Consider a bathtub half-filled with lukewarm water.

If we add
cold water to the lukewarm water, we make it colder. If we add
hot water to the lukewarm water, we make it hotter.

The water is in the bathtub is at 80 C . An iron rod also at 80 C

is placed in the water.

The two bodies( iron rod and the water) are in thermal contact
and there is no net flow of heat between them. The two bodies
are said to be in ____________________________.

Heat Capacity

We have 3 different types of materials. Place each material one

after the other on your forearm and note down what do you feel?

How does the steel spanner feels?

cold hot

How does
-3 the wood
-2 PVC
-1 tube0feels? 1 2 3

cold hot

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
How does the wood feels?
cold hot

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

Suppose you are cooking, which one of the three spatulas would
you use?

Figure 1 Plastic Spatula

Figure 2 Steel Spatula

Figure 3 Wood Spatula

Suggest a reason for your choice.

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Thought Experiment

A drop of water at 80 C falls onto hand, you might feel a little bit
of warmth on your hand.
But if a liter of the same 80 C falls onto your hand, you will most
likely have severe burns.

Why is that?

20 kJ
An unknown mass of copper requires for its temperature to
increase from 20 C to 30 C . Given that the specific heat
c c =400 J k g1 K 1
capacity of copper is , find the mass of copper.
75g of material X is placed in 30g copper container. The copper
container contains 65 g of water. Material X, the copper container
and the water are all at 20 C . When 100g of water at 8 0 C is

added, the final temperature of the whole system is 49 C .
Assuming no heat is gained or lost to the surrounding. What is
cx ?
Using the formula below, fill in the missing quantities.
Q=mc

Q/J
Material m/kg c /Jkg1 K 1 /K

Alcohol 48800 2440 20

Aluminiu 2.0 897 300
m
Zinc 0.5 388 15
Porcelain 26040 0.8 30
Lead 7740 1.5 129