General Data

1- Bracket Assembly:

No. Of Support Brackets = 2 (Below the stone)

No. Of Restraining Brackets = 2 (Above the stone)

Total No. of brackets (restrains) = 4 per stone

2- Design Code & Criteria:

- LRFD as per BS 5950

- Wind Load as per BS 6399
- Seismic Load as per UBC 1997
- Load combination :
i. 1.4 DL
ii. 1.4DL+1.40WL
iii. DL+1.40WL
3- Steel Material:

Es = 205000 N/mm2

Fy = 321.00 N/mm2 (for Bracket)

Fy = 599.00 N/mm2 (for Rods)

4- Loads:

a. Dead Load:

- Self-weight of the bracket is calculated by the analyzing software.

- Stone Weight calculation:

Largest stone panel dimension = (1500x1200x30) mm

Stone density = 26000 N/m3
Stone weight = 26000 x 1.50 x 1.20 x 0.030 = 1404 N

Weight per anchor = stone weight / 2 = 1404 N / 2 = 702 N

(eq-1)

Weight per Pin = stone weight / 4 = 1404 N / 4 = 351 N

(eq-2)

b. Wind Load: Reference code BS-6399 Part 2: 1997

Site Wind Speed, Vs= Vb x Sa x Sd x Ss x Sp

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Type 2
 Basic Wind Speed: V = 45 m/sec
Hourly Mean Wind Speed Vb = 24 m/sec
Altitude Factor Sa = 1 + 0.001 ()
Site Altitude above mean sea level s = 10 m
Sa = 1.01
Direction Factor Sd = 1.00 For All Directions
Seasonal Factor Ss = 1.00 for Whole Year
Probability Factor Sp = 1.00 (Risk Value=00.2)

Site Wind Speed Vs = 24x1.01x1.0x1.0x1.0

= 24.24 m/sec

Effective Wind Speed Ve = Vs x Sb

From Fig.2 BS-6399 Part 2: 1997

Reference Height: Hr = 30.00 m

Average Height Of Surrounding Building Ho = 100.00 m
Distance to Surrounding Building X = 50 m

X 2 Ho Therefore; Effective Height He = 0.4 Hr

Effective Height He= 12.00 m

From Table-4 BS 6399-2:1997

Factor Sb (Terrain & Building Factor) for Standard Method

(Considering Effective Height of Cladding)

Sb, Terrain & Building Factor Sb =1.85 (For All Directions)

Therefore, Effective Wind Speed Ve = Vs x Sb

Ve = 44.84 m/sec

Dynamic Pressure qs = 0.613 Ve2

qs = 1,232.51 Pa

Net Pressure on Surface P = qs x (Cpe-Cpi)x Ca

From Table 5 External Pressure coefficient Cpe = 0.850

From Table 16 Internal Pressure coefficient Cpi = -0.30

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Type 2
 From Figure 4 Size Effect Factor Ca = 1.0

Therefore, Net pressure on surface P = 1232.51x [0.85-(-0.30)] x 1.0

P = 1417.40 N/m2 ~ 1420 N/m2

Therefore,

Total wind load on one stone panel = 1.50 x 1.20 x 1420.0

= 2556 N

Wind Load per Bracket = 2556 / 2 = 1278 N

(eq-3)

Wind Load per Pin = 2556 / 4 = 639 N

(eq-4)

C. Seismic Load:

Zone: 2A; Factor Z = 0.15

Soil Type = Sb

Seismic Coefficient Ca = 0.15 Table 16-Q

Importance Factor Ip = 1.50 Table 16-K

Global Durability Factor F = 5.50 Table 16-N

Design Seismic Load = Ca x Ip x F x Load of stone per bracket in Eq-1

= 0.150 x 1.50 x 5.50 x 702.0

= 868.725 N (eq-
5)

Therefore, Eq-5 < Eq-4, which implies that Wind Load to be considered in the
check of connection and bracket.

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