374
86.8907967627 394.640788665 203.784537427 401.574673909 615.279636323 290.8365919
401.574673909 615.279636323 290.836591866 93.8837718104 429.176268118 217.4103539
93.8837718104 429.176268118 217.410353866 353.413378016 611.144005919 289.2048977
353.413378016 611.144005919 289.204897689 99.6510963927 457.658754937 228.6479896
99.6510963927 457.658754937 228.647989574 313.693255489 607.733222563 287.8591886
313.693255489 607.733222563 287.859188619 104.407588817 481.14914998 237.9160182
104.407588817 481.14914998 237.916018164 280.934831857 604.920243173 286.7493404
280.934831857 604.920243173 286.749340387 108.33041644 500.522411268 245.5596503
108.33041644 500.522411268 245.559650345 253.917938388 602.600291353 285.8340139
253.917938388 602.600291353 285.834013942 111.565694706 516.500143964 251.8635922
111.565694706 516.500143964 251.863592154 231.636263882 600.686954744 285.0791157
231.636263882 600.686954744 285.07911568 114.233929576 529.677478349 257.0626495
114.233929576 529.677478349 257.062649539 213.259872112 599.10896638 284.4565275
213.259872112 599.10896638 284.456527543 116.434506077 540.545236923 261.3504743
116.434506077 540.545236923 261.350474285 198.104288792 597.807550169 283.9430597
198.104288792 597.807550169 283.943059693 118.249390137 549.508216306 264.8867771
118.249390137 549.508216306 264.88677706 185.605006635 596.734231639 283.5195867
185.605006635 596.734231639 283.519586746 119.746181615 556.900264894 267.8032762
119.746181615 556.900264894 267.80327623 175.296458877 595.849032378 283.1703354
175.296458877 595.849032378 283.170335401 120.980632221 562.996717869 270.208604
120.980632221 562.996717869 270.20860404 166.794678092 595.118980945 282.8822969
166.794678092 595.118980945 282.882296926 121.998722129 568.024652742 272.1923529
121.998722129 568.024652742 272.19235289 159.782994369 594.516884762 282.6447426
159.782994369 594.516884762 282.644742614 122.838372623 572.171347416 273.8284124
122.838372623 572.171347416 273.828412425 154.000240159 594.020317266 282.4488242
154.000240159 594.020317266 282.448824166 123.530858569 575.59125582 275.1777217
123.530858569 575.59125582 275.177721741 149.231022439 593.610782567 282.2872441
149.231022439 593.610782567 282.287244112 124.101973321 578.411760923 276.2905392
124.101973321 578.411760923 276.290539209 145.297699868 593.27302653 282.153984
145.297699868 593.27302653 282.153984003 124.572989467 580.737919433 277.2083145
124.572989467 580.737919433 277.208314475 142.053766092 592.994468595 282.0440802
142.053766092 592.994468595 282.044080236 124.96145117 582.656374892 277.9652324
124.96145117 582.656374892 277.965232356 139.378392752 592.764733179 281.9534392
139.378392752 592.764733179 281.953439172 125.281827649 584.238584932 278.5894861
125.281827649 584.238584932 278.589486136 137.171928933 592.575263218 281.8786847
137.171928933 592.575263218 281.87868466 125.546052122 585.543482889 279.1043277
125.546052122 585.543482889 279.104327694 135.352189417 592.419001433 281.8170323
135.352189417 592.419001433 281.817032283 125.763966284 586.619672925 279.5289336
125.763966284 586.619672925 279.52893358 133.851393494 592.290127466 281.7661856
133.851393494 592.290127466 281.766185645 125.943686889 587.507240407 279.8791193
125.943686889 587.507240407 279.879119296 132.613640298 592.183841087 281.7242508
132.613640298 592.183841087 281.724250837 126.091908076 588.239244985 280.1679284
126.091908076 588.239244985 280.167928375 131.59282664 592.096183396 281.6896659
131.59282664 592.096183396 281.689665893 126.21415071 588.842951987 280.4061182
126.21415071 588.842951987 280.406118229 130.750929784 592.023889365 281.6611426
130.750929784 592.023889365 281.661142612 126.314968023 589.340847977 280.6025608
126.314968023 589.340847977 280.602560828 130.056591195 591.964266223 281.6376186
130.056591195 591.964266223 281.637618572 126.398115205 589.751478326 280.7645732
126.398115205 589.751478326 280.764573166 129.483948509 591.915093158 281.6182176
129.483948509 591.915093158 281.618217563 126.466689278 590.090137979 280.8981898
126.466689278 590.090137979 280.898189792 129.011672229 591.874538599 281.6022169
129.011672229 591.874538599 281.602216946 126.523244455 590.369441155 281.0083876
126.523244455 590.369441155 281.008387591 128.622171254 591.841091989 281.5890207
128.622171254 591.841091989 281.589020738 126.569887273 590.599791194 281.0992712
126.569887273 590.599791194 281.099271152 128.300937654 591.813507527 281.5781374
128.300937654 591.813507527 281.578137414 126.608355059 590.789768054 281.1742257
126.608355059 590.789768054 281.174225658 128.036006288 591.790757761 281.5691616
128.036006288 591.790757761 281.569161597 126.640080642 590.946447894 281.236043
126.640080642 590.946447894 281.236042977 127.817509128 591.771995319 281.561759
127.817509128 591.771995319 281.561758961 126.666245719 591.075666645 281.2870256
126.666245719 591.075666645 281.287025648 127.637307708 591.756521349 281.5556538
127.637307708 591.756521349 281.555653777 126.687824875 591.182237377 281.3290726
126.687824875 591.182237377 281.329072646 127.488689977 591.743759483 281.5506186
127.488689977 591.743759483 281.55061864 126.705621877 591.270129584 281.3637501
126.705621877 591.270129584 281.363750117 127.3661203 591.733234374 281.546466
127.3661203 591.733234374 281.546466007 126.72029962 591.342617027 281.3923497
126.72029962 591.342617027 281.392349708 127.265033265 591.724553988 281.5430412
127.265033265 591.724553988 281.5430412 126.732404812 591.402399682 281.4159367
126.732404812 591.402399682 281.415936683 127.181663636 591.717395004 281.5402167
127.181663636 591.717395004 281.540216655 126.742388341 591.451704302 281.4353896
126.742388341 591.451704302 281.435389596 127.112906102 591.711490766 281.5378872
127.112906102 591.711490766 281.537887165 126.750622069 591.492367359 281.451433
126.750622069 591.492367359 281.451433021 127.056199621 591.706621357 281.535966
127.056199621 591.706621357 281.535965962 126.757412681 591.52590345 281.4646645
126.757412681 591.52590345 281.464664533 127.009432017 591.702605403 281.5343815
127.009432017 591.702605403 281.534381485 126.763013111 591.55356171 281.475577
126.763013111 591.55356171 281.475576974 126.970861316 591.699293321 281.5330747
126.970861316 591.699293321 281.533074719 126.76763196 591.57637234 281.4845768
126.76763196 591.57637234 281.484576804 126.939050856 591.696561744 281.531997
126.939050856 591.696561744 281.531996987 126.771441269 591.595184978 281.4919992
126.771441269 591.595184978 281.491999245 126.912815777 591.694308927 281.5311081
126.912815777 591.694308927 281.531108148 126.774582925 591.610700347 281.4981208
126.774582925 591.610700347 281.498120763 126.89117889 591.692450959 281.5303751
126.89117889 591.692450959 281.530375095 126.777173946 591.623496355 281.5031694
126.777173946 591.623496355 281.50316937 126.873334275 591.690918634 281.5297705
126.873334275 591.690918634 281.529770524 126.779310842 591.634049622 281.5073331
126.779310842 591.634049622 281.507333114 126.858617264 591.689654878 281.5292719
126.858617264 591.689654878 281.529271915 126.781073207 591.642753231 281.5107671
126.781073207 591.642753231 281.510767083 126.846479686 591.688612619 281.5288607
126.846479686 591.688612619 281.528860696 126.782526684 591.649931368 281.5135992
126.782526684 591.649931368 281.513599184 126.836469447 591.687753036 281.5285216
126.836469447 591.687753036 281.528521551 126.783725413 591.655851402 281.5159349
126.783725413 591.655851402 281.515934907 126.828213691 591.687044111 281.5282418
126.828213691 591.687044111 281.528241848 126.784714041 591.660733839 281.5178612
126.784714041 591.660733839 281.51786125 126.821404911 591.686459438 281.5280112
126.821404911 591.686459438 281.528011168 126.785529394 591.664760536 281.51945
126.785529394 591.664760536 281.519449965 126.815789499 591.68597724 281.5278209
126.815789499 591.68597724 281.527820919 126.78620184 591.668081479 281.5207602
126.78620184 591.668081479 281.520760228 126.811158293 591.685579557 281.527664
126.811158293 591.685579557 281.527664015 126.786756428 591.670820365 281.5218408
126.786756428 591.670820365 281.521840843 126.807338793 591.685251575 281.5275346
126.807338793 591.685251575 281.527534611 126.787213814 591.673079209 281.5227321
126.787213814 591.673079209 281.52273206 126.804188732 591.684981078 281.5274279
126.804188732 591.684981078 281.527427888 126.787591035 591.674942148 281.5234671
126.787591035 591.674942148 281.523467074 126.801590778 591.68475799 281.5273399
126.801590778 591.68475799 281.52733987 126.78790214 591.676478572 281.5240733
126.78790214 591.676478572 281.524073263 126.799448165 591.684574003 281.5272673
126.799448165 591.684574003 281.527267278 126.788158718 591.677745709 281.5245732
126.788158718 591.677745709 281.524573206 126.797681085 591.684422263 281.5272074
126.797681085 591.684422263 281.52720741 126.788370326 591.678790756 281.5249855
126.788370326 591.678790756 281.524985525 126.79622372 591.684297119 281.527158
126.79622372 591.684297119 281.527158035 126.788544846 591.679652639 281.5253256
126.788544846 591.679652639 281.525325577 126.795021784 591.684193908 281.5271173
126.795021784 591.684193908 281.527117314 126.788688778 591.680363461 281.525606
126.788688778 591.680363461 281.525606028 126.794030511 591.684108787 281.5270837
126.794030511 591.684108787 281.52708373 126.788807483 591.680949698 281.5258373
126.788807483 591.680949698 281.525837325 126.793212977 591.684038585 281.527056
126.793212977 591.684038585 281.527056032 126.788905383 591.681433186 281.5260281
126.788905383 591.681433186 281.526028083 126.792538731 591.683980687 281.5270332
126.792538731 591.683980687 281.527033188 126.788986124 591.681831933 281.5261854
126.788986124 591.681831933 281.526185407 126.79198266 591.683932937 281.5270143
126.79198266 591.683932937 281.527014349 126.789052714 591.682160793 281.5263152
126.789052714 591.682160793 281.526315157 126.79152405 591.683893556 281.5269988
126.79152405 591.683893556 281.526998811 126.789107633 591.682432013 281.5264222
126.789107633 591.682432013 281.526422166 126.791145821 591.683861077 281.526986
126.791145821 591.683861077 281.526985997 126.789152926 591.682655697 281.5265104
126.789152926 591.682655697 281.52651042 126.790833883 591.683834291 281.5269754
126.790833883 591.683834291 281.526975428 126.78919028 591.682840177 281.5265832
126.78919028 591.682840177 281.526583205 126.790576618 591.6838122 281.5269667
126.790576618 591.6838122 281.526966712 126.789221088 591.682992323 281.5266432
126.789221088 591.682992323 281.526643234 126.790364444 591.68379398 281.5269595
126.790364444 591.68379398 281.526959524 126.789246496 591.683117802 281.5266927
126.789246496 591.683117802 281.526692741 126.790189457 591.683778954 281.5269536
126.790189457 591.683778954 281.526953595 126.78926745 591.683221289 281.5267336
126.78926745 591.683221289 281.526733571 126.79004514 591.683766562 281.5269487
126.79004514 591.683766562 281.526948706 126.789284732 591.683306638 281.5267672
126.789284732 591.683306638 281.526767245 126.789926117 591.683756341 281.5269447
126.789926117 591.683756341 281.526944674 126.789298985 591.683377027 281.526795
126.789298985 591.683377027 281.526795017 126.789827956 591.683747912 281.5269413
126.789827956 591.683747912 281.526941348 126.78931074 591.68343508 281.5268179
. This acid is to be concentrated to contain 28% HNO 3 and 62%
c acid containing 90% HNO3. Calculate the weight of spent acid,
HNO3. Calculate the weight of spent acid, concentrated sulfuric
ture.

1000kg
DesiredMix
28%HNO3,62%H2SO4,10%H2O
1/0.90(280-0.21x)
1/0.93(620-0.55x) GAUSS SEIDEL METHOD

Initial Value Final Value

x y z x' y' z'
0 0 0 22.2222222 666.666667 311.111111
22.2222222 666.666667 311.111111 40.5495818 653.524492 305.925926
40.5495818 653.524492 305.925926 55.6647268 642.685731 301.649542
55.6647268 642.685731 301.649542 68.1306582 633.746667 298.122675
68.1306582 633.746667 298.122675 78.4117006 626.374342 295.213958
From the following data show that decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solution.Solution is first or
reaction. What is the value of the rate constant?

Time 0 10 20 30
N,ML 25 20 15.7 12.5

Where N is the number of mole of KMnO4, required to decompose a definite volume of H2O2 solution.

solution: As decompisition is first order reaction

1 C
K ln( A O )
T CA

1) at timet= 0 CAO= 25 moles

2) when t= 10 C A= 20 moles

TIME CA K ln(CAO/CA)
0 25 0
10 20 0.0223143551 0.2231435513
20 15.7 0.0232607556 0.4652151125
30 12.5 0.023104906 0.6931471806
40 9.6 0.0239278182 0.9571127264
ueous solution.Solution is first order

40
9.6

olume of H2O2 solution.

-1