Fundamental Aeronautics

Dr. Rich Wlezien

Director (Acting), Fundamental Aeronautics
Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate
 Fundamental Aeronautics
Research Thrusts

Subsonics: Subsonics:
Hypersonics Supersonics
Rotary Wing Fixed Wing

Objective
Development of system-level, multi-disciplinary capabilities for both civilian and
military applications
Provide long-term investment in research to support and sustain expert competency in
critical core areas of aeronautics technology

Results
Technology innovation and integrated, multidisciplinary analysis tools to:
Provide rapid evaluation of new concepts and technology
Accelerate the application of new technology to a wide array of vehicles
Reduce the environmental impact and increase the public benefit of future
aircraft: lower emissions, less noise, higher efficiency, safer operation
Technologies & Capabilities Research Hierarchy

System

Requirements/Needs
Design

Multi-Discipline
Capabilities

Discipline Level
Capabilities

Foundational Physics & Modeling

 Approach
Use Space Act Agreements to collaborate
with industry; Establish partnerships with
other Govt agencies (FAA, DoD, JPDO)
NASA development of multidisciplinary
methods and technologies
NASA development of discipline-related
solutions
Use NASA Research Announcements (NRAs)
to solicit proposals for foundational research in
areas where NASA needs to enhance its core
capabilities.
Develop system-level capabilities to enable our
civilian and military partners to develop
revolutionary systems to meet their needs
Level 4
Integrate methods and technologies to develop
multi-disciplinary solutions
Level 3
Leverage the foundational research to develop
technologies and analytical tools focused on
discipline-based solutions
Level 2
Conduct foundational research to further our
fundamental understanding of the underlying
principles
Level 1
 Four-Step Planning Process

Step 1: Assess the long-term research needs and goals in

Fundamental Aeronautics and establish technical
roadmaps to accomplish those goals.

Step 2: Solicit information on key areas of interest from the

external community and determine opportunities for
collaboration through an RFI

Step 3: Define research proposals at the field centers

Step 4: Issue a NASA Research Announcement to solicit

proposals for foundational research
 Fundamental Aeronautics
Top-Level Roadmap
FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15

Integrate validated
multidisciplinary Gen 1 validation Gen 2 validation
tools sets experiment experiment
Subsonics:Fixed Wing
Develop conceptual Baseline quantification of Demonstrate improved
framework integrated tool fidelity fidelity of tools

Improve prediction accuracy for

existing rotorcraft behavior. Refine
research focus.
Subsonics:Rotary Wing
Assess capability to Demonstrate progress toward validating
predict rotorcraft behavior predictive capability for adv rotorcraft &
expanded operating conditions

Assess Predict. Cap. for Incorp.Updated Incorp.Updated

Prop. & Airfr & ID Gaps Multidisciplinary Tools Multidisciplinary Tools
Supersonics
ID Databases & Tools Assess Predict. Cap. for Gen 1 Demo of Gen 2 Validation from
for Init. Assess. Integr. Vehicle Perf Framework & ID Gaps Multi-systems Expt

Baseline methods & Ref. Vehicle 2 Ref. Vehicle 3 Optimized

ref vehicles defined selected selected methods/tools
Hypersonics
Ref. Vehicle 1 Improved System Flight
selected methods/tools Experiments
 SUBSONICS: FIXED WING
Level 4 Validated Physics-based MDAO Tools
Integrated with Technology Development
including virtual access to the flight envelope, and virtual expeditions through design space that enable
system-level design of a wide class of subsonic fixed wing vehicles
Level 3
Propulsion / Power Vehicle Systems Integration & Analysis Airframe Systems Systems for
Systems Experimental
Validation

Level 2

Controls Experimental
Materials & Structures Power Acoustics Capabilities
and
Dynamics
Mechanical Combustion Aeroelasticity
Components &
Tribology Aerodynamics /
Aerothermodynamics

Level 1

Fundamental Materials Power Modeling & Control Methods Acoustics Physics Fundamental New
Science Simulation And Strategies Experimental
Approaches
Aeroelasticity
Mechanics of Materials Reacting Flow Dynamic
and Structures Application &
Physics/CFD Modeling & Computational Methods
Enhancement of
Simulation (Research & Implementing)
Mechanical Components Current Experimental
Techniques
And Tribology Fluid Dynamics & Heat
Transfer (Understanding &
Modeling)
 Subsonics Fixed Wing:
Research Topics
Propulsion and Power Systems
Vehicle Integration and Analysis
Airframe Systems
Systems for Experimental
Validation
Alternative propulsion and power concepts
Materials and structures technologies for durable, active, multi-
functional propulsion and power systems
Advanced technologies for intelligent engines, and engine icing
characteristics
Engine and airframe noise source decomposition
Advanced control techniques and autonomous control
architectures
Aeroelastic analysis methods
Metallic, composite, and hybrid materials and structures, analysis
methods for property characterization
Multifunctional materials and structures concepts
Advanced materials, processing and manufacturing technologies
Expanded design space enabled by high-lift design, edge of
envelope stability and control
Enhanced physics-based noise prediction, integrated
aerodynamic, acoustic, and structural advanced analysis tool
Autonomous testbeds
High-fidelity piloted simulations, and instrumentation with new
capabilities integrated into multidisciplinary system validated with
flight tests as appropriate

Subsonics:Fixed Wing
Quantified Uncertainty
Known Sensitivities
Vehicle Systems Integration
and Analysis
Propulsion/Power Systems
Airframe Systems
Systems for Experimental Validation
Materials and Structures & Mechanical
Components and Tribology
Power and Combustion
Controls and Dynamics
Acoustics, Aeroelasticity, &
Aerodynamics/Aerothermodynamics
Experimental Capabilities
Fundamental Materials Science & Processing,
Mechanics of Materials and Structures,
Mechanical Components, & Tribology
Power Modeling and Simulation, & Reacting
Flow Physics/CFD
Control Methods and Strategies & Dynamic
Modeling and Simulation
Acoustics Physics, Computational Methods,
Fluid Dynamics & Heat Transfer, &
Aeroelasticity
Experimental Approaches & Techniques
FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15
Fast and Effective PB-MDAO Capability
Develop conceptual Integrate validated Baseline quantification of Gen 1 validation Demonstrate improved Gen 2 validation
framework multidisciplinary tools sets integrated tool fidelity experiment fidelity of tool experiment
Level 4
Annual Portfolio assessment &
advanced system concepts reviews
Existing design & analysis Integrated Engine/airframe Multi-fidelity multi- Engine/airframe Dynamic analysis
tools assessment simulation testbeds interaction model physics coupling systems noise model & uncertainty
Integrd propulsion/power
analysis/sim capability
High-power core Adv predictive capability Materials & structures for Physics-based low-
Identify high-power technologies for engine icing multi-functional systems emissions combustor
density core reqts
Assess combustor perf/emission Assess combustor perf/emission Alternative non
pred for conventional fuels predictions for alternative fuels combustion-based concept
Low-noise, low-emissions
high-perf propulsion
Intelligent engine
technologies Level 3
Increased high lift performance Multi-objective
Preliminary multi-objective Applicability domain established for Active noise/flow/aeroelastic w/noise reduction airframe concept
airframe noise generation models
concepts & analyses reqts control concepts
Multi-objective Adv control
architecture reqts Expanded design trade
structural panel POC test space evaluation
Multi-ship autonomous
testbeds
ID multi-objective, multi-disciplinary Adv control effector impact High-fidelity piloted Distributed engine
experimental capabilities & needs on vehicle performance simulation control concept validated
Adv. materials development & Adaptive multifunctional Val. multiscale High temp materials Mechanical components & tribology Integrated vehicle health monitoring
materials & structures concepts computational design & dev. & characterization
characterization
analysis tools
System requirements ID
Particle/soot Adv. combustor Turbulent combustion Low emissions concepts
Flight weight fuel Alternative fuel multiphase code val. w/active fuel-air control
Subcritical fuel injection/ Alternative fuel mechanisms w/fuel-air control
turbulence/kinetics models composition cell systems speciation model
Tools for quantifying & Adv. control approaches for Integ. prop. sim. with Eval. adv. control design
Integrated dynamic
modeling & control WG
Benchmark challenge for dist.
flight control designs
propagating uncertainty benchmark model
Def. variable autonomy
distributed engine control architecture and cueing logic in flight vehicle testbed
Eval. adv. propulsion control
in flight vehicle testbed Level 2
Investigate critical High lift/control surface Turbine tip leakage Investigate stiffness Hi-work cooled turbine Fan/compressor stall Exp. validated integrated Assess noise control
Unsteady flow control prediction-
nonlinearities & time- reduction & strength tailoring perf. verification prediction sim. incl. unsteady aero strategies
variant phenomena
separation prediction using higher order methods
Dev. adv. control effector concepts Dev. engine teststand testbed ID & assess component CL max prediction- Savvy val. of Eval. & implement next gen. Dev. & val. high-fidelity
Dev. & demo adv. test for test environments (annual) for distributed prop. control noise prediction models low speed passive aeroelastic tools noise prediction tools unsteady aeroelastic cap.
techniques (annual) high lift
Dev. enhanced sim.
capabilities (annual) Dev. distributed control Implement capabilities to Enhance critical facility & Hardened measurement
networks testbeds operational level (annual) testbed capabilities (annual) hardware & software (annual)
Manufacturing & fab. Nano-structured materials for Structural health Adv. structural concepts Computational Fund. materials Durable & damage-
processing technology tolerant mechanics Val. analysis tools Multi-scale design
development
characterizing surfaces & interfaces monitoring & damage
science
materials tools dev. &
characterization methods & computational
methods
& analysis tools
Desulfurization and fuel reformation
Models for 3-D time
accurate flows
Soot/particle measurements in
high-pressure & model
Exp data for confined swirling flows
w/liquid fuel (supercritical)
Structural dynamics,
incl. impact dynamics
techniques comparison
Physio-chemical model of NOx formation
Alternative fuel thermochemistry,
thermophysical properties
Turbulence/chemistry Improved primary SOFC design tools Computational reduction schemes for
Survey adv. control
interaction models assessed atomization model
Def. distr. propulsion Est. benchmark
control requirements model formulation using benchmark simulation autonomy interface aero wind tunnel data
chemical kinetic mechanisms
Compare & downselect architectures Evaluate variable Update sim. model w/unsteady Update simulation model
w/unsteady aero flight test data
Control designs to exploit unsteady Level 1
approaches aero & advanced effectors
Def. portfolio of fund. dynamic modeling challenges Apply uncertainty management tools Engine control strategies for Validated sim. including
to benchmark models Numerical algorithms autonomous flight vehicles
Conduct fund. experiments for new Dev. adv. methods for treating and Char. Reynolds stresses for adv. for robustness, Assess new models against new distributed propulsion control
Transition model for Integrated source &
concepts & unusual aeroelastic modifying aeroelastic char. of rotating pressure gradients at high Rn efficiency & accuracy fan/compressor multi-element data set propagation modeling w/exp. val.
phenomena components
Matching of adv Conjugate heat transfer
multistage compressor analysis for cooled
turbines
Understand characteristics of Assess active & passive
multi-element flow physics prediction tools for cabin noise
Rapid, hi-fi, probabilistic Extend & val. noise metrics for
aeroelastic modeling cap. community & passenger impact
Dev. & val. Hybrid LES flow model as
acoustic source mechanism
Enhance and apply current experimental systems (annual) control Dev. instrumentation for
Develop fundamental new measurement systems (annual) higher data acquisition rates
Dev. combined loading
test capabilities Dev. adv. measurements for Dev. & characterize nano- Extend & val. metrics for Dev. higher accuracy instrumentation Dev. methods to assess particle
impact dynamics testing structure materials for sensors interior sound quality for flowfield calibration dynamics effects on measurement
accuracy
 Gen 1 Validation Experiment
Level 4 Dependencies

FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15

Subsonics:Fixed Wing Gen 1 validation Level 4

experiment
PB-MDAO

Vehicle Systems Integration Level 3

and Analysis
Propulsion/Power Systems
Airframe Systems
Systems for Discovery &
Experimental Validation
Autonomous testbeds
Multi-fidelity multi-physics Materials & structures for multi-
coupling functional systems
Assess combustor perf/emission Adv predictive capability Intelligent engine
predictions for alternative fuels for engine icing technologies
High-power core
Low-noise, low-emissions
technologies
Applicability domain established for high-perf propulsion
airframe noise generation models
Adv control Increased high lift performance
architecture reqts w/noise reduction
Adv control effector impact Distributed engine
on vehicle performance control concept validated
 Gen 1 Validation Experiment
Level 3 Dependencies
FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15
Vehicle Systems Integration Level 3
and Analysis

Propulsion/Power Systems

Applicability domain established for Adv control Increased high lift

airframe noise generation models architecture reqts performance w/noise reduction
Airframe Systems
Systems for Discovery &
Experimental Validation

Materials and Structures &
Mechanical Components
and Tribology
Power and Combustion
Adv. materials development & Val. multiscale computational Level 2
characterization design & analysis tools
Adaptive multifunctional
materials & structures concepts

Controls and Dynamics

Acoustics, Aeroelasticity, &
Aerodynamics/Aerothermodynamics
Experimental Capabilities

Fundamental Materials Science Nano-structured materials for Structural health monitoring Level 1
& Processing, Mechanics of characterizing surfaces & interfaces & damage science
Materials and Structures,
Mechanical Components, & Adv. structural concepts
Tribology Manufacturing & fab. processing
Power Modeling and Simulation, & Reacting
technology development
Flow Physics/CFD
Control Methods and Strategies & Dynamic
Modeling and Simulation
Acoustics Physics, Computational Methods,
Fluid Dynamics & Heat Transfer, &
Aeroelasticity
Experimental Approaches & Techniques
 SUBSONICS: ROTARY WING
Validated Physics-based MDAO Tools
Level 4
Integrated with Technology Development
enabling rotorcraft with advanced capability to fly as designed for any mission

Level 3
Propulsion / Aeromechanics Super-Integrated Vehicle Integrated Integrated Experimental
Integration Management System Rotorcraft Design Systems

Level 2 Structures and

Aeromechanics Flight Dynamics Drive System
Materials
and Controls
Acoustics Engines
Human/System
Experimental Integration
Capability

Level 1

Aero/Struct Coupling Noise Source Control Theory Power Transmission Damage/Fracture

Methodology Physics Physics Mechanics
Intelligent Systems
Dynamics, Psycho- and Autonomy Power Generation Advanced Materials
Structural Dynamics Acoustics Physics and Processes
Information
Fluid Mechanics Noise Processing and Structural Mechanics
Propagation Modeling
Fundamental Physics Impact Dynamics
Measurement
Science Computational
Aeroacoustics
 Subsonics Rotary Wing:
Research Topics
Propulsion-Aeromechanics Integration
Super-Integrated Health Management System
Integrated Rotorcraft Design
Integrated Experimental Systems
Variable speed drive systems
Minimal or no-lubricant transmission concepts
Life extension component technologies
Alternative engine designs to address on-condition
health management and interior noise
Simulations and flight test to validate investigative
results of active-control techniques
Adaptive displays to address control system design
capabilities
Aeromechanics and aeroacoustics predictive design
capabilities for various size and flight regime
operations
Methodology for real-time comparison of
computational fluid- and structural-dynamics with
experimental data
Integrated diagnostic instrumentation systems into
facilities for operational efficiency
Simultaneous, multi-parameter diagnostic
techniques that enable rapid testing and validation
of rotorcraft behavior

Subsonics:Rotary Wing
Design for any mission; Fly as designed;
Design for advanced capability,
including tools and technologies
Propulsion/Aeromechanics Integration
Super-Integrated Vehicle Management System
Integrated Rotorcraft Design
Assess aeromechanics, exterior acoustics, structural
mechanics predictive capability for existing rotorcraft Define tool requirements for acoustics, structural mechanics predictive
Integrated Experimental Systems
Drive System, Engines
Flight Dynamics and Controls,
Human/System Integration
Aeromechanics, Acoustics
Structures/Materials,
Experimental Capabilities for
Component Evaluation
Power Transmission Physics, Power
Generation Physics
Control Theory, Intelligent/Autonomous
Systems,Human Performance/Modeling
Solid Mechanics, Advanced Materials
Fluid Mechanics, Dynamics, Aero/Structural
Coupling
Acoustics Physics
Fundamental Measurement Science
FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15
Validated PB-MDAO Capability Demonstrate progress toward validating predictive capability
Assess capability to Improve prediction accuracy for existing for adv rotorcraft & expanded operating conditions
predict rotorcraft behavior rotorcraft behavior. Refine research focus.
Level 4
Annual Portfolio assessment &
advanced system concepts reviews
Assess interior noise Evaluate improvements in Validate on-condition health
Assess prop system predictive capability interior noise predictions management for propulsion system Validate integrated
int design capability Validate integrated interior noise tool
propulsion design tool
Assess predictive capability for Evaluate simulation of integrated Evaluate control system design for Evaluate sim of int control Evaluate control system design
integrated control system existing rotorcraft through flight test design for adv rotorcraft for adv rotorcraft through flight
control design for existing rotorcraft
Level 3
Evaluate improvements in aeromechanics, exterior Evaluate predictive capability for Validate multi-discipline
advanced configurations predictive tools
advanced configurations capability for existing rotorcraft
Real-time display for Integrate diagnostic
CFD/CSD/exp comparison instrumentation into facilities
Evaluate drive system tools Develop tech plan for Validate component life Validate variable Develop variable Validate high performance
Develop integr. tools for adv. Validate integrated
extended component life Validate drive system sourceprediction methods speed drive concepts speed vehicle system analysis for adv. engine, long life drive system
engine, drive concepts
noise reduction methods
drive concepts
Evaluate control designs for HQ requirements tasks
Level 2
RT flight dynamics models for Develop active load control Integration of advanced tools for HQ evaluation of RT simulation Validate human-
automated SNI low noise ops adv. configurations feedback concepts for adv. configurations enhanced crew performance of adv. configurations system design tools
Evaluate prediction Develop 1st-generation Evaluate high-fidelity tools Validate high performance Determine optimal
Evaluate performance Validate improved Validate advanced Develop next generation Validate advanced
capability and control
integrated tools for stability and control rotors
prediction capability
on-blade control
rotor prediction integrated tools rotor prediction
Validate damage
Develop measurement system Develop non-intrusive meas. Validate prediction tools for Validate prediction tools for Develop crashworthiness
Develop measurement system for
wake structure and blade motion for unsteady blade airloads system of flow physics integrated components low-velocity impact Validate analysis tools for tools
delamination and debonding
prediction methods
Validate adv. Validate design tools for
Evaluate SOA in power Evaluate hybrid
generation
Develop model to predict inertia
material components changes for variable and step XMSN Develop low/no lube turbomachinery
Validate hybrid
material component
long-life components Develop core interaction model
speed changes technologies computational models load capacity and life
Agent-based approach to Evaluate rotorcraft-specific risks
VTOL autonomous flight Control approach for multiple, overlapping, on flight crew performance Models for optimal task distribution
Active control of distributed micro- Develop multi-objective evolutionary
adaptive flow control devices Control systems that search techniques for rotorcraft design
varying, uncertain resonance modes between pilot/crew/automation exploit full flight envelope
Level 1
Characterize fracture toughness Identify material degradation Validate tools for processing Develop progressive Develop low-velocity impact Develop energy- Develop fatigue damage Develop multi-functional
and fatigue resistance mechanisms tailored components failure models resistance concepts absorbing concepts growth model tailored structural
concepts
Develop high-order and Assess extreme
Develop CFD/CSD coupling
for stability adv, turbulence model aero predictions
Develop advanced methods for Validate rotor/fuselage
wake capture and convection calculations
Validate stability and wake
predictions for advanced rotors
Refine high
order CFD
Refine advanced RANS
turbulence model
Evaluate noise Develop rotor, engine/ drive noise Validate advanced
Update sound Validate engine and Validate improved Validate interior noise Validate community noise Validate integrated computational
prediction capability physics and models prediction propagation models
metrics rotor noise calculation acoustic model metrics for adv. configurations noise tools
Develop techniques for
Assess SOA in Develop adv.wind tunnel Develop techniques/sensors for high
Develop unsteady force and moment
boundary layer and Rey Develop flow control system Develop comprehensive aerodynamic
measurement science correction methods meas. techniques temperature measurements
stress measurements measurement techniques measurement techniques
 SUPERSONICS
Validated Physics-based MDAO Tools

Level 4
Integrated with Technology Development
enabling the design of supersonic aircraft with sonic boom and airport noise acceptability, high temperature
durability, acceptable high altitude emissions, and supersonic cruise efficiency

Level 3
Propulsion / Power Vehicle Systems Airframe Systems for Experimental
Systems Integration & Analysis Systems Validation

Level 2

Materials & Structures Aerodynamics Guidance, Experimental

Propulsion & Power Acoustics Capabilities
Aerothermodynamics Navigation,
Controls &
Sonic
Boom Dynamics
Airframe & Propulsion
Aero-servo-elasticity

Level 1
Experimental &
Materials & Fluid Dynamics/ Heat Transfer Control Methods & Strategies Measurement Techniques
Structures Modeling
Reacting Flow Physics Dynamic Modeling & Simulation
Aeroelasticity
Acoustics Physics
Actuation/Sensors/Electronics

Computational Methods and

Strategies
 Supersonics
Research Topics
Tools to predict propulsion system noise, efficiency and high altitude
emissions
Reduced emissions combustor predictive capability
Propulsion and Power Variable geometry nozzle aerodynamic predictive capability
Systems Multi-fidelity engine-aircraft structural simulation
Ice accretion prediction
High-pressure recovery predictive capability
Low distortion and unstart mitigation inlets, integrated inlet-fan-nozzle
predictive capability for steady-state and transient conditions
Vehicle Systems Tools to predict integrated vehicle performance, noise and sonic boom,
Integration and Analysis Installed propulsion system noise-performance trades for supersonic
propulsion cycles, and integrated inlet-fan-nozzle
Tools to predict airframe noise, lift-drag, flight dynamics, stability and
handling qualities
Airframe Systems
High-fidelity computation method for achieving simultaneous gust and
maneuver loads, ride quality due to elasticity, and flutter suppression control
Systems for experimental validation of capabilities for field noise
Systems for Experimental measurements and techniques
Validation Requirements for national facilities to support propulsion and airframe
systems tests
 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15
PB-MDAO for Supersonic Aircraft
Supersonics Assess Predict. Cap. for Assess Predict. Cap. for Incorp.Updated Gen 2 Validation from
Incorp.Updated Gen 1 Demo of
ID Databases & Tools Prop. & Airfr & ID Gaps Integr. Vehicle Perf Multidisciplinary Tools Framework & ID Gaps Multidisciplinary Tools Multi-systems Expt
for Init. Assess.
Quantified Uncertainty Level 4
Known Sensitivities
Annual Portfolio assessment &
advanced system concepts reviews

Propulsion/Power Systems Assess Tool Assess Inlet & Inlet Control Develop Low- Noise, Validate Pred Cap for Low- Validate Low- Noise,Validate Low Validate Intelligent Validate Hi-Fi Design
Capabilities Fan Interactions of Unstart Hi-Perf Nozzle Noise, Hi-Perf Propulsor Hi-Perf. Nozzle
Emiss Pred Control for VCE Tools for Prop System

Vehicle Systems Integration and Analysis Assess Tool High-Efficiency, Integrated

High-Efficiency, Flexible Airframe- Integrated Airframe-
Capabilities Airframe-Propulsion Analysis
Propulsion Analysis Propulsion Analysis

Level 3
Airframe Systems Assess Tool Low Boom-Low Drag Comp. Methods for Low Noise Airframe Hi Efficiency Ltwt Safe Dur AF Struct
Capabilities Flex Airfr Cntl Design Tool Airframe Design Tool Flexible Airframe
Airframe Design
Controls Exp.

Systems for Experimental Validation Low Boom Design VCE Propulsor Operability
Perf & Val Test of Integrated Airframe-
Validation Exp. VCE Propulsor Prop Validation Exp.
Develop Fan Concept Design of CFD of Jet Effects Verify Low Analysis of Propulsor Des/Analysis Cap for Dist- Demo Low Emiss Eval Active Eval ASTE/FD Sim for Coupled ASE&
Propulsion/Power; Aero-Servo-Elasticity Unsteady Model Propulsor/VCE on Boom Noise Nozzle Flowpath Tolerant Fans & Compressors SS Comb Comb Control Concepts Integ Prop. Effects

ASE Wind Tunnel Test Eval Integ Inlet Val. Phy. Based
SemiSpan Config Val Alt ASE Control Arch Assess Low Emiss 3D HiFi Inlet Perf Verify Inlet Perf
Control System
Concepts Assessment & Unstart Prop Comp Anal.
Acoustics & Sonic Boom
Validate Exh Plume Validated Struct. Pred Cap for Comm. Validated SS Noise
Assess Acoustic Val. Boom Val. SS Jet Val. SS Inlet/Fan Prediction Tools
Eff on Tail Shoc Pred for SS Jet Acoustic Mdl Validated Psychp Acoustic Pred. Acoustic Pred Tools Sonic Bm Accept.
Dev Int Noz Flow Prop. Model Acoustic Model Assess TBC for Assess EBC for Valid Accel Test Methods Valid Damage Contain
Materials & Structures Acoustic DB Dev Highly-Loaded Thin Wing Str Prime Reliance Survivability for Composite Dur & Life Concepts

Near Field Anal Bnch Assess Grid Adapt. CFD

Mk Data Complete for Multi Comp. Conf.
Aerodynamics
Des Oriented Trans. Pred
Eval vs. Sel. Bnchmrks
Guidance, Navigation, Controls & Dynamics Flying Qual G/L for Flex A/C
Eval Passive & Hybrid
LFC in Low Disturb Env Dev PMC
Component
Hi-T Matls for Structures, Liners, etc Dev Methods for Multi-Scale Structural Analyses Valid Test Meths for A/C Str
Level 2
Ass. of Adv Config Design
Calibrate Var. Fid. Trans. Var. Fid. Boom Pred for Val Data to Assess LFC Calibrate Var. Fid. Trans. on Full Flt Envel Verify PB Pred for
Assess CFD Analysis for Tech vs. Quiet Tunnel Data Full SS Flt Env. for X-Flow Transtison Tech vs. Quiet Tunnel Data High-Re SS Config
Static Multi-Comp Configs Flt Valid. Design tools for Demo Adv Prop Control
Int. Flex/Prop App.
Fyling Qual Val in Motion SimOpt Path Planning for Boom Mit Int Flex/Prop Cont. Validated Cont Law Boom Mit Traj. Flt Valid. Flying Qual. G/L for Demo Shock Mit.
Design Meth. Mgmt Flt Test Flex A/C Concepts

Experimental Capabilities Establish Reqts for Facilities

Develop Fan Develop ASE Test
Dynamic Simulator Capability
Develop Flt Dev Quiet Facility for
Simulator Large-Re Transition
Develop Fan Noise Source
Separation Method
Durability of Low Assess Aircraft Structure Superalloys for Valid Accel Life Pred Hi-Temp Shape Novel Hot Acoustic
Rapid Design Methods Valid Containment Absorber Configs
Cond TBC Turbine Airfoils & Test Methods Memory Alloys
Pred Tools
Materials & Structures Modeling; Aeroelasticity
Oxidative Fail-safe Advanced Comp
CMC Hot Section CMC Structures for Aero-servo-elastic Nonlinear Unsteady Fan Blade Unsteady Probabilistic
Liners & Airfoils CFD Methods Aero on Flexible AF Aeroelastic Models
Euler/Actuator Duct Superheated Variable Chemistry Probablistic
Fluid Dynamics/Heat Transfer; Reacting Flow for Fan Distortion Vaporization Model Models in WIND code
Unsteady Coupled Aero & Assessment of Inlet
Heat Transfer Predictions
Amplitude-Based
Transition Prediction

Physics; Computational Methods/Strategies Dev. Robust Grid

Adapt. Techniques Validation of Non- Inlet Bleed Models CFD of Inlet 3D Combustion Combustion Code Database for Disturbance Fan Code with
Model
Demo Adv Code &
Meas of Transition Dev Particle/Soot Sol Ver.Techniques Level 1
Linear PSE Method with Surface Flow Spillage Instability Model with Swirling Flow Propagation Flow Control Mechanisms
Roughness Turbulence Effects on Hi-Re DNS model for Lrg
Supersonic dual-flow Boom/Str Interact. Flow Surface Turb Ac Scale turbulence
Validated Sonic Model Boom Propagation
Acoustics Physics acoustic database
Boom Simulator
Source Model

LES Subscall Model for

Spectral-Time Model for hot Jet Unsteady Shock Free Space Tub Ac Propulsion Components
Models
Model Hi-T Demo Intell. Auto. Source Model Demo SS
Val Motion Cueing for Dev Standard Int In Flt ASE/MLA/GLA
Controls Methods & Strategies; Dynamic Flex Veh Piloted Sims Sim Model Actuation Test Methods Prototype Hi-T
Sensor Sim
actuator suite

Modeling & Sim; Actuation/Sensors/ElectronicsEstab. SS Prop Dev Flying Qual G/L MESA Wind ASE Cont
Law Sim Int. A/F-Prop Sim Optical Shock Sensor Demo SS senor suite Validate Propulsion
Cont Req for Elastic Veh Tunnel Test Low Boom Traj Mgmt Flt Demo Control Unit Control System
Faster, Global, Quantitative Cockpit Near-Field Air-to-Air Pressure Sensitive Nonintrusive Skin
3D Velocity Measurements Probing Display Schlieren & IR Particles Friction Meas
Experimental & Measurement Techniques Near-Field Boom Probing
 HYPERSONICS
Validated Physics-based MDAO Tools
Level 4
Integrated with Technology Development
for hypersonics vehicles including cycle, risk, and gap analyses of design space for mission performance

Level 3
Propulsion Systems Vehicle Systems Experimental Capabilities
Design Design for Systems

Level 2

Materials & Structures Propulsion Aerodynamics, Advanced Controls Experimental

Aerothermodynamics Methods Capabilities
& Plasma Dynamics

Level 1

Materials & Energy Transport Phenomena Plasma Physics Measurement Techniques

Structures Modeling
Chemistry Propellants Unsteady/ transient Physics Experimental Techniques

Turbulence/Chemistry Fundamental Flow

Interactions Physics Modeling

Hypervelocity Propulsion CFD Methods

Physics
 Hypersonics
Research Topics
Technology development for Turbine Based Combine Cycle (TBCC) and
Propulsion Systems Rocket Based Combined Cycle (RBCC) propulsion systems to aid mode
Design transition between low-speed and high-speed flowpaths, and address
engine system thermal management and inlet operability
Materials for cryogenic tanking applications
Technologies to address the physics of combustion, hypersonic flows, and
entry, descent and landing
Lightweight high temperature materials for rotating and static components
Vehicle Systems Design Structural durability analysis methods including deterministic and
probabilistic life prediction techniques and non-destructive evaluation
Material and structure alternatives for vehicle hot structures
Methods and materials for developing improved thermal protection systems
for extreme flight regimes of hypersonic flight
Methods for a single extreme environment sensor to measure multiple flow
and structural values
Experimental Capabilities Optical sensors for flow characterization
for Systems
Multi-discipline control techniques for health monitoring
Air data system allowing air-ground communication with the vehicle
traveling Mach 12+ along the horizon
 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15
Hypersonics PB-MDAO Life Cycle, Risk, and Gap Analyses of Design Space for Mission Performance
Vehicle System Designs Baseline methods & ref Ref. Vehicle 1 Ref. Vehicle 2 Improved Ref. Vehicle 3 System Flight Optimized Level 4
vehicles defined
Propulsion System Designs selected selected methods/tools selected Experiments methods/tools

Experimental Flight Test Annual Portfolio assessment &

advanced system concepts reviews

GN&C Low Speed Flt GN&C Low Speed Flt Gen1 Full Envelope Advanced Ref Veh 3 Aero Fully coupled
Exp #1 Exp #2 Adv Sim & tools GN&C flow sim Assessment flow sim
Vehicle System Designs
Ref Veh 1 Aero
Assessment Ref Veh 2 Integrated Airframe Int Prop
TBCC/RBCC M4+ turbine Combined Cycle Aero Assessment Structure Combined load test Struct load test

Propulsion System Designs

Engine Design system exp Engine #1 Level 3
Combined Cycle
Combined
Low-cost Engine #2
Cycle
Facilities flight test techs Ref. Vehicle 1 Ref. Vehicle 2 Ref. Vehicle 3 Engine #3
Experimental Capabilities assessment test techs test techs test techs

for System Design Validation

Durable 3000 F Multi-cycle Robust airframe materials Robust propulsion materials
DCR Gen 1 High temp Multi-cycle TPS Gen 2 High temp Sensors processing/manuf processing/manuf
structural elements cryo tank
exp Sensors
Materials and Structures
Eval Adv mixing &
Validate adv Validate Extend dual mode Eval mixing & combustion ID Hybrid cycle concepts Combustion Methods Hypervelocity Eng Hypervelocity perf &
fan concept scramjet ops to M3 perf & models (eg. LOX addition) Design/Fab limits verified
hyperburner
Propulsion
Aeroelastic Laminar to turbulent
Transonic Drag assessment Hypersonic flow Nonequilibrium Quantify arc-jet Hypersonic flow
Assessment capability field sim trans sim
Aero/Aerothermo/Plasma Dynamics
LES CFD tools
Level 2
Eval Gen 1
Eval airdata sys Eval Gen 1 control trajectory tools Eval Gen 2 control Eval Gen 2
Eval SOA effectors & trajectory tools
concepts uncertainties sys & tools sys & tools
Advanced Controls
Eval SOA sensors for Flow quality instrumentation Flow quality instrumentation Dev/val sensors for propulsion
Eval flow quality instrumentation
Experimental Capabilities for Eval flow quality instrumentation
for vitiated facilities for pulsed facilities propulsion flowpath exps for vitiated facilities for pulsed facilities flowpath exps

Components & Facilities Testing

Probabilistic methods for High temp (>3000F) lifing Structural joining
extreme environment lifing & prob models techniques & char. Durability applc impacts
Material-damage Dynamic resp Sensory Integ structureal to (>3000F) prob lifing Bonded joining
meas tech Design for damage- techniques & char.
modes char. materials mode techniques TPS durability char.

Materials & Structures Modeling

SOA TPS Nano material TPS Propellant cryo tank & comp Dynamic response
Computational dmg tol matls-sys impacts NDE techniques (PMC,
durability char. materials (metallics) Cryo materials & durability char. Computational materials Multifunctional materials database CMC, metallics)
char. Database material systems Computational matls
(polymers, ceramics) (composites)

Fuel & additives Combined ecirc Multi-fidelity chem Catalysts & thermal
IRS Ignition/ Flameholding char. cavity & base flows kinetics models Multi-flowpath fluidics Mgmt. Devices
Coupled flow/ Primary mixing flow Exp. Val of reacting multi-flow
& propagation models micro data exchange
structural grid adapt with unst trans mod fluidic stab with BL effects
Level 1
Propulsion Physics Modeling
Model SOA fuel Multi-block, multi-point Multi-flowpath dynamic Shock interacting
inject/mix SOA methods Unsteady/pulsed turbo flow& stab calc. Exp. Valid aeromech flow macro data exchangeProbabilistic aerostab meth for reacting flow modeling Exp. Valid of Combined cycle
combustion models & stability models components (inlet, turbo, nozzle) dynamic flow/structural exchange

Aerodynamics,Aerothermodynamics,
Plasma Dynamics Methods Development
2D Radiation & non-equilibrium 3D Thermal MHD- Auto grid-morph unstruct Exp. Validation of turb DNS/ablation model of BL Exp. Validation of applied DNS with uncertainty
hyperflow models radiation modeling CFD & adaptability & trans with ablation flows with surface catalycity hyperflow/surface int modeling quantification capability
Turbulence & transition CFD unstructured Gas/Surface ablation Hybrid/PDF for HS weakly Deterministic CFD Parabolized stability for non-
modeling for hyperflows subgrid adaptability interactions ionized & reacting CFD uncertainty methods equilibrium hyperflow LES/PDF methods for Non-equilibrium DNS with
high speed reacting CFD hyperflow surface interactions

Adv. Diagnostic Inst. Probabilistics for extreme Adv. Thermo- Inst. For extended Molecular based & Validation tests of integ.
(diode Laser, PLIF) env Prognostic modeling chemical Inst. test time, size, quality structural inferencing Adv. Inst. For Multi-functional sensors diagnostics
large structures & Inference modeling Inst. & inference models

Experimental Measurement/Techniques
 Fundamental Aeronautics

Fundamental Aeronautics Office

Dr. Richard Wlezien, Program Director (Acting)
Mr. Herbert Schlickenmaier, Deputy Program Director (Acting)

Subsonic Fixed Wing Program Subsonic Rotary Wing Program

Dr. Fayette Collier, Principal Investigator Ms. Susan Gorton, Principal Investigator
Mr. Eddie Zavala, Program Manager Dr. Gloria Yamauchi, Program Manager
Mr. Dennis Huff, Program Scientist Dr. Wayne Johnson, Program Scientist
Mr. James Zakrajsek, Program Scientist

Supersonics Program Hypersonics Program

Mr. Peter Coen, Principal Investigator Mr. Randall Voland, Principal Investigator
Ms. MaryJo Long-Davis, Program Manager Dr. Paul Bartolotta, Program Manager
Dr. Lou Povinelli, Program Scientist Dr. Naji Mansour, Program Scientist