CRANIAL ORIGIN POINT OF POINT OF STRUCTURE

NERVE EXIT FROM EXIT OR S

BRAINSTEM ENTRY INNERVATED
FROM
SKULL
CN I central or projects foramina of nose
Olfactory deep process directly to the cribriform
of olfactory telencephalon plate of
neuron ethmoid bone
CN II optic chiasma visual cortex optic canal of eyes
Optic on the floor (area 17) of sphenoid bone
of occipital lobe
diencephalon
CN III GSE: Interpeduncula superior orbital medial rectus,
Oculomotor oculomotor r fossa of fissure superior
nucleus of midbrain rectus, inferior
midbrain rectus, inferior
GVE: Edinger- oblique,
Westphal levator
nucleus palpebrae,
muscles
CN IV contralateral dorsal surface, superior orbital superior
Trochlear trochlear caudal to fissure oblique muscle
nucleus of inferior
midbrain colliculus
CN V facial process pons V1: superior muscles of
Trigeminal orbital fissure mastication
V2: foramen (temporalis,
rotundum masseter,
V3: foramen lateral and
ovale medial
pterygoids)
CN VI abducent inferior superior orbital lateral rectus
Abducens nucleus of pontine sulcus fissure muscle
caudal pons
CN VII facial nucleus cerebelloponti stylomastoid muscles of
Facial of caudal ne angle foramen facial
pons expression
CN VIII vestibular cerebelloponti internal organ of Corti
Vestibulocochl nuclei ne angle auditory
ear complex meatus
CN IX nucleus postolivary jugular external ear,
Glossopharyn ambiguous of sulcus foramen taste buds,
geal the lateral parotid gland,
medulla stylopharyngo
(SVE) us muscle
CN X SVE: nucleus postolivary jugular viscera of the
Vagus ambiguous of sulcus foramen neck, thorax,
lateral and abdomen
medulla
CN XI cranial: postolivary jugular SCM,
Accessory nucleus sulcus foramen trapezius,
ambiguous intrinsic
spinal: muscles of
ventral horn larynx
of cortical
segments C1-
C6
 CN XII hypoglossal preolivary hypoglossal intrinsic and
Hypoglossal nucleus of sulcus canal extrinsic
medulla muscles of the
tongue

FIBER SYSTEMS PASSING THROUGH CEREBELLAR PEDUNCLES

PEDUNCLE TYPE FIBER ORIGIN TERMINATI

ON
Inferior Afferent olivocerebellar inferior anterior and
fibers olivary posterior lobes
nucleus
Inferior Afferent dorsal nucleus anterior lobe
spinocerebellar dorsalis
tract Clarke
Inferior Afferent cuneocerebellar accessory anterior lobe
fibers cuneate and parts of
nucleus posterior lobe
Inferior Afferent vestibulocerebell vestibular flocculonodular
ar fibers apparatus lobe
and medial &
inferior
vestibular
nucleus
Inferior Afferent arcuate nucleus ventromedial cerebellar
medulla lobes
Inferior Afferent trigeminal brainstem cerebellar
sensory nuclei lobes
Inferior Afferent precerebellar brainstem cerebellar lobe
reticular nuclei
Inferior Afferent cerebellovestibul vestibular flocculonodular
ar fibers apparatus lobe
and medial &
inferior
vestibular
nucleus
Inferior Afferent cerebelloreticula lateral & anterior and
r fibers paramedian posterior
nucleus and cerebellar
reticulotegm lobes
ental nucleus

Middle Afferent pontocerebellar deep pontine anterior and

fibers nuclei posterior
cerebellar
lobes

Superior Afferent ventral ventral anterior lobe

spinocerebellar hornof spinal
tract gray matter
 Superior Afferent trigeminothalami mesencephal vermal and
c fibers ic trigeminal paravermal
nucleus cerebellar
cortex regions
Superior Afferent tectocerebellar superior and anterior and
fibers inferior posterior
colliculi cerebellar
lobes
Superior Efferent cerebellothalami gray matter anterior lobe
c fibers of cervical
spinal cord
Superior Efferent cerebellorubral red nucleus anterior and
fibers posterior lobe

FIBER TRACTS IN INTERNAL CAPSULE

PORTION DESCRIPTIO ORIGIN TERMINATION FUNCTION

N
Anterior Anterior anterior cingulate gyrus emotional
Limb thalamic nucleus prefrontal cortex learning
radiation midline anatomic
nucleus regulation
and emotions
Genu relays to VA/VL of premotor cortex transfer of
motor areas thalamus primary motor cerebellar
corticobulbar motor cortex cortex input to the
tract brainstem at primary
(corticonuclear cranial nerve motor cortex
) nuclei motion of
striated
muscle in the
head and
face
Posterior motor motor cortex motor pathway voluntary
Limb pathway VPL/VPM of spinal cord control of
thalamus body
-corticospinal somatosensory musculature
tract pathway transfer of
primary sensory
somatosensor somatosens information
y pathway ory cortex (touch and
pain)
Retrolenticul association pulvinar association cortex visual
ar body lateral visual cortex attention,
optic radiation geniculate suppress
nucleus irrelevant
stimuli and
initiate eye
movements
Sublenticula temporopontin temporal lobe pontine nuclei at processing of
r e fibers (superior and basilar part of auditory
auditory middle gyri pons information
radiations medial auditory cortex
geniculate
nucleus

AREA OF BRODMANN

AREA BRODMANNS AREA FUNCTION

FRONTAL LOBE

Primary motor are 4 innervates small muscle

groups for fine or skilled
movements on the
opposite side of the body

Premotor area 6 innervates large muscle

groups for stereotype
mass movement

Frontal eye field 8 conjugate deviation of

eyes

Prefrontal area 9, 10, 11, 12 thinking, planning,

judgment, and complex
thought processes

Brocas speech area 44, 45 controls motor apparatus

of speech
PARIETAL LOBE

Primary 1, 2, 3 receives impulses for

somatosensory area sensory perception and all
discriminative senses
(two-point discrimination,
stereogenesis)

Sensory association 5, 7 determination of body

area scheme
 Visual speech area 39 interpretation and
comprehension of the
meaning of written
laguage
TEMPORAL LOBE

Primary auditory 41 receives fibers for

area auditory sensation

Association areas of 20, 21 memory storage

temporal lobe

Wernickies area 22 comprehension and

interpretation of words
heard

Primary center for 34, 28, 38 receives olfaction

olfaction perception

OCCIPITAL LOBE

Primary visual 17 receives fibers for visual

cortex (Striate area) perception

Visual association 18 gives meaning to objects

area (Parastriate seen, for color vision
area)

Occipital area 19 conjugate deviation of the

eyes and for following
movements and fixation
LIMBIC LOBE

Limbic lobe 23, 24, 26, 34 forms part in

reverberating circuit for
emotional expression;
controls autonomic
functions