1/19/2014

GeographicaloutlineofBangladesh

Md.RabiulHaque
AssociateProfessor
DepartmentofPopulationSciences
UniversityofDhaka

Creation of Land: Bangladesh

z Imagine yourself high in the air over the

Himalayas. Look down-a forbidden landscape of
snow-capped mountains harsh vegetation.
z But look at south-east and discover an immense
flood p
plain stretching
g between the mountain and
the sea and that shimmering green span is-
BANGLADESH.
z Without Himalayas Bangladesh would not exist-
Bangladesh is the Himalayas flattened out.

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Creation of Land: Bangladesh---

z Every spring the mountain snow melts and icy

water sweeps along particles of soil, forming
into rivers that rush to the sea. These rivers
reach the lowlands, they slow down and deposit
those particles , building up a delta.
z This age-old process has created the territory
that is known as BANGLADESH- a territory that
pushes back the sea a little further with every
annual deposit of new silt.

Rivers: Bangladesh

z The southern side of Himalayas, numerous

rivulets/streams and rivers run together to from
Ganges that flows eastwards through India
before it enters western Bangladesh as Padma.
z The Brahmaputrap forms in Tibet,, on the
northern side of Himalayas, and passed the
capital-Lhasa, then crossed north eastern of
India and turn west until it enters in northern
Bangladesh as Jamuna.

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Rivers: Bangladesh

z Padma and Jamuna joints up in central

Bangladesh and together they empty it into the
sea. Ganges is around 8 km wide while
Brahmaputra spreads to the incredible width of
18 km.
z Besides, many more rivers criss-cross
Bangladesh such as Meghna and over 50 rivers
flow from India across the border into
Bangladesh. They join, split and join again in a
crazy pattern and creates-channels and lakes.

Water: Bangladesh

z Water forces each year through this process

and have shaped the natural environment of
Bangladesh as well as has continuous and
enormous influence on our human life.
z Other than majestic
j rivers,, two other forms-
Rain and Seawater always play vital role in
water forms in Bangladesh.
z These three forms of water-river, rain and sea-
give Bangladesh a natural bless. But how?

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Bangladesh at a Glimpse

z Bangladesh emerged as an independent and

sovereign country on 16 December 1971
following a nine-month WAR OF LIBERATION.
z Bangladesh is a latecomer into the world of
nation-states.
z She ranks 136rd among other nations in order
of the date of admission (17 September 1974).
z At the time of birth, Bangladesh had the eighth
largest population in the world.

Bangladesh at a Glimpse---

BRIEF INFORMATION
z Capital: Dhaka (previously spelt Dacca).
z Officially known as Peoples Republic of Bangladesh (Gana
Prajatantri Bangladesh).
z Parliamentary form of government, PRESIDENT is head of the State
and PRIME MINISTER is head of government.
z Total
T t l area: 147,570
147 570 sq km.
k Surrounded
S d d by
b WEST BENGAL (India)
(I di ) on
the west; West Bengal, ASSAM and Meghalaya (all the Indian
states) on the north; Indian states of Assam, TRIPURA and Mizoram
together with Myanmar on the east; and BAY OF BENGAL on the
south.
z The total length of the land border is about 4,246 km, of which
93.9% is shared with India and the rest 6% with Myanmar.

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Bangladesh at a Glimpse---

z Administrative units: division 7 (Dhaka, CHITTAGONG, KHULNA,

RAJSHAHI, BARISAL, SYLHET and RANGPUR); district 64; upazila 483
and thana 599, union 4,498, mouza 59,990, village 87,362; city
corporation 6 (Dhaka, Chittagong, Khulna, Rajshahi, Sylhet,
Barisal); municipality 309.
z Climate: Sub-tropical MONSOON. Average maximum and minimum
winter temperatures
p are 29C and 11C respectively;
p y; average
g
maximum and minimum summer temperatures are 34C and 21C
respectively. Annual RAINFALL 1,194 mm to 3,454 mm. Highest
humidity 80% to 100% (August-September), lowest 36%
(February-March).
z Tourist spots: COXS BAZAR, RANGAMATI, CHITTAGONG, SYLHET,
KUAKATA, SUNDARBANS.

Bangladesh at a Glimpse---

z Archaeological sites: PAHARPUR (Joypurhat and Naogaon),

MAHASTHANGARH (Bogra), BHASU VIHARA (Mahasthangarh),
MAINAMATI (Comilla), HALUD VIHARA (Paharpur), SITAKOT VIHARA
(Dinajpur), WARI-BATESHWAR (Narsingdi).
z Population: At the point of ethnicity Bangladeshi people are
amalgamation of Dravidian, Proto-Australoaid, Mongoloid, and
Ariyan.
y There are some 45 tribal g
groups
p in Bangladesh
g and amongg
those chakma, garo, hajong, khasia, magh, santals, rakhain,
manipuri, murong are notable and occupy mainly Khagrachhari,
Bandarban, Rangamati, Chittagong, Coxs Bazar, Habiganj, Sylhet,
Sunamganj, Maulvi bazar, Dinajpur, Joypurhat, Rajshahi,
Naogaon, Rangpur, Bogra, Nawabganj, Mymensingh, Netrokona,
Barguna and Bhola districts.

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Issues to be Covered
Land and People:
Outline of the Geography of the Country; The emergence of
Bangladesh: a country challenged by contradictions
Historical Background of Bangladesh:
Two nations and partition; Birth of a Muslim Country; Language
Movement; War of Liberation; Political parties and manifestos
Population and Development:
Trends of population pressure in Bangladesh; Population policies in
Bangladesh; Population and development interaction; Age
structural transition and economic growth: prospects and
challenges.

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Issues to be Covered---

Migration and Urbanization:

Trends of Urbanization in Bangladesh; Determinants of over-
urbanization; Causes and consequences of migration, Urbanization,
migration and development.
Poverty and Underdevelopment:
Determinants of Poverty; Population-poverty nexus; Political
economy of poverty-alleviation;
poverty alleviation; Growth and development in rural
Bangladesh; Agriculture and rural development.
Labor Force Participation:
Trends and patterns of labor force participation; Utilization of labor
force; Determinants of labor force participation; gender, labor force
participation and development.

Issues to be Covered---

Environmental Change and Effects:

Population, development and environment: the emerging issues;
Long-term environmental issues for Bangladesh; Climate change
and its effects; environmental change and food security
Role of Private Sectors:
Development and NGOS; Role of NGOs: Informal sectors and
economic development; Empowerment of women,women education,
education and
health.
Laws, Policy and Plans:
Constitution of Bangladesh; Sixth Five-Year Plans of Bangladesh;
Prospective Plan of Bangladesh 2010-2021; Development
planning and process in Bangladesh.

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THANKS