Diana Laura Valdez Alderete

Competencia Docente
Grupo: 107 matutino
Motivation
Key words: Cognitive, Strategies, stages, behaviors, theories, factors.
Motivation is known as a very important human characteristic. The antecedent of
motivation is the behaviorism, which has two basic dimensions (direction and
magnitude) but human behavior is very complex because there exist a big number
of factors that have influence in it like physical needs, beliefs, feelings, etc.
Motivation also explains why people decide to do something, how hard are they
going to do it, and for how long. Now days motivation is used to describe reasons
of why someone wants to do something.
In 1960 mechanistic views of behaviorism had a lot of changes, humanistic
psychologists such as Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow proposed the self-
actualising tendency that is the desire to achieve personal growth and to develop
fully the talents and capacities we have inherited. In 1970 Maslow purposed the
famous Hierarchy of Needs that distinguished between five classes of need such
as:
o Physiological needs like hungry, thirst, etc.
o Safety needs like the protection from pain or a need for security, etc.
o Love needs wish is the need for affection and social acceptance.
o Esteem needs like the need to gain competence, or approval.
o Self-actualisation need which is the necessity to realize ones potential and
capabilities.
The recent belief in motivational psychology and also psychology in general is
characterized by the cognitive approach, this one describes the focus on how
individuals conscious attitudes, thoughts, and beliefs influence their behavior.
Some theories can explain the variety in some factors that may interfere in
motivation. The theory of expectancy-value says that limit amount of people would
find fault with the argument that people will only be motivated to do something if
they expect success and they value the outcome. The goal theories describes the
goal that gives meaning, direction and purpose to a particular event. The attribution
theory says that is also important to assume that our past actions and to be
specific the way to understand our past successes and failures can determine our
future behavior.
Motivational stages:
The process oriented approach is that motivation consists of several distinct
phases. Originally, it needs to be generated: selection of the goal or task to be
pursued. Then, the generated motivation needs to be actively maintainer and
protected while the action lasts. Lastly, termed individual retrospection, it concerns
the learners retrospective evaluation of how things went, the way students process
Diana Laura Valdez Alderete
Competencia Docente
Grupo: 107 matutino
their past experiences in retrospective phase to determinate what type of activities
will be motivated to do in the future.

Motivational strategies
Techniques that promote the individually goal-related behavior. Because human
behavior is rather complex, there are many diverse ways of promoting it.
o Focus on the internal structure of a typical language class and cluster the
strategies according to the various structural units, like give feedback.
o Design a primarily trouble-shooting guide in which some particularly
problematic facets of the classrooms motivational life are listed and
suggestions are offered on how to handle this, like lack of voluntary
participation.
o Focus on key motivational concepts such as self- confidence, student
autonomy, etc.
o Centre the discussion on the main types of teacher behavior that have
motivating effects.

Reference:
Dornyei, Z. (2013). Motivational strategies in the language classroom (1st Ed.).
Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.