10/17/2016 ShortCircuitCurrentCalculation(BaseKVAMethod)|ElectricalNotes&Articles

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ShortCircuitCurrentCalculation(BaseKVAMethod)

SEPTEMBER9,2014 41COMMENTS(HTTPS://ELECTRICALNOTES.WORDPRESS.COM/2014/09/09/SHORTCIRCUIT
CURRENTCALCULATIONBASEKVAMETHOD/#COMMENTS)

Example:

CalculateFaultcurrentateachstageoffollowingElectricalSystemSLDhavingdetailsof.

MainIncomingHTSupplyVoltageis6.6KV.
FaultLevelatHTIncomingPowerSupplyis360MVA.
TransformerRatingis2.5MVA.
TransformerImpedanceis6%.

Calculation:

LetsrstconsiderBaseKVAandKVforHTandLTSide.
BaseKVAforHTside(H.T.BreakerandTransformerPrimary)is6MVA
BaseKVforHTside(H.T.BreakerandTransformerPrimary)is6.6KV
BaseKVAforLTside(TransformerSecondaryanddownStream)is2.5MVA
BaseKVforLTside(TransformerSecondaryanddownStream)is415V

FaultLevelatHTSide(UptoSubstation):
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10/17/2016 ShortCircuitCurrentCalculation(BaseKVAMethod)|ElectricalNotes&Articles

(1)FaultLevelfromHTincomingLinetoHTCircuitBreaker

HTCableusedfromHTincomingtoHTCircuitBreakeris5Runs,50Meter,6.6KV3Core400sq.mmAluminumCable,
ResistanceofCable0.1230/KmandReactanceofCableis0.0990/Km.
TotalCableResistance(R)=(LengthofCableXResistanceofCable)/NoofCable.
TotalCableResistance=(0.05X0.1230)/5
TotalCableResistance=0.001023
TotalCableReactance(X)=(LengthofCableXReactanceofCable)/NoofCable.
TotalCableReactance=(0.05X0.0990)/5
TotalCableReactance=0.00099
TotalCableImpedance(Zc1)=(RXR)+(XxX)
TotalCableImpedance(Zc1)=0.0014235(1)
UReactanceatH.T.BreakerIncomingTerminals(XPu)=FaultLevel/BaseKVA
UReactanceatH.T.BreakerIncomingTerminals(XPu)=360/6
U.ReactanceatH.T.BreakerIncomingTerminals(XPu)=0.01666PU(2)
TotalImpedanceuptoHTCircuitBreaker(ZPua)=(Zc1)+(XPu)=(1)+(2)
TotalImpedanceuptoHTCircuitBreaker(ZPua)=0.001435+0.01666
TotalImpedanceuptoHTCircuitBreaker(ZPua)=0.0181.(3)
FaultMVAatHTCircuitBreaker=BaseMVA/ZPua.
FaultMVAatHTCircuitBreaker=6/0.0181
FaultMVAatHTCircuitBreaker=332MVA
FaultCurrent=FaultMVA/BaseKV
FaultCurrent=332/6.6
FaultCurrentatHTCircuitBreaker=50KA

(2)FaultLevelfromHTCircuitBreakertoPrimarySideofTransformer

HTCableusedfromHTCircuitBreakertoTransformeris3Runs,400Meter,6.6KV3Core400sq.mmAluminiumCable,
ResistanceofCable0.1230/KmandReactanceofCableis0.0990/Km.
TotalCableResistance(R)=(LengthofCableXResistanceofCable)/NoofCable.
TotalCableResistance=(0.4X0.1230)/3
TotalCableResistance=0.01364
TotalCableReactance(X)=(LengthofCableXReactanceofCable)/NoofCable.
TotalCableReactance=(0.4X0.0990)/5
TotalCableReactance=0.01320
TotalCableImpedance(Zc2)=(RXR)+(XxX)
TotalCableImpedance(Zc2)=0.01898(4)
UImpedanceatPrimarysideofTransformer(ZPu)=(Zc2XBaseKVA)/(BaseKVxBaseKVx1000)
UImpedanceatPrimarysideofTransformer(ZPu)=(0.01898X6)/(6.66.61000)
UImpedanceatPrimarysideofTransformer(ZPu)=0.0026145PU(5)
TotalImpedance(ZPu)=(4)+(5)
TotalImpedance(ZPu)=0.01898+0.0026145
TotalImpedance(ZPu)=0.00261(6)
TotalImpedanceuptoPrimarysideofTransformer(ZPub)=(ZPu)+(ZPua)=(6)+(3)
TotalImpedanceuptoPrimarysideofTransformer(ZPub)=0.00261+0.0181
TotalImpedanceuptoPrimarysideofTransformer(ZPub)=0.02070.(7)
FaultMVAatPrimarysideofTransformer=BaseMVA/ZPub.
FaultMVAatPrimarysideofTransformer=6/0.02070
FaultMVAatPrimarysideofTransformer=290MVA
FaultCurrent=FaultMVA/BaseKV
FaultCurrent=290/6.6
FaultCurrentatPrimarysideofTransformer=44KA

(3)FaultLevelfromPrimarySideofTransformertoSecondarysideof
Transformer:

TransformerRatingis2.5MVAandTransformerImpedanceis6%.
%ReactanceatBaseKVA=(BaseKVAx%impedanceatRatedKVA)/RatedKVA
%ReactanceatBaseKVA=(2.5X6)/2.5
%ReactanceatBaseKVA=6%
U.ReactanceoftheTransformer(ZPu)=%Reactance/100
U.ReactanceoftheTransformer(ZPu)=6/100=0.06(8)
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U.ReactanceoftheTransformer(ZPu)=%Reactance/100
U.ReactanceoftheTransformer(ZPu)=6/100=0.06(8)
TotalP.U.impedanceuptoTransformerSecondaryWinding(ZPuc)=(ZPu)+(ZPub)=(7)+(8)
TotalP.U.impedanceuptoTransformerSecondaryWinding(ZPuc)=0.06+0.02070
TotalP.U.impedanceuptoTransformerSecondaryWinding(ZPuc)=0.0807(9)
FaultMVAatTransformerSecondaryWinding=BaseMVA/ZPuc
FaultMVAatTransformerSecondaryWinding=2.5/0.0807
FaultMVAatTransformerSecondaryWinding=31MVA
FaultCurrent=FaultMVA/BaseKV
FaultCurrent=31/(1.7320.415)
FaultCurrentatTransformerSecondaryWinding=43KA

FaultLevelatLTSide(SubstationtoDownstream):

(4)FaultLevelfromTransformerSecondarytoMainLTPanel

LTCableusedfromTransformerSecondarytoMainLTPanelis13Runs,12Meter,1KV,3.5Cx400Sq.mmAluminiumCable,
ResistanceofCable0.1230/KmandReactanceofCableis0.0618/Km.
TotalCableResistance(R)=(LengthofCableXResistanceofCable)/NoofCable.
TotalCableResistance=(0.012X0.1230)/13
TotalCableResistance=0.00009
TotalCableReactance(X)=(LengthofCableXReactanceofCable)/NoofCable.
TotalCableReactance=(0.012X0.0618)/13
TotalCableReactance=0.00006
TotalCableImpedance(Zc3)=(RXR)+(XxX)
TotalCableImpedance(Zc3)=0.00011(10)
UImpedanceatMainLTPanel(ZPu)=(Zc3XBaseKVA)/(BaseKVxBaseKVx1000)
UImpedanceatMainLTPanel(ZPu)=(0.00011X2.51000)/(0.4150.415X1000)
PP.UImpedanceatMainLTPanel(ZPu)=001601(11)
TotalImpedanceuptoMainLTPanel(ZPud)=(Zc3)+(ZPuc)=(11)+(9)
TotalImpedanceuptoMainLTPanel(ZPud)=0.001601+0.0807
TotalImpedanceuptoMainLTPanel(ZPud)=0.082306.(12)
FaultMVAatMainLTPanel=BaseMVA/ZPua.
FaultMVAatMainLTPanel=2.5/0.082306
FaultMVAatMainLTPanel=30MVA
FaultCurrent=FaultMVA/BaseKV
FaultCurrent=30/(1.732X0.415)
FaultCurrentatMainLtPanel=42KA

(5)FaultLevelfromMainLTPaneltoSubPanel:

LTCableusedfromMainLTPaneltoSubPanelis2Runs,160Meter,1KV,3.5Cx400Sq.mmAluminiumCable,Resistanceof
Cable0.1230/KmandReactanceofCableis0.0618/Km.
TotalCableResistance(R)=(LengthofCableXResistanceofCable)/NoofCable.
TotalCableResistance=(0.160X0.1230)/2
TotalCableResistance=0.008184
TotalCableReactance(X)=(LengthofCableXReactanceofCable)/NoofCable.
TotalCableReactance=(0.160X0.0618)/2
TotalCableReactance=0.004944
TotalCableImpedance(Zc4)=(RXR)+(XxX)
TotalCableImpedance(Zc4)=0.0095614(13)
UImpedanceatSubPanel(ZPu)=(Zc4XBaseKVA)/(BaseKVxBaseKVx1000)
UImpedanceatSubPanel(ZPu)=(0.0095614X2.51000)/(0.4150.415X1000)
PP.UImpedanceatSubPanel(ZPu)=13879(14)
TotalImpedanceuptoSubPanel(ZPue)=(Zc4)+(ZPud)=(14)+(12)
TotalImpedanceuptoSubPanel(ZPue)=0.13879+0.082306
TotalImpedanceuptoSubPanel(ZPue)=0.2211.(15)
FaultMVAatSubPanel=BaseMVA/ZPua.
FaultMVAatSubPanel=2.5/0.2211
FaultMVAatSubPanel=11MVA
FaultCurrent=FaultMVA/BaseKV
FaultCurrent=11/(1.732X0.415)
FaultCurrentatSubPanel=16KA
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FaultCurrentatSubPanel=16KA

(6)FaultLevelfromSubPaneltoMotorControlPanel:

LTCableusedfromSubPaneltoMotorControlPanelis6Runs,150Meter,1KV,3.5Cx400Sq.mmAluminiumCable,
ResistanceofCable0.1230/KmandReactanceofCableis0.0739/Km.
TotalCableResistance(R)=(LengthofCableXResistanceofCable)/NoofCable.
TotalCableResistance=(0.150X0.1230)/6
TotalCableResistance=0.003075
TotalCableReactance(X)=(LengthofCableXReactanceofCable)/NoofCable.
TotalCableReactance=(0.150X0.0739)/6
TotalCableReactance=0.0018475
TotalCableImpedance(Zc5)=(RXR)+(XxX)
TotalCableImpedance(Zc4)=0.003587(16)
UImpedanceatMotorControlPanel(ZPu)=(Zc5XBaseKVA)/(BaseKVxBaseKVx1000)
UImpedanceatMotorControlPanel(ZPu)=(0.003587X2.51000)/(0.4150.415X1000)
PP.UImpedanceatMotorControlPanel(ZPu)=05207(17)
TotalImpedanceuptoMotorControlPanel(ZPuf)=(Zc5)+(ZPue)=(17)+(15)
TotalImpedanceuptoMotorControlPanel(ZPue)=0.13879+0.2211
TotalImpedanceuptoMotorControlPanel(ZPue)=0.27317.(15)
FaultMVAatMotorControlPanel=BaseMVA/ZPua.
FaultMVAatMotorControlPanel=2.5/0.27317
FaultMVAatMotorControlPanel=9MVA
FaultCurrent=FaultMVA/BaseKV
FaultCurrent=9/(1.732X0.415)
FaultCurrentatMotorControlPanel=13KA

SummaryofCalculation:

Sr.No FaultLocation FaultMVA FaultCurrent(KA)

1 332 50
AtHTCircuitBreaker

2 290 44
AtPrimarySideofTransformer

3 31 43
AtSecondarySideofTransformer

4 30 42
AtMainLTPanel

5 11 16
AtSubMainPanel

6 9 13
AtMotorControlPanel

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FILEDUNDERUNCATEGORIZED

AboutJignesh.Parmar
JigneshParmarhascompletedM.Tech(PowerSystemControl),B.E(Electrical)fromGujaratUniversity.Hehasmorethan13years
experienceinPowerTransmissionPowerDistributionElectricalenergytheftdetectionElectricalMaintenanceElectrical
Projects(PlanningDesigningcoordinationExecution).HeisPresentlyassociatewithoneoftheleadingbusinessgroupasaDeputy

ManageratAhmedabad,India.HeisFreelancerProgrammerofAdvanceExcelanddesignusefulExcelSheetsofElectrical
https://electricalnotes.wordpress.com/2014/09/09/shortcircuitcurrentcalculationbasekvamethod/ 4/9
10/17/2016 ShortCircuitCurrentCalculation(BaseKVAMethod)|ElectricalNotes&Articles
ManageratAhmedabad,India.HeisFreelancerProgrammerofAdvanceExcelanddesignusefulExcelSheetsofElectrical
EngineeringasperIS,NEC,IEC,IEEEcodes.HeistechnicalAuthorforElectricalMirrorandElectricalIndiaMagazines.Heis
TechnicalBloggerandFamiliarwithEnglish,Hindi,Gujarati,Frenchlanguages.HewantstoSharehisexperience&knowledgeand
helptechnicalenthusiaststondsuitablesolutionsandupdatingthemselvesonvariousEngineeringTopics.

41ResponsestoShortCircuitCurrentCalculation(BaseKVAMethod)

dsays:
September9,2014at5:02pm
reallyusefulnotes

Reply
BASKAR.Csays:
September10,2014at2:12am
GoodMorning,

Thankyouforsharingvaluableinformation.

Yourexplanationandsimpleandeasytounderstand,

Keepgoing

Thanks&Regards,
BASKAR.C

Reply
palanisays:
September10,2014at4:06am
Hellosir,Goodmorning.Ihaveonedoubtforfaultcurrentcalculation.Pleaseexplainmewhatarethemethodsareavailablefor
caculatethefaultcurrent?Thsnks,palanifromkolhapurindia.

SentfromSamsungMobile

Reply
YaqdhanMerzahsays:
September10,2014at5:22am
DearParmer,
Kindlyiwouldliketoinformyouthereisamistakeinthecalculationintherstone(1)FaultLevelfromHTincomingLineto
HTCircuitBreakerwhichishapenedwhenyoucalculatingtheResistance(0.05*0.1230)/5=0.00123andthiscausechangeinthe
totalimpedanceandsoon
thanksforyourgreateort.
wishuallthebest

Reply
vasantJoshisays:
September11,2014at4:22am
DearJignesh.ParmarthankyouverymuchforsharingNicearticleonFaultlevelcalculations.RegardsVVJoshi

Reply
udaykuamrsays:
September11,2014at11:48am
Hellosir,

Foratypicalindustrialpowerdistributionsystem,whichpredominantlyhaveinductionmotors,doweneedtoconsiderthe
motorcontributiontotheshortcircuitcurents?ifyesthenhowdowedoit?

Regards,
UdayKuamr

Reply
shantanmishrasays:
September17,2014at2:15am
DearJignesh.ParmarthankyouverymuchforsharingNicearticleonFaultlevelcalculations.

Regards,

shantanMishraBangalore.

Reply
Ateeqsays:
https://electricalnotes.wordpress.com/2014/09/09/shortcircuitcurrentcalculationbasekvamethod/ 5/9
10/17/2016 ShortCircuitCurrentCalculation(BaseKVAMethod)|ElectricalNotes&Articles
Ateeqsays:
September22,2014at6:08am
DearSirCouldyouexplanemefromwhereweget360/6=0.01666ureactanceatHTBreakerincomingterminal,,andalsoplease
tellhowtotakeFaultLevelatHTIncomingPowerSupplyis360MVAplease

Reply
c.sundarrajansays:
August16,2016at9:10am
Sir,howyoucalculatefaultlevelatHTincomingsideie360MVA

Reply
Aniketsays:
August16,2016at4:58pm
HellopleasetellmehowtocalculateEarthfaultcurrentfromTransformertopanel

Deepaksays:
October1,2014at9:15am
PleasehelpmethathowTransformerimpedancecomesinpicturetodecidefaultlevelonprimarysideofTransformer?

Reply
AdityaPavanKumarUsays:
October5,2014at3:24pm
Sir,Withduerespect,IwouldliketosaythatIntheabovecalculationsZ(impedanceofcable)havingunitsinohmsisaddedtoZ
pu(ofcable)havingnounits.IthinkthatadditionshouldbeavoidedinthesecalculationsbecauseonlyZpu(uptothatparticular
point)istheonlyparameterthatshouldbeusedduringeverystepofndingFAULTMVA.Alsoinafewareas(atHTSIDE
particularly)1.732wasmissed.ThankYou

Reply
weyforteysays:
November4,2014at4:27am
Thankyouforsharingyourknowledge.Haveyouwri enbooksonElectricalEngineering?

Reply
jaisays:
January7,2015at7:15am
dearsir,

howtocalculateelectricalclearanceinsubstation

anyformulaplssendussir

Reply
jamessays:
February15,2015at6:28am
A315kva3phasehas120A,115Aand130A.Whatisthetotalcurrentandpower

Reply
Dhananjaya.Hsays:
March7,2015at7:27am
DearSirCouldyouexplanemefromwhereweget360/6=0.01666ureactantsatHTBreakerincomingterminal(XPu).

Reply
M.Palanisamysays:
May18,2015at6:32am
DearSir,

CouldyouexplainthathowtoselectbaseKVAfordierentKVlevels

Reply
Nareshsays:
July7,2015at1:21pm
Jigneshsir,Iamverythankfultoyouforprovidingagreatmaterialandeducatingallofus.

SirIhaveasmalldoubtinshortcircuitcurrentanalysis.
SirWhydoweconsiderthesamecablesize(I.e.400sq.mmaluminium)atallthesections(bothH.T,L.T.)sides.
Pleaseletmeknowmydoubtsirthankingyou

Reply
EDWINsays:
August18,2015at5:29am
Excellent

Reply
PVSSSAIRAMsays:
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10/17/2016
Reply ShortCircuitCurrentCalculation(BaseKVAMethod)|ElectricalNotes&Articles
PVSSSAIRAMsays:
September7,2015at9:23am
JigneshJi,wellexplainedaboutshortcircuitcalculations.

Reply
shivkumarsays:
November10,2015at7:11am
DearSir,
Howyouconsidered
BaseKVAforHTside(H.T.BreakerandTransformerPrimary)is6MVA
Plztellme.

Thanks&Regards
Shiv

Reply
ShivKumarsays:
November26,2015at7:37am
DearSir,

IfTransformersecondarytoLTpanel,wewilluseBusbarthanhowtocalculateCurrent/orasperabovedetailsconsideration
willbesame.Plzreplymycomments

Thanks

Shiv

Reply
Breakersays:
January15,2016at9:29am
Hibrother

CanyoupleaseshowMethodforcalculateelectricbreakerbothmono,threephaseuseinhoursorApartmentandgiveexample.

Thankandbestregard!
Silay

Reply
farhadsays:
January20,2016at4:20am
fine

Reply
murugadosssays:
February10,2016at1:32pm
sir,couldyoupleasehowyouaretaken360/6?

Reply
indrasays:
March1,2016at9:13am
Iwouldliketoknowthefaultlevelwillbegiven?

Reply
Abhisheksays:
March8,2016at10:17am
WhatisUReactance

Reply
Pramod.Patilsays:
March17,2016at5:59am
Youaresharingexcellentknowledgeitwillhelpustobuildourtechnicalskillthanku

Reply
Bhanubansalsays:
March17,2016at7:18am
Thankyousomuchforsuchawonderfulexplainationbestihaveeverseen

Reply
PREMJITHMPsays:
April4,2016at5:07pm
DearSircanyoukindlyexplainmefromwhereweget360/6=0.01666ureactantsatHTBreakerincomingterminal(XPu).

Reply
Pongosays:
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10/17/2016 ShortCircuitCurrentCalculation(BaseKVAMethod)|ElectricalNotes&Articles
Pongosays:
April22,2016at8:54am
Greatarticle.AsanelectricianIstruggledwiththisforalongtime.IfyouhaveanIPhonethereissgreatAppcalledTransformer
Piethatworksoutatranniesshortcircuitcurrentforyou.Maybeifuse?Pongo

Reply
kblsethsays:
May7,2016at11:23am
HowMVADIVIDEDBYOHMCANGIVEMVAagain

Reply
Bhawanasays:
May18,2016at4:37pm
Thankualotofforbestexplanationandmakeunderstandinbe erway.Thanksusomuchagain.

Reply
muizsays:
May19,2016at2:13pm
Hellosir,Ihaveonedoubtforcableshortcircuitcalculation&lightingcalculation.Pleaseexplainmewhatarethemethodsare
availableforcaculate?Thsnks,

Reply
MohamedAkramKhansays:
May22,2016at4:41am
Eng.Parmar,Sir,excellentexampleoffaultcalculation.OneofthebestIhavecomeacross.Ihaveonequestion.Howdidyouget
theBaseKVAas6MVAandshouldthisnotbebaseMVA.Thetransformercapacityis2.5MVAbuttheBaseKVAistakenas6
andIdonotknowfromwherethisvaluewastaken.
Kindlyassist.

Reply
rajusays:
May25,2016at10:18am
dearjignesh
therearesomeofmistakearethereincalculation(notinprocedure).sometimenotconverttheimpedencesintoperunits.please
rectify

Reply
Rajvisays:
May31,2016at10:43am
DearSirCouldyouexplanemefromwhereweget360/6=0.01666ureactantsatHTBreakerincomingterminal(XPu).
andhowbaseKVAis6MVAforincoming

Reply
irfansays:
June3,2016at5:35am
Hisir.

FaultLevelatHTIncomingPowerSupplyis360MVA.howutakenthatfaultMVA?

Reply
francisnkrumahsays:
June21,2016at9:54am
hiamfrancisnkrumahfromghanaandiwantutohelpmewithsomeproblemineedtometera2.5mvatransformerwithact
paneliwanttoknowwhatctratingcanbeusedforthe2.5mvahopetohearfromusoon

Reply
MyTVsays:
July5,2016at9:45am
H.T,Whatdoesthismean?canyouhelpme?thanksomuch

Reply
anandmc05says:
July12,2016at5:32am
IJustwanttotell,themethodsareverycomplicatedandnotunderstandable.Howdidyougetthis(BaseKVAforHTside(H.T.
BreakerandTransformerPrimary)is6MVA).

Reply

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