Consider the framing used to support a typical floor slab in a building as shown in Fig 2.6(a)
The slab is supported by floor joists located
at even intervals These are in turn supported by 2 side girders AB & CD 2005 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd 1 2-1 Idealized Structure For analysis, it is reasonable to assume that the joints are pin and/or roller connected to girders & the girders are pin and/or roller connected to columns The structural framing plan is shown in Fig 2.6(b) HOW about fixed connected?
surfaces can transmit to various structural elements 1-way system
2-way system
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2-1 Idealized Structure IDEALIZED Tributary Loadings 1-way system
Consider the framing shown in Fig
2.11(a) Beams AB, CD & EF rest on girders AE & BF Uniform load = 4.8kN/m2
Load distribution is as shown in Fig
2.11(b)
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2-1 Idealized Structure 1-way system Member CD is subjected to a linear distribution of load as shown in Fig 2.11(c) The reaction from this beam (10.8kN) would be applied to the center of girders
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2-1 Idealized Structure 1-way system Fig 2.11
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2-1 Idealized Structure 1-way system Fig 2.11
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2-1 Idealized Structure 1-way system Fig 2.11
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2-1 Idealized Structure 1-way system For some floor systems, beams & girders are connected at the same level as shown in Fig 2.12(a) For R.C. slab, if the reinforcement is in one direction -> 1-way If the reinforcement is in two directions, load may be transmitted in 2-way If L2 L1 & if L2/L1 2, the slab will behave as a 1-way slab 2005 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd 9 2-1 Idealized Structure 1-way system Fig 2.12
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2-1 Idealized Structure 2-way system If L2/L1 2, the load is assumed to be delivered to the supporting beams & girders in 2 directions Consider the square R.C. slab in Fig 2.13(a) L2/L1 = 1 The tributary area for beam AB is as shown in Fig 2.13(b) This area is determined by constructing diagonal 45o lines 2005 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd 11 2-1 Idealized Structure 2-way system Fig 2.13
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2-1 Idealized Structure 2-way system If L2/L1 = 1.5, it is necessary to construct 45o lines that intersect as shown in Fig 2.14(a) Fig 2.14(b) and 2.14(c) show the distributed load on AB & AC
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2-1 Idealized Structure 2-way system Fig 2.14
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TUTORIAL 2
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Example 2.1 The floor of a classroom is supported by the bar joists shown in Fig 2.15(a) Each joist is 4.5m long and they are spaced 0.75m on centers The floor is made from lightweight concrete that is 100mm thick Neglect the weight of joists & the corrugated metal deck, determine the load that acts along each joist
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Example 2.1 - solution Fig 2.15
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Example 2.1 - solution Dead load, weight of concrete slab (100 )( 0.015 ) 1.50 kN / m 2 Live load 1.92 kN / m 2 Total load 1.50 1.92 3.42 kN / m 2 L1 0.75 m, L2 4.5m L1 / L2 2 1 - way slab The tributary area for each joist is shown in Fig 2.15(b) Uniform load along its length, w 3.42 kN / m 2 (0.75 m) 2.57 kN / m