B.A.LL.B.

(Integrated Law degree course)

Sociology (IV Semester)

Poverty

Submission To:
Submitted By:
Ms. Kiran
Anshumaan Arya
Designation: Assistant Professor Roll No.
L/1504

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 Raffles University
School of Law

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my teacher Ms. krian

who gave me the golden opportunity to do this wonderful project on the topic
Tortious Liability of Government, which also helped me in doing a lot of
Research and, I came to know about so many new things I am really thankful
to them.

Neemrana Anshuman
Arya

Date of Submission: 03/05/2017 Name of

Student

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 ABSTRACT

The Urban Poverty Project for Indonesia seeks to improve basic infrastructure
in poor urban neighborhoods and to promote sustainable income generation
for its poor urban residents--mostly long-term poor, whose incomes are eroded
by high inflation, or who lost sources of income in the economic downturn.
The project also seeks to strengthen the capability of local agencies to assist
poor communities; mobilize informal and private sector local institutions and
expertise; encourage broader participation in decisionmaking about
community matters; and provide equal opportunity to men and women. The
project funds subprojects, providing revolving capital for income generation

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and grants for basic infrastructure works; economic activities including
activities in urban agriculture, group training in the communities, sewing
machine or computer equipment, programs for children and youth,
community-based housing, and family planning education; and related
employment activities such as training programs. Also provided is technical
assistance for implementation and monitoring, specifically for project
management, oversight consultants, and facilitators

Poverty

Poverty is the significant lack of money, or poorness. Precise definitions of

poverty are controversial; according to one definition, poverty is having so
little money that one cannot pay for basic necessities, such as food and shelter.
Sociologists study the effects of poverty, as well as who lives in poverty and
why. Poverty is sometimes linked to race and sex. For example, in the United
States, a greater percentage of the African-American population lives in
poverty than that of whites; also, the number of poor women has significantly
increased ("the feminization of poverty"). Some thinkers believe social
structures lead to poverty; for example, institutional discrimination deprives

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some people of opportunities. Others claim that poor people fail to act to
overcome poverty, although they could. Poverty is general scarcity or the state of
one who lacks a certain amount of material possessions or money.[1] It is a multifaceted
concept, which includes social, economic, and political elements. Absolute
poverty or destitution refers to the lack of means necessary to meet basic needs such as
food, clothing and shelter.[2] Absolute poverty is meant to be about the same independent
of location. Relative poverty occurs when people in a country do not enjoy a certain
minimum level of living standards as compared to the rest of the population and so would
vary from country to country, sometimes within the same country.[3]

After the industrial revolution, mass production in factories made producing goods
increasingly less expensive and more accessible. Of more importance is the
modernization of agriculture, such as fertilizers, to provide enough yield to feed the
population.[4] Providing basic needs can be restricted by constraints on government's
ability to deliver services, such as corruption, tax avoidance, debt and loan
conditionalities and by the brain drain of health care and educational professionals.
Strategies of increasing income to make basic needs more affordable typically include
welfare, economic freedoms and providing financial services.[5]