Autora INGLS III

AUTORA INGLS III

Administracin

(MDULO 1)

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ESTRUCTURA TEMTICA

1) ADJECTIVES

a. Comparatives

b. Superlatives

2) ADVERBIAL PHRASES Module 1

a. Adverbial phrases of time

b. Adverbial phrases of place

3) ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY

4) ARTICLES

a. Indefinite

b. Definite

5) EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY

a. Countable and uncountable nouns

b. Much and many

6) FUTURE TIME

a. Will

b. Be going to

7) GERUNDS

8) GOING TO

9) IMPERATIVES

10) MODALS: CAN AND COULD

11) MODALS: HAVE TO

12) MODALS: SHOULD

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1. ADJECTIVES

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Whats an adjective?
An adjective is a word that describes or clarifies a noun. Adjectives describe nouns by
giving some information about an objects size, shape, age, color, origin or material.
Examples
This company has an incredible supply source.
The Supply management chain is strategically great

Aspect of adjectives
Many English adjectives end with these suffixes, look at the following chart:
-able/-ible adorable, invisible, responsible,
uncomfortable
-al educational, gradual, illegal, nocturnal, viral
-an American, Mexican, urban
-ar cellular, popular, spectacular, vulgar
-ent intelligent, potent, silent, efficient
-ful harmful, powerful, tasteful, thoughtful
-ic/-ical scientific, technical
-ine bovine, canine, equine, feminine, masculine
-ile agile
-ive informative, talkative
-less careless, endless, timeless
-ous cautious, dangerous, enormous
-some awesome, lonesome, wholesome

Many adjectives also end with -y, -ary and -ate, but lots of nouns and adverbs also end
with -y, lots of nouns also end with -ary, and lots of nouns and verbs also end with -ate,
so be careful with those.

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1.1 COMPARATIVES

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We can use adjectives in order to compare things.

Examples
This years inventory is bigger than last years
Our new dispatcher feels more secure about the job than yesterday.

There are certain rules we need to take into account when comparing in English:
One-syllable adjectives
When you have one-syllable adjectives, to create the comparative form we add ER to
the adjective:
Examples
This years inventory is bigger than last years inventory.
Manufacturing is slower than it is supposed to be.

Note: if the one-syllable adjective has the consonant-vowel-consonant pattern. You

double the last consonant and add er

Examples
The old machine is hotter than the new one
This years inventory is bigger than last years inventory.

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1.2 USE OF THAN:

IMPORTANT NOTE: You need to take into account we use the word THAN is to
establish correct and more complete comparisons.

Examples

The supply analyst is stricter than the former one.

The company provisions need to be more distributed than our competitors

Irregular one-syllable adjectives

There are some irregular one-syllable adjectives; we will study the most important ones:
ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE FORM
Good Better
Bad Worse

DO NOT USE
gooder
badder
Examples
.
The end goal of our companys supply service is to become better than our
competitors.
Last year, the company provision was worse than this year.

As we see, good and bad are irregular one-syllable adjectives because they have their
own specific comparative forms which are better and worse.

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Two-syllable adjectives ending in y

When you have two-syllable adjectives ending in y, you must change y to ier.

Examples
This business administration director seems to be happier than others.
The meeting room is messier than the rest of the rooms.

Other two-syllable adjectives

Some two syllable adjectives use more with the unchanged adjective

Examples
The staff is getting more boring than our previous staff.
The calculation of needs should be more careful than last term.

Adjectives with three or more syllables

Adjectives with three or more syllables use more with the unchanged adjective.

Example

Our purchases are more difficult than two years ago

The new storage planning is more interesting than the one we had last year.

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2. SUPERLATIVES
In this part, we will continue talking about adjectives and we will learn about
superlatives!!

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2.1 SUPERLATIVES

Superlative adjectives are used to say what thing, person, or idea has the most of a
particular quality within a group or of its kind.

Example
In this company we have the greatest dispatch in the city.
We always worry about having the best stock inventory in the company.

Rules
There are certain rules you need to consider when using superlatives

One-syllable adjectives
With one-syllable adjectives, we simply add the definite article THE before the adjective
and we add the particle EST to the adjective.

Example
Our procurement is the quickest of all the market.
The supply manager is the brightest in the company.

Note: if the one-syllable adjective has the consonant-vowel-consonant pattern. You add
THE before the adjective as mentioned above, and you double the last consonant and
add EST.

Examples
The supply manager is the thinnest in the company.
The flow of materials is the biggest since the company started.

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2.2 USE OF DEFINITE ARTICLE:

To make correct superlatives, we need to take into account the use of the definite article
THE before the adjective. If we dont use this definite article the sentence wont be
correct.

Irregular one syllable adjectives

As we mentioned before in the comparative section. The words GOOD and BAD are
irregular adjectives because they have their own specific comparative form.
This phenomenon also occurs in the superlative context:

Adjective Superlative
Good The best
Bad The worst

Examples

This is the best company to avoid delays and stoppages.

Our competitors have the worst waste disposal systems in the city

As you can see, the adjective GOOD has its superlative form THE BEST; and the
adjective BAD has its superlative form THE WORST.

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Two- syllable adjectives ending in y

When you have two-syllable adjectives ending in y, you must add the definite article
THE before the adjective and change y to iest.

Examples
Acquisition is the easiest process to get new things that will improve our
company.
We were the luckiest among the group to get the contract management.

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Other two-syllable adjectives

Some two syllable adjectives use THE MOST with the unchanged adjective.

Examples
Our offer-evaluation process is the most advanced in the market.
The customer waiting room is the most crowded of all the rooms here.

Adjectives with three or more syllables

Adjectives with three or more syllables use THE MOST with the unchanged adjective.

Examples
We are the most responsible company at delivering on time.
This is the most important reception process we have ever had.

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3. ADVERBIAL PHRASES

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3.1 Whats an adverbial phrase?

Its a PHRASE composed by one or two words that modify a verb, expressing place,
time or frequency.

Examples
Our supplies are taking too much time to arrive!

3.2 Types of adverbial phrases.

There are many types of adverbial phrases, but we will work with three types: adverbial
phrases of time, place and frequency.

3.2.1 Adverbial Phrases of Time

An adverbial phrase of time says when something happens or how often.

Examples
I'll do it in a minute.
After the meeting, the director and staff will leave the premises.

More examples of adverbial phrases of time: In an hour, Any time, Before next week,
After they go to bed, Never at midnight, After the sunset, Only two days ago

3.2.2 Adverbial Phrases of Place

An adverbial phrase of place states where something happens.

Examples
I used to work in a multi-business company. You couldn't park anywhere near
the place.
The Business software is running in the back of the office.

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More examples of adverbial phrases of place: At the corner, in the back, through the
looking glass, Over the table, under the desk, around the office.

3.2.3 Adverbial Phrases of frequency

An adverbial phrase of frequency describes how often an action happens.

Examples
Theyre trying to improve our requirements definition every day.
Every week, we decide who stays in or who leaves the business project.

More examples of adverbial phrases of frequency: every morning, every afternoon,

every day, every week, every month, every year, every Sunday, on Sundays, once a
day, twice a day, three / four / five times a day

IMPORTANT NOTE: WORD ORDER: The adverbial phrases of frequency and time
can be placed at the beginning or at the end of a sentence.
The adverbial phrases of place are commonly placed at the end of a sentence

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4. ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY

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An adverb is ONE WORD that gives a description of an action. We use some adverbs
to describe how frequently we do an activity.

These are called adverbs of frequency:

Adverb of
Frequency Example Sentence
Frequency

I always do the order purchase selection before

100% always
11pm.
90% usually We usually have a good continuity of supply.
80% normally / generally I normally check the supply needs
70% often* / frequently I often revise for more fair prices
50% sometimes I sometimes get a good storage service
30% occasionally I occasionally eat at home
I seldom read the new acquisition reports of the
10% seldom
company
5% hardly ever / rarely I hardly ever stay late.
0% never I never do inventory control. Its not my job.

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THE POSITION OF THE ADVERB IN A SENTENCE

An adverb of frequency goes before a main verb (except with To Be).

Subject + adverb + main verb

I always remember to do data collection.

He normally gets good outcomes.

An adverb of frequency goes after the verb To Be.

Subject + to be + adverb

They are never pleased to see me.

She isn't usually bad tempered.

When we use an auxiliary verb (have, will, must, might, could, would, can, etc.), the
adverb is placed between the auxiliary and the main verb. This is also true for to be

Subject + auxiliary + adverb + main verb

She can sometimes let me work at the office.

I would hardly ever be unkind to someone.
They might never read the supply report again.
They could occasionally be heard working hard.

We can also use the following adverbs at the start of a sentence:

Usually, normally, often, frequently, sometimes, occasionally

Occasionally, I like to eat at the office.

BUT we cannot use the following at the beginning of a sentence:

Always, seldom, rarely, hardly ever, never.

We use hardly ever and never with positive, not negative verbs:

She hardly ever comes to my parties.

They never say 'thank you'.

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For practicing what you studied here, go back to the folder

Material de Estudio and do the corresponding exercise
of the word document.

You can share your practice in the Collaborative Forum

and also with your teacher.

After reviewing this material, go to the folder Actividades

Evaluables and present the assignments according to
theirs deadlines.

Thanks! Any questions, please contact me.

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