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ISSN: 2309-7892, Page: 06-08, Volume 01, Issue 01, July-December 2013
Review Paper
LABORATORY BIOASSAY OF FOUR FUNGICIDES AGAINST MYCELIAL GROWTH OF
ALTERNARIA BRASSICAE
M.N. Haider1, M.R. Islam1, F.M. Aminuzzaman1, H. Mehraj2 and AFM Jamal Uddin2*
M.N. Haider, M.R. Islam, F.M. Aminuzzaman, H. Mehraj and AFM Jamal Uddin (2013). Laboratory Bioassay of Four
Fungicides Against Mycelial Growth of Alternaria Brassicae. Int. J. Bus., Soc. and Sci. Res. 01(01):06 - 08. Retrieve from
http://www.ijbssr.com/currentissueview/13010102
Abstract
An experiment was conducted at the Seed Health Laboratory, Department of Plant
Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh for the bioassay
of fungicides in controlling mycelial growth of Alternaria brassicae in-vitro. In this
experiment, four fungicides viz. Rovral 50 WP @ 0.2%, Dithane M-45 @ 0.45%,
Ridomil gold MZ-72 @ 0.2%, Bavistin DF @ 0.1% and control (sterile water) were used
for the assessment. Rovral 50 WP @ 0.2% was found effective to control the mycelial
growth of Alternaria brassicae. Minimum mycelia growth (1.9 cm) was found with
Rovral 50 WP @ 0.2% whereas maximum from control (6.0 cm) at 15 DAI. On the other
hand, Rovral 50 WP reduced 68.9% mycelial growth of Alternaria brassicae.
Key words: Alternaria brassicae, bioassay, fungicides.
Introduction
Alternaria brassicae is widely distributed and the most serious and devastating disease of
rapeseed-mustard. Chemicals are being successfully used in controlling the disease (Meah et al.,
1988 and Howlider et al., 1985) while non-chemical methods may include use of biological
agents, botanicals, adjustment in cultural practices etc. Fungicides can be simply described as
substance destructive to fungi. In plant pathology, bioassays are used to discover and develop
disease resistance, fungicides, nematicides and biocontrol agents. Faster, less expensive bioassays
are needed to test natural products for fungicidal activity. Bioassays for plant disease biocontrol
agents are often tests or evaluation systems designed to efficiently screen microbial isolates for
control of plant pathogens, usually fungi or bacteria, in a regulated environment. These bioassays
may exclude the host (in vitro) or include it (in vivo). Bioassay is accurate and sensitive enough
for comparison of dose-response relationships of natural and synthetic fungicides. The continuing
development of antimicrobial resistance in plant pathogens necessitates the discovery and
development of new fungicides. The efficiency and low cost of laboratory bioassays make then
essential for using to detect fungicidal activity in chemicals thus will help in biological control of
plant disease. Four fungicides viz. Rovral 50 WP, Dithane M-45, Ridomil gold MZ-72 and
Bavistin DF were considered under study. Recently, the interest in biological control of plant
disease has increased considerably. Although the number of practical "in use" or "commercially
available" plant disease biocontrol systems are few prospects for a rapid increase are good.
Considering the above facts, present study was undertaken to determine the effect of selected
fungicides in controlling growth of Alternaria brassicae in-vitro.
Methodology
Experiment was conducted at the Seed Health Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-
e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Recommended doses of fungicidal solution
were prepared by mixing thoroughly with requisite quantity of chemical and normal water. It was
required 2.0 gm/liter of Rovral 50 WP, 4.5 gm/liter of Dithane M-45, 2.0 gm/liter of Ridomil gold
MZ-72 and 1.0 gm/liter of Bavistin DF for preparation of solution with respective concentration.
Details of the fungicides used are given in Table 1.
M-45 (63.9%) whereas the least effective fungicide to reduce colony growth of the pathogen
Alternaria brassicae was Bavistin (50.4%) followed by Ridomil gold (55.5%). The efficacy of
fungicides against the mycelial growth of Alternaria brassicae was found in in-vitro test proved
promising. Rovral 50 WP @ 0.2% inhibited the mycelial growth by 68.9% followed by Dithane
M-45, Ridomil gold and Bavistin. Similar results were reported by Hossain and Mian (2006) who
reported that Rovral 50 WP (iprodione) significantly inhibited the growth of Alternaria
brassicicola followed by Dithane M-45. Kumar et al. (2004) reported that among 6 fungicides
and 1 plant extract, Dithane M-45 performed the best result against spore germination of
Alternaria brassicae.
Table 2. Effect of different fungicides on mycelial growth of A. brassicae at different days after
incubation (DAI) (cup method)
Mycelial Growth (cm) % inhibition of
mycelial growth
Fungicides
6 DAI 9 DAI 12 DAI 15 DAI over control at 15
DAI
Rovral 50 WP 1.1 e 1.2 e 1.5 e 1.9 e 68.9
Ridomil gold MZ-72 WP 1.8 c 2.0 c 2.4 c 2.7 c 55.5
Dithane M-45 1.4 d 1.6 d 1.9 d 2.2 d 63.9
Bavistin DF 2.2 b 2.5 b 2.6 b 3.0 b 50.4
Control 2.5 a 4.0 a 5.5 a 6.0 a 0.0
CV% 2.1 4.1 4.2 3.7
Sx 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.05
Conclusion
The fungicides tested were Rovral 50 WP @ 0.2%, Dithane M-45 @ 0.45%, Ridomil gold MZ-72
@ 0.2% and Bavistin DF @ 0.1%. In the present study, all the tested chemical fungicides
significantly reduced mycelial growth of fungus in vitro. Among the fungicides, Rovral 50 WP
reduced the highest radial mycelial growth (68.91%) of Alternaria brassicae followed by Dithane
M-45 (63.87%), Ridomil gold MZ-72 (55.46%) and Bavistin DF (50.42%) compared to control.
However further investigation is needed to test the efficacy of the Rovral 50 WP.
References
Meah, M.B., M.A.R. Howlidar, M.J. Uddin and A. Rahman (1988) Effect of fungicide spray at
different time and frequencies on Alternaria blight of mustard. Thai. J. Agric. Sci.
21:101-107.
Howlider, M.A.R., M.B. Meah, M.J. Uddin and M.A. Rahman (1985) Effect of fungicides in
reducing intensity of Alternaria blight of mustard. Bangladesh J. Agric. 10(4): 41-46.
Hossain, M.S. and I.H. Mian (2006) Efficacy of fungicides for controlling Alternaria blight of
cabbage seed crop. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 31(2): 189-198.
Kumar, S., N. Mehta, M.S. Sangwan and R. Kumar (2004) Relative sensitivity of various isolates
of Alternaria brassicae (Berk.) Sacc. to fungicides. J. Mycology Plant Path. 34(1): 28-
32.
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