A Compact Four Element CSRR-loaded Antenna for

Paper ID: 1244

Dual Band Pattern Diversity MIMO Applications
Debdeep 1
Sarkar ,
Kushmanda Kumar Vaibhav 2
Saurav , Srivastava3

Department of Electrical Engineering,

Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh-208016, INDIA
1debdeep1989@gmail.com, 2kushmandasaurav@gmail.com, 3kvs@iitk.ac.in

KEY POINTS OF THIS WORK

A four element compact dual-band (1.9 / 2.5 GHz) MIMO antenna system is
proposed for GSM / WLAN / WiFi / LTE applications
Inverted L-shaped monopoles loaded with complementary split ring
resonators (CSRR) are used as antenna elements
The proposed system shows good pattern diversity features in both the
bands, owing to the directional characteristics of antenna elements
Good inter-element isolation (>15 dB) is achieved in spite of using a
common ground plane, without having any separate decoupling structure

MIMO ANTENNA DESIGN AND RESULTS

Fig. 3. Photograph of fabricated prototype of the proposed four element
Designed on 1.6 dualband MIMO antenna (Fig. 2): (a) Top-view, (b) Bottom-view. (c)
mm thick FR4- Variation of magnitude of measured S-parameters (with frequency.
epoxy substrate:
Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC or e,ij) and Mean Effective
r = 4.4, tan =
Gains (MEG) are calculated from radiation pattern-based formulae [1]
0.02; copper-trace
assuming uniform propagation environment.
thickness =17 m.
The total active reflection coefficient (TARC) for the N-element
MIMO system is estimated in MATLAB from S-parameters [1].
The channel capacity loss (CCL) Closs = -log2|R|, where R = [ij] (i,j
= 1,2) [6]. Here ii = 1- |Sii|2 - |Sjj|2 and ij = - Sii*Sij - Sji*Sjj (i, j = 1,2).
Dimensions (mm):
LS = WS = 40, WM = Freq (GHz) e,12 e,13 MEG1/MEG2 MEG1/MEG3
WF = 3, LG = 15,
LM1 = 13, LM2 = 18, 1.91 0.0005 0.0023 0.9771 0.9932
a = b = 9, c = 0.7, g 2.49 0.0012 0.0014 0.9773 0.9975
= d = 0.3, gS = 0.5

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of single antenna: (a) Top-view and (b) Bottom
view. (c) Zoomed view of CSRR. (d) Variation of S11 with frequency.
Case-I : Simple Inverted L-shaped Monopole
Case-II: After CSRR loading , without ground-connected strips
Case-III: CSRR loaded inverted L-shaped monopole with strips

Fig. 2. (a) Schematic diagram of the proposed four element dual-band
MIMO antenna (La = 80 mm). (b) Variation of magnitude of simulated S-
parameters with frequency.
3D Patterns at 1.91 GHz when: (a) Port-1, (b)
Port-2, (c) Port-3 and (d) Port-4 are excited.
3D Patterns at 2.49 GHz when: (a) Port-1, (b)
Port-2, (c) Port-3 and (d) Port-4 are excited.
CONCLUSIONS
Physical area of four-element MIMO system = 0.262 where =
wavelength for the lowest operating frequency, much less than [4] and [5]
Inter-element isolation > 15 dB in both bands
Pattern diversity with directional gain (> 3 dBi)
Satisfactory diversity performance: ECC < 0.5, mean effective gain
(MEG) ratio (MEGi/MEGj) 1, TARC < 10 dB and average CCL < 0.5
bits/s/Hz are obtained in both the working bands.
Common ground plane is used, unlike [2], [3] and [5]
SELECTED REFERENCES
[1] M. S. Sharawi, Printed Multi-Band MIMO Antenna Systems and Their Performance
Metrics, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, vol. 55, pp. 218-232, 2013.
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system for WLAN and WiMAX application, Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and
Applications, 26, pp. 2348-2357, 2012.
[3] R. Karimian, H. Oraizi, S. Fakhte and M. Farahani, Novel F-Shaped Quad-Band
Printed Slot Antenna for WLAN and WiMAX MIMO Systems, IEEE Antennas and
Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 12, pp. 405-408, 2013.
[4] G. Zhai, Z. N. Chen and X. Qing, Enhanced Isolation of a Closely Spaced Four-
Element MIMO Antenna System Using Metamaterial Mushroom, IEEE Transactions on
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[5] D. Sarkar, A. Singh, K. Saurav and K. V. Srivastava, A Four Element Quad-band
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[6] Y. K. Choukiker, S. K. Sharma, and S. K. Behera, Hybrid Fractal Shape Planar
Monopole Antenna Covering Multiband Wireless Communications With MIMO
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