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PRINCIPLES ON ENVIRONMENTAL
JUSTICE
Prof. Sedfrey M. Candelaria
Head, Research, Publications and Linkages Office
Chair, Department of Special Areas of Concern
Philippine Judicial Academy
I. INTRODUCTION: SCOPE OF INQUIRY
A. Concept of Environment
Basic Elements of the Earth: air, land and
water
All living elements of the earth as well as
natural resources
Holistic: place of humans in the
environment
I. INTRODUCTION: SCOPE OF INQUIRY
B. Theory of Environmental Justice
Lazarus Environmental Justice focuses on the
distribution of environmental hazards across
society and seeks a fair distribution of those
hazards x x x
Hofrichters x x x equal access to natural
resources and the rights to clean air and water,
adequate health care, affordable shelter, and a
safe workplace x x x.
II. PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS
1. Indigenous Peoples
ILO 169 (Tribal Population)
A12, S.5 (ancestral domain) in
relation to A2, S.22 (indigenous
UNDRIPS, 2007 peoples), A10, S.15-21
Principle 22, Rio Declaration + (autonomous region), A13, S.6
Chapter 26, Agenda 21 (ancestral lands)
2. Women
A2, S.14 (women), A13, S.14
Principle 20, Rio Declaration (women)
1993 Vienna Declaration
3. Children
Article 29, par 9 (e), CRC A2, S.12 (child) and 13 (youth)
D. Sectoral Concerns
INTERNATIONAL CONSTITUTION
4. Migrant Workers
Migrant Workers Convention A13, S.3 (overseas workers)