CE 431: Welding Lab

Professor George

Due: 3-20-2017

By:
Ravi Patel
1. Table of Contents

2. Objective of Test

3. Results and Conclusions

4. Discussion

5. Observed Data

6. Sample Calculations

7. Procedure

8. Instrumentation

9. Bibliography

10. Lab Photos

Objective:

Discover how to use shielded metal-arc welding to butt weld and fillet weld,

performing the types on two pieces of A36 steel plates and three pieces of A36 steel

plates, respectively. Then test the tensile strength of the two welds formed. Performed

quickly by professor George, we get a rough idea of how to conduct a basic welding.

Results and Conclusions:

Conductingthelabshowsusthedifferencesbetweenourweldresultsandthe

expectedwelds.Boththebuttweldandthefilletweldbrokeat2600N,or2.6kN.The

expectedweldbreakswere60kNand125kNrespectively.Thisiseasilyconcludedof

beingweakresultsbecausethelackofknowledgeonwelding.Wedontweldeveryday

thuswedonthavealotofexperienceonthetopic.Otherthanthatwhenwewelded,I

noticedourentiregroupwentalittletoofastastherodtouchedthemetal.Weweretold

togosteadyandveryslowlybyprofessorGeorge.Weshouldhavegoneevenslower

thanwhatpaceweweregoing.Lookingatourresultscomparedtotheexpectedwehave

percenterrorsof96%and98%respectively.Weshouldofletthe7018rodsitinitiallyon

theedgesofmetaltolettherebealiquidandgraduallyworkslowlydownthecrevice.

Thiswouldallowforbetterfusionandmuchmorestrengthbetweenthepiecesofmetal.
Discussion:

The weld where we used three pieces of metal and welded two portions of it

displayed a problem. After the weld we noticed there was a visible space between the

metal. You could see a gap between the two overlying plates that is a problem. That will

greatly limit the ultimate strength of the weld; that is a reason ours snapped at 2.6kN.

This lab taught us how to weld in lab that will be very similar if not identical to

how its done in the field. Having knowledge in this area can benefit us in the field when

it comes to civil applications.

Observed and Calculated Data:

Breaking point of butt-weld - 2600 N (yield strength)

Breaking point of fillet weld - 2600 N (yield strength)

Sample Calculations:

Sample Calc. 1: Area of Plate for butt-weld Sample Calc 2: Newton to Pound

conversion

Area = Length x Width 4.448 Newtons = 1 Pound

Area = L x W= 1*0.1875= 0.1875 in 2

2600 N/ 4.448 = 584.53 Pounds
Sample Calc 3: Tensile Strength for butt-weld

Stress = Load/ Area

= P/A

=(584.53)/0.1875= 3117.5 psi

Sample Calc 4: Area of Plate for Fillet Weld

Throat area= T=0.1875*sin (45 degrees)= 0.1326

Sample Calc 5: Tensile Strength for Fillet Weld

Stress=P/A

=(584.53)/0.1326= 4408.2 psi

Procedure:

The first step in this lab was suiting up in protective gear. Welding can be very

dangerous so all the students put on protective clothing and headgear. The students

worked together to make two different welds, a butt weld and a fillet weld. The two rods

were clamped down and then the welding machine was turned on. Students took turns

welding the pieces of steel together. The steel was left alone for a week to set. The pieces
of steel, after being cooled for a week, were placed in the tensile testing machine. Tensile

pressure was applied to the pieces until it broke. The results are then taken and compared

to what they were supposed to resemble.

Instrumentation:

- Tinis Olsen Testing Machine

- Welder: Lincoln Electric

Bibliography:

-Welding Notes located on Moodle