Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
O-SCAAD-1
May 21, 2002, AIT, Bangkok
Buddhi S. Sharma
ACECOMS, AIT
The Basic Issues
What is a Shear Wall?
Modeling and analysis issues
Transfer of loads to shear walls
Modeling of shear walls in 2D
Modeling of shear Walls in 3D
Interaction of shear-walls with frames
Wall Column
Design of Shear Walls
ACECOMS, AIT
Shear Wall or Frame
Load Center
F
f D
Stiffness
Center
?
Building Plan
Seismic Loads
Assign the Mass properties to the building and carryout a Modal
Analysis: If the first two modes are Translational, and third mode is
Torsional, then there is no eccentricity between the mass center and
Stiffness Center in Both Directions
No Eccentricity
F
D
Or
Expansion
Joint
Using Truss
H2
H1
t t txh
L L L
Design of Shear Walls
ACECOMS, AIT
Frame Model for Planer Walls
Specially Suitable when H/B is
more than 5
H
The shear wall is represented
by a column of section B x t
The beam up to the edge of the
t wall is modeled as normal
B beam
The column is connected to
beam by rigid zones or very
Rigid Zones
large cross-section
U2, R2 U2, R2
Node 3 Node 4
U1, R1
U1, R1
3 2
U3, R3
1
U1, R1 U1, R1
Shell
Nodes: 4
DOFs: 2 (or 3) DOFs /Node Ux and Uy
2-Translation, 0 or 1 rotation
Dimension: 2 dimension element
Shape: Regular / Irregular
Properties: Modulus of Elasticity(E),
Poisson ratio(v),
Thickness( t )
U1, R1 U1, R1
Shell
Zipper
txt
C
t x 2t
t
B
Design of Shear Walls
ACECOMS, AIT
Using Trusses to Model Shear Walls
The behavior of shear walls can be closely
approximated by truss models:
The vertical elements provide the axial-flexural
resistance
The diagonal elements provide the shear resistance
Truss models are derived from the strut-tie
concepts
This model represents the cracked state of the
wall where all tension is taken by ties and
compression by concrete
Uniaxial Biaxial
Spandrel Beam
Wall Column
Pier Pier
Rigid Zones
Beams
3 DOF
Columns per rigid zone
P P
V Vy Vx Mx
M
My
D P
T C
M V
xd
xt xc
Tension Compression
Member Member
f5 x1
f4
f3 f2
T f1
f1, f2, ..fn are the nodal stresses at
C section A-A , obtained from analysis
x1
Un-safe
Nb Safe
Nnx fc ( )da fsi Asi
A i 1
Nb
Mny fc ( ) da.dz fsi Asidzi
z A i 1
The surface is
A cross-section of
generated by interaction surface at P
Un-safe
u
- Mz Safe + Mz
+ My
1 n
x, y dx dy ...
1
N z 1 A ( x , y ) ...
1 2 i i
x y i 1
1 1 n
M x 2
x y x, y dx dy . y ... 2 Ai i ( x, y ) yi ...
1 i 1
1 1 n
M y 3 x , y dx dy . x ... A ( x , y ) x ...
1 x y 2 i 1
i i i
F1 F2
Fi
x1 x2 yi
F1 0.5P M / x1 P Mx My
F2 0.5P M / x2 Fi
4 yi xi
Tension Compression
Member Member
F1=T F2=C
A A
f5 x1 Ai xi t
f4
f3 Fi Ai f i
f2
T f1
f1, f2, ..fn are the nodal stresses at
C section A-A , obtained from analysis
x1
Spandrel
Pier
Section
Ls Vu
When 5 and 0.5Vc Av min Ah min 0
ds
When Ls
2 5 Check
ds
Vu2 Ls Av min 0.0015t s
10 RLW
f ct s d s
3 ds Ah min 0.0025t s
ts = Thickness of Spandrel
Lp = Length of Pier
tp = Thickness of Pier
Av min = Minimum vertical required area of distributed shear reinforcing
Ah min = Minimum horizontal required area of distributed shear reinforcing
Option -1
Option -2
Option -3
a) Uniform Distribution
Max M= 380
b) Concentrated Bars
Max M= 16500
b) Concentrated Bars
Max M= 19600