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Unit name Symbol Scenario

Mass Kilogram kg 23.4g= 0.0234kg decimal goes 3 to left
Length Meter m 1 m= 3ft 3.37in
Time Second s 1s= 0.0166667 minute
Electric Ampere A 1A= 1c of charge flows through conductor for 1s
Temperature Kelvin K 1K= -457.87 Fahrenheit
Amount of substance Mole mol
Luminous intensity Candela cd

Notebook # 1

Base Units

Derived units
Quantity Unit name Symbol British units When used and why? Definition
Absorbed dose Gray Gy rad Used to measure amount Amount of energy deposited in any
of radiation absorbed by medium (water, tissue, air)
an object or person.

Charge Coulomb C esu Force of 2 electrically 1C=6.24x10^18

charged bodies attract or If polarities are same (- & -)(+ &+), the
repel one another coulomb force is repulsive repels.
depends on product of If polarities are different (+ & -), the
the charges (coulombs) force is attractive.
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Electric potential Volt v Difference between Stored energy which has potential to
excess electrons at one do work, release energy
end & lack of electrons at
other end of circuit
Energy joule J ft/lb Used to produce The ability to do work
electricity
Exposure Coulomb/ C/kg Roentgen Rate will be proportional Measure of ionization of air due to
kilogram to radioactivity and ionizing radiation from photons
inversely proportional to (gamma and x rays)
the square of the distance
Frequency Hertz Hz Cycles per 1 Hz = 1 cycle/sec # of wavelengths that pass a certain
second (cps) Rate of rise and fall of a point per second
wave
Force Newton N Cause an object with Any interaction that will change motion
mass to change its of an object
velocity to accelerate
Magnetic flux Weber Wb The number of magnetic field lines
passing through a closed surface
Magnetic flux Tesla T Gauss Moving from north round Around the magnet there is a magnetic
density to south field and this gives flow of magnetic
energy
Power Watt W Joule per second J/s Rate of doing work
P=W/t Amount of energy given per unit time
Radioactivity Bequerel Bq Curies (Ci) 1 curie=3.7x10^10 Atoms that have unstable nucleus-
radioactive decays per exist in in an unnaturally excited state
sec
-some isotopes are used -undergo radioactive decay
in treatment of cancer
-sterilize medical Release nuclear particles and become
instruments another element
-preparing synthetic Ex: uranium - radium - radon
elements
-detecting faults in metal
structures
-tracer for medical
diagnosis
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Quantum theory 4.15x10^-15 h Exists at the speed of Planck theorized electromagnetic

(Planks Constant) light radiation can only exist as packets of
-Amplitude is lower at energy- photons
beginning of wave E=hf
-Photon energy directly E-photon energy
proportional to photon h-Plancks constant
frequency & inversely f- photon frequency
proportional to photon
wavelength
Inverse square Measure for I Measure intensity Law of electrostatics that states the
law Intensity force between 2 charges is directly
proportional to the product of their
magnitudes and inversely proportional
to the square of the distance between
them.
Grid Ratio The height of g/cm^2 Grid ratio=h/D Grid ratio affects the amount of scatter
the lead strips g/in^2 absorbed by determining the
divided by the maximum angle of a scattered ray that
width of the can get through the grid. The smaller
interspace the angle the less scatter reaches the
image receptor.
Grid conversion When GCF mAs1/mAs2=GCF1/GCF2 Grid conversion factors increase with
factors converting one higher grid ratios and increasing kvps.
ratio to another
you will use this
formula
Flux Gain A measurement Flux Gain= # of output If output phosphor produces 50 light
in the increase light photons/ # of input photons for each electron that strikes it
in light photons x-ray photons then the flux gain would be 50.
due to the
conversion
efficiency of the
output screen
Brightness Gain The Conver Brightness gain= Measurement of the increase image
measurement of sion minification gain X Flux intensity achieved by an image
the increase in factor gain or use the intensification tube.
image intensity conversion factor
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achieved by an equation
image
minification
tube
Minification Gain Result from the Minification gain = input Ratio between area of the input and
same # of screen diameter ^2 / output screens.
electrons that output screen diameter
were produced ^2
at the large
input screen
becoming
compressed into
the area of
small output
screen

Magnification Magnification= input Magnification factor= mode 2 in

factor screen diameter / multifield image intensifier / mode 1
diameter of the output
screen used during
magnification
Relative speed Most useful RS= relative mAs 1/ mAs2 = RS 2/ RS Relative speed is expressed with par-
formula rating of speed 1 speed screens, an film, being
intensifying arbitrarily assigned a RS number of
screens 100 as a control point.
High screens rated RS 200-1200 and
fine detail screens are rated RS 20-80
Exposure A direct square mAs1/ mAs2 = D1^2/
Maintenance law: mAs must D2^2
formula increase when
distance
increases, and
vice versa, in
order to
maintain image
receptor
exposure
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Magnification Image size/ object size = Image size = object size X SID/ SOD
Factor SID/SOD Object size = image size X SOD/ SID
Intensification Most accurate Intensification factor= Dn
Factor factor that (exposure in mR
measures the nonscreen) / Ds (exposure
speed or in mR with screens)
sensitivity of an
intensifying
screen is
intensification
factor

Radiologic Units
SI units Common units
Radioactivity Becquerel (bq) Curie (Ci) 1curie= 3.7 x 10^10
per sec.
Absorbed dose Gray (Gy) Rad 1rad= 0.01 gray (Gy)
1gray=100 rad
Dose equivalent Sievert (Sv) Rem 1rem= 0.01 sievert
(Sv)
1(Sv)=100 rem
Exposure Coulomb/kilogram Roentgen (R) 1R=0.000258
(C/kg) coulomb/kilogram
(C/kg)
1(C/kg)=3880
roentgens