ASD

ASD CALCULATORS
CALCULATORS
for
for Fan
Fan &
& Pump
Pump Applications
Applications
 Comparison of Inlet and Outlet Dampers

Page 2 of 14 Bonneville Power Administration Revision No. 1

 Comparison of Inlet and Outlet Dampers

Page 3 of 14 Bonneville Power Administration Revision No. 1

 Fan Drives Power Graphs

Eddy Current Drive Fan Flow Control Adjustable Speed Drive Fan Flow Control
120.0 120.00

104.4 102.93
100.0 100.00

% of Design Input Power (kW)

% of Design Input Power (kW)

89.6

80.0 80.00 79.50

75.7

62.8
60.0 60.00 59.75

51.1

40.7
43.46
40.0 40.00
32.0
30.38
25.0
20.0 20.0 20.00 20.27
16.4 17.0
12.89
8.00
4.75 5.37
0.0 0.00
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
% of Design CFM % of Design CFM or % of Full Speed RPM

The power curves above are used in the energy savings analysis. Curves developed from data obtained by measuring the operating characteristics of various fan systems and from
information provided in "Flow Control", a Westinghouse publication, Bulletin B-851, F/86/Rev-CMS 8121. Curves are representative, not precise,
final economic analysis should be based on actual power (kW) measurements of the fan system.

Page 4 of 14 Bonneville Power Administration Revision No. 1

 ADJUSTABLE SPEED DRIVE ENERGY SAVINGS CALCULATOR
~ Fan Applications ~

Fan Motor Information

Enter Nameplate Horsepower: 100.00 hp

Enter Nameplate Efficiency: 94.56 %
Enter Motor Load at Fan Design CFM: 78.56 %
Power(kW) at Fan Design CFM: 61.98 KW

Facility Information

Enter Hours per year fan operates: 8760 hrs/yr

Enter Energy Charge: 0.05 $/kwh

Existing Flow Control Method and Fan Type

Select Flow Control and
Fan Type Below Click to go to the Fan Types worksheet for more information
1 Inlet Guide Vane, FC Fans 4 Outlet Damper, FC Fans 7 Selection 7 allows Measured
Power (kW) readings to be used
1 2 Inlet Guide Vane, BI & Airfoil Fans 5 Outlet Damper, BI & Airfoil Fans in the analysis
3 Inlet Damper Box 6 Eddy Current Drives

Duty Cycle Power Analysis Savings Analysis

Existing System ASD System

Enter
Enter Percent of Design Percent of Percent of Annual Energy Annual Energy Cost
Capacity (CFM) Time at this Existing System Do Not Savings (Kwh/yr) Savings ($/yr)
Existing System Design (kW)
Capacity Percent of Enter Data Power (kW) for ASD
ASD System Power (kW)
Design (KW) Below System

0.0% 5.0% 20.00 12.40 5.90 3.66 3,827.60 $ 191.38

10.0% 5.0% 20.64 12.79 4.75 2.94 4,314.46 $ 215.72
20.0% 10.0% 21.57 13.37 5.37 3.33 8,794.78 $ 439.74
30.0% 10.0% 23.32 14.45 8.00 4.96 8,315.66 $ 415.78
40.0% 10.0% 26.44 16.38 12.89 7.99 7,354.41 $ 367.72
50.0% 10.0% 31.45 19.49 20.27 12.56 6,073.93 $ 303.70
60.0% 10.0% 38.92 24.12 30.38 18.83 4,637.09 $ 231.85
70.0% 10.0% 49.36 30.59 43.46 26.93 3,206.77 $ 160.34
80.0% 10.0% 63.33 39.25 59.75 37.03 1,945.83 $ 97.29
90.0% 10.0% 81.37 50.43 79.50 49.27 1,017.16 $ 50.86
100.0% 10.0% 104.01 64.46 102.93 63.80 583.64 $ 29.18
Totals: 100.0% 249,794.11 Kwh/yrexisting 199,722.78 Kwh/yrasd 50,071.33 $ 2,503.57

Sample Duty Cycles (these can be used as a guide if the duty cycle is not known)
Sample Duty Cycle - HIGH FAN LOADING Sample Duty Cycle - LOW FAN LOADING

70 60
55
60
Percent of Time at this Capacity

60
50
Percent of Time at this Capacity

50
40
40
30
25
30
20 20 20
20 15

10
10 5

0 0
30
50 75
Percent of Design Capacity (cfm) 90 Percent of 50 70
Design Capacity (cfm) 90

Summary

Energy Savings: 50,071.33 KWH/yr Enter Labor Cost:

Cost Savings: $ 2,503.57 Total Cost: $ -
Enter Materials Cost: $ - Simple Payback: years

This calculator was developed by Chris Milan at the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) and is intended to be used as an estimation of potential energy savings and simple payback
for ASD installations. Final economic decisions should be based upon more extensive analysis tools than what is provided here.

If you have any questions or comments, please email Chris Milan at the following: cbmilan@bpa.gov
More extensive analysis tools are available at the following DOE web site: http://www.eere.energy.gov/industry
You may download a copy of this calculator at the following BPA web site*: http://www.bpa.gov/energy/N/projects/Industrial/
* This is an Excel 2000 file and is approximately 2.5 MB in size.

Page 5 of 14 Bonneville Power Administration Revision No. 1


(FC) Forward-Curved Fans
The fan blades curve in the direction of rotation. These fans
Descriptions and Fan Efficiencies
are typically not as large as other fan types and structurally
are not very rugged. Fan efficiencies are in the range of 55 to
65%.
The typical performance curve for a Forward Curved fan
contains a dip in the static pressure curve to the left of the
Performance Characteristics
point of maximum static pressure. This region of the
performance curve indicates that the characteristics of the air
flow through the fan was not consistent. As the flow
increases, the static pressure increases and decreases within
this region. It is not recommended to operate the fan within
this unstable region of the fan curve due to the unpredictable
flow characteristics. This area is sometimes referred to as the
"stall" region.
Due to the narrow openings between fan blades, these fans
are not suited for airstreams containing particulate. These
fans usually operate at low volumes and low speeds such as
in residential HVAC units.
Applications
Reference: "Improving Fan System Performance" Industrial Technologies and Best Practices Web Site at: http://www.oit.doe.gov
Page 6 of 14
Common Fan Types
(BI) Backward-Inclined Fans
The fan blades tilt back, away from the direction of rotation.
The main difference between fans in this category is the
shape and construction of the blades. The Backward-Inclined
Flat blades tend to be more rugged and allow some
particulate to pass through but these blades are not very
aerodynamic and therefore are the least efficient. The
Backward-Inclined Curved blades are more efficient but their
orientation with the air stream can allow moisture and
particulate to collect on the blades which reduces fan
performance and may cause excessive vibrations. The
efficiency ranges from 75 to 85%. The Backward-Inclined
Airfoil blade resembles the wing of an aircraft and is the most
efficient fan type with efficiencies over 90%.
The fan performance curve for Backward Inclined fans is
similar to the forward curve but typically has a smaller dip in
the static pressure curve. The major difference of the
backward inclined fans is the characteristics of the BHP curve.
The horsepower curve does not increase to a maximum
amount at maximum flow rate but instead will reach a peak
and then drop off as the flow rate continues to increase to it's
maximum amount. This characteristic allows the designer to
select a motor size for the worst case(design) conditions and if
any errors or changes occur that would increase the flow
requirements, the fan will not be overloaded. This is typically
referred to as a "non-overloading" power curve.
As stated above, these fans are typically "non-overloading"
and this characteristic makes them a popular choice for
applications were the system performance is uncertain at
maximum flow rates. The inside of these blades are usually
hollow to reduce their weight but the build up of moisture and
particulate can lead to cavities which reduces their efficiency.
The narrow openings can limit the size of particulate in the air
stream they can tolerate. These fans are a good choice for
installations on the clean side of the process air stream for
material and dust handling systems and for forced-draft fans
in boilers.
Bonneville Power Administration
Radial-Blade Fans
These fans are typically the most rugged of all types and can
range from Paddle-Wheel design to Flat Blades with corrosion
resistance coatings. These fans usually operate at lower
volumes but higher pressures than other fan types. The wide
openings between the blades allow larger material to pass
through and also minimizes vibrations when operating during
conditions when the flow and pressure drops. The
construction of these fans allows them to be modified to meet
specific applications and to be repaired at minimum costs.
Typical ranges of fan efficiencies for Flat Blades is 55 to 65%
and 60 to 75% for the Radial Tip.
The performance curve for fans with Radial Blade wheels is
typically a smooth curve showing the pressure steadily
dropping from a maximum at zero flow to a minimum pressure
at full flow. This characteristic allows stable operation of the
fan throughout a wide range of flow(cfm) by adjusting the
pressure. The corresponding BHP curve increases at a linear
rate as the fan flow rate increases. The Radial Tip fan
performance curve is a blend of the Backward- Inclined and
Radial Blade curves. The BHP curve increases to a maximum
amount at maximum flow. The Radial Tip is more efficient than
the Radial Blade and therefore requires less horsepower to
produce the same output.
These fans are the fans of choice for moving material or air in
harsh operating environments. They are used to convey
everything from air filled with particulate to wood chips, rock or
metal scrap
Axial Fans
This fan group includes Propeller, Tubeaxial, and Vaneaxial
fans. The fan blades are installed perpendicular to the air
stream. The majority of these fans can be operated in reverse
which allow them to supply or exhaust the air. Propeller fans
generate high airflows but minimum pressure and are the least
expensive and least efficient. To increase the pressure and
efficiency these fans are placed inside a hollow tube to form
the Tubeaxial fan. To further increase the efficiency and
develop a more unified air stream, outlet vanes are installed to
form the Vaneaxial fan.
The fan performance curve for this group of fans indicates that
they are capable of providing high flow rates at lower
pressures than other fan types. These fans will typically have
a unique BHP curve that requires maximum power at zero flow
rate. The horsepower and static pressure will increase and
decrease as flow increases until finally reaching a minimum
value at maximum flow rate. These variations in flow and
pressure result in different flow rates at the same operating
pressure, causing instability and control problems. Operating
within this region should be avoided.
Propeller fans are common on cooling towers and inexpensive
exhaust systems. Tubeaxial and Vaneaxial fans are used in
HVAC exhaust applications were higher pressures and flow
rates are required. All of these fans produce significant airflow
noise when compared to other fans.
Revision No. 1
 % o f D e s i g n In pu t Po w e r (k W )
Inlet Vane Graphs

power curve is over loading.go 105%

Inlet Guide Vane Control, BI & Airfoil Fans
120.0
Inlet Guide Vane Control, Forward Curve Fans
120.0

100.0
104.0
6 100.0 99.8

80.0 81.4

84.6

% of Design Input Power (kW)

80.0
63.3
60.0 73.8
49.4
66.7
62.3
40.0 38.9
60.0 57.4 58.5 59.9
31.5 55.8
23.3
26.4 52.6
21.6
20.0 20.0 20.6
47.3

40.0
0.0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
% of Design CFM

20.0
Inlet Damper Box, General Curve
120.0
0.0
106.7 0 20 40 60
% of Design CFM
80 100 120
100.0
91.9
% of Design Input Power (kW)

80.0 81.2

73.9
69.1
62.2 64.0
66.0
These power curves are used in the energy savings analysis.
60.0 59.8
56.1 Curves developed from data obtained by measuring the operating
50.3
characteristics of various fan systems and from information
40.0 provided in "Flow Control", a Westinghouse publication, Bulletin B-
851, F/86/Rev-CMS 8121. Curves are representative, not precise.
Final economic analysis should be based on actual power(kW)
20.0 measurements of the fan system.

0.0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
% of Design CFM

Page 7 of 14 Bonneville Power Administration Revision No. 1

 Outlet Damper Graphs

Outlet Damper Control, Outlet Damper Control, Radial Blade,

Forward Curve Fans Backward Inclined & Airfoil Fans
120.0 120.0

110.0
105.9
105.2
102.1
100.0 100.0
96.3
90.6
90.0 88.7
% of Design Input Power (kW)

% of Design Input Power (kW)

80.0 80.0 80.2
76.9

71.5
70.0
64.6
63.6
60.0 60.0
57.2
53.8 53.3
52.6
50.0
44.5
40.0 40.0
36.7

30.4 30.0
25.6
22.3
20.0 20.4 20.0

10.0

0.0 0.0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
% of Design CFM % of Design CFM

The power curves above are used in the energy savings analysis. Curves developed from data obtained by measuring the operating characteristics of
various fan systems and from information provided in "Flow Control", a Westinghouse publication, Bulletin B-851, F/86/Rev-CMS 8121. Curves are
representative, not precise, final economic analysis should be based on actual power(kW) measurements of the fan system.

Page 8 of 14 Bonneville Power Administration Revision No. 1

 ADJUSTABLE SPEED DRIVE ENERGY SAVINGS CALCULATOR
~ Fan Applications ~
Motor Information

Enter Nameplate Horsepower: 50.00 hp

Enter Nameplate Efficiency: 95.00 % This Sample Input Sheet is for viewing
This Sample
purposes only. No Input Sheet
values canisbeforinputted
viewingor
Enter Motor Load at Fan Design CFM: 90.00 % purposesItonly. No values
Power(KW) at Fan Design CFM: 35.34 changed. is included herecan be inputted
to give the useror
KW changed. It what
is included here to give
an idea of types of values canthe
beuser
an idea
entered of either
into what types of values
the Fan Calculatorcan or
be
entered
Pump into either theworksheets.
Calculator Fan Calculator or
Facility Information Pump Calculator worksheets.

Enter Hours per year fan operates: 8760 hrs/yr

Enter Energy Charge: 0.05 $/kwh

Flow Control Method and Fan Type

Select Flow Control and
Fan Type Below Click to go to the Fan Types worksheet for more information
1 Inlet Guide Vane, FC Fans 4 Outlet Damper, FC Fans
5 2 Inlet Guide Vane, BI & Airfoil Fans 5 Outlet Damper, BI & Airfoil Fans
3 Inlet Damper, General Curve 6 Eddy Current Drives 7 Measured kW

Duty Cycle Power Analysis Savings Analysis

Existing System ASD System

Enter
Percent of Enter Percent
Annual Energy Annual Energy Cost
Design of Time at Existing Percent of
Do Not Savings (Kwh/Yr) Savings ($/yr)
Capacity this Capacity System Existing Design (KW)
(CFM) Percent of Enter Data System Power for ASD
Design (KW) Below (KW) System ASD System Power (KW)
25.0% 15.0% 54.90 19.40 6.42 2.27 22,511.26 $ 1,125.56
50.0% 55.0% 71.53 25.28 20.27 7.16 87,270.91 $ 4,363.55
70.0% 25.0% 88.71 31.35 43.46 15.36 35,022.55 $ 1,751.13
90.0% 5.0% 102.08 36.07 79.50 28.09 3,494.89 $ 174.74
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Totals: 100.0% 231,719.64 Kwh/yrexisting 83,420.05 Kwh/yrasd 148,299.60 $ 7,414.98

Sample Duty Cycles (use these as a guide if the duty cycle is not known)
Sample Duty Cycle - HIGH FAN LOADING Sample Duty Cycle - LOW FAN LOADING

70 60
55
60
60 50
Percent of Time at this Capacity
Percent of Time at this Capacity

50
40
40
30
25
30
20 20 20
20 15

10
10 5

0 0
50 75
Percent of Design Capacity (cfm) 90 30 Percent of 50
Design Capacity (cfm)70 90

Summary

Energy Savings: (Note 1) 148,299.60 KWH/yr Enter Labor Cost: $ 100,000.00

Cost Savings: $ 7,414.98 Total Cost: $ 100,950.00
Enter Materials Cost: $ 950.00 Simple Payback: 13.61 years

This calculator was developed by Chris Milan at the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) and is intended to be used as an indication of the potential energy savings
and simple payback for ASD installations. If you have any questions or suggestions for improvements, please contact Chris Milan at cbmilan@bpa.gov. More extensive
analysis tools are available at: http://www.eere.energy.gov/industry.

Page 9 of 14 Bonneville Power Administration [Revision No. 1]


Inlet Guide Vanes and
Inlet Dampers
Inlet Guide Vanes are installed across the opening of the fan inlet. By opening and
closing, they vary the amount of air entering the fan and change the profile of the
entering airstream. As the air passes through the vanes it begins to swirl in the
same rotation as the fan impeller, this pre-spinning of the air reduces the momentum
that the fan blades can impact on the entering air and therefore reduces the velocity
and pressure of the discharged air. As the vanes continue to close, this swirling
action increases and continues to decrease the pressure and flow the fan delivers to
the system. The fan horsepower is proportional to the flow and pressure, therefore
the horsepower requirement also decreases. Because the inlet vane opening
affects all three of these fan characteristics, a new fan performance curve is created
whenever the vane position is changed. Inlet control does not affect the system
curve, as vane positions change the fan performance curve rides up and down the
system curve.
Characteristics
Operating
Inlet dampers can be oriented to provide the same affect as inlet guide vanes but
usually are not as effective at inducing the appropriate swirl. The blades typically
operate in parallel with each other. If the inlet dampers are installed too far from the
fan inlet or are not oriented properly, they only serve to restrict the entering airflow.
Inlet Dampers are usually a better choice of flow control than Outlet Dampers
because when properly installed, they allow the fan horsepower to be reduced as
the flow is reduced. Inlet Guide Vanes usually provide more accurate control of fan
performance than Inlet Dampers. Inlet Guide Vanes are an efficient method for
controlling flow rates down to approximately 70% of capacity. This would
correspond to a vane position of approximately 50% closed. If the desired fan flow
rate requires that the vanes be closed more than 50%, adjustable speed drives
Disadvantages
Advantages/
usually provide more efficient controllability by reducing the fan speed rather than
continuing to restrict the fan inlet with the guide vanes.
Reference: "Improving Fan System Performance" Industrial Technologies and Best Practices Web Site at: http://www.oit.doe.gov
Page 10 of 14
TYPES OF AIRFLOW CONTROL
Outlet
Dampers
Outlet dampers do not change the characteristics of the entering airstream. Outlet
dampers control flowrate by restricting the amount of air being discharged. This
restriction allows the air flow rate to be varied the same way a discharge throttle
valve adjusts the volume of flow out of a pump. The resistance of flow through the
system increases as the flow(cfm) of air increases. This relationship is shown
graphically by plotting the flow and corresponding resistance(pressure) to generate
the system resistance curve. When the system curve and fan performance curve are
shown on the same graph, the intersection of these two curves defines a unique
point of operation. When the fan is installed in this particular system and operates at
this flow rate, it will produce this pressure. The fan can only operate as shown by it's
performance curve, for a given pressure it will provide a unique flow or vice versa.
With outlet damper control, any new operating point is achieved by adjusting the
characteristics of the system curve, not the fan performance curve. For example, in
order to reduce the fan flow rate, as the outlet dampers begin to close, the system's
resistance(pressure) increases and shifts the system curve upward until it intersects
the fan performance curve to define a new operating point of increased pressure
and reduced flow.
Dampers are an efficient method of fully open/closed flow control such as exhaust
air or outside air intakes. Outlet dampers are the least efficient method of variable
flow control. In order for the fan to compensate for this increase in system pressure
when the dampers begin to close, it has to move to the left up along the
performance curve to the higher operating pressure. For the majority of fans, as you
continue to restrict flow and increase pressure, the fan operates in the least efficient
and unstable region of the fan performance curve. Operating at higher system
pressures than necessary to reduce the flow rate not only wastes energy but
increases the air leakage throughout the system. Depending upon the variation in
flow rates required by the system, inlet guide vanes or adjustable speed drives may
provide more energy efficient flow control.
Bonneville Power Administration
Adjustable
Speed-Drives
Adjustable Speed Drives(ASDs) control the flowrate by electronically adjusting the
speed of the motor driving the fan or pump. Similar to Inlet Guide Vanes, as the
speed is reduced, the flowrate, pressure and horsepower requirement is reduced
which results in a new performance curve for each speed setting. With ASDs, as
speed is reduced the horsepower requirement is decreased according to the affinity
laws within a squared to cubic relationship depending upon the amount of static
pressure and how the system responds to changes in flow and pressure. A system
containing static head and in which small increases in flow result in large pressure
drops will have a system curve that rises steeply. By plotting this system curve and a
system curve that does not rise steeply onto the same fan or pump performance
curves at various speeds, one can see the following relationship. That for the same
reduction in flow rate, the system curve that rises steeply will require more speed
reductions to obtain this reduced flow and therefore the greater the opportunity for
energy savings.
In determining the appropriate application of an ASD, the entire system should be
evaluated. For example, if the fan or pump and electric motor is oversized, further
reductions in operating speed could result in significant reductions in motor efficiency
as well as the efficiencies of the fan, pump. In some cases the motor can be re-
sheaved to confirm energy savings and system response to reduced speeds prior to
purchasing the drive.
ASDs are an excellent choice of flow control if the system allows the fan or pump to
operate at reduced flow rates and loads for a significant portion of the operating time.
The ASDs provide quick and accurate adjustments to flow rate and pressure as
required to maintain set point. Another advantage of ASD control is their soft starting
capabilities which reduces the high in-rush currents at start-up. Operating at reduced
speeds can increase the equipment life, reduce vibrations and noise. For fan
applications were the flow rate does not vary significantly, inlet guide vanes may be a
better choice of control. ASDs are not 100% efficient, therefore operating the motor at
full speed with the ASD will increase the input power due to the inefficiency of the
drive. ASDs typically require that they be placed in a clean, conditioned environment
which could result in high installation costs.
Revision No. 1
 Pump Drives Power Graphs

Eddy Current Drive Pump Flow Control ASD Pump Flow Control
120.00 120.00
104.45
100.00 100.00
102.79
% of Design Input Power (kW)

% of Design Input Power (kW)

89.64

80.00 80.00 79.40

75.69

62.77
60.00 60.00 59.53
51.06

43.19
40.00 40.75
40.00
32.01
30.37
25.03
20.00 16.40 17.04
19.98 20.00 21.07
14.32 13.05 15.30

0.00 0.00
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110

% of Design Flow (gpm) % of Design Flow (gpm) or % of Full Speed(rpm)

Mechanical Speed Pump Flow Control

120

104.88
100
These power curves are used in the energy savings analysis.
% of Design Input Power (kW)

96.29

86.46 Curves developed from data obtained by measuring the operating

80 characteristics of various pumps and from information provided in
75.81
"Flow Control", a Westinghouse publication, Bulletin B-851,
64.76
60 F/86/Rev-CMS 8121. Curves are representative, not precise, final
53.72 economic analysis should be based on actual power(kW)
43.12 measurements of the pumping system.
40
33.38
24.92
20 18.16
13.51

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
% of Design Flow (gpm)
Values used in spreadsheet

Page 11 of 14 Bonneville Power Administration Revision No. 1

 ADJUSTABLE SPEED DRIVE ENERGY SAVINGS CALCULATOR
~ Pump Applications ~
Pump Motor Information

Enter Nameplate Horsepower: 100.00 hp

Enter Nameplate Efficiency: 95.00 %
Enter Motor Load at Pump Design GPM: 80.00 %
Enter Power(KW) at Pump Design GPM: 62.82 KW

Facility Information

Enter Hours per year pump operates: 4000 hrs/yr

Enter Energy Charge: 0.05 $/kwh

Existing Pump Flow Control Method

Select Flow Control
Method Below Click to go to Pump Power Graphs for additional information
1 Throttling Valve 4 Bypass, Recirculation Valve
1 2 Eddy Current Clutch 5 Selection 5 allows Measured Power (kW) readings to be used
3 Mechanical (Torque Converter)

Duty Cycle Power Analysis Savings Analy

Existing System ASD System

Enter Percent Enter
of Design Percent of Existing Percent of Annual Energy
Capacity Time at this Do Not Existing Savings (Kwh/yr)
System Design (kW) ASD System Power
(GPM) Capacity Enter Data System Power
Percent of for ASD (kW)
Below (kW)
Design (KW) System

0.0% 5.0% 55.21 34.69 27.45 17.24 3,488.44

10.0% 5.0% 61.39 38.57 19.12 12.01 5,310.66
20.0% 10.0% 67.19 42.21 14.32 9.00 13,284.77
30.0% 10.0% 72.61 45.62 13.05 8.20 14,967.19
40.0% 10.0% 77.65 48.78 15.30 9.61 15,668.60
50.0% 10.0% 82.31 51.71 21.07 13.24 15,388.99
60.0% 10.0% 86.59 54.40 30.37 19.08 14,128.38
70.0% 10.0% 90.49 56.85 43.19 27.13 11,886.75
80.0% 10.0% 94.01 59.06 59.53 37.40 8,664.10
90.0% 10.0% 97.15 61.03 79.40 49.88 4,460.44
100.0% 10.0% 99.91 62.77 102.79 64.58 -724.23
Totals: 100.0% 207,619.56 Kwh/yr existing 101,095.47 Kwh/yr asd 106,524.09
P erc ent o f T ime at this C ap acity

P erce nt o f T ime at this C ap acity

Sample Duty Cycles (these can be used as a guide if the duty cycle is not known)
Sample Duty Cycle - HIGH PUMP LOADING Sample Duty Cycle - LOW PUMP LOADING

70 60
55
60
60 50

50
40

40
30
25
30

20 20 20
20 15

10
10

0 0
50 75
Percent of Design Capacity (gpm) 90 30 50 Design Capacity (gpm)
Percent of 70

Summary

Energy Savings: 106,524.09 KWH/yr Labor Cost: $ -

Cost Savings: $ 5,326.20 Total Cost: $ -
Materials Cost: $ - Simple Payback:

This calculator was developed by Chris Milan at the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) and is intended to be used as an estimation of potential energy s
simple payback for ASD installations. Final economic decisions should be based upon more extensive analysis tools than what is provided here.

If you have any questions or comments, please email Chris Milan at the following: cbmilan@bpa.gov
More extnesive analysis tools are available at the following DOE web site: http://www.eere.energy.gov/industry
You may download a copy of this calculator at the following BPA web site*: http://www.bpa.gov/energy/N/projects/I
* This is an Excel 2000 file and is approximately 2.5 MB in size.

Page 12 of 14 Bonneville Power Administration Revision No. 1

 ADJUSTABLE SPEED DRIVE ENERGY SAVINGS CALCULATOR
~ Pump Applications ~
Motor Information

ity Information

p Flow Control Method

k to go to Pump Power Graphs for additional information

Selection 5 allows Measured Power (kW) readings to be used in the analysis

Savings Analysis

Annual Energy Cost

Savings ($/yr)

174.42
265.53
664.24
748.36
783.43
769.45
706.42
594.34
433.21
223.02
-36.21
$ 5,326.20
P erce nt o f T ime at this C ap acity

used as a guide if the duty cycle is not known)

Sample Duty Cycle - LOW PUMP LOADING

60
55

50

40

30
25

20
15

10
5

0
30 50 Design Capacity (gpm)
Percent of 70 90

Summary

years

tion (BPA) and is intended to be used as an estimation of potential energy savings and
upon more extensive analysis tools than what is provided here.

cbmilan@bpa.gov
http://www.eere.energy.gov/industry
http://www.bpa.gov/energy/N/projects/Industrial/

Page 13 of 14 Bonneville Power Administration Revision No. 1

 Throttle Valve Power Graphs

% of Design (kW)
Constant Recirculation, Bypass Control 125.00 Throttling Valve Flow Control
105

100 100.00 99.91

97.15
94.01
90.49
86.59
82.31
% of Design (kW)

77.65
95 75.00 72.61
67.19

90 50.00

85 25.00

80 0.00
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
% of Design Flow (gpm) % of Design Flow (gpm)

The power curves above are used in the energy savings analysis. Curves developed from data obtained by measuring the operating
characteristics of various pumps and from information provided in "Flow Control", a Westinghouse publication, Bulliten B-851, F/86/Rev-
CMS 8121. Curves are representative, not precise, final economic analysis should be based on actual power (kW) measurements of the
pumping system.

Page 14 of 14 Bonneville Power Administration Revision No. 1