Basrah University Of Oil And Gas

Oil And Gas Engineering

Chemical And Petroleum Refining

Engineering

DISTILLATION

Ammar Abdalsalam Rzoqee

4th Stage

16

Names Of The Group

Karrar Jabbar

Fatima Tariq

Zainab Mohammed
: Introduction
Standard distillation determines the differential
structure of petroleum product and the results are
usually recorded at a low boil. And it is set to start
boiling point (IBP) and final boiling point (FBP) and
percentages of the product (percent recovered),
such as the boiling point of 10% or the boiling point
of 20% and so on. And it relies on crude distillation
laboratory of molecular distillation of crude oil a
.way diet(laboratory batch distillation)
And fractional distillation process are two main
: stages
1- distillation conditions normal atmospheric pressure.
2- vacuum distillation conditions of pressure.

Distillation:The process of separating oil products and

know initial and final boiling point, In addition to knowing
the extent of the purity of the product and is free of
impurities.
Initial boiling point:Is the degree thermometer
registered at the fall of the first drop of the steam
condensate from the end of the tube condensation.

Final boiling point:Is the highest temperature up to it

by the thermometer reading stabilizes and then begins to
decline.

Dry point:Reading is indicated by the thermometer in a

moment of evaporation of the last drop of liquid left in the
bottom of the distillation a beaker and neglects any drop
may be stuck on the wall of the beaker or the
thermometer when taking the reading because this is a
special class evaporate the last drop in the bottom of the
a beaker distillation only.
The purpose of experiment:
Know the initial boiling point (IBP) and the final -1
.boiling point (FBP)
Filtering materials (check the purity of -2
.substance)
.Know substance through knowing boiling point -3
Drawing the true boiling point from volumetric -4
percentage and the corresponding real boiling
.temperatures
For the distillation of crude oil can be obtained -5
Distillates -oil light, medium, and heavy, addition
.to the oil residue after distillation
.Control over the process productivity -6

: Devices and Material Used

.flask distillation (125 ml) -1
.Graduated Cylinder 100 -2
. Condenser bath -3
. Electric heater -4
. Thermometer -5
.Holder with iron Porte -6
 : Work procedure
fill the bath condensation in cold water with ice -1
so that the temperature () or by the group that
.belongs Product
Measured (100ml) of the form by graduated -2
cylinder and turned the contents of the cylinder to
the distillation flask while avoiding spillage of
model through the steam tube, Prove thermometer
in with stopper court are either made of silicon
rubber or cork so as not to allow vapors leaking
from these slots, and prove distillation flask so that
the steam tube is placed to a distance of 25-50
mm inside the condenser tube so that the
distillation flask bottom in the middle of the
.thermal source
Graduated cylinder placed under the lower end -3
tube condensation on the internal surface that
.comes into contact with the end of tube condenser
Heated flask and its contents so as not to -4
exceed the time between the start of the heating
and initial boiling point (5-10 min) any fall of the
first drop of liquid condensate since the start of the
.heating
If the initial temperature of boiling less than -5
(100 C) and after noticing the fall of the first drop
directly heating and continue to regulate the
 temperature being so at a rate of distillation (4-5
mm) per minute, while for boiling over (100C) The
rate of distillation ( 5-10 mm) in a minute and then
recorded temperature for each (10 ml) accumulate
.in the cylinder
Recorded the final boiling point: the highest -6
temperature up her thermometer reading stabilizes
.and then begins to decline
Distillation continues until the dry for the models -7
to be testing her degree distillation to the point of
dry, where the thermometer reads this degree is
recorded when the evaporation of the last drop in
.flask
Measured by the size of the liquid condensate in -8
the cylinder and registers as a liquid condensate
and the remaining liquid in the flask distillation
allow to cool and measured to record as the
.residual liquid volume
It raises the total liquid condensate size and the -9
size of the residual liquid from the sample size
(total liquid) (100 ml) to obtain the size of the fluid
.lost during distillation
 :Discussion
?What is the benefit of the distillation curve -1
The benefits can be curved distillation inclusion as
: follows
A - know the identity material by knowing the
. boiling point
B - purification material and see how the purity of
the product
C - control over the production process in the
distillation unit

?What is a distillation curve represents -2

Distillation curve represents an ideal way of
knowing initial boiling point and final boiling point
for crude oil products. A distillation curve draws
between temperature and the amount of product
per 10 ml of the compound that distillate in the
task