Tetrapods

Anamniotes Amniotes

Fishes Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals

HEART
Cartilaginous Anuran and urodeles 2 atria & 2 ventricle
-single circuit w/ 4 complete interarterial septum
chambers complete partition
(Sinus venosus, within atrium
Atrium,Ventricle,
Conus arteriosus)
Teleosts
-like cartilaginous
-bulbus arteriosus Sinus venosus
(conus arteriosus)
PRESENT ABSENT in adult ABSENT
Lungfish Partial Partial ventricular COMPLETE interventricular septum
interventricular trabeculae
septum
Lungfish + amphi: spiral valve in conus Crocs PRESENT PRESENT
arteriosus -Foramen of Panizza:
connects base of right
and left systemic
trunks
INCOMPLETE
interventricular
septum
Turtles, snakes and
lizards
-arches and trabeculae
form CAVUM VENOSUM
(oxygenated blood)
- 4th (systemic arches)
receive blood
AORTIC ARCH
Cartilaginous : embryo: 6 pairs
1st o 1st & 2nd : temporary not found in adults
- lost (efferent pseudo o 3rd + dorsal aortas anterior to it = internal carotid arteries
branchial arteries) o 4th : systemic arches
2-6: o 5th : lost
-pre/postrematic o 6th: pulmonary arch (supply blood to lungs)
arteries Urodeles 4 pairs 3 in adults (III,IV no mixing of oxygenated and unoxygenated
-become occluded (aquatic 3 :III,IV,VI) and VI) blood
-dorsal: efferent Ventral aorta ventral aorta divide into 2 trunks:
branchial arteries Anurans -no spiral valve o pulmonary trunk: to lungs
-ventral: afferent 4 arches (larval) -truncus arteriosus o aortic trunk: to rest of the body
branchial arteries 6: pulmonary split:
capillary beds (9 artery >2 aortic trunks right side of heart->blood goes to lungs
demibranchs) 3,4,5: supply >1 pulmonary trunk left side of heart -> blood goes to systemic
Teleost
larval gills circulation
- same with Crocs:
@metamorphosis
cartilaginous but -both aortas carry
-arch 5 is lost
1&2=lost oxygenated blood
-dorsal aorta bet. 3&4
Lungfish -blood from right
= lost
-6th: pulmonary artery ventricle
-arch 3: carotid arch
(supply swimbladder) >low in O2
(flow to head)
-arch 6: ductus >pass to pulmonary
arteriosus = lost (to artery only
skin and lungs) >when under water,
-arch 4: (systemic pass to right aorta
arch) continue to (instead of pulmonary
dorsal aorta and flow a.)
to rest of body -> inc blood supply
-left atrium: and more O2
oxygenated Turtles, snakes and
-right atrium: lizards:
deoxygenated

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM COMPA ANA LEC

 Venous channels
Fishes Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals
Sharks: Early embryonic venous channels similar to sharks
Cardinal streams Embryonic: posterior cardinals, anterior cardinals and common cardinals
(sinus venosus, PRECAVAE or SUPERIOR VENA CAVA = common cardinals
common cardinals, INTERNAL JUGULAR VEINS = anterior cardinals
anterior cardinals, post
Urodeles posterior posterior cardinal
cardinals)
cardinals persist persists (right:azygos)
Renal Portal System
(left:hemiazygos)
-> afferent renal veins
Anurans- Posterior cardinals lost (anterior to kidneys)
(replace postcardinal
veins) Posterior cardinals lost
-> kidney capillaries Cats and Humans
Lateral abdominal -lost left precava
stream -left brachiocephalic
-> starts @ pelvic fin carries blood to right
(receives iliac vein) precava)
->receive brachial
vein-> subclavian vein
-> common cardinal
(Veins from hindlimb connect to postcava
vein
In crocs
Vitelline veins (from
yolk sac to heart)
1 join w/
subintestinal vein
-> Hepatic Portal
System
2 -> Hepatic
sinuses (bet liver
and sinus
venosus)
Cyclostomes
-no renal portals
Bony Fishes
-ABSENT lateral
abdominals
-Postcardinals drain
pelvic fin
ABDOMINAL STREAM
Lateral abdominal Embryos :paired lateral veins (like sharks)
stream PRESENT
Ventral Abdominal 2 L.A. dont fuse Retain none in adults ABSENT
Vein but still terminate
->2 fused abdominal in liver capillaries
veins dont drain
->go to liver anterior limbs
capillaries
abdominals
anterior to liver
are lost
no longer drains
anterior limbs
Renal Portal System
Tributary (external iliac vein) from hind limbs And crocodiles: ABSENT
to renal portal vein (alternate route to heart) -by passes kidney
capillaries, go straight
through kidneys to
postcava
Hepatic Portal System
Drains stomach, pancreas, intestine, spleen and terminates of liver capillaries
Pulmonary Veins
In Lungfish PRESENT

Lymphatic System (lymph vessels, lymph nodes, and (in some species) lymph hearts
Lymph hearts Valves present prevent back flow
Hypophyseal Portal System

Fishes Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals

 Tetrapods
Anamniotes Amniotes