Tutorial Page 1 of 11

Tutorial
This tutorial provides a brief overview of the basic operation of the ETAP program. Once you finish this tutorial, you will
be familiar with some the key features and capabilities of the program and the various modules available for performing
power system analysis.

Topics:

Starting ETAP

Opening the Example Project

One Line Diagram and Editors

Load Flow Analysis Mode

Exercise

Starting ETAP
1. Start the ETAP program by double-clicking on the ETAP icon on the desktop.

Opening the Example Project File

Follow these simple steps to open the EXAMPLE project file:

1. Type your User Name in the Logon editor, and select the Project editor option in the Select Access Level editor.

As previously mentioned, ETAP organizes all work as projects. Each project provides all the necessary tools and support
for modeling and analyzing an electrical power system. Projects consist of electrical systems that require unique electrical
components and interconnections. The Example project includes a one-line diagram of an electrical system. Notice the
toolbars on the top and the right-hand side of the one-line diagram.

One-line Diagram and Editors

ETAP provides a fully graphical user interface for constructing your one-line diagram. There are many command options
in the interface, including the following:

z Graphically add, delete, relocate, and connect elements.

z Zoom in or out.
z Display grid off or on.
z Change element size and orientation.
z Change symbols.
z Hide or show protective devices.
z Enter properties.
z Lock and unlock element properties
z Set operating status.

mk:@MSITStore:C:\ETAP%201260\Etaps.chm::/Tutorial.htm 03/12/2016
Tutorial Page 2 of 11

The ETAP one-line diagram is a one-line representation of a power system. The one-line diagram is the starting point for
all studies. You can graphically construct your electrical system by connecting the buses, branches, motors, generators,
and protective devices in any order from the one-line diagrams Edit toolbar. You can connect the elements to the buses
graphically or from their editors. You can double-click elements to open their editors and edit the engineering properties,
such as ratings, settings, and loading, connections.

Editors
1. Double-click the Power Grid (Utility) symbol on the one-line diagram and view the Utility editor. This is where
you enter data for the utility machine model.

2. Select different pages of this editor and look over the type of information that you can provide to model a utility
machine.

3. Click OK and close the editor.

4. Double-click other elements and explore their editors. Each available element has a customized editor.

5. Double-click the synchronous motor Syn1 and view its editor. This is where you enter data used for synchronous
motor models.

mk:@MSITStore:C:\ETAP%201260\Etaps.chm::/Tutorial.htm 03/12/2016
Tutorial Page 3 of 11

Editors are designed so that you can enter a minimum amount of information and still be able to run different
studies. Voltage and HP data are all you need to perform most studies. If you are interested in modeling a motor
dynamically for motor acceleration or transient stability studies, you need to enter more detailed information such
as the motor model, inertia, and load model.

An exercise that illustrates this point is included at the end of this tutorial.

6. Click on OK and close the editor.

Composite Networks
A composite network is an aggregate of all components in a subsystem, since it can contain buses, branches, loads,
sources, and even other composite networks or composite motors. You can nest your subsystems to an unlimited number
of layers. This allows you to construct systems and nest elements by their voltage levels, by physical layout, by the
geometrical requirements of elements, by study requirements, by relays and control device requirements, by logical layout
of elements, etc. You have full control over how the system should be nested.

1. Double-click on the composite network Sub3 Net. The Sub3 Net view, which is a one-line diagram nested inside
the main one-line diagram, appears.

mk:@MSITStore:C:\ETAP%201260\Etaps.chm::/Tutorial.htm 03/12/2016
Tutorial Page 4 of 11

2. To change the number of pins, right-click on Sub3 Net and select Pins.

3. Composite networks can have 4, 8, 12, 16, or 20 external connection points (pins). These are the top pin (~Top1);
left pins (~Left1 to ~Left9), right pins (~Rt1 to ~Rt9), and the bottom pin (~Bot1). Right-click on the background
of the composite network Sub3Net to hide or show unconnected pins.

Composite Network Sub3 Net with 8 Pins

The pins for the composite motors can be connected to any bus, branch, load, or protective device. Once a pin is connected
internally or externally to an element, it becomes a proxy for that element and all connection rules for the element apply to
the connected pin. To illustrate this, both AC & DC elements are added to Sub3 Net and are displayed here.

mk:@MSITStore:C:\ETAP%201260\Etaps.chm::/Tutorial.htm 03/12/2016
Tutorial Page 5 of 11

The number of levels where you can nest composite networks inside of other composite networks is unlimited. There is no
limitation on the number of elements that you can include inside a composite network. The user interface characteristics of
composite networks are the same as the one-line diagram where you can include both AC and DC elements.

Composite Motors
1. Double-click on the composite motor Comp Mtr1. The Comp Mtr1 view, which is a one-line diagram nested
inside the main one-line diagram, appears.

Composite motors are used as a tool to group motors in the system. The elements that you can include inside a composite
motor are:

AC Composite Motor DC Composite Motor

Induction Motor DC Motor
Synchronous Motor DC Lumped Load
Lumped Load DC Static Load
Static Load DC Composite CSD
MOV DC Composite Motor
Composite Motor DC Circuit Breaker
Circuit Breaker (LV & HV) DC Fuse
Fuse
Contactor
Switch
Instrument Transformers
Relays

The number of levels that you can nest composite motors inside composite motors is unlimited.

One-Line Diagram Menu Bar

The One-Line Diagram menu bar above is displayed when a one-line diagram is active. The One-Line Diagram menu bar
contains a list of menus, each of which contain a drop-down list of commands. Some of the menu commands also have

mk:@MSITStore:C:\ETAP%201260\Etaps.chm::/Tutorial.htm 03/12/2016
Tutorial Page 6 of 11

pulldown submenus (an arrow pointing to the right denotes a submenu). For example, you can select Project, point to
Settings, then select the Data Type command.

Project Toolbar

The Project toolbar contains buttons that are shortcuts for many of the commonly used commands in ETAP.

Mode Toolbar

In general, ETAP has three modes of operation: Edit, AC Study, and DC Study. The AC Study mode consists of the
following:

z Balanced Load Flow

z Unbalanced Load Flow
z Short Circuit
z Motor Starting
z Harmonics
z Transient Stability
z Protective Device Coordination (ETAP Star)
z Optimal Load Flow
z Reliability Analysis
z Optimal Capacitor Placement

The DC Study mode consists of DC Load Flow, DC Short Circuit, and Battery Sizing Analysis.

Edit Mode
Edit mode enables you to build your one-line diagram, change system connections, edit engineering properties, save your
project, and generate schedule reports in Crystal Reports formats. The Edit toolbars for both AC and DC elements will be
displayed to the right side of the ETAP window when this mode is active.

To Add Elements on the One-Line Diagram View

1. Click any of the elements on the AC Edit or DC Edit toolbars. The mouse pointer changes to the element button
icon.

2. On the one-line view, move the pointer to the desired location and click. The element is added to the one-line view.

To Connect Elements in the One-Line View

1. Move the mouse pointer to the top pin of the transformer so that a red square is displayed.

2. Left-click and drag the transformer to the bus so that the bus is displayed red.

mk:@MSITStore:C:\ETAP%201260\Etaps.chm::/Tutorial.htm 03/12/2016
Tutorial Page 7 of 11

3. Release the mouse button. The connection is completed.

Study Modes
Study modes enable you to create and modify study cases, perform system analysis, and view output reports and plots.
When a study mode is active (selected), the Study Toolbar for the selected study is displayed on the right side of the
screen.

You can run studies, transfer data, and change display options by clicking the buttons on the Study toolbar. As an
example, Load Flow Analysis Mode is described next.

Load Flow Analysis Mode

1. Go to Load Flow Mode by clicking on the Load Flow Analysis button on the Mode Toolbar.

Note: The Load Flow toolbar is now displayed on the right side of ETAP. Also, the top toolbar becomes the Study
Case toolbar.

2. Click on the Run Load Flow icon on the Load Flow Toolbar.

Study results will be displayed on the one-line diagram.

3. Review the calculation results and familiarize yourself with the type of information displayed on your one-line
diagram.

4. Click on the Display Options and explore the variety of options available for the displayed results.

5. Click on the Alert to display Critical and Marginal limit violations for the selected output report.

6. Click on the Report Manager to view and/or print any part of the output report.

7. Click on the Edit Study Case button on the Study Case Toolbar and study the solution parameters and alert settings
available for Load Flow Analysis.

mk:@MSITStore:C:\ETAP%201260\Etaps.chm::/Tutorial.htm 03/12/2016
Tutorial Page 8 of 11

After you run load flow, results are displayed on the One-Line Diagram.

mk:@MSITStore:C:\ETAP%201260\Etaps.chm::/Tutorial.htm 03/12/2016
Tutorial Page 9 of 11

Exercise
Complete this tutorial to familiarize yourself with how the program works. In this tutorial, you will add a new 13.2 kV
induction motor to the system and run a Load Flow study. This tutorial also shows the minimum data required to perform
studies for a motor.
Complete este tutorial para familiarizarse con cmo funciona el
programa. En este tutorial, agregar un nuevo 13.2 kV
Steps: Motor de induccin al sistema y ejecutar un estudio de flujo de carga.
Este tutorial tambin muestra los datos mnimos requeridos para realizar
1. Click the Edit Mode button of the Mode toolbar Estudios para un motor.

2. Add an induction motor to the one-line diagram

3. Connect the motor to the bus Sub2B

mk:@MSITStore:C:\ETAP%201260\Etaps.chm::/Tutorial.htm 03/12/2016
Tutorial Page 10 of 11

4. Double-click the motor. The motors editor is displayed.

5. Go to the Nameplate page of the Motor Editor.

Note: The motor voltage is automatically set to 13.2 kV since it was connected to a 13.8 kV bus. You can change
the voltage.

6. Enter 2000 in the HP text box and click in any other text box. The program automatically enters typical nameplate
data for the specific motor size.

7. Click OK.

8. On the Mode toolbar, click the Load Flow Analysis button. ETAP changes to Load Flow Mode.

9. On the Load Flow toolbar, click the Run Load Flow button.

Note: The study case (solution parameters) for this run is LF 100A and the output report file name is LF100RPT.

10. Compare the results displayed below for before and after Mtr2 is added. In ETAP, use the Display Options to
change the display.

mk:@MSITStore:C:\ETAP%201260\Etaps.chm::/Tutorial.htm 03/12/2016
Tutorial Page 11 of 11

Overview
System Toolbar
System Views
Project View
Network Systems
ETAPmap - Edit Mode
Mode Toolbar
ETAPmap - Study Mode
STAR Systems
Underground Raceway System (UGS)
Ground Grid System
Panel Schedule
Cable Pulling
GIS Systems
User-Defined Dynamic Model Graphical Editor (UDM)
System Dumpster
Library
Cable Systems
Project Toolbar
Study Case Toolbar
Message Logger
Tutorial
- Starting PowerStation - Tutorial
- Opening the Example Project File - Tutorial
- One-line Diagram and Editors - Tutorial
- Load Flow Analysis Mode - Tutorial
- Exercise - Tutorial
- Energized Branch Requirement - Tutorial

mk:@MSITStore:C:\ETAP%201260\Etaps.chm::/Tutorial.htm 03/12/2016