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INTRODUCTION
1.1. Background
High blood disease known as hypertension is a disease that gets attention from
all circles of society, considering its impact both short and long term and thus require
long-term response that fully. Hypertension cause morbidity (illness) and mortality
(death) is high.
Hypertension is a disease resulting from the interaction of various risk factors
a person has. Various studies have linked between the various risk factors on the
incidence of hypertension.
Based on the research that has been conducted poorer prevalence (incidence)
of hypertension increases with age.From various epidemiological studies conducted
in Indonesia showed 1.8 to 28.6% of the population aged over 20 years are
hypertensive.
Hypertension, currently there is a trend that more urban than rural communities
suffer from hypertension. This is partly attributed to the urban lifestyle associated with the
risk of hypertension such as stress, obesity (overweight), lack of exercise, smoking,
alcohol, and eating foods high in fat content.
Along with age, almost everyone has experienced an increase in blood
pressure, systolic blood pressure continues to increase until the age of 80 years and
diastolic pressures continue to increase until the age of 55-60 years, then decrease
slowly or even decreased dramatically.
For most adults, there's no identifiable cause of high blood pressure. This type
of high blood pressure, called primary (essential) hypertension, tends to
develop gradually over many years.
Secondary hypertension
Age. The risk of high blood pressure increases as you age. Through
early middle age, or about age 45, high blood pressure is more common in men.
Women are more likely to develop high blood pressure after age 65.
Being overweight or obese. The more you weigh the more blood you need to supply
oxygen and nutrients to your tissues. As the volume of blood circulated through your
blood vessels increases, so does the pressure on your artery walls.
Not being physically active. People who are inactive tend to have
higher heart rates. The higher your heart rate, the harder your heart must work with
each contraction and the stronger the force on your arteries. Lack of physical activity
also increases the risk of being overweight.
Too much salt (sodium) in your diet. Too much sodium in your diet
can cause your body to retain fluid, which increases blood pressure.
Too little potassium in your diet. Potassium helps balance the
amount of sodium in your cells. If you don't get enough potassium in your diet or
retain enough potassium, you may accumulate too much sodium in your blood.
Too little vitamin D in your diet. It's uncertain if having too little
vitamin D in your diet can lead to high blood pressure. Vitamin D may affect an
enzyme produced by your kidneys that affects your blood pressure.
Drinking too much alcohol. Over time, heavy drinking can damage your heart.
Having more than two drinks a day for men and more than one drink a day for
women may affect your blood pressure.
Elasticity/
arteriosclerosis
Hypertension
Vasocontriction
Disturbance sirculation
CLOSING
3.1 Conclusion
3.2. Suggestion
How to set up a diet for people with hypertension is to improve the taste by
adding sugar fresh red / white onion (red / white), ginger, and other spices kencur are
not salted or salt contains less sodium. Food can be sauteed to improve the taste. Put
salt at the table above can be taken to avoid excessive use of salt. It is recommended
to always use iodized salt and salt use no more than 1 teaspoon per day.