Nail polish
to suppress cracking or flaking. Nail polish
(history)
Nail polish originated in China, and its use dates
back to 3000 BC. Around 600 BC, during the Zhou
dynasty, the royal house preferred the colors gold
and silver. However, red and black eventually
replaced these metallic colors as royal favorites.
During the Ming dynasty, nail polish was often
made from a mixture that included beeswax, egg
whites, gelatin, vegetable dyes, and gum Arabic.
In Egypt, the lower classes wore pale colors,
whereas high society painted their nails a reddish
brown, with henna. It was also known that
mummified pharaohs would have their nails
painted by henna. By the turn of the ninth
century, nails were tinted with scented red oils,
and polished or buffed. In the nineteenth and
early twentieth centuries, people preferred a
polished rather than a painted look by mixing
tinted powders and creams into their nails, then
buffing them until shiny. One type of polishing
product sold around this time was Graf's Hyglo
nail polish paste. Nail polish consists of a film-
forming polymer dissolved in a volatile organic
solvent. Nitrocellulose that is dissolved in butyl
acetate or ethyl acetate is common.
Nail polish (also known as nail varnish) is a
lacquer that can be applied to the human
fingernails or toenails to decorate and protect the
nail plates. The formulation has been revised
repeatedly to enhance its decorative effects and
consists of a solution of an organic polymer and
other components.
History (foot spa) Foot massage, also known as
reflexology, is based on a Chinese theory dating
back 5,000 years. According to the ancient Taoist
belief, zones on the feet correspond to areas of
the body, and by manipulating specific foot points
one can improve health through better energy
flow. Improved energy flow leads to serenity, well-
being, and better health. By first soaking the feet
in warm water, the reflexology points are
stimulated, allowing for improved blood flow,
comfort, and peace of mind. Throughout the
venerable history of Chinese health beliefs, feet
have been considered the "second heart." The
burden placed on the feet is said to lead to poor
circulation, sometimes reflected in cold hands and
feet. The warmth of foot soaking and the soothing
manipulation of the feet improve circulation and
energy, resulting in better circulation to organs. In
turn, this leads to ercongmuming, or greater
spiritual and physical well-being.
In modern societies, stresses such as air
conditioning, poor diet, and uncomfortable shoes
may lead to poor energy flow. But regular foot
massage restores the proper flow and enhances
well-being. Foot massage is a wonderful
complement to, but not a substitute for,
conventional medicine. Be sure to visit a doctor if
you suspect you suffer from an illness. Working
together, East and West can bring you comfort,
good health, and tranquility.Over many centuries,
the popularity of Chinese foot massage has
spread throughout Asia. More recently it has
become popular in the United States as people
have discovered that it is the economical way to
feel better and preserve body and mind. We invite
you to share in the benefits of Chinese foot
massage. form Table.
Foot Spa
is a great way to help you pamper yourself
after a stress-filled day, as it improves the process
of reflexology, which can benefit your entire body.
History (hair spa)
Paul began his hairdressing career in 1988
at Vidal Sassoon in Manchester. It was this training
that instilled a passion for precision, clean cuts
and classical design as well as a desire to be
challenged. Paul knew he wanted to create a
business where, over time, he could develop his
own unique band of hairdressing. Thus in 1999,
Paul Knights Cutting Specialist, a bijou salon,
opened for business.
After a couple of years, the salon needed to
expanded and it became a busy operation that
enabled two successful apprenticeships.
Recognising the privilege of guiding new talent
and the inspiration that this brings, in 2008 the
business was expanded once again. Paul Knights
Hair Spa provided an open, airy salon and
incorporated an academy over three floors.
Hair Spa
Hair spa is a new concept for hair rebirth.
Hair Spa is a therapy that is essential in
maintaining a healthy hair growth. It is basically a
procedure that helps to make your hair strong,
bouncy and shiny, while simultaneously helps to
deal with dandruff, damaged, and fall control.
Makeup (background)
In Greek and Roman theatre, makeup was
unnecessary. Actors wore various masks, allowing
them to portray another gender, age, or entirely
different likeness.Thespis, considered to be the
first actor, used white lead and wine to paint his
face. In medieval Europe, actors altered their
appearances by painting their faces a different
color. Performers who portrayed God painted their
faces white or gold; actors playing angels painted
their faces red. During the Renaissance, actors
were creative and resourceful when making-over
their faces. They used lamb's wool for false beards
and flour as face paint.
 Advancements in stage lighting technology
required stage makeup to evolve beyond one
over-all face color to a multidimensional craft.
Originally, theatres used candles and oil lamps;
these two sources of light were dim and allowed
for crude, unrealistic makeup applications. Once
gas lighting, limelight and electric light were
introduced to theatres, a need emerged for new
makeup materials and more skillful application
techniques. In 1873, Ludwig Leichner, a
Wagnerian opera singer, began commercially
producing a non-toxic greasepaint stick, easing
the application of makeup.
Light Makeup
Make-up like a second skin! The innovative
High Definition Foundation is ultra-light and
creamy and perfectly adapts itself to the skin,
blending with it. Good coverage and transparency
are not opposites anymore! The particular
formulation of pigments create the effect of
smooth, perfect skin by scattering the light
widely, creating a fine, well-proportioned light veil.
Wrinkles, bumps and dark shadows disappear and
the skin looks flawless, fresh and radiant in any
light - whether in the candlelight or sunlight. Also
the feeling when applied, thanks to the unique
pigments coated with silicone is wonderful.
Theatrical makeup
refers to makeup that is used to assist in
creating the appearance of the characters that
actors portray during a theater production.
Stage makeup
is the key component to a successful
performance. Theatre is the earliest form of
entertainment, dating back to the Greeks in B.C.
Even with strong competition from new
technology and similar styles of amusement, such
as television and film, theatre has remained
popular. As the times have changed, so have the
stage and the costumes. The experience of a live
audience and live performers is what creates the
exciting element that drives us to experience this
pleasure. The stage makeup is a major piece of
the puzzle in ensuring the unique experience
theatre provides.
Guide Questions:
What is hand and foot
spa?
A hand spa can help remove dead skin cells and
callous. This procedure is done by a professional
therapist in a cheap spa days center. Furthermore,
a hand spa is recommended to those people who
are in the field of music and sports, such as a As a part of your personal hygiene, as well as to
guitarist, bodybuilder, and bowler. Callous appear
keep your feet feeling soft, smooth and supple, it
on their hands because of the constant friction of
their skin to the materials they use. helps to get foot spa and experience the benefits
Hand spa is a treatment performed by it offers. Moreover, it helps to unwind and have
professionally trained staff. This treatment is done some time for yourself, which you deserve after
to replenish, restore and rejuvenate naturally tired hours of working or dealing with stress.
hands using. It is adviced to used only the finest
and signature products to see and feel the best
results. Hence, it can be therapeutic for you to discover
Our feet are most likely the abused part of the for yourself the amazing foot spa benefits to your
body, and are less taken care of. Majority of us health. It is even better if you can get a top
does not give that much attention to our feet quality and portable device, so you can enjoy
compare to other parts of our body. Reason
having professional foot spa treatment at the
behind that is that we always think we can always
wear shoes to cover them up, right? But mind you, comfort of your own home.
having healthy feet promotes healthy lifestyle and
of course, a healthy hygiene and a well rounded Foot reflexology, for instance, incorporates the
well-being. application of pressure on certain points located
There is nothing better giving ourselves a treat, on the feet, which help stimulate balance of
time to relax and give our feet the utmost care energies in corresponding parts of the body.
they deserve. Besides, they carry our weight as
we carry our daily tasks. They also deserve to be
pampered once in a while. What are the different
One thing our feet love the most is giving them a
foot spa. You can go to spa centers or you can do
foot spa at home. You don't need expensive foot
shapes of the face?
spa products; you just need the right product that
Oblong Face Dos and Donts
will not irritate your skin.

What are the benefits Dos -

of foot spa? Fringe/Bangs - A brow-skimming full fringe will make the

face appear shorter and add width.
 Side Bangs - A sweeping side fringe is also a great choice The forehead is rounded.
for oblong shapes, they'll instantly disguise a
long forehead. The jawline is full and rounded, no angles or points.

Bob - Chin length bobs such as the graduated bob are The widest point is the cheeks.
ideal because they'll add width to the sides of the face.

Wavy/Curly - When styling opt for beach waves or curls

Square face shape characteristics -
the texture will soften the sides of a oblong shape and
make the face appear wider.

Layers - On medium to long hair add choppy, textured
layers the shortest layer should be in line with your ears to
create width.
Side Parting - Side partings are the best option for a
oblong face shape they'll instantly disguise the length of
the face.
The length and width of the face is equal in size.
The sides of the face are straight.
The jaw is board and noticeably square shaped.
The chin is usually flat rather than pointed.
The cheeks are the widest point.

Donts -

Heart Face Shape Characteristics -

One Length - Avoid one length hairstyles with no layers,
it'll only add to the length of the face.

The face is longer than it is wider.

Height/Body - Height and body added to the crown area
will emphasise the length of a oblong face shape. The forehead is the widest part of the face.

Centre Partings - A centre is a big no no for a oblong The sides of the cheeks taper down into the jawline.
face shape it will add length to a already long face shape
The chin is narrow and pointed.

Round face shape characteristics - There may be a widows peak.

The forehead and jawline are roughly the same width.

Oval Face Shape Characteristics -

The face is slightly longer then it is wide.
The forehead is slightly broader than the jawline.
The jawline is rounded with no harsh lines.
The widest point is the cheeks.
The face resembles a inverted egg.
Diamond face shape characteristics -
The face is longer than it is wider.
The forehead and jawline are similar in width.
The jawline is long and tapers into a pointed chin.
The cheeks are the widest part.
The cheeks are high.
What are the different
purpose of facial make-
up?
The main objective of makeup application is to
emphasize ones good facial features and
minimize less attractive features. Since each
person has unique features, there is no one ideal
way to apply makeup. Applying cosmetics is an
art. Anyone can put makeup on themselves and
make the application look okay, but we will teach
you tips for applying makeup to perfect your look.
A professional make-over performed by an
esthetician or make-up artist is the best way to
learn how to apply makeup in a manner that will
best suit your needs. The esthetician will carefully
analyze your facial features. Then she will teach
you how to apply makeup in order to best
accentuate your positive attributions and
minimize your negative ones.
What are the different
types of hair?
There are three types of hair:
* African Caribbean
* Asian
* Caucasian (European)
African Caribbean
Usually very tightly curled and often very dark,
African Caribbean hair is almost kidney shaped
when seen in cross section.
African Caribbean hair is easily damaged. Take
care when using treatments, particularly chemical
treatments.
Asian
Asian hair is often straight and has a tendency to
be lank. It varies in colour from very dark to
medium brown and can be thick and very strong.
In cross section, it is round.
If you cut Asian hair very short, it can stand
straight out from the head.
Caucasian
Caucasian or European hair can be straight, wavy
or curly. It varies in colour from very dark brown to
light blonde. In cross section, European hair is
oval.
Texture
Hair can be:
* fine
* medium
* coarse
When we refer to hair as being 'fine', 'medium' or
'coarse', we mean that each hair is fine, medium
or coarse. The texture of hair is determined by its
circumference and the condition of the cuticle.
Fine hair has a small circumference and a closed
cuticle, coarse hair has a much larger
circumference and the cuticle will be more open.
This will lead to the hair being more porous.
The texture of hair can determine what looks you
are able to achieve. If hair is naturally coarse or if
it appears to be coarse because the cuticle is
open and damaged, you will not be able to
successfully achieve a smooth look.
The texture of hair can vary significantly
according to hair colour and racial type (see also
How hair grows).
What are some
common hair
problems and how can
they be remedied?
Hair loss (alopecia) is a frequent concern for both
men and women, although it is normal to shed
some hair each day. People who experience more
than normal hair loss may have the inherited
tendency to "common baldness." Male pattern
baldness is the most common cause of hair loss in
men, with a receding hair line and baldness on the
top of the head. Women may develop female
pattern baldness in which the hair becomes thin
over the entire scalp. Sudden and temporary loss
of a large amount of hair may be related to the
stress of an illness or recent delivery of a baby
(telogen effluvium). Alopecia areata causes hair
loss in small, round patches while tight elastics or
braids may cause hair loss at the hairline (traction
alopecia). Certain diseases (eg, thyroid problems,
diabetes, and lupus), medicines, or poor nutrition
may also cause hair loss.
Infections of the scalp include bacterial infection
of hair follicles (folliculitis), infestation of head lice
(pediculosis capitis), and fungal infection of scalp
ringworm (tinea capitis). Itching and excessive
flaking of the scalp is seen with both dandruff
(seborrheic dermatitis) and psoriasis.
Introduction
For generations, personal
grooming has been part of our lives. Many
part of the world from different cultures
showed evidence of personal grooming in
their ancient lives and is now with the
modern ages. This scrapbook provides
information to the following personal
grooming: Hair spa, Nail Polish, Foot Spa
and Makeup. This scrapbook features
information of the background of each type
and compilation of documentation and
pictures on when we had done the
particular activity.
ACKNOWLEDGE
MENT
I acknowledge the hard
works of our adviser, Ms. Leonor Garcia for
guiding us in our project. Thank you also
for the moral support of our parents in the
midst of making this project. Also, we
thank each other for cooperating and for
contributing in this project. Thank you Ms.
Garcia for giving us this opportunity to
show our talents in the different aspects of
TLE. We hope to attain additional
knowledge in lieu of making this portfolio.
DEDICATION
We dedicate this portfolio to the
ones who need the knowledge in hair spa,
foot spa, make-up and etc. To the ones
wholl gather research about these topics,
they can surely resent on reading this
portfolio, for additional facts. We dedicate
this project to the future pupils that are to
be handled by Ms. Garcia. To Ms. Leonor
Garcia, we are truly grateful for the things
youve thought us. Thank you for all your
effort on teaching us despite of us, being
stubborn sometimes. That sums up all of it.
REFLECTI
ON
Its not that easy to do
the activities. Its not enough just to give
minimal effort in doing this kind of stuff.
You must exert all your efforts so that the
project/activity will be successful. But we
enjoyed doing all these kind of stuff
because we also had a bonding time in
our section. It developed our closeness
with each other. You have to follow every
given instruction so that itll be successful.
In applying nail polish, you should be
artistic so that your customer will be
satisfied with your work. To sum it all up,
all these activities can do something for
our future. In lieu of all the things that
weve done, we thank our adviser for
handling us, most especially, and for
making us do such things, for itll also help
us in the future.