Outline of Body Paragraphs

This outline is designed to help you organize your body paragraphs before you begin
writing. (FYI..this is part of the drafting process; therefore, it is process work to be
turned in with the final product.)

Per the directions, you must have 12 citations in your paper with a mix of quotations,
paraphrases, and summaries.

Begin by clearly stating your position/thesis for the whole paper.

Thesis:
EX: Cyber-bullying exists in todays society.

Topic for Body Paragraph 1: (in support of your thesis)

EX: emotional damage

Topic Sentence for Body Paragraph 1: (connected to thesis and topic)

EX: Cyberbullying causes a great deal of emotional trauma for kids.

Evidence 1 for Topic Quotation/Paraphrase/Summary Citation

of Body Paragraph 1

Type of source: As a result of social medial, many naive people ( Bargeron 297)
EX: Book have put very personal information on the web,
and that information has led to incidents of Source Citation (MLA
stalking. Some women have been assaulted 7th Edition)
by strangers as a result, and others have been
bullied by people they know. "Cyberspace Culture."
American Decades:
Because intimate personal information was 2000-2009. Ed. Eric
routinely shared, and online activity could
Bargeron and James F.
easily be kept secret, unwanted online
attention sometimes had real-life Tidd, Jr. Detroit: Gale,
consequences. Several high-profile cases of 2011. 295-298. Gale
Internet stalking and bullying gained media Virtual Reference
attention. So-called cyber-stalkers were
Library. Web. 4 Feb.
arrested for assaulting young women they had
initially contacted through social-networking 2016.
sites, and many students suffered online
attacks from classmates in a phenomenon
termed cyberbullying.

Evidence 2 Quotation/Paraphrase/Summary Citation

Type of source: Two Virginia Tech college students have (Spencer )
EX: newspaper been arrested in the murder of a 13 year old
girl whom they met and stalked on the New York Times FEB. 1,
internet. The 13 year old complained that 2016
she hated school because she was bullied
for her looks. Having received a liver
transplant, she had a tracheotomy which
kids made fun of. While it is still unclear how
the relationship with the accused murderers
and the girl transpired, police do know they
connected through facebook.

Evidence 3 Quotation/Paraphrase/Summary Citation

Type of source: It showed a group of girls attack another girl (Kennedy 1)

Ex: Gale Net and repeatedly punch her in the head.

"One person arrested in attack

of student in bathroom of
Philadelphia high school."
American School & University
2 Feb. 2016. General
Reference Center GOLD.
Web. 5 Feb. 2016.
URL
http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.d
o?id=GALE
%7CA442158524&v=2.1&u=m
viejo_main&it=r&p=GRGM&s
w=w&asid=98f9afb2d063fbf1b
7b8613682968713

Topic for Body Paragraph 2:

EX: physical effects

Topic Sentence for Body Paragraph 2: (connected to thesis and topic)

EX: The effects of cyberbullying can lead to physical abuse.

Evidence1 for Topic of Quotation/Paraphrase/Summary Citation

Body Paragraph 1

Type of source: A 2009 study by the Cyberbullying Research ( Bargeron 298)

EX: book Center found that one in five middle-school
 students were victims of online harassment.

Evidence 2 Quotation/Paraphrase/Summary Citation

Type of source: Investigators believe that the accused killers (Spencer 1)

EX: newspaper knew the victim prior to meeting her. The
victim frequented social media because she
was bullied and found friendly support from
the two students who stabbed her.

Evidence 3 Quotation/Paraphrase/Summary Citation

Type of source: On January 27, a group of girls at a (Kennedy)

Gale Net Philadelphia school ganged up on one girl in
the school bathroom and brutally beat her
up. The attack was video taped and posted
on social media where it was viewed over
50,000 times. One student has been
arrested.

Now You Try:

Thesis:
Cyber Bullying exists in 2017.

Topic for Body Paragraph 1:

What its like to go through cyberbullying

Topic Sentence for Body Paragraph 1: (thesis AND topic)

Cyberbullying is no walk in the park.

Evidence 1 for Topic Quotation/Paraphrase/Summary Citation

of Body Paragraph 1

Type of source: People will even bully someone they dont (North)
Summary even know.

I opened up my Twitter feed and I found

hateful symbols, I found echoes and
swastikas and green frogs and people
discussing my death.

Evidence 2 Quotation/Paraphrase/Summary Citation

Type of source: Its easier to fight online, because you feel (Hoffman)
Quote more brave and in control, she said. On
Facebook, you can be as mean as you
want.

Evidence 3 Quotation/Paraphrase/Summary Citation

Type of source: When everyone can see the rude comments (Reuters)
Paraphrase and agree, youre being bullied by so many
more people and can be so much worse.

cyberbullying can be even more

traumatizing than traditional forms of
bullying. embarrassment, shame, and
other more severe consequences of bullying
can become even more severe.

Topic for Body Paragraph 2:

Why cyberbullying is different
Topic Sentence for Body Paragraph 2: (thesis AND topic)
Cyberbullying is different from normal bullying, as it can be anonymous and so much more
hurtful.

Evidence 1 for Topic Quotation/Paraphrase/Summary Citation

of Body Paragraph 2

Type of source: This occurred out of school, on a weekend, (Hoffman)

Quote recalled the principal, Tony Orsini. We
cant discipline him.

Evidence 2 Quotation/Paraphrase/Summary Citation

Type of source: In difference to regular bullying, the attacker (What is)

Summary cant always be found, reprimanded, or
punished.

Cyberbullying messages and images can

be posted anonymously and distributed
quickly to a very wide audience. It can be
difficult and sometimes impossible to trace
the source.

Evidence 3 Quotation/Paraphrase/Summary Citation

Type of source: If a cyber bully is found out, the

Paraphrase consequences could be harsher than those
dealt at school.

Depending on the state and applicable

laws, sanctions could range anywhere from
civil penalties, such as school intervention
via suspensions and/or expulsions, to jail
time for criminal misdemeanors and even
felonies.

Topic for Body Paragraph 3:

Effects

Topic Sentence for Body Paragraph 3: (thesis AND topic)

Sometimes the effects of being cyberbullied can be worse than the cyberbullying itself
 Evidence Quotation/Paraphrase/Summary Citation
1 for Topic of Body
Paragraph 3

Type of source: 20% of respondents reported seriously (Hinduja)

Quote thinking about attempting suicide, while 19%
reported attempting suicide.

Evidence 2 Quotation/Paraphrase/Summary Citation

Type of source: Students who go through cyberbullying are (What is)

Summary known to let their lives slip through their
fingers.

Kids who are cyberbullied are more likely to:

Use alcohol and drugs, Skip school,
Experience in-person bullying, Be unwilling
to attend school, Receive poor grades, Have
lower self-esteem, and Have more health
problems.

Evidence 3 Quotation/Paraphrase/Summary Citation

Type of source: An affected father goes to the principal for (North)

Paraphrase help.

I had a 45-year-old father crying in my

office. He kept asking, Why would someone
do this to my son?

Topic for Body Paragraph 4: statistics

Topic Sentence for Body Paragraph 4: (thesis AND topic) There are so many people involved
with cyberbullying.

Evidence 1 for Topic Quotation/Paraphrase/Summary Citation

of Body Paragraph
Type of source: In a study involving 3767 students in grades (Agaston)
Quote 6-8. 11% were victims, 7% were ERWC book source
bully/victims, and 4% were bullies.

Evidence 2 Quotation/Paraphrase/Summary Citation

Type of source: A large percentage of surveyed people have (Hinduja)

Paraphrase admitted to being a bully.

With regard to cyberbullying, prevalence

rates for individual behaviors ranged from
9.1% to 23.1% for offending and from 5.7%
to 18.3% for victimization.

Evidence 3 Quotation/Paraphrase/Summary Citation

Type of source:

Continue with as many paragraphs as you have/need.