SkillPower - Probability Questions

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CONTACTonUSProbability
Questions (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/CONTACT/)
for data science [Solution: SkillPower Probability,
DataFest 2017] (https://www.analyticsvidhya.com/blog/2017/04/40-questions-on-
probability-for-all-aspiring-data-scientists/)
40
HOMEQuestions on Probability
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data science [Solution: SkillPower

Probability, DataFest 2017] (https://datahack.analyticsvidhya.com/contest/avdatafest
BUSINESS ANALYTICS (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/CATEGORY/BUSINESS- keynote-session-by-
ANALYTICS/) srikanth-velamakanni/)
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Introduction
Introduction (https://www.analyticsvidhya.com)
MIT Executive
Probability forms the backbone of many important data science
HOME (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/)
concepts from inferential statistics to Bayesian networks. It Ed Courses
would not be wrong to say that the journey of mastering
Join Global Execs for
statistics begins with probability. This skilltest was conducted to
help you identify your skill level in probability. Cutting-Edge Courses. Apply
TRAININGS (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/TRAININGS/) Now To Get Ahead.
A total of 1249 people registered for this skill test. The test was
designed to test the conceptual knowledge of probability. If executive.mit.edu
DISCUSS
you (HTTPS://DISCUSS.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM)
are one of those who missed out on this skill test, here are
the questions and solutions. You missed on the real time test,
LEARNING
but PATHS (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/LEARNING-PATHS-DATA-SCIENCE-BUSINESS-ANALYTICS-
can read this article to nd out how you could have
answered correctly.
Here are the leaderboard
(https://datahack.analyticsvidhya.com/contest/skilltest-
probability/lb) ranking for all the participants.

(https://upgrad.com/data-
Overall Scores
analytics?
utm_source=AV&utm_medium=Display&utm_campaign=DA
Below are the distribution scores, they will help you evaluate
your performance.
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test and the highest score obtained was 38. Here are a few guide-regression/)
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Mode Score: 15
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This was also the rst test where some one scored as high as
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Useful Resources algorithms/)
Basics of Probability for Data Science explained with examples 6 Easy Steps to Learn
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(with code in Python)
probability-data-science-with-examples/)
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tutorial-time-series-
modeling/)
DISCUSS (HTTPS://DISCUSS.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM) Understanding Support
1) Let A and B be events on the same sample space, with P (A) Vector Machine
= 0.6 and P (B) = 0.7. Can these two events be disjoint? algorithm from
examples (along with
A) Yes code)
BUSINESS-INTELLIGENCE-BIG-DATA/) (https://www.analyticsvidhya.com/blog/2015/10/und
B) No support-vector-
machine-example-
Solution: (B) code/)
A comprehensive
WRITE two
These FOR US (HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/)
events cannot be disjoint because P(A)+P(B) >1. beginners guide to
create a Time Series
Forecast (with Codes in
DATAFEST
P(AB) 2017 (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/DATAFEST-2017)
= P(A)+P(B)-P(AB).
Python)
An event is disjoint if P(AB) = 0. If A and B are disjoint P(AB) = (https://www.analyticsvidhya.com/blog/2016/02/tim

CONTACT US (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/CONTACT/) series-forecasting-
0.6+0.7 = 1.3
codes-python/)
And Since probability cannot be greater than 1, these two
mentioned events cannot be disjoint.
2) Alice has 2 kids and one of them is a girl. What is the

probability that the other child is also a girl?
TRAININGS
You (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/TRAININGS/)
can assume that there are an equal number of males and
females in the world.
A) 0.5
B) 0.25
C)LEARNING
0.333 PATHS (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/LEARNING-PATHS-DATA-SCIENCE-BUSINESS-ANALYTICS-
D) 0.75
Solution: (C)
The outcomes for two kids can be {BB, BG, GB, GG}
Since it is mentioned that one of them is a girl, we can remove
WRITE
the BBFOR US (HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/)
option from the sample space. Therefore the sample
(http://imarticus.org/diploma-
space has 3 options while only one ts the second condition. in-big-data-analytics?
Therefore the (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/DATAFEST-2017)
DATAFEST 2017 probability the second child will be a girl too is id=AnalyticsVidhya)
1/3.

CONTACT US (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/CONTACT/) RECENT POSTS
3) A fair six-sided die is rolled twice. What is the probability
of getting 2 on the rst roll and not getting 4 on the second
roll?
(https://www.analyticsvidhya.com/blog/2017/04/behavio
analytics-when-psychology-collides-analytics/)
A) 1/36
Behavioral
B) 1/18
JOBS (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/JOBS/) Analytics : When
C) 5/36
Psychology
D) 1/6
collides with
E)TRAININGS
1/3 (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/TRAININGS/)
analytics
Solution: (C)
(https://www.an
DISCUSS (HTTPS://DISCUSS.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM) alyticsvidhya.co
The two events mentioned are independent. The rst roll of the
m/blog/2017/04
die is independent of the second roll. Therefore the /behavioral-
probabilities can be directly multiplied. analytics-when-

psychology-
P(getting rst 2) = 1/6
BUSINESS-INTELLIGENCE-BIG-DATA/) collides-
analytics/)
P(no second 4) = 5/6 TAVISH SRIVASTAVA
Therefore P(getting rst 2 and no second 4) = 1/6* 5/6 = 5/36
(https://www.analyticsvidhya.com/blog/2017/04/40-
DATAFEST 2017 (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/DATAFEST-2017) questions-test-data-scientist-deep-learning/)
4)
40 Questions to
CONTACT US (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/CONTACT/) test a data
scientist on
A) True Deep Learning
B) False [Solution:
(https://www.analyticsvidhya.com) SkillPower
Solution: (A) Deep Learning,
DataFest
HOME (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/) BLOG (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/) 2017]
P(ACc) will be only P(A). P(only A)+P(C) will make it P(AC). (https://www.an
P(BAcCc) is P(only B) Therefore P(AC) and P(only B) will alyticsvidhya.co
JOBS (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/JOBS/) m/blog/2017/04
make P(ABC)
/40-questions-
test-data-
scientist-deep-
learning/)
5)DISCUSS
Consider a tetrahedral die and roll it
(HTTPS://DISCUSS.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM) twice. What is the
FAIZAN SHAIKH , AP
probability that the number on the rst roll is strictly higher
than the number on the second roll?
Note: A tetrahedral die has only four sides (1, 2, 3 and 4).
BUSINESS-INTELLIGENCE-BIG-DATA/) (https://www.analyticsvidhya.com/blog/2017/04/analytic
A) 1/2 vidhyas-journey-from-a-part-time-blog-to-top-data-
B) 3/8 science-knowledge-portal/)
C) 7/16 Analytics Vidhya
D) 9/16 turns 4 A
WRITE FOR(B)
Solution: US (HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/) journey from a
part-time blog to
(1,1) (2,1) (3,1) (4,1) Top Data Science
Knowledge
(1,2) (2,2) (3,2) (4,2) Portal

CONTACT(2,3)
(1,3) US (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/CONTACT/)
(3,3) (4,3) (https://www.an
alyticsvidhya.co
m/blog/2017/04
(1,4) (2,4) (3,4) (4,4) /analytics-
(https://www.analyticsvidhya.com) vidhyas-journey-
There are 6 out of 16 possibilities where the rst roll is strictly
from-a-part-
higher than the second roll. time-blog-to-
top-data-
science-
JOBS (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/JOBS/) knowledge-
6) Which of the following options cannot be the probability of portal/)
any event? SWATI KASHYAP , AP
A) -0.00001
B)DISCUSS
0.5 (HTTPS://DISCUSS.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM)
C) 1.001
(https://www.analyticsvidhya.com/blog/2017/04/40-
A) Only A questions-on-time-series-solution-skillpower-time-
B) Only B series-datafest-2017/)
C)BUSINESS-INTELLIGENCE-BIG-DATA/)
Only C 40 Questions to
D) A and B test a data
E)DATAHACK
B and C (HTTPS://DATAHACK.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM) scientist on Time
F) A and C Series [Solution:
Solution: (F) SkillPower
WRITE FOR US (HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/) Time Series,
DataFest 2017]
Probability always lie within 0 to 1.
(https://www.an
alyticsvidhya.co
m/blog/2017/04

CONTACT US (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/CONTACT/) /40-questions-
on-time-series-
solution-
7) Anita randomly picks 4 cards from a deck of 52-cards and skillpower-time-
(https://www.analyticsvidhya.com) series-datafest-
places them back into the deck ( Any set of 4 cards is equally
likely ). Then, Babita randomly chooses 8 cards out of the 2017/)
SAURABH.JAJU2 , AP
HOME deck
same (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/)
( Any set of 8 cards is equallyBLOG (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/)
likely). Assume that
the choice of 4 cards by Anita and the choice of 8 cards by
Babita are independent. What is the probability that all 4
cards chosen by Anita are in the set of 8 cards chosen by
Babita?
A)48C4 x 52C4
B)DISCUSS (HTTPS://DISCUSS.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM)
48C x 52
4 C8
C)48C8 x 52C8
(http://www.edvancer.in/certi ed-
D) None of the above data-scientist-with-python-
Solution: (A) course?
utm_source=AV&utm_medium=AVads&utm_campaign=AV
The total number

DATAHACK of possible combination would
(HTTPS://DATAHACK.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM) be 52C4 (For
selecting 4 cards by Anita) * 52C8 (For selecting 8 cards by
GET CONNECTED
Babita).
Since, the 4 cards that Anita chooses is among the 8 cards

9,329
DATAFEST
which 2017 (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/DATAFEST-2017)
Babita has chosen, thus the number of combinations FOLLOWERS
possible is 52C4 (For selecting the 4 cards selected by Anita) * (http://www.twitter.com/analyticsvidhya)

CONTACT
48C4 (ForUSselecting
(HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/CONTACT/)
any other 4 cards by Babita, since the 4
cards selected by Anita are common)
31,032
(https://www.analyticsvidhya.com) FOLLOWERS
Question Context 8: (http://www.facebook.com/Analyticsvidhya)

1,727
A player is randomly dealt a sequence of 13 cards from a
FOLLOWERS
deck of 52-cards. All sequences of 13 cards are equally likely. (https://plus.google.com/+Analyticsvidhya)

In an equivalent model, the cards are chosen and dealt one Email
SUBSCRIBE
at a time. When choosing a card, the dealer is equally likely
toTRAININGS
pick any(HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/TRAININGS/)
of the cards that remain in the deck. (http://feedburner.google.com/fb/a/mailverify?
uri=analyticsvidhya)
8)DISCUSS (HTTPS://DISCUSS.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM)
If you dealt 13 cards, what is the probability that the 13th
card is a King?

A) 1/52
B) 1/13
C) 1/26
DATAHACK (HTTPS://DATAHACK.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM) (https://datahack.analyticsvidhya.com/contest/avdatafest

D) 1/12
keynote-session-by-
Solution: (B) srikanth-velamakanni/)
Since we are not told anything about the rst 12 cards that are
dealt, the2017
DATAFEST probability that the 13th card dealt is a King, is the
(HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/DATAFEST-2017)
same as the probability that the rst card dealt, or in fact any
particular card dealt is a King, and this equals: 4/52
9) A fair six-sided die is rolled 6 times. What is the probability

of getting all outcomes as unique?
A)HOME
0.01543
(HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/) BLOG (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/)
B) 0.01993
C) 0.23148
D)JOBS (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/JOBS/)
0.03333
Solution: (A) (https://datahack.analyticsvidhya.com/contest/machine-
TRAININGS (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/TRAININGS/) learning-hackathon/)
For all the outcomes to be unique, we have 6 choices for the
rst turn, 5 for the second turn, 4 for the third turn and so on
Therefore the probability if getting all unique outcomes will be

LEARNING
equal PATHS (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/LEARNING-PATHS-DATA-SCIENCE-BUSINESS-ANALYTICS-
to 0.01543
10) A group of 60 students is randomly split into 3 classes of

DATAHACK
equal size.(HTTPS://DATAHACK.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM)

All partitions are equally likely. Jack and Jill are
two students belonging to that group. What is the probability
WRITE
that FORand
Jack US (HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/)
Jill will end up in the same class?
A) 1/3
B) 19/59
C) 18/58

D)CONTACT
1/2 US (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/CONTACT/)
Solution: (B)
Assign a di erent number to each student from 1 to 60.
Numbers 1 to 20 go in group 1, 21 to 40 go to group 2, 41 to 60
go to group 3.
All possible partitions are obtained with equal probability by a
random assignment if these numbers, it doesnt matter with
which students we start, so we are free to start by assigning a
random number to Jack and then we assign a random number
to Jill. After Jack has been assigned a random number there are
59 random numbers available for Jill and 19 of these will put
DISCUSS
her (HTTPS://DISCUSS.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM)
in the same group as Jack. Therefore the probability is
19/59
11) We have two coins, A and B. For each toss of coin A, the
probability of getting head is 1/2 and for each toss of coin B,
DATAHACK
the (HTTPS://DATAHACK.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM)
probability of the same
of getting Heads is 1/3. All tosses
coin are independent. We select a coin at random and toss it
WRITE
till we FOR
get US (HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/)
a head. The probability of selecting coin A is and
coin B is 3/4. What is the expected number of tosses to get
the rst heads?
A) 2.75

B)CONTACT
3.35 US (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/CONTACT/)
C) 4.13
D) 5.33
Solution: (A) (https://www.analyticsvidhya.com)
If HOME
coin (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/)
A is selected then the number of times the coin would
be tossed for a guaranteed Heads is 2, similarly, for coin B it is 3.
Thus the number of times would be
Tosses = 2 * (1/4)[probability of selecting coin A] + 3*(3/4)

[probability of selecting coin B]
DISCUSS
= 2.75
(HTTPS://DISCUSS.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM)

12) Suppose a life insurance company sells a $240,000 one
year term life insurance policy to a 25-year old female for
$210. The probability that the female survives the year is
.999592. Find the expected value of this policy for the
insurance company.
A)WRITE
$131 FOR US (HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/)
B) $140
C) $112

D)CONTACT
$125 US (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/CONTACT/)
Solution: (C)
P(company loses the money ) = 0.99592
P(company does not lose the money ) = 0.000408

The amount of money company loses if it loses = 240,000 210
= 239790
While the money it gains is $210

Expected money the company will have to give =
239790*0.000408 = 97.8
Expect money company gets = 210.

Therefore the value = 210 98 = $112
13)
A) True
B) False

Solution: (A)
The above statement is true. You would need to know that
P(A/B) = P(AB)/P(B)
P(CcA|A) = P(CcAA)/P(A) = P(CcA)/P(A)
P(B|A Cc) = P(ABCc)/P(A Cc)
Multiplying the three we would get P(ABCc), hence the
equations holds true
LEARNING
14) When PATHS (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/LEARNING-PATHS-DATA-SCIENCE-BUSINESS-ANALYTICS-
an event A independent of itself?
A) Always
B) If and only if P(A)=0
C) If and only if P(A)=1
D)DATAHACK (HTTPS://DATAHACK.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM)
If and only if P(A)=0 or 1
Solution: (D)
The event can only be independent of itself when either there
is no chance of it happening or when it is certain to happen.
Event A and B is independent when P(AB) = P(A)*P(B). Now if
B=A, P(AA) = P(A) when P(A) = 0 or 1.

15) Suppose youre in the nal round of Lets make a deal

game show and you are supposed to choose from three
doors 1, 2 & 3. One of the three doors has a car behind it and
HOME two
other (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/)
doors have goats. Lets say you BLOG (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/)
choose Door 1 and
the host opens Door 3 which has a goat behind it. To assure
the
JOBSprobability of your win, which of the following options
(HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/JOBS/)
would you choose.
A) Switch your choice
B) Retain your choice
C)DISCUSS (HTTPS://DISCUSS.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM)
It doesnt matter probability of winning or losing is the same with
or without revealing one door
Solution: (A)
I would recommend reading this article

(https://www.analyticsvidhya.com/blog/2014/04/probability-
action-monty-halls-money-show/) for a detailed discussion of
the Monty (HTTPS://DATAHACK.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM)
DATAHACK Halls Problem.

16) Cross-fertilizing a red and a white ower produces red
DATAFEST
owers 25%2017of
the time. Now we cross-fertilize ve pairs of
red and white owers and produce ve o spring. What is the
probability that there are no red ower plants in the ve
o spring?
A) 23.7%
B) 37.2% (https://www.analyticsvidhya.com)
C) 22.5%
D) 27.3%
Solution: (A)
JOBS probability
The (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/JOBS/)
of o spring being Red is 0.25, thus the
probability of the o spring not being red is 0.75. Since all the
TRAININGS
pairs (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/TRAININGS/)
are independent of each other, the probability that all the
o springs are not red would be (0.75)5 = 0.237. You can think of
this as a binomial
DISCUSS with all failures.

17) A roulette wheel has 38 slots 18 red, 18 black, and 2
green. You play ve games and always bet on red slots. How
many games can you expect to win?
A) 1.1165
B)WRITE FOR US2.6316

2.3684C) (HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/)
C)DATAFEST
2.6316 2017 (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/DATAFEST-2017)
D) 4.7368

CONTACT US
Solution: (B)(HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/CONTACT/)
The probability that it would be Red in any spin is 18/38. Now,
you are playing the game 5 times and all the games are
independent of each other. Thus, the number of games that
HOME
you (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/)
can win would be 5*(18/38) = 2.3684 BLOG (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/)
18) A roulette wheel has 38 slots, 18 are red, 18 are black, and
2 TRAININGS
are green.(HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/TRAININGS/)
You play ve games and always bet on red. What
is the probability that you win all the 5 games?
A) 0.0368
B) 0.0238
C)LEARNING

D) 0.0473
Solution: (B)
The probability that it would be Red in any spin is 18/38. Now,

you are playing for game 5 times and all the games are
independent of each other. Thus, the probability that you win all
WRITE
the FOR US
games is (HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/)
(18/38)5 = 0.0238
19) Some test scores follow a normal distribution with a

mean of 18 and a standard deviation of 6. What proportion of
test takers have scored between 18 and 24?
A) 20%
B) 22% (https://www.analyticsvidhya.com)
C) 34%
D) None of the above
Solution: (C)
JOBS
So (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/JOBS/)
here we would need to calculate the Z scores for value
being 18 and 24. We can easily doing that by putting sample
TRAININGS
mean as (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/TRAININGS/)
18 and population mean as 18 with = 6 and
calculating Z. Similarly we can calculate Z for sample mean as
24.
Z= (X-)/
Therefore for 26 as X,
Z = (18-18)/6 = 0 , looking at the Z table we nd 50% people
have scores below 18.
For 24 as X
Z = (24-18)/6 = 1, looking at the Z table we nd 84% people
have scores below 24.
Therefore around 34% people have scores between 18 and 24.

20) A jar contains 4 marbles. 3 Red & 1 white. Two marbles are
drawn with replacement after each draw. What is the
probability that the same color marble is drawn twice?
A) 1/2
B) 1/3
C) 5/8
D) 1/8
TRAININGS(C)
Solution: (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/TRAININGS/)
If the marbles are of the same color then it will be 3/4 * 3/4 +
1/4 * 1/4 = 5/8.
21) Which of the following events is most likely?

A) At least one 6, when 6 dice are rolled

B) At least 2 sixes when 12 dice are rolled
C) At least 3 sixes when 18 dice are rolled
D)DATAFEST 2017 (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/DATAFEST-2017)

All the above have same probability
Solution: (A)

Probability of 6 turning up in a roll of dice is P(6) = (1/6) & P(6) =
(5/6). Thus, probability of
HOME
Case(HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/)
1: (1/6) * (5/6)5 = 0.06698 BLOG (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/)
Case 2: (1/6)2 * (5/6)10 = 0.00448

Case 3: (1/6)3 * (5/6)15 = 0.0003

Thus, the highest probability is Case 1
LEARNING
22) PATHS
Suppose (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/LEARNING-PATHS-DATA-SCIENCE-BUSINESS-ANALYTICS-
you were interviewed for a technical role. 50% of
the people who sat for the rst interview received the call for
second interview. 95% of the people who got a call for
second interview felt good about their rst interview. 75% of
people who did not receive a second call, also felt good
about their rst interview. If you felt good after your rst
interview, what is the probability that you will receive a
second interview call?
A)DATAFEST
66% 2017 (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/DATAFEST-2017)
B) 56%

C) 75%
D) 85%
Solution: (B) (https://www.analyticsvidhya.com)
Lets
HOMEassume there are 100 people that gave
(HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/) BLOGthe rst round of
(HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/)
interview. The 50 people got the interview call for the second
round. Out of this 95 % felt good about their interview, which is
47.5. 50 people did not get a call for the interview; out of which
75% felt good about, which is 37.5. Thus, the total number of
TRAININGS
people (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/TRAININGS/)
that felt good after giving their interview is (37.5 + 47.5)
85. Thus, out of 85 people who felt good, only 47.5 got the call
DISCUSS
for (HTTPS://DISCUSS.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM)
next round. Hence, the probability of success is (47.5/85) =
0.558.
Another more accepted way to solve this problem is the Bayes
theorem. I leave it to you to check for yourself.
23) A coin of diameter 1-inches is thrown on a table covered
with a grid of lines each two inches apart. What is the
probability that the coin lands inside a square without
touching any of the lines of the grid? You can assume that
the person throwing has no skill in throwing the coin and is
throwing it randomly.

You can assume that the person throwing has no skill in
throwing the coin and is throwing it randomly.
A)HOME
1/2 (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/) BLOG (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/)
B) 1/4
C) /3
D)JOBS
1/3 (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/JOBS/)
Solution: (B)
Think about where all the center of the coin can be when it
lands on 2 inches grid and it not touching the lines of the grid.
If DATAFEST
the yellow
2017region is a 1 inch square and the outside square is
of 2 inches. If the center falls in the yellow region, the coin will
not touch the grid line. Since the total area is 4 and the area of
the yellow region is 1, the probability is .

24) There are a total of 8 bows of 2 each of green, yellow,

orange & red. In how many ways can you BLOG (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/)
select 1 bow?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 4
D)DATAFEST
8 2017 (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/DATAFEST-2017)
Solution: (C)

You can select one bow out of four di erent bows, so you can
select one bow in four di erent ways.

25) Consider the following probability density function:What

isHOME (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/)
the probability for X6 i.e. P(x6) BLOG (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/)
TRAININGS
What (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/TRAININGS/)
is the probability for X6 i.e. P(x6)
A) 0.3935
B) 0.5276
C) 0.1341
D)LEARNING
Solution: (B)
To calculate the area of a particular region of a probability
density function, we need to integrate the function under the
bounds of the values for which we need to calculate the
probability.
Therefore on integrating the given function from 0 to 6, we get
0.5276

26) In a class of 30 students, approximately what is the
probability that two of the students have their birthday on
the same day (de ned by same day and month) (assuming its
HOME
not (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/)
a leap year)? BLOG (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/)
For example Students with birthday 3rd Jan 1993 and 3rd
Jan 1994 would be a favorable event.
A)TRAININGS
49% (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/TRAININGS/)
B)DISCUSS
52% (HTTPS://DISCUSS.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM)
C) 70%
D)LEARNING
35% PATHS (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/LEARNING-PATHS-DATA-SCIENCE-BUSINESS-ANALYTICS-
Solution: (C)
The total number of combinations possible for no two persons
to have the same birthday in a class of 30 is 30 * (30-1)/2 = 435.
Now, there are 365 days in a year (assuming its not a leap year).
WRITE the
Thus, FOR US (HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/)
probability of people having a di erent birthday
would be 364/365. Now there are 870 combinations possible.
DATAFEST
Thus, the2017 (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/DATAFEST-2017)
probability that no two people have the same
birthday is (364/365)^435 = 0.303.

Thus, the probability that two people would have their
birthdays on the same date would be 1 0.303 = 0.696

27) Ahmed is playing a lottery game where he must pick 2

numbers BLOG (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/)
from 0 to 9 followed by an English alphabet (from
26-letters). He may choose the same number both times.
If his ticket matches the 2 numbers and 1 letter drawn in
order, he wins the grand prize and receives $10405. If just his
TRAININGS
letter (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/TRAININGS/)
matches but one or both of the numbers do not match,
he wins $100. Under any other circumstance, he wins
nothing. The game costs him $5 to play. Suppose he has
chosen 04R to play.
What is the expected net pro t from playing this ticket?
A)BUSINESS-INTELLIGENCE-BIG-DATA/)
$-2.81
B) $2.81C) $-1.82
C) $-1.82
D)WRITE
$1.82FOR US (HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/)
Solution: (B)
Expected value in this case

E(X) = P(grand prize)*(10405-5)+P(small)(100-5)+P(losing)*(-5)
P(grand prize)= (1/10)*(1/10)*(1/26)
P(small) = 1/26-1/2600, the reason we need to do this is we

HOMEto
need (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/)
exclude the case where he getsBLOG
the(HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/)
letter right and
also the numbers rights. Hence, we need to remove the
scenario of getting the letter right.
P(losing ) = 1-1/26-1/2600
Therefore we can t in the values to get the expected value as
$2.81
28) Assume you sell sandwiches. 70% people choose egg,

and the rest choose chicken. What is the probability of
selling 2 egg sandwiches to the next 3 customers?
A) 0.343
B) 0.063
C)WRITE
0.147FOR US (HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/)
D) 0.027
Solution:
DATAFEST (C)
2017 (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/DATAFEST-2017)
The probability of selling Egg sandwich is 0.7 & that of a

CONTACT US
chicken (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/CONTACT/)
sandwich is 0.3. Now, the probability that next 3
customers would order 2 egg sandwich is 0.7 * 0.7 *0.3 = 0.147.
They can order them in any sequence, the probabilities would
still be the same.
Question context: 29 30
HIV is still a very scary disease to even get tested for. The US
TRAININGStests
military (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/TRAININGS/)
its recruits for HIV when they are recruited.
They are tested on three rounds of Elisa( an HIV test) before
DISCUSS
they are (HTTPS://DISCUSS.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM)
termed to be positive.
The prior probability of anyone having HIV is 0.00148. The

true positive rate for Elisa is 93% and the true negative rate is
99%.
29) What is the probability that a recruit has HIV, given he
tested positive
DATAHACK on rst Elisa test? The prior probability of
(HTTPS://DATAHACK.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM)
anyone having HIV is 0.00148. The true positive rate for Elisa
is 93% and the true negative rate is 99%.
A) 12%
B)DATAFEST
C) 42%
D) 14%
Solution: (A)
I recommend going through the Bayes updating section of this
article
probability-bayes-theorem/) BLOG (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/)
for the understanding of the
above question.
TRAININGS
30) What (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/TRAININGS/)
is the probability of having HIV, given he tested
positive on Elisa the second time as well.
The prior probability of anyone having HIV is 0.00148. The
true positive rate for Elisa is 93% and the true negative rate is
99%.
A)BUSINESS-INTELLIGENCE-BIG-DATA/)
20%
B) 42%
C) 93%
D) 88%
Solution: (C)
I recommend going through the Bayes updating section of this
article
probability-bayes-theorem/) for the understanding of the
above question.

31) Suppose youre playing a game in which we toss a fair

HOMEmultiple
coin (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/) BLOGthrice
times. You have already lost (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/)
where you
guessed heads but a tails appeared. Which of the below
statements would be correct in this case?
A) You should guess heads again since the tails has already
TRAININGSthrice
occurred (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/TRAININGS/)
and its more likely for heads to occur now
B) You should say tails because guessing heads is not making you
win
C) You have the same probability of winning in guessing either,
hence whatever you guess there is just a 50-50 chance of winning
orLEARNING
losing PATHS (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/LEARNING-PATHS-DATA-SCIENCE-BUSINESS-ANALYTICS-
D) None of these
Solution: (C)
This is a classic problem of gamblers fallacy/monte carlo

DATAHACK
fallacy, (HTTPS://DATAHACK.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM)
where the results
the person falsely starts to think that
should even out in a few turns. The gambler starts to believe
WRITE
that FORhave
if we US (HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/)
received 3 heads, you should receive a 3 tails.
This is however not true. The results would even out only in
inDATAFEST
nite number of trials.

32) The inference using the frequentist approach will always
yield the same result as the Bayesian approach.
A)HOME
TRUE(HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/) BLOG (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/)
B) FALSE
Solution: (B)
The frequentist Approach is highly dependent on how we
TRAININGS
de ne the (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/TRAININGS/)
hypothesis while Bayesian approach helps us update
our prior beliefs. Therefore the frequentist approach might
result in (HTTPS://DISCUSS.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM)
DISCUSS an opposite inference if we declare the hypothesis
di erently. Hence the two approaches might not yield the same
results.
33) Hospital records show that 75% of patients su ering from
a DATAHACK
disease die due to that disease. What is the probability that
4 out of the 6 randomly selected patients recover?
A)WRITE FOR US (HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/)

0.17798
B) 0.13184
C)DATAFEST
0.032952017 (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/DATAFEST-2017)
D) 0.35596
Solution: (C)
Think of this as a binomial since there are only 2 outcomes,
either the patient dies or he survives.
HOMEn(HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/)
Here BLOG (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/)
=6, and x=4. p=0.25(probability if living(success)) q=
0.75(probability of dying(failure))
P(X) = nCx pxqn-x = 6C4 (0.25)4(0.75)2 = 0.03295
34) The students of a particular class were given two tests for
evaluation. Twenty- ve percent of the class cleared both the
tests and forty- ve percent of the students were able to clear
the rst test.
Calculate the percentage of students who passed the
second test given that they were also able to pass the rst
test.
A) 25%
B)WRITE
42% FOR US (HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/)
C)DATAFEST
D) 45%
Solution: (C)
This is a simple problem of conditional probability. Let A be the
event of passing in rst test.
BHOME
is the(HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/)
event of passing in the second test.BLOG (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/)
P(AB) is passing in both the events

P(passing in second given he passed in the rst one) =

P(AB)/P(A)
= DISCUSS
0.25/0.45 which is around 55%

35) While it is said that the probabilities of having a boy or a
girl are the same, lets assume that the actual probability of
having a boy is slightly higher at 0.51. Suppose a couple plans
to have 3 children. What is the probability that exactly 2 of
them will be boys?
A)WRITE
0.38 FOR US (HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/)
B) 0.48
C) 0.58
D) 0.68
E) 0.78

CONTACT US
Solution: (A)(HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/CONTACT/)
Think of this as a binomial distribution where getting a success
is a boy and failure is a girl. Therefore we need to calculate the
probability of getting 2 out of three successes.
P(X) = nCx pxqn-x = 3C2 (0.51)2(0.49)1 = 0.382
TRAININGS
36) Heights(HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/TRAININGS/)
of 10 year-olds, regardless of gender, closely
follow a normal distribution with mean 55 inches and
standard deviation 6 inches. Which of the following is true?
A) We would expect more number of 10 year-olds to be shorter

LEARNING
than PATHSthan
55 inches (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/LEARNING-PATHS-DATA-SCIENCE-BUSINESS-ANALYTICS-
the number of them who are taller than 55
inches
B)BUSINESS-INTELLIGENCE-BIG-DATA/)
Roughly 95% of 10 year-olds are between 37 and 73 inches tall
C) A 10-year-old who is 65 inches tall would be considered
more unusual than a 10-year-old who is 45 inches tall
D) None of these
WRITE FOR(D)
Solution: US (HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/)
None of the above statements are true.


37) About 30% of human twins are identical, and the rest are
fraternal. Identical twins are necessarily the same sex, half
are males and the other half are females. One-quarter of
fraternal BLOGboth
twins are both males, one-quarter (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/)
female, and
one-half are mixed: one male, one female. You have just
become a parent of twins and are told they are both girls.
Given this information, what is the probability that they are
identical?
A) 50%
B) 72%
C) 46%
D) 33%
Solution: (C)
This is a classic problem of Bayes theorem.
WRITE
P(I) FOR USProbability
denoted (HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/)
of being identical and P(~I) denotes
Probability of not being identical
P(Identical) = 0.3

P(not Identical)= 0.7
P(FF|I)= 0.5
P(MM|I)= 0.5
P(MM|~I)= 0.25
P(FF|~I)= 0.25
TRAININGS0.25
P(FM|~I)= (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/TRAININGS/)
P(I|FF) = 0.46

38) Rob has fever and the doctor suspects it to be typhoid. To
be sure, the doctor wants to conduct the test. The test
results positive when the patient actually has typhoid 80% of
the time. The test gives positive when the patient does not
have typhoid 10% of the time. If 1% of the population has
typhoid, what is the probability that Rob has typhoid
WRITE FORhe
provided US tested
(HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/)
positive?
A)DATAFEST
B) 7%
C) 25%

D)CONTACT
31.5% US (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/CONTACT/)
Solution: (B)
We need to nd the probability of having typhoid given he
tested positive.
=P(testing BLOGpositive)
+ve and having typhoid) / P(testing (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/)
= = 0.074
39) Jack is having two coins in his hand. Out of the two coins,
one is a real coin and the second one is a faulty one with Tails
on both sides. He blindfolds himself to choose a random coin
and tosses it in the air. The coin falls down with Tails facing
upwards. What is the probability that this tail is shown by the
faulty coin?
A) 1/3
B) 2/3
C) 1/2
D) 1/4
WRITE FOR(B)
Solution: US (HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/)
We need to nd the probability of the coin being faulty given

that it showed tails.

CONTACT =US0.5
P(Faulty) (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/CONTACT/)
P(getting tails) = 3/4
P(faulty and tails) =0.5*1 = 0.5

Therefore the probability of coin being faulty given that it
showed tails would be 2/3
40) A y has a life between 4-6 days. What is the probability
that the y will die at exactly 5 days?
A) 1/2
B) 1/4
C) 1/3
D) 0
DATAHACK(D)
Solution: (HTTPS://DATAHACK.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM)
WRITEsince
Here FOR USthe
(HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/)
probabilities are continuous, the probabilities
form a mass function. The probability of a certain event is
calculated by nding the area under the curve for the given
conditions. Here since were trying to calculate the probability
of the y dying at exactly 5 days the area under the curve
would be 0. Also to come to think of it, the probability if dying at
exactly 5 days is impossible for us to even gure out since we
cannot measure with in nite precision if it was exactly 5 days.
End Notes
If you missed out on this competition, make sure you complete
in the ones coming up shortly
(https://datahack.analyticsvidhya.com/contest/all/). We are
giving cash prizes worth $10,000+ during the month of April
2017.
If LEARNING
you have any (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/LEARNING-PATHS-DATA-SCIENCE-BUSINESS-ANALYTICS-
PATHS questions or doubts feel free to post them
below.
Check out all the upcoming skilltestshere
(https://datahack.analyticsvidhya.com/contest
/all/).
WRITE
Share this:FOR US (HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/)
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8, 2017 March 20, 2017
In "Business In "Machine Learning"
Analytics"
TAGS: BASICS OF PROBABILITY (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/TAG/BASICS-OF-

PROBABILITY/), BAYES INFERENCE (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/TAG/BAYES-INFERENCE/),
BAYES THEOREM (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/TAG/BAYES-THEOREM/), BAYES THEOREM

WRITE FOR
APPLICATIONS US (HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/)
(HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/TAG/BAYES-THEOREM-APPLICATIONS/),
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PROBABILITY/), CONDITIONAL PROBABILITY APPLICATIONS
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Deep Learning vs. 40 Questions to test a

Machine Learning the data scientist on Time
essential di erences you Series [Solution:
need to know! SkillPower Time
Series, DataFest 2017]
(https://www.analyticsvidhya.com/blog/2017/04/comparison-
between-deep-learning- (https://www.analyticsvidhya.com/blog/2017/04/40-
machine-learning/) questions-on-time-series-
solution-skillpower-time-
series-datafest-2017/)
(https://www.analyticsvidhya.com/blog/author/dishashree26/)
Author
Dishashree Gupta
(https://www.analyticsvidhya.com/blog/author/dishashree26/)
Dishashree is passionate about statistics and
is a machine learning enthusiast. She has an
experience of 1.5 years of Market Research
using R, advanced Excel, Azure ML.

14 COMMENTS
14 COMMENTS (https://www.analyticsvidhya.com)

Kenneth Singh says:
REPLY (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/2017/04/40-QUESTIONS-ON-PROBABILITY-FOR-ALL-
APRIL 10, 2017 AT 7:32 AM
ASPIRING-DATA-SCIENTISTS/?REPLYTOCOM=126496#RESPOND)
(HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/2017/04/40-QUESTIONS-ON-
PROBABILITY-FOR-ALL-ASPIRING-DATA-SCIENTISTS/#COMMENT-126496)
TRAININGSHi,
(HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/TRAININGS/)
None of the options in question 7 are probability values

right? I think all of them are Numerators. Shouldnt the
correct option be None of the above?
Chen Luo says:
REPLY (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/2017/04/40-QUESTIONS-ON-PROBABILITY-
APRIL 10, 2017 AT 12:51 PM
FOR-ALL-ASPIRING-DATA-SCIENTISTS/?REPLYTOCOM=126518#RESPOND)
(HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/2017/04/40-
QUESTIONS-ON-PROBABILITY-FOR-ALL-ASPIRING-DATA-
SCIENTISTS/#COMMENT-126518)
Maybe this problem should be the number of
possible cases.

Aditya Royal Matturi says:
REPLY (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/2017/04/40-QUESTIONS-
ON-PROBABILITY-FOR-ALL-ASPIRING-DATA-SCIENTISTS/?
REPLYTOCOM=126567#RESPOND)
APRIL 11, 2017 AT 5:16 AM
(https:/ /www.analyticsvidhya.com)
QUESTIONS-ON-PROBABILITY-FOR-ALL-ASPIRING-
DATA-SCIENTISTS/#COMMENT-126567)
The answer for question 7 is (1/52 c
4)*(48 c 4/52 c 4) please correct that
Arcady Novosyolov (https://github.com/arcadynovosyolov)
says:
APRIL 10, 2017 AT 1:25 PM
Hello,
Thanks for publishing this set of problems. It looks like the
answer to the question 21 is right (option A), but solution is
DATAHACKwrong,
since actual probabilities of events
are P(A) =
0.402, P(B) = 0.296, and P(C) = 0.245, see explanation at
https://github.com/arcadynovosyolov/math_and_prob/blob/master/note_on_question_21.ipynb
WRITE FOR(https:/
US (HTTP://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/ABOUT-ME/WRITE/)
/github.com/arcadynovosyolov/math_and_prob/blob/master/note_on_question_21.ipynb)
DATAFEST Best regards,

Arcady

santiago says:
APRIL 10, 2017 AT 2:12 PM
About question 2, BLOG (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/)
Why you do that? If you ask something with a real
example please give a real answer. Do you really think
that the probability is 0.33?
The result is 0.5. The events are independant.
Dishashree Gupta says:
REPLY (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/2017/04/40-QUESTIONS-ON-PROBABILITY-
APRIL 10, 2017 AT 2:31 PM
FOR-ALL-ASPIRING-DATA-SCIENTISTS/?REPLYTOCOM=126530#RESPOND)
QUESTIONS-ON-PROBABILITY-FOR-ALL-ASPIRING-DATA-
SCIENTISTS/#COMMENT-126530)
This is a problem of conditional probability and
we have de ned the case where one child is
already a girl. Now the sampleset reduces and
hence we have only 3 choices in the sample
set.

santiago says:
REPLY (HTTPS://WWW.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM/BLOG/2017/04/40-QUESTIONS-
APRIL 10, 2017 AT 2:40 PM
ON-PROBABILITY-FOR-ALL-ASPIRING-DATA-SCIENTISTS/?

REPLYTOCOM=126531#RESPOND)

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2) Alice has 2 kids and one of them is a girl. What is the

The total number

Since, the 4 cards that Anita chooses is among the 8 cards

possible is 52C4 (For selecting the 4 cards selected by Anita) * (http://www.twitter.com/analyticsvidhya)

Question Context 8: (http://www.facebook.com/Analyticsvidhya)

deck of 52-cards. All sequences of 13 cards are equally likely. (https://plus.google.com/+Analyticsvidhya)

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DATAHACK (HTTPS://DATAHACK.ANALYTICSVIDHYA.COM) (https://datahack.analyticsvidhya.com/contest/avdatafest

9) A fair six-sided die is rolled 6 times. What is the probability

Therefore the probability if getting all unique outcomes will be

10) A group of 60 students is randomly split into 3 classes of

Tosses = 2 * (1/4)[probability of selecting coin A] + 3*(3/4)

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P(company does not lose the money ) = 0.000408

While the money it gains is $210

Expect money company gets = 210.

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15) Suppose youre in the nal round of Lets make a deal

I would recommend reading this article

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B)WRITE FOR US2.6316

The probability that it would be Red in any spin is 18/38. Now,

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19) Some test scores follow a normal distribution with a

Therefore around 34% people have scores between 18 and 24.

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21) Which of the following events is most likely?

A) At least one 6, when 6 dice are rolled

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Case 2: (1/6)2 * (5/6)10 = 0.00448

Case 3: (1/6)3 * (5/6)15 = 0.0003

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24) There are a total of 8 bows of 2 each of green, yellow,

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25) Consider the following probability density function:What

27) Ahmed is playing a lottery game where he must pick 2

P(small) = 1/26-1/2600, the reason we need to do this is we

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28) Assume you sell sandwiches. 70% people choose egg,

The probability of selling Egg sandwich is 0.7 & that of a

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The prior probability of anyone having HIV is 0.00148. The

31) Suppose youre playing a game in which we toss a fair

This is a classic problem of gamblers fallacy/monte carlo

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P(AB) is passing in both the events

P(passing in second given he passed in the rst one) =

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A) We would expect more number of 10 year-olds to be shorter

None of the above statements are true.

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