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Abstract The main objective of this proposal is to avoid the to cooperatively monitor physical or environmental
train accidents using High Performance Multi-core Embedded conditions, such as temperature, smoke, sound, vibration, and
Processors (MCEP).This method will overcome the difficulties pressure etc.. The development of wireless sensor networks
faced by the existing methods such as detecting cracks at rails, was motivated by military applications such as battlefield
monitoring distance between rails, compartments monitoring,
surveillance. Utterly, the train automation could be done for
fire and smoke monitoring in compartments, and controlling of
motors, transformers, pantograph etc. by manual operations. Train Protection and assurance, Train Operation, Train
From the point of view of energy efficiency, the challenges of Supervision and Communication
traffic fluidity control, energy efficient driving, regenerative
braking, and managing power consumption in electrical devices II. LITERATURE REVIEW
in trains. To reduce human errors and get the fast response,
Monitoring fire accidents at coaches and other abnormalities
MCEP will be a wonderful one.
will be tracked and processed with single processor or
Index Terms Multi-core Embedded Processors (MCEP), controller may give output with more delay as well as slow
Train Parameters, and Electric Locomotive Engine (ELE), response. Monitoring electrical and thermal parameters level
Proteus (simulation). in ELE manually will not be an efficient methods. Detecting
cracks at rails and checking track dimensions manually
cannot provide excellent results. Although the modem trains
I. INTRODUCTION have come up with latest technologies to run and control
MCEP will strongly enhance the safety, speed, and control trains, MCEP interfaced with other methods will definitely
characteristics of train in real time without requiring of give robust and precise operations.
physical manpower. Due to advent of Wireless .
communication technologies and high speed Powerful
Processors, Automation will be done to satisfy flexibility,
reliability, efficiency of trains. Generally, Multi core
processor is an integrated circuit to which more than two
processors have been attached for enhanced performance,
reduced power consumption, and more efficient
simultaneous processing of multiple tasks. Ideally, a dual
core processor is nearly twice as powerful as a single core
processor. In practice, performance gains are said to be about
fifty percent: a dual core processor is likely to be about
one-and-a-half times as powerful as a single core processor.
Multi-core processing is a growing industry trend as single
core processors rapidly reach the physical limits of possible
complexity and speed. Companies that have produced or are
working on multi-core products include AMD, ARM,
Broadcom, Intel, and VIA. Due to the parallel processing,
speed of operation will be very fast like pipe lining operation
to get required results in real-time. Multi-core processors are
widely used across many application domains including
general-purpose, embedded, network, digital signal
processing (DSP), and graphics. Although there is failure in Fig.1:Existing System Model
the one processor, the tasks will be quickly exchanged with
other processor without much delay. It is very useful for
Embedded Applications. Until now, multi-core processors III. PROPOSED SYSTEM
for the desktop and server markets have garnered the lion's This proposed system gives the efficient way of
share of media attention. But multi-core is also taking root in automating trains using MCEP along with other modules to
the embedded industry, with the introduction of processors
reduce human operational errors, power consumption, high
such as the dual-core Free scale MPC8641D, the dual-core
reliability, and fast operation without delay. It consists of
Broadcom BCM1255, the quad-core Broadcom BCM1455,
hardware and software modules to execute the train
and the dual-core PMC-Sierra RM9000x2. Wireless Sensor
Network consists of spatially distributed autonomous sensors operations.
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Train Accident Prevention Control by Multi Core Embedded Processor
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International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Research Technology (IJEART)
ISSN: 2454-9290, Volume-3, Issue-1, January 2017
fire accidents and smokes arrival in the compartments. any faults at braking axle; smokes arrival and fire accidents in
These nodes consist of sensors, RF transceiver, coaches; coaches monitoring, all data related to that problems
Microcontroller, and Power harvester i.e. solar batteries. will be wirelessly sent to MCEP for processing to get right
Fig.3 shows block diagram representation of motes at response. RF transceiver used in each coaches and MCEP to
compartments. Here motes are called as wireless sensor transmit and receive data in real-time. Due to fast and parallel
nodes. The microcontroller always checks the threshold processing, all operations of train from starting to end can
value in real-time, if there is any smokes , quickly sends data successfully be controlled in real-time. Railway signaling
to receiver part of MCEP unit for further processing. Fig 4 will be wirelessly transmitted to Loco Engine Control unit to
shows Wireless Temperature and Smoke Sensor node at get either Running or waiting state.
compartment.
V. SIMULATION RESULTS:
There are IR sensors with built in circuits which provide a
binary output, and there are those which provide an analog
output or a multiple bit output. The sensors with a binary
output are only good for detecting the proximity of an
obstacle, and not the range. By that I mean that the sensor can
only tell you when an obstacle is within a certain distance (we
will call it the threshold distance). This is fine for most robots
which only need to know when an obstacle is right in front of
it . This is the cheapest sensor. Ultrasonic sensors use sound
instead of light for ranging, so ultrasonic sensors (Some
people call it sonar) can be used outside in bright sunlight.
These sensors are amazingly accurate, though they may be
thrown off by a sound absorbing obstacle, like a sponge. The
only real issue that arises is the ghost echo issue. As you
can see below, the walls bounce off in a strange pattern
causing a ghost effect. The detection of Cracks can be
identified using IR rays with the IR transmitter & receiver.IR
receiver is connected to the Signal Lamp or Electrified lamp
with the IR sensor. CAN controller is connected to the main
node and it send the information via GSM and transmit the
message to engine and to the nearest station. The detection of
Cracks can be identified using IR rays and IR sensor.IR
receiver is connected to the signal lamp and to the CAN
controller. The electrified lamp is nothing but it sides of the
tracks the electric lamp which is current flowing for the
engines transportation.
Fig. 5: Wireless Temperature and Smoke Sensor node at
Compartment (Top View)
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Train Accident Prevention Control by Multi Core Embedded Processor
REFERENCES:
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