Motor Plants

Assistant Engineer / OIC-EW

1. When calculating the indicated power developed in a diesel engine cylinder, 1

horsepower is equivalent to '33,000 foot-pounds per minute'. What conversion factor would be used
if the values are based on metric 'kilogram-meters per minute'?

(a) 4500 kg-meters per minute = 1 HP

o (b) 5500 kg-meters per minute = 1 HP
o (c) 11000 kg-meters per minute = 1 HP
o (d) 16500 kg-meters per minute = 1 HP

2. The speed of the camshaft in a two-stroke/cycle diesel engine, running at 950 RPM, is
__________.

o (a) 475 RPM

(b) 950 RPM
o (c) 1900 RPM
o (d) 2400 RPM

3. Diesel engines are classified as reciprocating internal combustion engines because they
__________.

o (a) use energy from fuel burned outside their cylinders

o (b) burn fuel in a combustion chamber that moves back and forth
(c) burn fuel in a closed chamber which imparts linear motion to pistons
o (d) use a continuous combustion process to impart rotary motion to the pistons

4. What determines the number of events occurring in a cycle of operation in an internal

combustion engine?

o (a) Crankshaft revolution

(b) Method of air charging a cylinder and expelling exhaust gases
o (c) Distance a piston travels during a stroke
o (d) Number of pistons

5. The thermal energy produced by an internal combustion engine is transformed into

__________.

o (a) combustion energy

o (b) internal energy
o (c) external energy
(d) mechanical energy

6. In describing engine operation, what does the term "cycle" mean?

(a) The sequence of events that produce a power pulse.

o (b) One rotation of the engine crankshaft.
o (c) One stroke of a piston.
o (d) All of the above.

7. The highest pressure in a diesel engine cylinder normally occurs __________.

o (a) at TDC
o (b) before TDC
(c) after TDC
o (d) during air starting

8. Modern marine diesel engines equipped with mechanical fuel injection operate on a
 combustion cycle which is __________.

o (a) entirely constant volume

o (b) entirely constant pressure
(c) a combination of constant volume and constant pressure
o (d) a combination of constant temperature and constant pressure

9. The load is always placed on the lower half of the main bearings in a/an __________.

(a) two-stroke/cycle engine

o (b) four-stroke/cycle engine
o (c) reverse cycle engine
o (d) double acting engine

10. The camshaft drive is designed to maintain proper camshaft speed relative to crankshaft
speed. In maintaining this relationship, the camshaft drive causes the camshaft to rotate at
__________.

o (a) one-half crankshaft speed in a two-stroke cycle diesel engine

(b) crankshaft speed in a two-stroke cycle diesel engine
o (c) two times crankshaft speed in a two-stroke cycle diesel engine
o (d) one-fourth times crankshaft speed in a four-stroke cycle diesel engine

11. Which of the terms listed below represents the operational speed at which excessive
engine vibration is created?

o (a) Non-harmonic speed.

(b) Critical speed.
o (c) Maximum speed.
o (d) Design maximum speed.

12. The bore of a diesel engine cylinder describes the __________.

o (a) swept volume of the cylinder

(b) inside diameter of the cylinder
o (c) piston displacement in the cylinder
o (d) length of the piston stroke

13. The cubic inch (or liter) displacement of a cylinder is determined by the diameter of the
piston and the __________.

o (a) length of the crankshaft

o (b) volume of the clearance space
o (c) weight of the piston
(d) length of the stroke

14. The compression ratio of a diesel engine refers to the ratio between the __________.

o (a) piston area to connecting rod length

(b) cylinder volumes at top dead center and at bottom dead center
o (c) engine cylinder size to piston size
o (d) the number of compression strokes for a given horsepower

15. If the compression ratio is increased on any diesel engine, __________.

o (a) the expansion ratio will decrease

o (b) combustion will be slowed down
o (c) thermal efficiency will decrease
(d) thermal efficiency will increase

16. The theoretical minimum compression ratio necessary to ensure compression ignition in
 a direct injection diesel engine is __________.

o (a) 10 : 1
(b) 12 : 1
o (c) 16 : 1
o (d) 20 : 1

17. Which of the following relationships exists between the temperatures developed in a
combustion space, and the compression ratio of the engine?

(a) Higher compression ratios create higher temperature.

o (b) Higher temperatures create higher compression ratios.
o (c) Lower temperatures create higher compression ratios.
o (d) Higher compression ratios create lower temperatures.

18. The ratio of the brake horsepower to the indicated horsepower of a diesel engine is its
__________.

o (a) thermal efficiency

(b) mechanical efficiency
o (c) brake thermal efficiency
o (d) volumetric efficiency

19. The most important factor in engine performance is the actual power output at the end
of the crankshaft available for doing work. This is known as __________.

o (a) indicated horsepower

(b) brake horsepower
o (c) net horsepower
o (d) friction horsepower

20. The average pressure exerted on a piston during each power stroke is termed
__________.

o (a) indicated horsepower

(b) mean effective pressure
o (c) exhaust back pressure
o (d) compression pressure

21. (2.3.1.2-1) Most practical diesel engines today operate on a cycle which is a combination of the
Diesel and Otto cycles. In this process, compression ignition __________.

(a) begins on a constant volume basis

o (b) begins on a constant pressure basis
o (c) ends on a constant volume basis
o (d) begins and ends on a constant volume basis

22. (2.3.11.1-1) The minimum fuel oil delivery pressure required for efficient injection depends primarily
on the __________.

o (a) degree of cylinder air turbulence

(b) maximum pressure in the engine cylinders during injection
o (c) quantity of the fuel to be injected
o (d) duration of the injection delay period
23. Fuel injection systems are designed to primarily meter fuel, atomize fuel, and
__________.

o (a) create turbulence in the combustion chamber

o (b) aid in completing cylinder scavenging
(c) inject fuel at the proper time
o (d) minimize fuel penetration into the cylinder
24. The degree of fuel atomization in a diesel engine cylinder depends primarily on
__________.

(a) the size of the holes in the fuel nozzle

o (b) timing of the pump
o (c) supply pressure to the pump
o (d) shape of the combustion chamber

25. The purpose of the delivery check valve used in a diesel fuel injection jerk pump is to
__________.

(a) assist in a quick cutoff of fuel injection

o (b) allow oil backflow from the injector to the helix
o (c) reduce fuel oil pressure between injection strokes
o (d) meter the quantity of fuel delivered

26. Injection pressure in a common rail fuel system is controlled by __________.

o (a) engine speed

o (b) varying the fuel pump piston stroke
o (c) varying the injector needle valve clearance
(d) a bypass valve

27. The amount of fuel delivered by a unit injector is controlled by the __________.

o (a) camshaft
o (b) main spring
(c) rack position
o (d) engine speed

28. In a unit injector, an upper helix and lower helix are machined in the lower part of the
plunger for __________.

o (a) facilitating plunger rotation

o (b) positioning the control sleeve
(c) accurate metering of the fuel oil
o (d) eliminating injection lag

29. control rack to a unit injector regulates fuel delivery by __________.

o (a) altering spring tension on the plunger

(b) rotating the plunger and position of the helix
o (c) regulating the lift of the check valve
o (d) altering the actual length of the plunger stroke

30. A main propulsion diesel engine is normally shut down by __________.

o (a) shutting off the air supply

o (b) over speeding the engine
(c) securing the fuel supply
o (d) securing the ignition system

31. The over speeding of the diesel engine driving an electric generator could cause
__________.

o (a) low voltage trip to trip

o (b) reverse power trip to trip
(c) damage to the field windings
o (d) excessive exhaust temperatures
32. A normally operating diesel engine is shutdown by __________.

o (a) shutting off the air supply

o (b) over speeding the engine
(c) securing the fuel supply
o (d) securing the ignition system

33. Load control on a diesel engine is accomplished by __________.

o (a) regulating the speed of the turbocharger

(b) regulating the amount of fuel admitted to the engine
o (c) regulating the speed of the fuel oil transfer pump
o (d) changing engine timing

34. Diesel engine automated control systems may utilize sensing devices of dual function,
with sensing ranges providing both alarm and engine shut down capability. Which of the key points
listed would only require an alarm sensor?

o (a) Lube oil pressure and temperature

o (b) Jacket water pressure and temperature
o (c) Engine over speed
(d) Lube oil sump level

35. Which of the types of reduction gearing listed is best suited for medium speed main
propulsion units?

o (a) Hypoid
(b) Helical
o (c) Cyclical
o (d) Spur

36. Reduction gear casings are vented in order to __________.

o (a) allow windage to exist for cooling the gears

(b) avoid a buildup of pressure within the gear case
o (c) minimize lube oil foaming within the case
o (d) allow for axial clearance between the gears

37. The minimum speed an engine must attain before ignition can occur depends upon
__________.

o (a) the type and size of the engine

o (b) the condition of the engine
o (c) ambient temperature
(d) all of the above

38. Heat for igniting the fuel oil in the cylinder of a diesel engine is generated by the
__________.

o (a) electronic ignition system

(b) compression of air by the piston
o (c) friction in the fuel injector
o (d) fuel oil heating system

39. The main operating characteristic of diesel engines which distinguishes them from other
internal combustion engines is the __________.

o (a) method of supplying air

o (b) cooling system
(c) method of igniting fuel
o (d) valve operating mechanism
40. Theoretical perfect combustion in a diesel engine yields by-products of __________.

o (a) aldehydes and carbon dioxide

o (b) water vapor and carbon monoxide
o (c) nitrogen and carbon monoxide
(d) water vapor and carbon dioxide

41. The formation of carbon monoxide in diesel exhaust gases is reduced by __________.

o (a) spraying water into the exhaust pipe

o (b) keeping the exhaust system free of carbon deposits
(c) maintaining proper combustion and scavenging
o (d) avoiding light load operation

42. Turbulence of the compressed air charge in a diesel engine cylinder increases
__________.

o (a) ignition lag

o (b) piston side thrust
(c) the efficiency of fuel combustion
o (d) compression pressure

43. In a diesel engine, after ignition of the fuel occurs, but before the piston reaches TDC,
there is little change in the cylinder __________.

o (a) temperature
o (b) pressure
o (c) energy
(d) volume

44. In the starting process of a diesel engine, the main object is to attain the compression
conditions sufficient to __________.

o (a) turn the flywheel

o (b) reduce friction
o (c) overcome inertia
(d) ignite the fuel

45. The greatest turbulence in a diesel engine cylinder is created by the __________.

(a) shape of the combustion chamber

o (b) fuel injection spray pattern
o (c) cylinder swept volume
o (d) degree of penetration of the fuel oil droplets

46. What is the term given to the process of breaking up fuel oil into very fine particles for
better combustion?

o (a) Settling
o (b) Straining
o (c) Spraying
(d) Atomizing

47. Proper atomization of fuel in diesel engine combustion chambers will __________.

o (a) affect the injection pressure

(b) improve combustion
o (c) reduce compression pressure
o (d) decrease power output
48. Fuel oil penetration into the cylinder of a diesel engine is __________.

o (a) dependent on air turbulence

(b) reduced by finer atomization
o (c) increased by finer atomization
o (d) nonexistent in the precombustion chamber system

49. Fuel droplets injected into a diesel engine cylinder must have adequate penetration to
__________.

o (a) prolong the ignition delay period

o (b) ensure the beginning of fuel injection
(c) thoroughly utilize the air charge
o (d) allow controlled fuel combustion

50. Maintaining the proper fuel oil temperature will result in __________.

o (a) the elimination of valve wear

(b) improved atomization
o (c) a decrease in cylinder blow-by
o (d) a decrease in cylinder mean effective pressure

51. A diesel engine operating at a light load, when compared to operating at heavy load has
an air/fuel ratio that is __________.

(a) higher
o (b) lower
o (c) equal
o (d) directly proportional

52. As engine RPM is increased from idle speed to full load speed, which of the conditions
listed will decrease?

o (a) Compression ratio

(b) Air/Fuel ratio
o (c) Compression pressure
o (d) Lube oil pressure

53. The time between injection and ignition of the fuel is known as __________.

o (a) turbulence lag

o (b) after burning ratio
o (c) injection lag
(d) ignition delay

54. When is fuel injected into a cylinder of diesel engines?

o (a) Before air in the cylinder is compressed.

(b) After air in the cylinder is compressed.
o (c) After combustion gases in the cylinder have expanded.
o (d) As air is taken into the cylinder.

55. For a given fuel, a change in the compression ratio will affect the ignition lag by which of
the listed means?

o (a) An increase in compression ratio will increase the ignition lag.

(b) An increase in compression ratio will decrease the ignition lag.
o (c) A decrease in compression ratio will decrease the ignition lag.
 o (d) A decrease in ignition lag will increase the compression ratio.

56. The rate of pressure rise during the period following fuel ignition in a diesel engine is
influenced by the length of the ignition delay period and the __________.

o (a) valve overlap

o (b) volumetric efficiency
(c) turbulence of the air charge
o (d) fuel efficiency

57. The pressure in an operating diesel engine cylinder continues to rise for a short period
after the piston passes top dead center as a result of the __________.

(a) expansion during the combustion process

o (b) exhaust and intake valves just closing
o (c) maximum compression pressure is just being attained
o (d) fuel injection occurring at that point and combustion begins

58. Which statement about diesel engine combustion is true?

o (a) Combustion does not begin until the piston starts down on the power stroke.
o (b) Maximum combustion pressure is reached before TDC.
o (c) Turbulence in the cylinder causes a delay in ignition.
(d) Maximum cylinder firing pressure is not developed until the piston passes TDC.

59. Fuel combustion in a diesel engine cylinder should begin just before the piston
reaches top dead center and should __________.

o (a) end when fuel injection has been completed

o (b) end at bottom dead center
(c) continue through the after-burning period
o (d) be completed exactly at top dead center

60. In a large, slow-speed, main propulsion diesel engine, which of the parts listed is
under tension when the engine is running?

o (a) Bed plate

o (b) Column
o (c) Entablature
(d) Tie rod

61. In diesel engines designed with a crosshead, the motion of the piston rod can be
described as __________.

o (a) reciprocating at the crank pin, rotary at the piston pin

o (b) straight rotation
o (c) reciprocating at the piston pin, rotary at the crank pin
(d) straight reciprocation

62. In a large slow-speed propulsion diesel engine, the side thrust on the crosshead is the
direct result of _____.

o (a) the piston rod acting against the crosshead during the power stroke
(b) the angularity of the connecting rod against the crosshead during the power stroke
o (c) the velocity of the crankpin during the power stroke
o (d) cylinder pressure acting against the piston crown

.
63. While underway, which of the following would be the FIRST step in reversing a direct
reversing large, slow-speed, main propulsion, diesel engine?

o (a) Manually trip the over speed device.

(b) Set the fuel rack to zero.
o (c) Disengage the safety interlock.
o (d) Slide the camshaft to the neutral position.

64. In a large slow-speed propulsion diesel engine, the force applied to the piston is
__________.

o (a) against the crosshead during power stroke and away from the crosshead during the
compression stroke
o (b) against the crosshead during the compression stroke and away from the crosshead during the
power stroke
(c) against the crosshead during the power and compression strokes
o (d) away from the crosshead during the power and compression strokes

65. Cast iron pistons used in large propulsion diesel engines are constructed with
__________.

o (a) no taper for the entire length

o (b) the skirt being tapered and smaller than the crown
o (c) the skirt being tapered and larger than the crown
(d) the crown being tapered and smaller than the skirt

66. Which of the following procedures should be carried out when a large, low-speed,
diesel engine is operated with one cylinder secured?

o (a) Lubrication to the defective cylinder should be increased.

o (b) Cooling water temperature to the engine should be increased.
o (c) Only the turbocharger speed should be reduced.
(d) Engine speed should be reduced.

67. During maneuvering operations for a direct reversing large, low-speed, main
propulsion diesel engine, which of the following actions is used to stop the shaft from turning prior to
changing the engine rotation for a vessel with moderate headway?

o (a) The way of the vessel

o (b) Flywheel inertia
o (c) Securing cylinder lubricators
(d) Admission of reversing start air

68. Valve cages are used on some large diesel engines to __________.

o (a) reduce wear on the valve stem

o (b) permit the use of alloy valve seat materials
o (c) reduce heat transfer from the valve seat
(d) facilitate valve removal for servicing

69. A diesel engine crankcase ventilation system __________.

o (a) prevents spark generation

(b) removes combustible gases
o (c) determines the level of combustible gases
o (d) provides inert gas generation in crankcase

70. A safety crankcase cover differs from other diesel engine access doors in that it is
fitted with a __________.

(a) spring-loaded pressure plate

o (b) hand wheel
 o (c) nut-operated clamp
o (d) large gasket

71. Which of the listed design features is most common with a two-stroke cycle, low-
speed main propulsion diesel engine?

(a) Piston rod and crosshead construction

o (b) 90 degree 'V' configuration
o (c) Double acting trunk type pistons
o (d) Single reduction gearing

72. The opening of an exhaust valve on a modern, large, low-speed, main propulsion
diesel engine, may be actuated by __________.

o (a) direct action of the overhead cam shaft

o (b) compressed air pressure
(c) hydraulic "push rods"
o (d) direct action of the main piston moving down

73. The closing of the exhaust valves used on a modern, large, low-speed, main
propulsion diesel engine may be directly provided by __________.

o (a) mechanical push rods

(b) compressed air pressure
o (c) hydraulic pressure
o (d) exhaust gas pressure

74. The insertion of shims between the foot of a marine type connecting rod and a
bearing box would result in __________.

(a) increased compression ratio

o (b) decreased compression ratio
o (c) increased bearing clearance
o (d) decreased bearing clearance

75. In a two-stroke/cycle, opposed piston, diesel engine, one crankshaft operates several
crank angles in advance of the other crankshaft to __________.

(a) allow the exhaust ports to open and close before the inlet ports close
o (b) allow the scavenge ports to open and close simultaneously with the exhaust ports
o (c) prevent scavenge air pressure buildup in the cylinders
o (d) prevent the exhaust piston from reaching TDC and BDC before the intake piston

76. During the power stroke, the side thrust of a trunk type piston is a result of the angle
__________.

(a) formed by the connecting rod and the cylinder center line
o (b) formed by the piston in relation to the piston pin
o (c) between the crank arm and crankpin
o (d) between the master and link connecting rods

77. Which of the bearings listed below is most widely used for the main and connecting
rod bearings of a modern high-speed diesel engine?

o (a) Poured Babbitt, self-aligning

o (b) Split roller
o (c) Steel-lined
(d) Precision insert
.

78. Which of the components listed is only found in an opposed piston engine?

o (a) Exhaust valves

 o (b) Scavenging ports
o (c) Combustion chambers
(d) Upper and lower crankshafts

79. Auxiliary diesel engines can be automatically shut down as a result of __________.

o (a) low lube oil temperature

(b) low lube oil pressure
o (c) high exhaust temperature
o (d) high cooling water pressure

80. Lube oil pumps taking suction from the sump of most small marine engines are usually
__________.

o (a) diaphragm type

o (b) centrifugal type
(c) positive displacement type
o (d) eductor type

81. When a generator diesel engine is operated at partial load, as compared to full load, a
decrease will occur in the average __________.

o (a) piston speed

o (b) fuel injection pressure
(c) combustion pressure on the power stroke
o (d) compression pressure on the compression stroke

82. Which of the routine maintenance procedures listed is required for starting air
receivers?

(a) Frequent draining of accumulated moisture.

o (b) Frequent testing of relief valves.
o (c) A close watch on temperature to prevent fluctuations in pressure.
o (d) Frequent cleaning to remove oil and foreign matter.

83. When starting a diesel engine at temperatures below 70F, the frictional resistance to
turning will be __________.

o (a) reduced by increasing lube oil pressure

o (b) controlled by reducing the compression ratio
(c) proportional to the lube oil viscosity
o (d) eliminated by heating the intake air

84. Starting a large low-speed propulsion diesel engine on diesel fuel during cold weather
conditions, will be made easier by __________.

o (a) increasing the quantity of starting air

o (b) increasing the lube oil pressure
o (c) heating the engine fuel supply
(d) heating the engine coolant

85. Starting air check valves are held firmly on their seats by __________.

o (a) cam rollers on the camshaft

(b) spring force
o (c) air pressure on top of the valve differential piston
o (d) air pressure on the bottom of the valve differential piston

86. A two-stroke/cycle diesel engine requires less starting air than a four-stroke/cycle
diesel engine, of equal displacement, because the two-stroke/cycle diesel engine __________.

o (a) has little or no internal friction

 o (b) has a lower effective compression ratio
o (c) operates with scavenge air under a positive pressure
(d) operates without energy absorbing intake and exhaust strokes

87. In addition to the main starting air compressor, another air compressor, driven by a
separate power source, is installed to __________.

o (a) provide air for engine scavenging

o (b) provide air for engine supercharging
(c) supply a backup source of starting air
o (d) supply the independent source of reversing air

88. Where is the air charge for an air starting system stored?

o (a) Air compressor

(b) Pressurized tank
o (c) Distributor assembly
o (d) Cylinder check valve

89. An accumulator used in a hydraulic starting system is generally located between the
__________.

o (a) pump and the compressor

o (b) storage tank and the pump
o (c) starting motor and the reserve tank
(d) pump and the starting motor

90. Which of the listed diesel engine starting systems is most susceptible to difficulties in
cold weather?

o (a) Direct cylinder admission air start

o (b) Hydraulic
(c) Electric
o (d) Air motor starting

91. Starting systems for large, direct reversing, main propulsion diesel engines are usually
__________.

o (a) hydraulic starting motor

o (b) electric starting motor
(c) direct air admission
o (d) vane type air motors

92. The pilot valves in an air pilot starting system for a two-stroke/cycle, direct-reversing,
main propulsion diesel engine are operated by either a ported distributor disc or a/an __________.

o (a) regulator valve

o (b) quick opening main air valve
o (c) pilot air start check valve
(d) individual cam for each pilot valve

93. A six-cylinder, four-stroke/cycle diesel engine is fitted with a rotary distributor type air
starting system. The speed of the rotating distributor disc is __________.

(a) one-half engine speed

o (b) the same as engine speed
o (c) twice engine speed
o (d) four times engine speed

94. When an air started, four-stroke/cycle diesel engine is being cranked over, the starting
air is admitted to each cylinder during the beginning of its __________.

o (a) intake stroke

 o (b) compression stroke
(c) power stroke
o (d) exhaust stroke

95. In a medium-speed marine propulsion engine equipped with direct admission air
starting valves, the cylinders without air starting valves fire first because the __________.

o (a) operation is under higher compression

o (b) fuel is admitted only to these cylinders during cranking
o (c) compression is released during starting by opening the exhaust valve
(d) cylinders are not chilled by the expansion of the starting air

96. Air motors used for starting some auxiliary diesel engines are generally the type
known as a/an __________.

o (a) accumulator motors

(b) vane motors
o (c) gear motors
o (d) plunger motors

97. Which internal combustion engine starting system uses a vane type fluid motor?

o (a) Jet flow

(b) Compressed air
o (c) Electric
o (d) Centrifugal

98. Hydraulic starters are installed on many lifeboat diesel engines instead of comparable
air start systems, because __________.

o (a) hydraulic starters are the least expensive of all starting systems
o (b) the system does not require high pressure piping
o (c) hydraulic systems turn diesel engines at higher rates of speed than air starters
(d) the system can be manually recharged

99. Which type of starter motor is normally used in a diesel engine hydraulic starting
system?

(a) Axial piston

o (b) Centrifugal
o (c) Precision gear
o (d) Turbine drive

100. When an engine fitted with a hydraulic starting system starts up, the starter is
protected from the higher speed of the engine by __________.

o (a) the immediate increase in hydraulic pressure

(b) the overrunning clutch
o (c) closing the starting check valves
o (d) the pivoting of the shaft from being engaged with the flywheel

101. The purpose of the engine-driven hydraulic pump in an auxiliary diesel engine
hydraulic starting system is to __________.

(a) restore hydraulic pressure in the accumulator after starting

o (b) engage the starter motor with the flywheel
o (c) fill the sump and prevent low level in the system
o (d) bypass the hydraulic motor when the engine is running

102. In a Bendix starter drive, the pinion engagement with the flywheel ring gear is initiated by __________.

o (a) Bendix spring pressure

(b) starter drive shaft rotation
 o (c) a differential spring
o (d) solenoid throw out action

103. In a diesel engine starting motor equipped with a Bendix drive, the pinion moves and
meshes with the flywheel ring gear due to __________.

(a) the shaft sleeve spiral helix and relative rotation between pinion and starter shaft
o (b) shifting levers of solid mechanical linkage
o (c) centrifugal force developed from rotation
o (d) electromotive force developed at the flywheel

104. Which of the following operating characteristics of the Bendix drive friction clutch is
associated with a Bendix drive starter?

(a) Helps absorb the shock when the pinion engages the flywheel ring gear.
o (b) Disengages the pinion from the flywheel ring gear.
o (c) Engages the pinion with the air start distributor.
o (d) Prevents the pinion starter from overrunning on the starter shaft.

105. A Bendix drive starting motor disengages the drive gear from the flywheel by
__________.

o (a) spring force

(b) having the flywheel impart a torque to the starter pinion
o (c) rotating of the starting cam
o (d) applying accumulator pressure

106. The pinion of an auxiliary diesel electric starting motor normally engages the flywheel
ring gear by means of a/an __________.

o (a) automatic follow-up

o (b) magnetic type coupling
o (c) muff coupling and release
(d) Bendix drive or similar mechanism

107. (2.3.7.3-13) Electric starting motors for diesel engines require high current for operation and
________.
o (a) require a generator as a source of power
(b) will carry a 100% overload for a brief period
o (c) require a current/voltage regulator for proper operation
o (d) will overheat if operated continuously over 10 seconds

108. Auxiliary diesel engine electric starting motors use __________.

o (a) 400 cycle per second motor-generator power

(b) battery power direct current
o (c) low amperage, high voltage AC power
o (d) alternating current transformers

109. Diesel engine electric starting motors generally require heavier duty motors and
operate at higher voltages than comparable starting motors for gasoline engines due to
__________.

o (a) higher speed required

o (b) lower starting temperatures
(c) higher compression pressures
o (d) flywheel effect

110. In order to reverse the rotation of a two-stroke/cycle loop scavenged, direct reversing,
propulsion diesel engine, the cam positions must be changed for the __________.

(a) starting air and fuel pumps

 o (b) piston cooling pumps
o (c) exhaust valves
o (d) all of the above

111. Intercoolers installed on starting air compressors, reduce the possibility of

__________.

o (a) dust entering the first stage

(b) lube oil carbonization
o (c) discharge pulsations
o (d) interstage vapor lock

112. Which of the following devices is normally provided to prevent oil starvation in a diesel
engine lubrication system utilizing the 'full flow' principle?

o (a) Duplex strainer

o (b) Three-way valve
(c) Pressure relief bypass line around the filter
o (d) Mechanical straining filter

113. The lube oil pump used in a diesel engine is normally a __________.

o (a) volute pump

o (b) centrifugal pump
o (c) diaphragm pump
(d) gear pump

114. A diesel engine exposed to widely varying ambient temperatures should use a
lubricating oil with __________.

(a) a high viscosity index

o (b) a low viscosity index
o (c) extreme pressure additives
o (d) no additives

115. Two important considerations for the proper lubrication of a diesel engine include, the
delivery of the oil in sufficient amount, and the __________.

o (a) cetane number

o (b) pour point
o (c) viscosity temperature
(d) quality of the oil

116. A diesel engine should use which type of lubricating oil?

o (a) Low viscosity

o (b) Cutting oil
o (c) High grade vegetable oil
(d) Detergent oil

117. The highest indicated lube oil pressure in a diesel engine should be expected when
the engine oil is _________.

(a) cold at idle

o (b) warm at idle
o (c) warm at full speed
o (d) warm at full speed and no fuel dilution exists

118. The TBN value of diesel engine lube oil refers to its ability to __________.

o (a) resist changes in viscosity with changes in temperature

o (b) resist emulsification
 (c) neutralize acids
o (d) resist oxidation at high temperatures

119. Which lubricating oil additive is used in diesel engines to reduce the tendency for
sludge and varnish to form on the engine parts?

o (a) Flash point improvers

o (b) Pour point improvers
(c) Inhibitors
o (d) Foam suppressors

120. On most modern diesel engines, the main and connecting rod bearings receive their
lubricating oil by __________.

o (a) banjo feed

o (b) splash feed
o (c) gravity feed
(d) pressure feed

121. A well-lubricated bearing surface always appears __________.

o (a) well knurled

o (b) slightly streaked
o (c) lightly glazed
(d) highly polished

122. Proper lubrication of the main bearings is more easily obtained in a single acting four-
stroke/cycle diesel engine than in a single acting two-stroke/cycle diesel engine because
__________.

(a) bearing pressure in a four-stroke/cycle single acting diesel engine is continually reversed
o (b) bearing pressure in a two-stroke/cycle single acting diesel engine is continually reversed
o (c) the maximum bearing pressure is higher in a single acting two-stroke/cycle diesel engine
o (d) two-stroke/cycle diesel engines require more complicated lubrication piping

123. Lube oil filters remove contaminants more efficiently if the oil being filtered is __________.

o (a) under high pressure

o (b) under low pressure
(c) heated to reduce viscosity
o (d) cooled to increase viscosity

124. Which of the following should always be checked prior to starting a diesel engine?

o (a) Air filters

o (b) Fuel oil strainers
(c) Crankcase oil level
o (d) Pyrometer readings

125. Which of the listed diesel engine operating conditions should be checked
immediately after any diesel engine is started?

o (a) Exhaust temperature

o (b) Lube oil level
(c) Lube oil pressure
o (d) Water level in the expansion tank

126. The most crucial time for any bearing with regards to diesel engine lubrication is
__________.

o (a) during periods of low load

o (b) during first warm up
 (c) during initial starting
o (d) after load reversals

127. In a normally operating diesel engine, the main source of lubricating oil contamination
in the crankcase is a result of the __________.

o (a) metal particles loosened by wear

o (b) air when no air cleaners are used
o (c) condensation of water vapors
(d) combustion byproducts removed from the cylinder walls

128. Before starting a diesel engine that has an engine driven lube oil pump, the operator
should __________.

o (a) open the bypass line

o (b) cut in the lube oil cooler
(c) pressurize the lube oil system with the prelube pump
o (d) top off the expansion tank

129. How often should the lubricating oil of a diesel engine be changed?

o (a) After every trip

o (b) Every 4000 hours
(c) According to manufacturer's instructions
o (d) Every time they are shutdown

130. A spring-loaded relief valve is located on some lube oil filters in full flow systems to
__________.

o (a) prevent over pressurization of the filter cartridge

o (b) prevent over pressurization of the filter casing
(c) bypass the filter should it become clogged
o (d) limit the lube oil outlet pressure

131. Most large main propulsion diesel engines use a duplex lube oil strainer to
__________.

o (a) decrease the time required between cleanings

o (b) remove all large and small foreign objects
(c) ensure a positive flow of oil at all times
o (d) ensure that all lube oil has been treated twice

132. A magnetic strainer is primarily used in diesel engine reduction gear oil systems to
remove small particles of __________.

o (a) copper
o (b) Babbitt
(c) ferrous materials
o (d) acidic materials

133. Where would a coarse screen wire-mesh strainer normally be found on a diesel
engine lubrication system?

o (a) pump discharge line

o (b) gravity tank inlet line
o (c) filter bypass return line
(d) pump suction line

134. What type of engine lubrication oil filter system sends filtered oil directly to the high
pressure supply gallery?

o (a) centrifugal purifier system

o (b) bypass system
 (c) shunt system
o (d) batch system

135. In a by-pass type lubrication system for a diesel engine, the dirty oil line to the
centrifuge should be taken from the __________.

o (a) lube oil pump suction line

o (b) lube oil pump discharge line
(c) bottom of the lube oil sump
o (d) outlet from the lube oil header

136. Maximum lube system operating pressure for a diesel engine is normally regulated by
a/an __________.

o (a) orifice in the pump suction

o (b) special filter design
o (c) pressure drop through the filter
(d) relief valve

137. The lube oil cooler is located after the lube oil filter in order for __________.

(a) the filter to operate more efficiently

o (b) the lube oil cooler to be bypassed
o (c) positive lube oil pump suction to be assured
o (d) galvanic action in the cooler to be minimized

138. Which of the following statements is true concerning a main diesel engine oil cooler?

o (a) The oil temperature is less than the cooling water temperature.
o (b) The oil pressure is less than the cooling water pressure.
(c) The oil pressure is greater than the cooling water pressure.
o (d) The oil flow control valve is always installed in the oil input line.

139. Heat exchangers are most commonly found in a small auxiliary diesel engine
__________.

o (a) fuel oil system

o (b) governing system
o (c) air starting system
(d) lube oil system

140. Reduction gear lube oil temperatures for keel cooler installations are generally
__________.

o (a) lower than raw water cooled installations

(b) higher than raw water cooled installations
o (c) identical to raw water cooled installations
o (d) lower than raw water cooled installations, but the pressure will be higher

141. One advantage of a vacuum feed sight glass indicator used on cylinder lubricators
over the discharge side liquid filled type sight glass is __________.

o (a) there are fewer moving parts

o (b) adjustments are not required
(c) better visual metering adjustment
o (d) a lower grade of cylinder oil may be used

142. Mechanical lubricators for diesel engine cylinders are usually small reciprocating
pumps which are __________.

o (a) operated manually once each hour

o (b) operated until the engine has started
o (c) placed into operation only at maximum load
 (d) adjustable to meet lubrication requirements

143. The rate of cylinder lubricating oil metered to each cylinder of a large, low-speed, main
propulsion diesel engine is __________.

o (a) the same, whether at sea, or during maneuvering

o (b) adjusted during each hour of operation while at constant RPM
(c) reduced during periods of low load operation
o (d) lower at sea than while maneuvering

144. The adverse effects of burning high sulfur fuel can be compensated for by using a
cylinder oil having sufficient __________.

o (a) dispersant additives

o (b) floc point depressive additives
(c) alkalinity
o (d) ignition quality

145. The purpose of an oil mist detector in a main propulsion diesel engine is to warn of
__________.

(a) a possible overheated bearing

o (b) excessively high crankcase vacuum
o (c) low cylinder oil pressure
o (d) excessive carbon buildup in the lube oil

146. Which of the following problems could develop due to the accumulation of oil vapors in
the crankcase of a diesel engine?

o (a) Reduced lubrication

o (b) Poor fuel economy
o (c) Combustion knock
(d) Crankcase explosion

147. Crankcase explosions in propulsion diesel engines result from __________.

o (a) the splashing of lubrication oil by the crankshaft

o (b) the dilution of crankcase oil with particles of combustion
o (c) broken fuel lines spraying oil on the crankcase
(d) the ignition of unburned fuel and air in the crankcase

148. For diesel engine piston cooling, lubricating oil can be supplied to the pistons by a/an
__________.

(a) oil spray

o (b) oil wick
o (c) oil control rings
o (d) drilled passage through the camshaft

149. Shaker, circulation, and spray are the three general methods used in __________.

o (a) pre-injection fuel oil treatment

o (b) lube oil filtration
o (c) lube oil purification
(d) piston cooling

150. The upper piston rings in large, slow-speed, two-stroke/ cycle diesel engines are most
effectively lubricated by oil __________.

(a) fed from mechanical lubricators

o (b) thrown off from the main bearings
o (c) supplied from wick fed drip lubricators
 o (d) flow from a centrifugal or banjo oiler

151. Wristpin bearings are difficult to lubricate because of their oscillating motion and
__________.

o (a) their free-floating design

o (b) their relatively small size
o (c) the reciprocating motion of the piston
(d) their position in the lubrication system

152. A 'Blotter test' is a test performed on the lube oil of a diesel engine which can
determine ______.

o (a) the specific gravity of the oil

o (b) the flash point of the oil
(c) a change in the oils viscosity
o (d) the TBN number of the oil

153. If the analysis of used lube oil indicates a high content of iron particles, this could
indicate __________.

o (a) corrosive deterioration of a bearing

o (b) inadequate air filtration
(c) excessive ring and liner wear
o (d) excessive cooling of lubricating oil

154. A decrease in the flash point of diesel engine lube oil indicates the lube oil has
become __________.

o (a) contaminated with sludge

o (b) contaminated with carbon
(c) diluted with fuel oil
o (d) diluted with water

155. Starting aids such as glow plugs, are installed on __________.

o (a) large, direct drive diesel engines

o (b) diesel engines designed to burn residual fuels
o (c) medium-speed, four-stroke/cycle diesel engines
(d) small diesel engines utilizing electric starting equipment

156. Precombustion chambers, and energy cells in high-speed, small bore diesel engines
all serve to increase ________.

o (a) firing pressure

o (b) ignition quality of fuel
o (c) fuel/air ratio during compression
(d) turbulence

157. The purpose of the energy cell, or air cell, is to __________.

o (a) cause auto ignition in the cell rather than in the main combustion chamber
(b) create a high turbulence within the main combustion chamber
o (c) allow the spray to hit the piston rim rather than the cooler cylinder wall
o (d) make a blast in the main chamber prior to the piston expansion stroke

158. A multi-orifice fuel injection nozzle is usually used with which of the listed types of
combustion chamber?

(a) Open combustion chamber

o (b) Precombustion chamber
o (c) Turbulence chamber
 o (d) Energy cell

159. Open combustion chambers are designed to __________.

o (a) eliminate carbon buildup

o (b) improve piston cooling
o (c) prevent air charge turbulence
(d) provide proper fuel/air mixing

160. What type of marine engine has a fuel nozzle and combustion chamber located
between two pistons in a common cylinder liner?

o (a) Horizontal reciprocating

(b) Vertical opposed piston
o (c) Single acting in-line cylinder
o (d) Double acting in-line cylinder

161. A diesel engine with a combustion chamber located between the crowns of two
pistons is known as a/an __________.

o (a) double-acting engine

(b) opposed piston engine
o (c) single-acting engine
o (d) horizontal acting engine

162. Precombustion chambers differ from turbulence chambers in that precombustion

chambers __________.

o (a) allow fuel injection directly into the space above the piston
o (b) do not contain the fuel injector nozzle tip
o (c) contain the major portion of the total clearance volume
(d) contain a smaller portion of the total clearance volume

163. Starting aids, such as glow plugs, are usually installed on __________.

o (a) large, direct drive diesel engines

o (b) diesel engines designed to burn residual fuels
o (c) medium-speed, four-stroke/cycle diesel engines
(d) small diesel engines with electric motor starters

164. The desirable properties of a marine fuel oil should include __________.

o (a) low heating value and high sulphur content

o (b) low flash point and high viscosity
o (c) high flash point and high viscosity
(d) high heating value and low sulphur content

165. With respect to diesel fuel, the ease with which a cold engine will start is dependent
upon the __________.

(a) ignition quality of the fuel

o (b) high heating value of the fuel
o (c) amount of carbon residue after combustion
o (d) internal flow resistance in the injectors

166. The ignition quality of diesel fuel becomes LESS critical as __________.

o (a) lube oil additives are increased

o (b) designed piston speeds are increased
o (c) designed injection pressures are decreased
(d) designed engine speeds are decreased

167. The cetane number rates fuels for diesel engines according to its __________.
 o (a) antiknock characteristics
(b) ignition qualities
o (c) rates of vaporization
o (d) viscosity

168. Which of the following statements is true concerning the cetane number of diesel fuel?

o (a) The cetane number affects the amount of injection lag.

o (b) The cetane number is an indication of the fuel's viscosity.
(c) Ignition lag is reduced with fuels having a high cetane number.
o (d) The cetane number is of little significance in the combustion process.

169. A mixture of 45% cetane and 55% alpha-methyl-naphthalene is found to have the
same ignition delay as a sample of diesel oil. The sample can be described as having a/an
__________.

o (a) cetane number of 55

(b) cetane number of 45
o (c) octane number of 55
o (d) octane number of 45

170. For optimum results, centrifugal purification of heavy fuel oil should be
accomplished with the fuel at the lowest practicable __________.

(a) throughput
o (b) additive percent
o (c) cetane number
o (d) TBN number

171. Which of the listed substances can be satisfactorily removed from diesel fuel by
centrifuging?

(a) Sludge
o (b) Gasoline
o (c) Fuel oil
o (d) Lube oil

172. Whether using a centrifuge or a simple filter, oil cleaning and filtration will be the
most effective when the oil is at a __________.

o (a) high temperature and a high viscosity

(b) high temperature and a low viscosity
o (c) low temperature and a high viscosity
o (d) low temperature and a low viscosity

173. How may water be removed from the bowl of the separator?

(a) The water may be removed through the water drain valve or through the sludge ports during
the sludge discharge cycle.
o (b) The separator is used to remove solids from the processed liquid, therefore the accumulation
of water does not present a problem.
o (c) When the unit is secured and the bowl stops rotating, the water is drained off the bottom of the
bowl through orifice ports.
o (d) Water may only be removed from the bowl when the unit is secured and the bowl hood is
removed.

175. Which of the following statements represents the working principle of the water
transducer used with the separator?

(a) The probe and sensor measure the dielectric constant through capacitive reactance of the
process fluid.
o (b) As the water content in the oil decreases, the dielectric constant increases.
 o (c) The capacitor completes part of the inductive circuit which monitors pressure changes.
o (d) All of the above are correct.

176. What is used as the primary operating medium during the sludge discharge cycle?

o (a) Light phase liquid

o (b) Heavy phase liquid
o (c) Hydraulic fluid
(d) Water

177. Where does the shoot cycle operating liquid first come in contact with the rotating
forces?

o (a) While traveling under disc stack

o (b) At the inlet cone
(c) In the opening chamber
o (d) At the inlet orifice

178. The replacement piping for diesel engine high pressure fuel systems must be the
same length and diameter as the original piping to __________.

o (a) avoid unnecessary parts inventory

o (b) keep torsional vibration constant
o (c) use existing supports and braces
(d) maintain specified injection characteristics

179. Which of the listed types of gasket material should be used on high pressure fuel oil
lines on a diesel engine?

o (a) Fiberglass
o (b) Sheet asbestos
o (c) Neoprene
(d) Soft copper

180. To minimize corrosion, fuel oil strainer disks, spacers and scraper blades are made
of __________.

o (a) brass
o (b) copper
o (c) iron
(d) monel metal or stainless steel

181. For a continuous operation diesel engine, a duplex filter unit would be the best
arrangement because __________.

(a) changing filter elements would not interrupt engine operation

o (b) filtering occurs twice in each pass of oil through the system
o (c) clogging will not occur
o (d) dropping pressure is half of that through a single filter unit

182. Cooling the intake air supplied to a diesel engine will __________.

o (a) reduce mean effective pressure

o (b) decrease average compression ratio
o (c) decrease air charge density
(d) increase peak power output

183. A large, low-speed, main propulsion diesel engine uses sea water to directly cool the
__________.

o (a) cylinder heads

o (b) exhaust valves
(c) scavenging air
 o (d) injectors

184. An increase in the air inlet manifold pressure of a diesel engine will result in a/an
__________.

o (a) decrease in maximum cylinder pressure

o (b) increase in ignition lag
(c) decrease in fuel consumption per horsepower-hour
o (d) decrease in exhaust manifold pressure

185. In a naturally aspirated diesel engine, the volume of air intake is directly associated
with engine __________.

o (a) compression ratio

(b) displacement
o (c) fuel pressure
o (d) cylinder clearance volume

186. What is the function of the after coolers installed in the diesel engine air intake
system?

o (a) Decrease the air density

o (b) Increase the exhaust temperature
o (c) Decrease the lube oil temperature
(d) Increase the air density

187. Which of the air intake systems listed will result in the lowest specific fuel
consumption?

o (a) Natural aspiration

(b) Turbocharged
o (c) Roots blower
o (d) Piston blower

188. Compared to a naturally aspirated diesel engine, a supercharged diesel engine has
__________.

(a) a cylinder air charge of higher pressure

o (b) reduced cylinder mean effective pressure
o (c) less valve overlap
o (d) reduced blow-by

189. A naturally aspirated diesel engine at full throttle will have an intake manifold
pressure __________.

(a) slightly less than atmospheric pressure

o (b) approximately equal to exhaust manifold pressure at all times
o (c) that is widely fluctuating
o (d) constantly decreasing as engine load increases

190. The power consumed during the scavenging process of a diesel engine is known as
the __________.

o (a) compression loss

o (b) valve loss
o (c) back pressure loss
(d) pumping loss

191. The exhaust system for a turbocharged diesel engine functions to __________.

o (a) power the after coolers

(b) power the turbocharger
o (c) reduce the cylinder scavenge effect
 o (d) cool the turbocharger

192. Exhaust pipes for separate main propulsion diesel engines can be combined only
when __________.

o (a) space limitations prevent separately run pipes

o (b) the engines are small auxiliary units
(c) they are arranged to prevent gas backflow to each engine
o (d) a waste heat boiler is installed

193. One of the factors limiting the amount of load which can be put on a modern marine
diesel engine is the __________.

o (a) governor sensitivity

(b) exhaust temperature
o (c) fuel injection pressure
o (d) speed of the cam shaft

194. In a diesel engine exhaust system, the cooling of the exhaust gases below their dew
point, will result in __________.

o (a) increased engine back pressure

(b) sulfuric acid corrosion
o (c) surface pitting of the turbocharger compressor blades
o (d) moisture impingement on the turbocharger compressor blading

195. The most common instrument used to measure diesel engine exhaust pressure is the __________.

o (a) pyrometer
o (b) bourdon gauge
o (c) pneumercator
(d) manometer

196. Which of the diesel engine exhaust mufflers listed is usually equipped with a spark
arrestor?

o (a) A wet-type exhaust muffler

o (b) A constant pressure muffler
(c) A dry-type exhaust muffler
o (d) A constant velocity muffler

197. A water jacket is placed around the exhaust manifolds of propulsion diesel engines to
__________.

(a) reduce heat radiation to the engine room

o (b) aid in preventing turbocharger overheating
o (c) condense and drain moisture from exhaust gases
o (d) dampen exhaust gas pulsations in the manifold

198. In a diesel engine closed freshwater cooling system employing a radiator, proper
water temperature can be obtained by __________.

o (a) passing cooling water through a space heater

o (b) passing cooling water through the lube oil cooler
o (c) piping exhaust gases across the radiator front
(d) adjusting the radiator louvers

199. A three-way thermostatic control valve regulates the diesel engine cooling water
temperature by passing a portion of the water __________.

(a) around the cooler

o (b) around the engine
o (c) overboard
 o (d) to the expansion tank

200. In a diesel engine jacket water cooler, with seawater cooling the fresh water, the
__________.
(a) jacket water pressure should always be greater than the sea water pressure
o (b) jacket water pressure must always be less than the sea water pressure
o (c) jacket water temperature must always be less than 60F
o (d) sea water temperature must never be warmer than 40F

201. Using a cooling water temperature of 225F (107.2C), instead of 180F (82.2C) in
an auxiliary diesel engine, will __________.

o (a) reduce the probability of scale formation in the jacket cooling passages
o (b) increase fuel consumption per horsepower hour
(c) reduce the opportunity for the formation of sulfuric acid in the cylinder bore exhaust passages
o (d) allow for smaller water passages within the engine

202. If the jacket water temperature rises rapidly above normal in a diesel engine, you
should FIRST __________.

o (a) clean sea water strainer

(b) reduce engine load
o (c) call the chief engineer
o (d) check thermostatic valve

203. Diesel engine jacket water is used in the fresh water distillation process as the
__________.
(a) means of heating the feed water
o (b) primary means of producing a vacuum within the distiller
o (c) coolant for the distillate
o (d) coolant for the brine cooler

204. What would be considered a normal temperature increase between the inlet and
outlet jacket cooling water of a medium or high-speed diesel engine operating at normal load?

o (a) 1 to 5F
o (b) 50 to 100F
(c) 10 to 20F
o (d) 5 to 10F

205. Which operating parameter may need to be decreased when running a large main
propulsion diesel engine at low load conditions?

(a) Cooling water flow through after coolers

o (b) Control air supply pressure
o (c) Lube oil temperature
o (d) Fuel injection pressure

206. As a general rule, what would be the recommended operating water jacket outlet
temperature range for medium speed marine diesels set up with closed treated fresh water cooling
systems and fitted with vented expansion tanks?

o (a) 105 to 120F

o (b) 135 to 150F
o (c) 195 to 215F
(d) 165 to 180F

207. The outlet from an expansion tank of a closed freshwater cooling system should be
piped to the __________.

o (a) cylinder jacket inlet main

o (b) heat exchanger inlet connection
 (c) jacket water pump suction line
o (d) cylinder head water outlet header

208. Fuel injectors used in heavy fuel oil systems are usually provided with cooling to
reduce __________.

o (a) cold corrosion of the nozzles

o (b) fuel viscosity for better atomization
(c) carbon accumulation on the nozzles
o (d) fuel detonation in the cylinders

209. Which of the following statements describes, what will occur to the volume of water
vapor as it is exposed to the lower temperatures?

o (a) The volume is increased as condensation occurs at the tube surfaces.

o (b) The volume will increase resulting in an increase of the distiller absolute pressure.
(c) The volume is greatly reduced, contributing to condensation within the condenser.
o (d) The latent heat of condensation is removed causing the volume to increase.

220. Which of the following statements describes the approximate relation between the
feed water entering the unit and brine being removed?

(a) Seventy-five percent of the feed water entering the unit is removed as brine.
o (b) The brine will be removed at a faster rate than feed water entering to prevent the possibility of
flooding.
o (c) Twenty-five percent of the feed water entering the device is removed as brine.
o (d) The amount of feed water entering the distiller is dependent upon the condition of device
while the amount of brine leaving is dependent.

211. Cooling water pumps driven by direct-reversing diesel engines are usually __________.

o (a) curved impeller vane with concentric outlet

o (b) straight impeller vane with tangential housing
o (c) curved impeller vane with tangential outlet
(d) straight impeller vane with concentric housing

212. The expansion tank for a diesel engine closed cooling system is designed to maintain
a constant head on the system and __________.

o (a) provide an air cushion

o (b) reduce water turbulence
(c) allow for an increase in water volume as the engine warms up
o (d) reduce water temperature

213. The temperature at which an adjustable bellows type thermostatic valve operates is
determined by __________.

o (a) varying air loading pressure to the bellows

(b) changing the spring compression opposing the bellows
o (c) changing the position of the actuating bulb
o (d) replacing the bellows with a heavier spring

214. After cooling of a turbocharged diesel engine will result in __________.

o (a) higher torque but lower brake horsepower

o (b) lower torque but higher brake horsepower
(c) higher torque and higher brake horsepower
o (d) lower torque and lower brake horsepower

215. The process of scavenging a two-stroke/cycle diesel engine serves to __________.

o (a) improve fuel flow volume

(b) cool the exhaust valves
 o (c) reduce the intake air charge density
o (d) increase the temperature of exhaust gases

216 When would the available energy of the exhaust gases of a two-stroke/cycle diesel
engine be insufficient to drive an exhaust gas turbocharger, resulting in the incorrect amount of air
for combustion?

o (a) During operation at low load and speed

o (b) During operation at rated speed, but low power output
o (c) During acceleration
(d) All of the above

217. The average exhaust temperature of a two-stroke/cycle diesel engine with a turbine-
driven supercharger is lower than a similar four-stroke/cycle diesel engine at equal loads because
__________.

o (a) two-stroke/cycle diesel engines have a higher M.E.P. than four-stroke/cycle diesel engines
o (b) four-stroke/cycle diesel engine exhaust is cooled by scavenging air
(c) two-stroke/cycle diesel engines have a lower M.E.P. than four-stroke/cycle diesel engines
o (d) the opening of the two-stroke/cycle diesel exhaust ports or valves occurs much later than in
four-stroke/cycle diesel engines

218. Why will a turbocharged diesel engine produce black smoke if excessive additional
load is applied too quickly?

o (a) Exhaust energy would draw excess air.

(b) The inertia of the turbocharger rotor causes a time lag which delays the turbocharger speed
increase.
o (c) Exhaust gas pumping losses are increased due to turbine windage.
o (d) Exhaust gas back pressure falls slightly due to increased nozzle action.

219. Clearance volume scavenging in a turbocharged, four-stroke/cycle diesel engine is

accomplished __________.

(a) during the valve overlap period

o (b) with only the exhaust valve open
o (c) at a pressure below atmospheric
o (d) without cooling the cylinders or pistons

220. In a turbocharger, inlet air velocity is increased in the __________.

o (a) inlet nozzle ring

o (b) stationary diffuser passages
o (c) compressor outlet volute
(d) rotating impeller vanes
221. Which of the following statements is correct regarding a turbocharged four-
stroke/cycle diesel generator?

o (a) At zero load the intake manifold pressure is greater than the exhaust manifold pressure.
o (b) At full load the intake manifold pressure and exhaust manifold pressure are equal.
o (c) At full load the intake manifold pressure is less than the exhaust manifold pressure.
(d) At full load the intake manifold pressure is greater than the exhaust manifold pressure.

222. Large, two-stroke/cycle, main propulsion, diesel engine cylinders can be successfully
pressure charged during normal operation, by using the __________.

o (a) exhaust gas temperature system

o (b) exhaust load system
(c) constant or pulse pressure system
o (d) constant volume system
223. Which of the turbo charging systems listed operates with the least average back
pressure in the exhaust manifold?

o (a) Constant volume

o (b) Constant pressure
(c) Pulse pressure
o (d) Radial flow

224. Which of the turbo charging methods listed directs the exhaust gases to the turbine
at fairly uniform velocity and pressure?

(a) Constant pressure

o (b) Pulse pressure
o (c) Constant velocity
o (d) Axial flow

225. In a Roots-type rotary blower, the volume of air delivered is directly proportional to
__________.
(a) engine speed
o (b) engine load
o (c) brake horsepower
o (d) brake specific fuel consumption

226. Which of the designs listed will keep the lobes from making contact in a Roots-type
blower?

o (a) Drive chain

(b) Blower timing gears
o (c) Air trapped between blower lobes
o (d) Oil filter between blower lobes

227. In a two cycle diesel engine, a Roots type blower is usually __________.

(a) gear driven by the engine

o (b) driven by an exhaust gas turbine
o (c) actuated by the intake valves
o (d) driven by separate motor

228. The power consumed during the scavenging process of a diesel engine is known as
the __________.

o (a) compression loss

o (b) valve loss
o (c) back pressure loss
(d) pumping loss

229. During the valve overlap period, the exhaust pressure of a turbocharged, four-
stroke/cycle diesel engine must be less than the intake manifold pressure to ensure __________.

(a) effective cylinder scavenging and cooling

o (b) constant pressure from the turbochargers
o (c) cooler operation of the exhaust system
o (d) effective constant pressure for turbocharger operation

230. A loop or cross scavenged engine utilizes the motion of its pistons and a
turbocharger to provide scavenging air. Which of the listed mechanical designs prevents the air
under the pistons from being pumped back through the scavenge ports during the piston power
stroke?

(a) Length of the piston skirt

o (b) Masked intake ports
o (c) Lower liner seals
 o (d) Positive pressure from the blower

231. The device used to limit engine torque at various engine speeds is called a
__________.

o (a) speed limiting governor

o (b) variable speed governor
o (c) constant speed governor
(d) load limiting governor

232. Sensitivity for a diesel engine governor is described as the __________.

o (a) governor's speed droop response to variations in engine load

o (b) ability to maintain desired engine speed without speed fluctuation
(c) percent of speed change necessary for corrective action by the fuel control
o (d) ability to maintain constant speed regardless of engine load

233. The principal characteristic of an isochronous governor is it will __________.

o (a) slow the machine down as the load is increased

o (b) shut down the engine if it over speeds
o (c) display excessive speed droop
(d) maintain a constant speed with variations of load

234. Diesel engine control can be obtained by the bridge __________.

o (a) at any time

(b) only after the engine room control station is switched to 'bridge control'
o (c) whenever the secondary station is switched to 'bridge control'
o (d) with the approval of the chief engineer only

235. Diesel engines driving alternators operating in parallel must maintain a set
frequency regardless of load changes. The governor characteristic used to accomplish this is known
as __________.

o (a) actuation
o (b) sensitivity
(c) compensation
o (d) promptness

236. Direct reversible main propulsion diesel engines would normally be fitted with a/an
__________.

o (a) constant speed governor

(b) variable speed governor
o (c) isochronous hunting governor
o (d) nutating disk governor

237. The direct acting mechanical governor used with some small diesel engines, controls
fuel flow to the engine by __________.

o (a) governor flyweight action on a pilot valve which controls fuel injection
(b) governor flyweight motion acting on fuel controls through suitable linkage
o (c) positioning a butterfly valve in the fuel delivery system
o (d) positioning a servomotor piston attached to the fuel controls

238. In a simple hydraulic governor with speed droop, oil under pressure is maintained
ready for use in the __________.

o (a) power piston

o (b) governor sump
(c) spring-loaded piston accumulator
o (d) pressure pilot valve assembly
239. The purpose of the compensating adjustment used in a diesel engine hydraulic
governor is to __________.

o (a) compensate for low oil level

o (b) increase governor promptness
(c) prevent governor hunting
o (d) limit engine load

240. An auxiliary diesel generator continues to run after you try to shut down. Your next
course of action should be to _________.

(a) block the flow of air supply to the engine

o (b) engage the jacking gear
o (c) secure the lube oil pump
o (d) decrease control air pressure

241. What is the best way of stopping an over speeding diesel engine?

o (a) Disconnect the battery cables from the starting motor.

o (b) Drain the hydraulic fluid from the governor sump.
o (c) Block the flow of cooling air to the radiator.
(d) Secure the fuel supply and block the air intake

242. Which of the listed conditions will result in the failure of an auxiliary diesel engine to
shut down?

o (a) Supplying high temperature inlet air.

o (b) Maintaining a high exhaust back pressure.
(c) Lube oil entering in the air intake manifold.
o (d) Carbon buildup on the over speed pawl.

243. Sacrificial zinc anodes are used on the saltwater side of diesel engine heat
exchangers to __________.

(a) reduce electrolytic action on heat exchanger metals

o (b) provide a protective coating on heat exchanger surfaces
o (c) keep heat transfer surfaces shiny and clean
o (d) prevent rapid accumulation of marine growth

244. Which of the listed effects would mixtures of ethylene glycol and phosphate
compounds have on the metal surfaces of the cooling system of a diesel engine?

(a) Protects metallic surfaces from corrosion and the coolant from freezing
o (b) Tends to increase corrosion
o (c) Increases the rate of heat transfer
o (d) Retards the flow of cooling water

245. Ethylene glycol, when used as a coolant in a closed cooling system for a diesel
engine, is more advantageous than untreated raw water because it __________.

(a) has a lower freezing point and higher boiling point

o (b) provides a constant pH below 7
o (c) provides better vapor-phase cooling
o (d) has a higher freezing point and a lower boiling point

246. If the coolant temperature is too low as it passes through internally cooled fuel
injectors, the injectors can be damaged by __________.

o (a) water condensation in the fuel

(b) corrosion of the nozzle tip
o (c) decrease in fuel oil viscosity
o (d) inadequate lubrication of the needle valve
247. A diesel generator governor is hunting. After changing the oil, the governor is
flushed and the compensation needle valve is adjusted, but the hunting persists. You should NOW
__________.

o (a) check air intake manifold pressure

o (b) calibrate the fuel pump rack settings
o (c) set the speed droop adjustment to zero
(d) carefully check for binding in the governor linkage

248. The most common contaminate of governor hydraulic fluid is __________.

o (a) moisture
(b) dirt
o (c) acid
o (d) air

249. If a hydraulic governor has been refilled with oil, the engine should be operated until
it reaches normal temperature, then the air should be purged, and the __________.

o (a) rack position should be adjusted

o (b) compensating needle valve should be opened fully
(c) compensating needle valve should be adjusted to stabilize operation
o (d) speed limiting device should be adjusted

250. Adjustments to the compensating needle valve in a hydraulic governor should be

made with the engine at __________.

o (a) maximum power at a normal load

o (b) maximum power and load under normal conditions
o (c) half speed and normal temperature
(d) normal operating temperature without a load

251. Because of the close tolerances used in diesel engine fuel oil pumps, a worn plunger
requires __________.

o (a) grinding the spare plunger to the barrel

(b) replacing the plunger and the barrel
o (c) highly polishing both the plunger and barrel
o (d) replacing plunger only

252. When a nozzle tester is being used to test a "closed" type fuel injection nozzle, a
clogged nozzle orifice will be indicated by a __________.

(a) distorted spray pattern

o (b) chattering sound when the nozzle closes
o (c) squealing sound midway in the pump stroke
o (d) popping sound when the nozzle opens

253. Which of the fuel nozzles listed requires the LEAST maintenance?

(a) Pintle
o (b) Single hole
o (c) Multi-hole
o (d) Open

254. When running a large, dual fuel, main propulsion diesel engine on heavy fuel, which
of the following precautions should be observed when switching from heavy fuel oil to diesel oil?

(a) The temperature of the fuel from the preheater should be gradually reduced after switching
over the three-way valve.
o (b) The diesel oil must never be allowed to mix with the heavy fuel.
o (c) The heating steam to the preheater should be increased as soon as the diesel fuel passes
through the three-way valve.
 o (d) The heating steam must be secured before the diesel oil passes through the three-way valve.

255. Air is normally bled from a diesel engine fuel system by __________.

o (a) blowing down the air tanks

(b) loosening the compression nuts at the injectors
o (c) changing fuel filters
o (d) pumping down the day tanks

256. The spray holes in diesel engine fuel valves should be cleaned using carbon solvent and __________.

o (a) diesel fuel

(b) a special cleaning wire
o (c) a copper wire brush
o (d) a shaved wooden dowel

257. The insertion of shims between the foot of a marine type connecting rod and a
bearing box would result in __________.

(a) increased compression ratio

o (b) decreased compression ratio
o (c) increased bearing clearance
o (d) decreased bearing clearance

258. After a long period of operation, a wear ridge, caused by piston ring action, will
develop near the top of the cylinder liner. This ridge must be removed during maintenance in order
to prevent __________.

o (a) excessive ring wear during the seating period

o (b) excessive lubrication of the top ring
o (c) improper coating of lubrication on the cylinder wall
(d) breaking of the rings, ring lands, or both during piston removal

259. When a piston is removed from a diesel engine for maintenance, the piston should
be examined for __________.

o (a) cracks and burned spots

o (b) scoring
o (c) gummy deposits and sticking rings
(d) all of the above

260. Excessive side clearance between a piston ring and its groove will cause the ring to
__________.

o (a) expand excessively under operating temperatures

o (b) scuff the cylinder liner excessively
o (c) hammer the piston land above the ring
(d) hammer the piston land below the ring

261. If the compression rings on a diesel engine piston become stuck in the ring groove,
the cause may be due to __________.

o (a) excessive ring action

(b) excessive ring temperature
o (c) improper ring rotation
o (d) excessive ring face wear

262. Before any auxiliary diesel engine hydraulic starting system is opened for servicing or
repair, you must __________.

o (a) place all control levers in the 'HOLD' position

o (b) ensure that the hydraulic fluid reservoir is full
o (c) block all hydraulic hoses using high pressure covers
 (d) bleed off all hydraulic pressure from the system

263. The service life of a worn aluminum piston for an auxiliary diesel, for which no spares
are readily available, can be extended by __________.

o (a) turning down the piston skirt to concentric values

(b) knurling the piston skirt surface
o (c) building up the piston skirt with a liquid epoxy material and then remachining
o (d) increasing the dimensions of the ring land grooves

264. In an auxiliary diesel engine, one reason for knurling the piston skirt is to __________.

(a) improve skirt lubrication

o (b) allow for heat expansion
o (c) transmit forces evenly
o (d) improve the piston seal

265. Decreasing the exhaust valve clearance of a diesel engine will cause the exhaust
valve to open __________.

o (a) earlier and have less lift

(b) earlier and remain open longer
o (c) later and have greater lift
o (d) later and have less duration

266. Diesel engine exhaust gas temperatures can be used to determine individual cylinder
__________.

(a) performance
o (b) horsepower output
o (c) fuel consumption
o (d) scavenge effect

267. If sludge accumulates on the underside of a diesel engine piston, it will __________.

o (a) cause blow-by

o (b) chemically attack the piston skirt
o (c) form an emulsion of lube oil and water
(d) raise the piston temperature

268. Before being shut down, a diesel engine should idle a few minutes in order to __________.

o (a) prevent governor surging at shutdown

o (b) make sure the fuel nozzles are flushed clean
o (c) prevent pressure buildup in the fuel lines
(d) prevent damage from localized overheating

269. If the relief valve on a diesel engine cylinder lifts, the cause could be due to__________.

(a) liquid in the cylinder

o (b) low compression in the cylinder
o (c) high exhaust temperature
o (d) poor fuel penetration

270. White smoke issuing from the exhaust of an auxiliary diesel engine could mean __________.

o (a) the engine is overloaded

(b) the engine is cold
o (c) there is too much lube oil in the cylinders
o (d) the turbocharger is fouled

271. A diesel engine experiences a sudden loss in speed, accompanied by black

 exhaust smoke, with the fuel rack at maximum, and the speed remaining below normal. The
probable cause is __________.

(a) engine overload

o (b) leaky valves
o (c) stuck or broken piston rings
o (d) low air injection pressure

272. When running a large, dual fuel, main propulsion diesel engine on heavy fuel, which
of the following precautions should be observed when switching from heavy fuel oil to diesel oil?

o (a) The diesel oil must never be allowed to mix with the heavy fuel.
(b) The temperature of the fuel from the preheater should be gradually reduced after switching
over the three-way valve.
o (c) The heating steam to the preheater should be increased as soon as the diesel fuel passes
through the three-way valve.
o (d) The heating steam must be secured before the diesel oil passes through the three-way valve.

273. When restarting a heavy fuel diesel engine that has been stopped for some time, the engineer
should __________.

o (a) increase the starting air pressure

o (b) use a higher than normal cranking speed
o (c) increase the fuel injection pressure
(d) use a fuel having a lower ignition temperature

274. One cause of diesel engine fuel ignition delay is __________.

o (a) mechanical flexibility in the pump mechanism

o (b) low fuel booster pump pressure
o (c) high fuel rack setting
(d) ignition quality of the fuel oil

275. When a fuel injection nozzle overheats, which of the problems listed can be
expected?

(a) The fuel metering will vary.

o (b) The fuel will explode.
o (c) The cylinder head will crack.
o (d) The engine will stop.

276. High cylinder firing pressure, accompanied by low exhaust temperature, can result
from __________.

o (a) improper fuel rack positioning

o (b) lengthy exhaust valve duration
o (c) extended operation at light load
(d) excessively early injection timing

277. In the common rail system, excessive pressure in the header may be caused by
__________.

(a) improper adjustment of the bypass valve

o (b) a dribble in the fuel injection nozzle
o (c) insufficient leak off through injection nozzle packing
o (d) a malfunctioning injection nozzle

278. Surface irregularities, such as erosion and pitting on injection pump plungers, will __________.

o (a) increase ignition delay

(b) affect fuel oil metering
o (c) affect engine performance at low speed only
o (d) disappear due to fuel oil abrasion
279. For a diesel engine, approximately how long can an electric starter motor be
operated continuously before damage may begin to occur due to overheating?

o (a) Overheating the motor cannot occur.

o (b) Not more than 90 seconds
(c) Not more than 30 seconds
o (d) Not more than 60 seconds

280. On a diesel engine with direct-cylinder admission air starting, a leaking air starting
valve would be indicated by __________.

(a) an overheated starting air supply pipe

o (b) excessive smoke from the engine exhaust
o (c) carbon deposit on the exhaust valves
o (d) early fuel ignition

281. Which of the following conditions is most likely to occur if the electric starter motor
pinion gear fails to disengage from the flywheel of a diesel engine after the engine has started?

o (a) Engine will stop

(b) Starting motor will dangerously over speed
o (c) Flywheel will be damaged
o (d) Combustion gases will enter the air starting system

282. When starting air is admitted, a diesel engine turns over very slowly without firing.
The cause may be __________.

o (a) an obstruction in an engine cylinder

o (b) water accumulation in some engine cylinders
(c) low starting air pressure
o (d) low scavenge air pressure

283. When an additional load is applied to a diesel engine which is using an inadequately
inflated air bladder clutch unit, you can expect __________.

o (a) pneumatic seizure

(b) overheating because of slipping shoes
o (c) chipped reduction gear teeth
o (d) excessive wear on the thrust bearings

284. Misalignment of the drive shaft and propeller shaft flanges can be detected by using
a dial indicator or __________.

o (a) inside micrometer

(b) feeler gage
o (c) adjustable trammel
o (d) sighting device

285. What could cause the bypass valve in a full-flow lubrication system to open?

(a) Clogged filter element

o (b) Bypass valve setting is too high
o (c) Check valve stuck open
o (d) Fuel dilution of the lubricant

286. Lube oil in the fresh water cooling system of a diesel engine may result from a
__________.

o (a) camshaft seizure

o (b) lube oil pump failure
(c) lube oil cooler failure
o (d) lube oil sump overflow
287. Which of the following effects will excessively cold lube oil have on the operation of a
diesel engine?

(a) The engine will crank slowly and may fail to start.
o (b) The engine will over speed when started.
o (c) The fuel oil supply will become diluted resulting in rough running.
o (d) The cooling system will overheat causing the engine to stall.

288. A four-stroke cycle main propulsion diesel engine fails to start at normal cranking
speed with normal fuel pressure and ambient temperature. The reason for the failure could be
__________.

o (a) glazed liners or pistons

o (b) high lube oil pressure
o (c) excessive compression ratio
(d) excessive air leakage by rings and valves

289. Clogged or partially obstructed exhaust ports on a diesel engine can cause __________.

o (a) over speeding of the engine

o (b) failure of the engine to shut down
o (c) no effect of engine performance
(d) high exhaust temperatures

290. A diesel engine may be hard to start if the __________.

(a) air intake is restricted

o (b) engine is cranked too fast
o (c) vibration dampener is faulty
o (d) exhaust back pressure is low

291. Combustion gas venting through the expansion tank can be caused by a __________.

o (a) leaking oil cooler

(b) cracked cylinder head
o (c) worn piston ring
o (d) leaking exhaust valve

292. Some diesel engines are fitted with a thermometer in the cooling water outlet from
each cylinder. If the cooling water temperature from all cylinders begins to rise above normal, you
should suspect __________.

o (a) insufficient fuel delivery to all cylinders

o (b) increased blow-by in all cylinders
o (c) incomplete combustion in all cylinders
(d) overloading in all cylinders

293. A diesel engine cylinder head can crack as a result of __________.

o (a) a leaking oil control ring

o (b) heat transfer from exhaust valves
o (c) overheated intake valves
(d) restricted cooling passages

294. Antifreeze solutions containing ethylene glycol, should not be mixed with corrosion
protection oils, as the resultant mixture __________.

o (a) is dangerously flammable

o (b) has a higher chloride content
(c) may cause frothing
o (d) promotes scale buildup
295. Oil accumulating in the exhaust piping or manifold of a diesel engine can be caused
by __________.

o (a) collapsed hydraulic valve lifters

(b) worn valve guides
o (c) excessive crankcase vacuum
o (d) excessive lube oil pressure

296. If there is a 'clicking' sound in the valve compartment of a diesel engine, the cause
may be __________.

o (a) a worn wrist pin

(b) excessive valve lash
o (c) worn connecting rod bearings
o (d) all of the above

297. If an auxiliary diesel engine equipped with an electric starting system cranks very
slowly after repeated attempts to start, the cause could be a/an __________.

o (a) low lube oil viscosity

o (b) low compression pressure
o (c) ring gear with broken teeth
(d) overheated motor windings

298. A diesel engine may fail to start when being cranked, due to __________.

o (a) high cetane number

(b) insufficient compression
o (c) low lube oil viscosity
o (d) high lube oil pressure

299. High exhaust temperature and black smoke exhausting from an auxiliary diesel
engine can be caused by __________.

(a) engine overload

o (b) low combustion temperature
o (c) plugged fuel nozzle holes
o (d) excessive compression pressure

300. Crank web deflection readings will give a positive indication of __________.

(a) worn main bearing journals

o (b) crankpin misalignment
o (c) slack thrust bearings
o (d) bearing shells shim dimensions
.

301. Prior to starting, the purpose of turning over a main propulsion diesel engine with
the cylinder test cocks open, is to __________.

o (a) test the starting system

(b) remove condensation and other liquids from the cylinders
o (c) check the compression
o (d) check for proper lube oil pressure

302. Excessive vibration from an auxiliary boiler could be caused by __________.

o (a) combustion pulses

o (b) insufficient air to the burner
o (c) loose hold-down bolts
(d) all of the above
303. High stack temperature occurring in an auxiliary boiler could be a result of __________.

o (a) insufficient air for combustion

o (b) complete combustion in the furnace
(c) secondary combustion in the uptake
o (d) high fuel oil temperature

304. Which of the following conditions could cause the feed pump for an auxiliary boiler
to lose suction?

o (a) Increased suction head pressure

o (b) Decreased feed water temperature
o (c) Pump recirculating line being open too much
(d) Excessive feed water temperature

305. If the operating speed of a diesel engine increases without an apparent change in
the engine control settings, you may suspect a __________.

o (a) clogged intake air intercooler

o (b) control air leak
o (c) leaking air starting valve
(d) malfunctioning governor

306. Governor hunting is caused by __________.

o (a) governor under-control

o (b) excessive speed droop
o (c) insufficient speed droop
(d) governor over-control

307. The hunting of a diesel engine may be caused by __________.

o (a) excessive speed droop

o (b) insufficient speed droop
o (c) excessive sensitivity
(d) low governor power

308. If the speeder spring of a main propulsion diesel engine governor breaks while
operating at full load, the engine RPM will __________.

o (a) increase until the over speed trip actuated

o (b) hunt until stabilized by the droop rod
(c) decrease to a slightly lower value
o (d) remain the same until manually changed

309. A diesel engine operates erratically, over speeds, and fails to restart when cranked
at normal speed. Which of the following problems is the most likely cause for the engine failing to
restart?

o (a) Improper governor operation due to excess oil pressure

o (b) Damage to the governor due to excessive speed
(c) Failure to reset the over speed trip
o (d) Failure to reposition the fuel rack

310. The governor utilized with the device has become inoperative while the vessel is underway at sea.
Which of the following statements describes what action should be taken?

o (a) It is necessary to disconnect the shuttle valve from the throttle lever horizontal bar, in order to
effectively jump out the pneumatic engine enable control circuit.
o (b) The governor should be replaced with one that has been proven to be useful in isochronous
applications.
(c) The engine speed can be controlled using the fuel control lever without changing the position
 of the maximum fuel stop.
o (d) The linkage to the shut down servomotor and the governor output shaft must be disconnected
in order to operate the engine via the fuel control lever.

311. The power output of a turbocharged diesel engine will drop if the cooling water flow
through the after cooler is interrupted because the __________.

o (a) turbocharger stalls

o (b) exhaust pressure increases
(c) air charge density decreases
o (d) scavenge effect increases

312. Corrosion and grooving on the blading of an exhaust driven turbocharger is caused
by certain components of residual fuel oils. These components are vanadium, sodium, and
__________.

o (a) copper
o (b) carbon
o (c) hydrogen
(d) sulfur

313. Excessive mechanical and pulsating vibrations developed in a main propulsion

diesel engine may be more likely to cause damage to an attached __________.

o (a) scavenged air pump because it is designed for steady state operation rather than pulsating
gas load
o (b) reciprocating scavenge pump because of its direct linkage to the crankshaft
o (c) centrifugal cooling water pump because of the close tolerances required between the impeller
rim and the volute
(d) gas driven turbocharger because it has a wide speed range, high operating temperatures and
close tolerances.

314. Before any work is done on a burner in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler, you
should always __________.

o (a) block all control valves

o (b) allow the boiler to cool completely
o (c) lock all safety interlock switches closed
(d) close all manually operated fuel valves

315. Before any work is to be carried out on a burner in an automatically fired auxiliary
boiler, you should always __________.

o (a) block all control system relays closed

o (b) allow the boiler to cool completely
(c) close all manually operated fuel valves
o (d) lock all safety interlock switches closed

316. The starter control valve in the hydraulic system is malfunctioning. Before removing the valve, you must first
__________.

o (a) drain the reservoir

(b) bleed off all accumulator pressure
o (c) remove all plugs from the system
o (d) ensure that the accumulator piston is in the charged position

317. Which of the listed items should be secured before performing any maintenance on a
solenoid operated air start valve?

(a) Electric power and starting air

o (b) Lube oil standby pump and control air
o (c) Hydraulic switch and engage jacking gear
o (d) Motor drain and pneumatic control system power
318. When a nozzle tester is used to check the spray pattern of a diesel fuel injection
nozzle, which of the following statements is true?

o (a) The valve should normally begin to open at 1/2 the popping pressure
o (b) The needle valve spring should always be removed first before testing
o (c) The needle valve should remain open after the nozzle pops open
(d) A serious hazard of blood poisoning exists if the fuel spray penetrates the skin of the operator

319. The principal hazard to personnel when using a diesel engine fuel nozzle tester is
_______.

o (a) electrical shock

o (b) toxic fumes
o (c) explosion
(d) blood poisoning

320. An immediate repair is required if a leak occurs in the high pressure fuel piping
between the injection pump and fuel nozzle because of the __________.

o (a) high cost of fuel

(b) serious fire hazard
o (c) pollution hazard
o (d) poor combustion which will occur in that cylinder

321. Which of the following precautions should be taken when cleaning the air filter on a
diesel engine equipped with a turbocharger?

o (a) Reduce engine speed to idle before removing the filter.

o (b) Soak the dirty filter in kerosene only.
o (c) Blow out the air inlet with compressed air.
(d) With the engine stopped, cover the air inlet after removing the filter.

322. Following the failure of one turbocharger on a large, crosshead, main propulsion
diesel engine, fitted with multiple turbochargers, which of the following actions should be taken prior to
further operation of the engine?

o (a) Blank off the exhaust gas inlet to the damaged turbocharger.
o (b) Secure cooling and lubrication to the damaged turbocharger.
o (c) Lock the rotor of the damaged turbocharger.
(d) All of the above.

323. The process of supplying a diesel engine cylinder with air at a pressure greater than
atmospheric is called __________.

o (a) engine displacement

o (b) super-aspirating
o (c) air injection
(d) supercharging

324. Forcing the exhaust gases from the cylinder of an operating two cycle diesel engine with
the aid of a blower is known as __________.

(a) scavenging
o (b) forced draft
o (c) turbo charging
o (d) aspiration

325. Which of the listed types of superchargers will NOT have a volumetric capacity
proportional to engine speed?
 (a) Exhaust gas turbocharger
o (b) Roots blower
o (c) Piston type blower
o (d) Vane type blower

326. The relative air pressure in the inlet manifold of a turbocharged diesel engine is usually
__________.

(a) greater than the average exhaust manifold pressure

o (b) less than the average exhaust manifold pressure
o (c) greater at the turbine wheel than at the impeller
o (d) greater at reduced engine speed

327. After cooling of a turbocharged diesel engine will result in __________.

o (a) higher torque but lower brake horsepower

o (b) lower torque but higher brake horsepower
(c) higher torque and higher brake horsepower
(d) lower torque and lower brake horsepower

328. The process of scavenging a two-stroke/cycle diesel engine serves to __________.

o (a) improve fuel flow volume

(b) cool the exhaust valves
o (c) reduce the intake air charge density
o (d) increase the temperature of exhaust gases

329. Why will a turbocharged diesel engine produce black smoke if excessive additional load
is applied too quickly?

o (a) Exhaust energy would draw excess air.

(b) The inertia of the turbocharger rotor causes a time lag which delays the turbocharger speed
increase.
o (c) Exhaust gas pumping losses are increased due to turbine windage.
o (d) Exhaust gas back pressure falls slightly due to increased nozzle action.

330. Which of the following devices will increase the power output of a diesel engine without
increasing its frictional load?

o (a) Positive displacement blower

o (b) Roots-type rotary blower
o (c) Gear-driven centrifugal blower
(d) Turbine-driven centrifugal blower

331. Some diesel engines are supercharged with a __________.

o (a) slam charger

(b) turbocharger
o (c) fuel atomizer
o (d) fuel injector

332. At rated engine load and RPM, the diesel engine turbocharger is powered by
__________.

o (a) belt drive

(b) exhaust gases
o (c) electric motor
o (d) friction clutch

333. The operating speed of a turbocharger is directly dependent upon __________.

o (a) engine speed

(b) engine load
 o (c) intake manifold pressure
o (d) atmospheric pressure

334. What statement is true concerning the charge air system of a modern turbocharged slow-
speed two-stroke cycle diesel engine?

o (a) A mechanically driven auxiliary blower is usually provided because the turbocharger cannot
provide enough air at low engine speeds and loads.
(b) An electrically driven auxiliary blower is usually provided because the turbocharger cannot
provide enough air at low engine speeds and loads.
o (c) An electrically driven auxiliary blower is usually provided because the turbocharger cannot
provide enough air at high engine speeds and loads.
o (d) A mechanically driven auxiliary blower is usually provided because the turbocharger cannot
provide enough air at high engine speeds and loads.

335. What statement is true concerning the charge air system of a modern turbocharged slow-
speed two-stroke cycle diesel engine?

(a) A charge air cooler is usually provided to increase the charge air density.
o (b) A charge air heater is usually provided to decrease the charge air density.
o (c) A charge air heater is usually provided to increase the charge air density.
o (d) A charge air cooler is usually provided to decrease the charge air density.

336. On a typical turbo-charged marine diesel engine, what type of blower/compressor is used
within the turbocharger?

o (a) Rotary vane

o (b) Rotary screw
(c) Centrifugal
o (d) Axial flow

337. During the valve overlap period, the exhaust pressure of a turbocharged, four-
stroke/cycle diesel engine must be less than the intake manifold pressure to ensure __________.

(a) effective cylinder scavenging and cooling

o (b) constant pressure from the turbochargers
o (c) cooler operation of the exhaust system
o (d) effective constant pressure for turbocharger operation

338. The power consumed during the scavenging process of a diesel engine is known as the
__________.

o (a) compression loss

o (b) valve loss
o (c) back pressure loss
(d) pumping loss

339. Corrosion inhibitors and/or soluble oils are added to diesel engine cooling systems to
__________.

o (a) reduce the cooling water temperature

o (b) increase cooling water hardness
(c) form a protective film on metal surfaces
o (d) maintain low pH in the cooling water

340. Ethylene glycol, when used as a coolant in a closed cooling system for a diesel engine, is
more advantageous than untreated raw water because it __________.

o (a) has a higher freezing point and a lower boiling point

(b) has a lower freezing point and higher boiling point
o (c) provides a constant pH below 7
o (d) provides better vapor-phase cooling
341. The expansion tank for a diesel engine closed cooling system is designed to maintain a
constant head on the system and __________.

o (a) reduce water temperature

(b) allow for an increase in water volume as the engine warms up
o (c) reduce water turbulence
o (d) provide an air cushion

342. The highest pressure in any closed diesel engine freshwater cooling system is at the
__________.

o (a) jacket water outlet

o (b) expansion tank inlet
(c) cooling water pump outlet
o (d) heat exchanger inlet

343. The expansion tank in a diesel engine closed freshwater cooling system is located at
__________.

o (a) the lowest point in the system

o (b) or near the tank top level
(c) the highest point in the system
o (d) or near the floor plate level

344. A closed freshwater cooling system is commonly used with marine diesel engines
because the __________.

o (a) cooling water temperature differential is greater

o (b) cooling water pumps are directly reversible
(c) jacket water temperature is more easily controlled
o (d) need for water treatment is eliminated

345. Cooling water pumps driven by direct-reversing diesel engines are usually __________.

o (a) curved impeller vane with tangential outlet

o (b) straight impeller vane with tangential housing
(c) straight impeller vane with concentric housing
o (d) curved impeller vane with concentric outlet

346. Sacrificial zinc anodes are used on the saltwater side of diesel engine heat exchangers to
__________.

o (a) keep heat transfer surfaces shiny and clean

(b) reduce electrolytic action on heat exchanger metals
o (c) prevent rapid accumulation of marine growth
o (d) provide a protective coating on heat exchanger surfaces

347. When checking zincs in a saltwater cooled heat exchanger, you should __________.

(a) replace the zincs if they are approximately 50% consumed

o (b) paint the zincs to stop corrosion
o (c) file the zincs to change the shape
o (d) insulate the zincs to alter the temperature

348. In a diesel engine jacket water cooler, with seawater cooling the fresh water, the
__________.

(a) jacket water pressure should always be greater than the sea water pressure
o (b) jacket water pressure must always be less than the sea water pressure
o (c) jacket water temperature must always be less than 60F
o (d) sea water temperature must never be warmer than 40F
349. A three-way thermostatic control valve regulates the diesel engine cooling water
temperature by passing a portion of the water __________.

o (a) overboard
(b) around the cooler
o (c) to the expansion tank
o (d) around the engine

350. What would be considered a normal temperature increase between the inlet and outlet
jacket cooling water of a medium or high-speed diesel engine operating at normal load?

(a) 10 to 20F
o (b) 1 to 5F
o (c) 5 to 10F
o (d) 50 to 100F

351. An electric heater built into some smaller diesel engines is used to __________.

o (a) increase air inlet temperature

(b) increase jacket water temperature for easier starting in cold weather
o (c) increase compression ratio
o (d) raise lube oil viscosity for easier starting in cold weather

352. In a diesel engine closed freshwater cooling system employing a radiator, proper water
temperature can be obtained by __________.

o (a) passing cooling water through a space heater

o (b) passing cooling water through the lube oil cooler
o (c) piping exhaust gases across the radiator front
(d) adjusting the radiator louvers

353. The temperature at which an adjustable bellows type thermostatic valve operates is
determined by __________.

o (a) changing the position of the actuating bulb

o (b) varying air loading pressure to the bellows
o (c) replacing the bellows with a heavier spring
(d) changing the spring compression opposing the bellows

354. The theoretical minimum compression ratio necessary to ensure compression ignition in
a direct injection diesel engine is __________.

o (a) 18:1
o (b) 10:1
(c) 12:1
o (d) 8:1

355. Which of the following reasons represents why the designed compression ratio of a
gasoline engine is lower than that of a diesel engine?

o (a) Compression must be low for smooth operation.

(b) The heat of compression is not used as an ignition source of the fuel.
o (c) Compression must be low to have effective preignition.
o (d) Compression must be low for effective spark ignition.

356. In the starting process of a diesel engine, the main object is to attain the compression
conditions sufficient to __________.

o (a) turn the flywheel

(b) ignite the fuel
o (c) reduce friction
o (d) overcome inertia
357. The thermal energy produced by an internal combustion engine is transformed into __________.

(a) mechanical energy

o (b) external energy
o (c) internal energy
o (d) combustion energy

358. Diesel engines are classified as reciprocating internal combustion engines because they
__________.

o (a) burn fuel in a combustion chamber that moves back and forth
o (b) use a continuous combustion process to impart rotary motion to the Pistons
(c) burn fuel in a closed chamber which imparts linear motion to Pistons
o (d) use energy from fuel burned outside their cylinders

359. The highest pressure in a diesel engine cylinder normally occurs __________.

o (a) at TDC
o (b) before TDC
(c) after TDC
o (d) during air starting

360. The load is always placed on the lower half of the main bearings in a/an __________.

(a) two-stroke/cycle engine

o (b) four-stroke/cycle engine
o (c) reverse cycle engine
o (d) double acting engine

361. Which of the terms listed below represents the operational speed at which excessive
engine vibration is created?

o (a) Non-harmonic speed.

(b) Critical speed.
o (c) Maximum speed.
o (d) Design maximum speed.

362. The cubic inch (or liter) displacement of a cylinder is determined by the diameter of the
piston and the __________.

o (a) length of the crankshaft

o (b) volume of the clearance space
o (c) weight of the piston
(d) length of the stroke

363. If the compression ratio is increased on any diesel engine, __________.

o (a) the expansion ratio will decrease

o (b) combustion will be slowed down
o (c) thermal efficiency will decrease
(d) thermal efficiency will increase

364. Which of the following is an example of a solid bearing?

o (a) Turbo-generator turbine bearing

o (b) Thrust bearing
(c) Piston pin bushing
o (d) Spring bearing
365. The proper location for journal bearing oil grooves is __________.

o (a) halfway between bottom and where shells meet

o (b) at the bottom of the bearing
(c) as a side relief where the two shells meet
o (d) in the region of the load bearing surface

366. Which of the bearings listed below is most widely used for the main and
connecting rod
bearings of a modern high-speed diesel engine?

o (a) Poured Babbitt, self-aligning

(b) Precision insert
o (c) Steel-lined
o (d) Split roller

367. The linear motion of a diesel engine piston is converted into the rotary motion
required to
drive gears, propeller shafts, and generators by the __________.

o (a) journal bearings

o (b) camshaft
(c) crankshaft
o (d) flywheel

368. Connecting rods in a diesel engine are used to connect the __________.

o (a) crankshaft to the gear train

o (b) rocker arm to the camshaft
o (c) engine to the bed
(d) piston to the crankshaft

369. Before starting a diesel engine, you should always __________.

o (a) clean the air filter

(b) check the crankcase oil level
o (c) change the fuel oil strainers
o (d) check the pyrometer readings

370. Which of the listed diesel engine operating conditions should be checked
immediately
after any diesel engine is started?

(a) Lube oil pressure

o (b) Exhaust temperature
o (c) Lube oil level
o (d) Water level in the expansion tank
371. Before starting a diesel engine that has an engine driven lube oil pump, you should
__________.

o (a) top off the expansion tank

(b) pressurize the lube oil system with the pre-lube pump
o (c) open the bypass line
o (d) cut in the lube oil cooler

372. When attempting to restart a warm high-speed engine, which of the following
reactions
can you expect?

o (a) Excessive fuel use

o (b) Higher than normal lube oil pressure
o (c) Longer starting periods
(d) Higher than normal temperatures for start up

373. A normally operating diesel engine is shutdown by __________.

o (a) over speeding the engine

(b) securing the fuel supply
o (c) shutting off the air supply
o (d) securing the ignition system

374. As found in a reduction gear drive system, thrust bearings serve to __________.

o (a) hold the main engine in place

o (b) increase the shaft speed
o (c) limit the radial movement of the shaft
(d) transmit the force produced by the propeller to the structure of the ship

375. Babbitt is a metal alloy commonly used for lining __________.

(a) precision bearings

o (b) shim stock
o (c) valve seats
o (d) saltwater piping

376. Which of the following methods is used to securely fasten the Babbitt lining of a
reduction
gear bearing to its shell?

o (a) The Babbitt has a crescent shaped pocket cast symmetrically about the
bearing split.
(b) The Babbitt is centrifugally spun into the bearings or cast under a pressure
head.
o (c) The Babbitt is securely bonded to the shell by the pressure of the
hydrodynamic oil wedge.
o (d) The Babbitt is relieved in way of the split and held in place by locking pins.
377. Which of the following types of bearings are used as line shaft bearings?

o (a) Rigidly mounted, radial sleeve

(b) Ring-oiled, Babbitt-faced, spherical seat, shell
o (c) Segmental, pivoted-shoe thrust
o (d) tapered roller, split type radial

378. Hydraulic couplings will transmit torque equal to the input torque by means of
energy
changes in a rotating vortex of liquid. For the vortices to form there must be
__________.

(a) slip between the impeller and runner

o (b) less than 2 per cent slip between the impeller and runner
o (c) axial thrust generated by the runner pinion shaft
o (d) momentary torsional vibration transmitted by the driving impeller

379. One advantage of electromagnetic slip couplings is __________.

(a) torsional vibrations are reduced

o (b) torque increases with a decrease in excitation current
o (c) the coupling rapidly responds to sudden changes of load
o (d) excitation and induction power losses appear as a change in torque instead of
rotational
speed between the primary and secondary elements

380. What type of reduction gear would most commonly be used

with twin medium-speed
propulsion diesel engines driving a single shaft?

o (a) Single reduction, planetary

o (b) Single reduction, single input
(c) Single reduction, double input
o (d) Double reduction, double input, articulated

381. Reduction gear casings are vented in order to __________.

o (a) allow windage to exist for cooling the gears

(b) avoid a buildup of pressure within the gear case
o (c) minimize lube oil foaming within the case
o (d) allow for axial clearance between the gears

382. Which of the statements represents a characteristic of the thrust collar in a

Kingsbury
thrust bearing?

(a) It turns with the shaft and the pivot shoes do not rotate.
o (b) It is stationary and the shoes turn with the shaft.
o (c) It is turned by the base ring of the bearing.
o (d) It is held in position by the bearing base ring.
383. What is the function of the main thrust bearing?

o (a) Prevents lateral movement of the slow speed gear.

(b) Transmits propeller thrust to the hull.
o (c) Keeps spring bearings in line.
o (d) Prevents main reduction gear axial movement.

384. Kingsbury thrust bearings are lubricated by __________.

(a) flooding the thrust bearing assembly with oil

o (b) submerging oil wiper rings in an oil bath
o (c) pressure lubricating through internal passages
o (d) spraying oil directly on the thrust collar and shoes

385. On a large diesel engine installation, crankshaft axial alignment is maintained by

the
__________.

o (a) piston rod guides

(b) engine thrust bearing
o (c) crosshead bearing
o (d) main shaft flexible coupling

386. Fuel is admitted to a diesel engine cylinder through the __________.

o (a) intake valves

o (b) carburetor
o (c) exhaust ports
(d) injector nozzles

387. Fuel injection systems are designed to primarily meter fuel, atomize fuel, and
__________.

o (a) create turbulence in the combustion chamber

o (b) aid in completing cylinder scavenging
(c) inject fuel at the proper time
o (d) minimize fuel penetration into the cylinder

388. Movement of the pump control rack in a fuel injection system using individual
plunger-
type pumps __________.

o (a) varies the compression of the delivery valve spring

o (b) changes the length of the pump stroke
o (c) changes the position of the fuel inlet ports
(d) varies the quantity of fuel delivered

389. Fuel oil discharged into the diesel engine cylinder is atomized at the __________.
 o (a) turbocharger
(b) injector nozzle tip
o (c) carburetor
o (d) fuel oil pump

390. The main advantage of unit injectors over other fuel injection systems is
__________.

(a) the lack of high pressure fuel lines

o (b) their relatively low injection pressures
o (c) reduced wear of spray orifices
o (d) the lessened chance of fuel leaks into the engine sump

391. Fuel injection pumps using the port and helix metering principle requires the use of
a
__________.

o (a) crosshatched design

(b) lapped plunger and barrel
o (c) variable stroke
o (d) variable cam lift

392. Which of the fuel injection systems listed uses a spring loaded differential spray
needle
valve and an individual pump for each cylinder?

o (a) Common-rail injection

o (b) Air injection
(c) Jerk pump injection
o (d) Distributor injection

393. The amount of fuel delivered by a helical plunger fuel injection pump is controlled
by __________.

o (a) varying the pump discharge pressure

o (b) varying the pump return pressure
(c) rotation of the pump plunger
o (d) rotation of the pump barrel

394. Which of the listed substances can be satisfactorily removed from diesel fuel by
centrifuging?

(a) Sludge
o (b) Gasoline
o (c) Fuel oil
o (d) Lube oil

395. Whether using a centrifuge or a simple filter, oil cleaning and filtration will be the
most
effective when the oil is at a __________.
 o (a) high temperature and a high viscosity
(b) high temperature and a low viscosity
o (c) low temperature and a high viscosity
o (d) low temperature and a low viscosity

396. To minimize corrosion, fuel oil strainer disks, spacers and scraper blades are made
of
__________.

o (a) brass
o (b) copper
o (c) iron
(d) monel metal or stainless steel

397. For a continuous operation diesel engine, a duplex filter unit would be the best
arrangement because __________.

(a) changing filter elements would not interrupt engine operation

o (b) filtering occurs twice in each pass of oil through the system
o (c) clogging will not occur
o (d) dropping pressure is half of that through a single filter unit

398. Cooling the intake air supplied to a diesel engine will __________.

o (a) reduce mean effective pressure

o (b) decrease average compression ratio
o (c) decrease air charge density
(d) increase peak power output

399. A large, low-speed, main propulsion diesel engine uses sea water to directly cool
the
__________.

o (a) cylinder heads

o (b) exhaust valves
(c) scavenging air
o (d) injectors

400. An increase in the air inlet manifold pressure of a diesel engine will result in a/an
__________.

o (a) decrease in maximum cylinder pressure

o (b) increase in ignition lag
(c) decrease in fuel consumption per horsepower-hour
o (d) decrease in exhaust manifold pressure

401. In a naturally aspirated diesel engine, the volume of air intake is directly associated
with
engine __________.
 o (a) compression ratio
(b) displacement
o (c) fuel pressure
o (d) cylinder clearance volume

402. What is the function of the after coolers installed in the diesel engine air intake
system?

o (a) Decrease the air density

o (b) Increase the exhaust temperature
o (c) Decrease the lube oil temperature
(d) Increase the air density

403. Compared to a naturally aspirated diesel engine, a supercharged diesel engine

has
__________.

(a) a cylinder air charge of higher pressure

o (b) reduced cylinder mean effective pressure
o (c) less valve overlap
o (d) reduced blow-by

404. A naturally aspirated diesel engine at full throttle will have an intake manifold
pressure
__________.

(a) slightly less than atmospheric pressure

o (b) approximately equal to exhaust manifold pressure at all times
o (c) that is widely fluctuating
o (d) constantly decreasing as engine load increases

405. Lube oil cannot be efficiently filtered if its __________.

o (a) pump capacity is greater than the system's needs

o (b) viscosity is too low
o (c) pump discharge pressure is higher than the system's pressure
(d) temperature is too low

406. A magnetic strainer is primarily used in diesel engine reduction gear oil systems to
remove small particles of __________.

(a) ferrous materials

o (b) Babbitt
o (c) copper
o (d) acidic materials

407. Where would a coarse screen wire-mesh strainer normally be found on a diesel
engine
lubrication system?
 (a) pump suction line
o (b) filter bypass return line
o (c) pump discharge line
o (d) gravity tank inlet line

408. Which of the following statements is true concerning a main diesel engine oil
cooler?

(a) The oil pressure is greater than the cooling water pressure.
o (b) The oil flow control valve is always installed in the oil input line.
o (c) The oil temperature is less than the cooling water temperature.
o (d) The oil pressure is less than the cooling water pressure.

409. The lube oil cooler is located after the lube oil filter in order for __________.

(a) the filter to operate more efficiently

o (b) galvanic action in the cooler to be minimized
o (c) positive lube oil pump suction to be assured
o (d) the lube oil cooler to be bypassed

410. Heat exchangers are most commonly found in a small auxiliary diesel engine
__________.

(a) lube oil system

o (b) governing system
o (c) air starting system
o (d) fuel oil system

411. The purpose of an oil mist detector in a main propulsion diesel engine is to warn of
__________.

(a) a possible overheated bearing

o (b) excessive carbon buildup in the lube oil
o (c) low cylinder oil pressure
o (d) excessively high crankcase vacuum

412. Which of the following problems could develop due to the accumulation of oil
vapors in
the crankcase of a diesel engine?

(a) Crankcase explosion

o (b) Poor fuel economy
o (c) Reduced lubrication
o (d) Combustion knock

413. The possibility of a diesel engine crankcase explosion will be increased by

operating
an engine __________.
 o (a) with a crankcase vacuum between 1.5" and 2" of water
(b) with a leaking crankcase inspection cover gasket
o (c) equipped with a crankcase exhaust blower which vents to fresh air
o (d) in cooler sea water temperatures

414. If a diesel engine has been stopped because of piston seizure due to severe
overheating, the crankcase __________.

(a) inspection covers should not be opened until the engine has cooled
o (b) scavenge pump should be immediately secured to prevent loss of lube oil
o (c) ventilation system should be continued in operation for one hour for cooling
o (d) explosion covers should be opened slightly to provide extra ventilation

415. Which of the following methods is normally used to lubricate bearings in a small
high-
speed diesel engine?

o (a) Splash lubrication

(b) Pressure lubrication
o (c) Sight feed lubricators
o (d) Mechanical lubricators

416. Lube oil pumps taking suction from the sump of most small marine engines are
usually
__________.

o (a) diaphragm type

o (b) eductor type
o (c) centrifugal type
(d) positive displacement type

417. In an auxiliary diesel engine "by-pass type" lubricating oil system, the main lube oil
pump forces __________.

o (a) all of the oil used by the engine through a filter

(b) some of the oil used by the engine through a filter
o (c) some of the oil used by the engine through a centrifuge
o (d) all of the oil used by the engine through a centrifuge

418. Lubrication for the main reduction gears used with diesel engines is usually
supplied
by __________.

o (a) oil from the main engine sump

o (b) the stern bearing head tank
o (c) the stern bearing sump tank
(d) an independent lube oil system

419. Which of the routine maintenance procedures listed is required for starting air
receivers?
 (a) Frequent draining of accumulated moisture.
o (b) Frequent testing of relief valves.
o (c) A close watch on temperature to prevent fluctuations in pressure.
o (d) Frequent cleaning to remove oil and foreign matter.

420. Starting air check valves are held firmly on their seats by __________.

o (a) cam rollers on the camshaft

(b) spring force
o (c) air pressure on top of the valve differential piston
o (d) air pressure on the bottom of the valve differential piston

421. A two-stroke/cycle diesel engine requires less starting air than a four-stroke/cycle
diesel engine, of equal displacement, because the two-stroke/cycle diesel engine
__________.

o (a) has little or no internal friction

o (b) has a lower effective compression ratio
o (c) operates with scavenge air under a positive pressure
(d) operates without energy absorbing intake and exhaust strokes

422. Where is the air charge for an air starting system stored?

o (a) Air compressor

(b) Pressurized tank
o (c) Distributor assembly
o (d) Cylinder check valve

423. An accumulator used in a hydraulic starting system is generally located between

the
__________.

o (a) pump and the compressor

o (b) storage tank and the pump
o (c) starting motor and the reserve tank
(d) pump and the starting motor

424. For a diesel engine, approximately how long can an electric starter motor be
operated
continuously before damage may begin to occur due to overheating?

o (a) Overheating the motor cannot occur.

o (b) Not more than 90 seconds
(c) Not more than 30 seconds
o (d) Not more than 60 seconds

425. Auxiliary diesel engine electric starting motors use __________.

(a) battery power direct current

o (b) 400 cycle per second motor-generator power
 o (c) alternating current transformers
o (d) low amperage, high voltage AC power

426. Diesel engine electric starting motors generally require heavier duty motors and
operate at higher voltages than comparable starting motors for gasoline engines due
to
__________.

o (a) flywheel effect

(b) higher compression pressures
o (c) lower starting temperatures
o (d) higher speed required

427. Air motors used for starting some auxiliary diesel engines are generally the type
known as a/an __________.

(a) vane motors

o (b) accumulator motors
o (c) plunger motors
o (d) gear motors

428. Hydraulic starters are installed on many lifeboat diesel engines instead of
comparable
air start systems, because __________.

o (a) hydraulic starters are the least expensive of all starting systems
o (b) the system does not require high pressure piping
o (c) hydraulic systems turn diesel engines at higher rates of speed than air starters
(d) the system can be manually recharged

429. When an engine fitted with a hydraulic starting system starts up, the starter is
protected from the higher speed of the engine by __________.

o (a) the immediate increase in hydraulic pressure

(b) the overrunning clutch
o (c) closing the starting check valves
o (d) the pivoting of the shaft from being engaged with the flywheel

430. The purpose of the engine-driven hydraulic pump in an auxiliary diesel engine
hydraulic starting system is to __________.

(a) restore hydraulic pressure in the accumulator after starting

o (b) engage the starter motor with the flywheel
o (c) fill the sump and prevent low level in the system
o (d) bypass the hydraulic motor when the engine is running

431. A Bendix drive starting motor disengages the drive gear from the flywheel by
__________.

o (a) applying accumulator pressure

o (b) spring force
 o (c) rotating of the starting cam
(d) having the flywheel impart a torque to the starter pinion

432. The pinion of an auxiliary diesel electric starting motor normally engages the
flywheel
ring gear by means of a/an __________.

o (a) magnetic type coupling

o (b) automatic follow-up
o (c) muff coupling and release
(d) Bendix drive or similar mechanism

433. Auxiliary diesel engine electric starting motors use __________.

o (a) low amperage, high voltage AC power

o (b) alternating current transformers
o (c) 400 cycle per second motor-generator power
(d) battery power direct current

434. Starting systems for large, direct reversing, main propulsion diesel engines are
usually
__________.

o (a) hydraulic starting motor

o (b) electric starting motor
(c) direct air admission
o (d) vane type air motors

435. When an air started, four-stroke/cycle diesel engine is being cranked over; the
starting
air is admitted to each cylinder during the beginning of its __________.

o (a) intake stroke

o (b) compression stroke
(c) power stroke
o (d) exhaust stroke

436. In a medium-speed marine propulsion engine equipped with direct admission air
starting valves, the cylinders without air starting valves fire first because the
__________.

o (a) operation is under higher compression

o (b) fuel is admitted only to these cylinders during cranking
o (c) compression is released during starting by opening the exhaust valve
(d) cylinders are not chilled by the expansion of the starting air

437. The most common instrument used to measure diesel engine exhaust pressure is
the
__________.
 o (a) pyrometer
o (b) bourdon gauge
o (c) pneumercator
(d) manometer

438. In a diesel engine exhaust system, the cooling of the exhaust gases below their
dew
point, will result in __________.

o (a) increased engine back pressure

(b) sulfuric acid corrosion
o (c) surface pitting of the turbocharger compressor blades
o (d) moisture impingement on the turbocharger compressor blading

439. One of the factors limiting the amount of load which can be put on a modern
marine
diesel engine is the __________.

o (a) governor sensitivity

(b) exhaust temperature
o (c) fuel injection pressure
o (d) speed of the cam shaft

440. Exhaust pipes for separate main propulsion diesel engines can be combined only
when __________.

o (a) space limitations prevent separately run pipes

o (b) the engines are small auxiliary units
(c) they are arranged to prevent gas backflow to each engine
o (d) a waste heat boiler is installed

441. The exhaust system for a turbocharged diesel engine functions to __________.

o (a) power the after coolers

(b) power the turbocharger
o (c) reduce the cylinder scavenge effect
o (d) cool the turbocharger

442. Auxiliary boilers are divided into several classifications, one of which is
__________.

o (a) water-tube supercritical circulation

(b) water-tube forced circulation
o (c) fire-tube controlled circulation
o (d) fire-tube express circulation

443. In a coil-type forced circulation auxiliary water-tube boiler, __________.

(a) steam demand response is comparatively rapid

o (b) steam is recirculated through heating coils in the boiler
 o (c) unevaporated feed water is discharged through the skim tube
o (d) steam demand response is slow

444. Which of the following statements concerning fire-tube boilers is correct?

(a) Combustion gases flow through the tubes.

o (b) Flames impinge on the tubes.
o (c) Combustion occurs in the tubes.
o (d) Water flows through the tubes.

445. Bottom blow valves are installed on auxiliary water-tube boilers to __________.

o (a) completely drain the boiler in an emergency

o (b) prevent sludge from forming in the steam drum
o (c) remove floating impurities from the boiler water surface
(d) remove settled solids from the water drum

446. The purpose of try-cocks used on an auxiliary boiler is to __________.

(a) provide an alternate means of determining the water level, if the gage glass
fails
o (b) provide a means of adding chemical feed to the boiler water
o (c) provide a means for blowing down the gage glass
o (d) act as a steam sentinel valve, if any of the fusible plugs should melt

447. An exhaust gas bypass is installed on a waste heat boiler in order to __________.

o (a) bypass exhaust gas at high loads to prevent excessive back pressure
o (b) bypass a portion of the exhaust gas at peak loads for better efficiency
o (c) recycle exhaust gas to the turbocharger
(d) minimize moisture condensation in the boiler gas passages at low loads

448. The maximum pressure developed by a waste heat boiler is determined by the
main
engine exhaust __________.

o (a) gas composition

(b) gas temperature
o (c) pressure
o (d) timing

449. Casing drains may be required on a waste heat boiler gas passage side to
__________.

o (a) prevent an accumulation of boiler water entering gas passages as a result of a

pinhole tube
leak
o (b) as a means to sample stack gases for testing
o (c) release excess pressure
(d) drain off condensation
450. Which of the following statements concerning fire-tube boilers is correct?

(a) Combustion gases flow through the tubes.

o (b) Flames impinge on the tubes.
o (c) Combustion occurs in the tubes.
o (d) Water flows through the tubes.

451. The tube sheets installed in a fire-tube auxiliary boiler are normally connected by
__________.

o (a) girder stays

(b) fire-tubes and stay-tubes
o (c) external boiler plating
o (d) separate crown sheets

452. Fusible plugs are installed in fire-tube boilers to __________.

o (a) provide a means of draining the boiler

(b) warn the engineer of low water level
o (c) cool the crown sheet at high firing rates
o (d) open the burners' electrical firing circuits

453. Constant capacity, pressure atomizing, fuel burners designed to meet a wide
variation in steaming loads on an auxiliary boiler, are __________.

o (a) automatically supplied with warmer air on demand

o (b) automatically supplied with more fuel on demand
o (c) equipped with standard variable capacity atomizers
(d) cycled on and off in response to steam demand

454. The primary function of a flame safeguard system, as used on an automatically

fired
auxiliary boiler, is to prevent __________.

o (a) accidental dry firing and overpressure

o (b) uncontrolled fires in the furnace
(c) explosions in the boiler furnace
o (d) overheating of the pressure parts

455. A photoelectric cell installed in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler burner

management system __________.

(a) opens the burner circuit upon sensing a flame failure

o (b) detects a flame failure by monitoring radiant heat from glowing refractory
o (c) requires mechanical linkage to secure the burner fuel supply
o (d) must be bypassed at low firing rates

456. The pressuretrol which is installed on an auxiliary boiler senses steam pressure
changes and __________.

o (a) controls the flow of feed water to the boiler

o (b) monitors the boiler high water level
 o (c) secures the fires when a fusible plug burns out
(d) automatically regulates the quantity of oil and air flow to the burner

457. A variable capacity, pressure atomizing, fuel oil burner functions to __________.

o (a) maintain a constant fuel temperature

(b) provide a wide range of combustion
o (c) provide a constant fuel return pressure
o (d) maintain smokeless fuel oil atomization

458. The solenoid valves in the fuel oil supply line to an automatically fired auxiliary
boiler,
are automatically closed by __________.

o (a) a decrease in feed temperature

o (b) high furnace air pressure
(c) high steam pressure
o (d) low steam pressure

459. Control of the fuel oil metering valve in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler is
accomplished by a __________.

o (a) pressure magnifying device in the steam coil outlet

(b) steam pressure sensing device with linkage to the damper air vanes
o (c) metering device in the air supply line
o (d) signal from the feed water electrode

460. If the cooling water temperature and the lube oil temperature in a diesel engine are
too high, the cause can be __________.

o (a) a dirty lube oil strainer

(b) excessive wear of the cooling water pump
o (c) an oil suction line restriction
o (d) internal water leaks

461. If the raw water supply pressure for a diesel engine cooling system is below
normal,
you should check for a __________.

o (a) cracked head

(b) clogged sea strainer
o (c) broken thermostat
o (d) blown head gasket

462. Antifreeze solutions containing ethylene glycol, should not be mixed with corrosion
protection oils, as the resultant mixture __________.

o (a) is dangerously flammable

 (b) may cause frothing
o (c) has a higher chloride content
o (d) promotes scale buildup

463. In a closed cooling water system, which of the following problems can cause the
water pressure to fluctuate?

o (a) An open vent in the cooling system.

o (b) A restricted water passage in the engine.
o (c) A fouled sea chest.
(d) Air entrained in the cooling water.

464. In a normally operating diesel engine, the main source of lubricating oil
contamination
in the crankcase is a result of the __________.

o (a) air when no air cleaners are used

(b) combustion byproducts removed from the cylinder walls
o (c) condensation of water vapors
o (d) metal particles loosened by wear

465. A dirty diesel engine oil filter element can best be detected by __________.

o (a) visual inspection of the elements

o (b) high lube oil sump temperature
o (c) decrease in oil viscosity from the filter
(d) the pressure drop across the filter

466. The color of the diesel engine detergent type lube oil in an operating diesel engine
is
black, this indicates __________.

o (a) water dilution

(b) normal oil condition
o (c) fuel dilution
o (d) 'worn out' oil

467. A dirty lube oil strainer can result in __________.

o (a) crankcase dilution

o (b) low lube oil temperature
(c) low bearing oil pressure
o (d) excessive oil consumption

468. When a leak has developed in the lube oil cooler of an operating diesel engine,
which of the listed operating conditions can be expected to occur?

(a) Lube oil level decreases

o (b) Lube oil level increases
o (c) Lube oil contaminated with fresh water coolant
o (d) Lube oil contaminated with saltwater
469. Scale and dirt accumulation in the waterside of a lube oil cooler will be indicated by
a gradual increase in the lube oil __________.

o (a) foaming
o (b) viscosity
o (c) TBN number
(d) temperature

470. On small diesel engines, a noticeable decrease in the time interval between the
replacement of the lube filter cartridge indicates __________.

o (a) excessive oil temperature

(b) piston ring blow-by
o (c) excessive oil pressure
o (d) dirty air filter

471. In an operating diesel engine, pre-ignition can be caused by __________.

o (a) excessively late fuel injection

(b) oil in the air charge
o (c) water in the fuel
o (d) injection continuing after the fuel charge is ignited

472. Irregular engine speed in a diesel generator can be caused by __________.

o (a) high generator load

o (b) low fuel viscosity
o (c) high injection pressure
(d) binding in the fuel control linkage

473. If fuel oil were being discharged from the waste water outlet of a fuel oil disk type
centrifuge, operated as a separator, you should __________.

o (a) remove the discharge ring

(b) reprime the purifier with sealing water
o (c) slow the centrifuge to its proper speed
o (d) install an additional discharge ring

474. Heat damage to fuel injection nozzles can be prevented by avoiding __________.

o (a) excessive fuel oil temperature

(b) long periods of engine overload
o (c) metallic contact between nozzles and cylinder heads
o (d) hard carbon deposit and varnish on the nozzles

475. One cause of diesel engine surging can be a result of __________.

(a) injection pump fuel rack binding or sticking

 o (b) low compression
o (c) solenoid stuck open
o (d) fuel booster pump pressure too high

476. Which of the following problems can occur if you continually fail to drain off
condensate from a starting air receiver?

(a) Corrosion and eventual failure of the tank.

o (b) Gumming of the tank relief valves.
o (c) Immediate failure of components downstream of the compressed air system.
o (d) Boiling of the water oil mixture as pressure is reduced.

477. On a diesel engine with direct-cylinder admission air starting, a leaking air starting
valve would be indicated by __________.

(a) an overheated starting air supply pipe

o (b) excessive smoke from the engine exhaust
o (c) carbon deposit on the exhaust valves
o (d) early fuel ignition

478. Which of the following conditions is most likely to occur if the electric starter motor
pinion gear fails to disengage from the flywheel of a diesel engine after the engine
has started?

o (a) Engine will stop

(b) Starting motor will dangerously over speed
o (c) Flywheel will be damaged
o (d) Combustion gases will enter the air starting system

479. When starting air is admitted, a diesel engine turns over very slowly without firing.
The cause may be __________.

o (a) an obstruction in an engine cylinder

o (b) water accumulation in some engine cylinders
(c) low starting air pressure
o (d) low scavenge air pressure

480. When an additional load is applied to a diesel engine which is using an

inadequately
inflated air bladder clutch unit, you can expect __________.

o (a) pneumatic seizure

(b) overheating because of slipping shoes
o (c) chipped reduction gear teeth
o (d) excessive wear on the thrust bearings

481. Misalignment of the drive shaft and propeller shaft flanges can be detected by
using
a dial indicator or __________.

o (a) inside micrometer

(b) feeler gage
o (c) adjustable trammel
o (d) sighting device

482. One of the most common causes of reduction gear failure is gear wear caused by
scoring as a result of __________.

o (a) surface fatigue of the gears

(b) an inadequate lube oil film
o (c) plastic flow of the gears
o (d) fretting corrosion from water contamination

483. In a diesel engine, a leaking exhaust valve can cause __________.

(a) misfiring
o (b) preignition
o (c) interrupted scavenging
o (d) reduced scavenging

484. A dry-type exhaust silencer clogged with soot, will cause __________.

o (a) low exhaust temperature

(b) loss of engine power
o (c) burned intake valves
o (d) engine racing

485. White smoke exhausting from a diesel engine can result from __________.

o (a) high exhaust temperature

o (b) high lube oil temperature
o (c) low turbocharger speed
(d) low cooling water temperature

486. Black smoke exhausting from an operating diesel engine is an indication of poor
combustion which may be caused by __________.

o (a) water in the fuel

o (b) insufficient fuel for combustion
(c) clogged air intake passages
o (d) burning lubricating oil

487. A diesel engine may be hard to start if the __________.

(a) air intake is restricted

o (b) engine is cranked too fast
o (c) vibration dampener is faulty
 o (d) exhaust back pressure is low

488. A main propulsion diesel engine is operating at 80% load and normal speed while
the vessel is in calm seas. As the intensity of the seas
increase, the engine speed governor maintains the same
RPM, although the load indicator indicates an increase in load
beyond its allowable limits. Which of the following actions
should be taken?

o (a) Increase the load limit setting.

(b) Decrease the load limit setting.
o (c) Increase engine RPM.
o (d) Ignore this situation as the engine can handle the load increase.

489. Maintaining the lowest possible scavenging air temperature at all times is not
recommended due to the possibility of the __________.

o (a) air charge density becoming too high

o (b) piston crown surfaces becoming too cold
(c) formation of excessive quantities of condensate
o (d) compression pressure being greatly reduced

490. The power output of a turbocharged diesel engine will drop if the cooling water flow
through the after cooler is interrupted because the __________.

o (a) turbocharger stalls

o (b) exhaust pressure increases
(c) air charge density decreases
o (d) scavenge effect increases

491. Which condition indicates the air side fouling of an after cooler on a turbocharged
diesel engine?

o (a) An increased air temperature differential between the cooler inlet and outlet.
o (b) A decrease in the air pressure differential across the cooler.
o (c) Excessive condensate forming in the air box.
(d) A decrease in the air temperature differential between the cooler inlet and
outlet.

492. Which of the following problems can cause an above normal air temperature to
develop in the intake manifold of a turbocharged and after cooled diesel engine?

o (a) Faulty turbocharger turbine diffuser ring

o (b) Faulty turbocharger compressor ring
(c) Insufficient cooling water flow to the after coolers
o (d) Clogged air intake filters

493. An operating diesel engine that suddenly loses power, is due to a/an __________.

(a) restricted turbocharger air intake

o (b) oil leak into the turbocharger
o (c) dribbling injector
 o (d) low fuel viscosity

494. Corrosion and grooving on the blading of an exhaust driven turbocharger is caused
by certain components of residual fuel oils. These components are vanadium,
sodium, and
__________.

o (a) copper
o (b) carbon
o (c) hydrogen
(d) sulfur

495. A sudden power loss from a turbocharged and after cooled diesel engine is an
indication of a/an __________.

(a) turbocharger malfunction or failure

o (b) crankcase exhauster overload
o (c) overload on the intercooler
o (d) obstruction in the engine cylinders

496. A thin film of oil on the lobes of a Roots-type blower indicates __________.

o (a) proper lubrication

o (b) timing out of adjustment
o (c) excessive cylinder lubrication
(d) leaking rotor bearing oil seals

497. Which of the following conditions is indicated by the presence of water in the
scavenging air receiver?

o (a) Leaking cylinder head gaskets

(b) Leaking after cooler
o (c) Excessively high scavenge air temperature
o (d) Auxiliary blower failure

498. Excessive mechanical and pulsating vibrations developed in a main propulsion

diesel engine may be more likely to cause damage to an attached __________.

o (a) scavenged air pump because it is designed for steady state operation rather
than pulsating
gas load
o (b) reciprocating scavenge pump because of its direct linkage to the crankshaft
o (c) centrifugal cooling water pump because of the close tolerances required
between the impeller
rim and the volute
(d) gas driven turbocharger because it has a wide speed range, high operating
temperatures and
close tolerances.