Acid, Bases and salts, Mixtures and Detergents

Saraswati Vidya Niketan

Integrated Science

Name: Form:

Answer all questions. (25 marks) Time: 30 minutes.

Question 1

(a) What does pH stand for? (1 mark)

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(b) The diagram below shows a titration set up for the addition of hydrochloric acid to sodium hydroxide.

Retort stand

Hydrochloric acid

Burette

Beaker
Sodium hydroxide

Diagram showing the apparatus set up for titration

(i) Write an equation to summarize the reaction above. (2 marks)

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(ii) What type of reaction is shown above? (1 mark)

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(iii) Which of the reactants above would have a higher pH? (1 mark)
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(c) Give one example of a household salt and state its use. (2 marks)
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(d) The following is a list of different types of mixtures: sand and water, mayonnaise, chalk and water, salt and water,
shaving cream and water, sugar and water, potassium permanganate and water, milk powder and water.
(i) Identify one colloid from the list above. (1 mark)
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(ii) Distinguish between a solution and suspension with the use of examples from the list above. (4 marks)
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Acid, Bases and salts, Mixtures and Detergents
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Question 2

Mr. Clean uses various chemicals at home to get rid of stains from his clothes, dishes and other household items.

(a) Mr. Clean decides to use scouring powders and a pot scrub to get rid of the burnt food stain from his baking pans.
(i) What are two major components of scouring powders? (2 marks)
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(ii) What is the disadvantage of using scouring powders and pot scrub to get rid of burnt food stains from his
baking pan? (1 mark)
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(b) Advise Mr. Clean on what he can use to get rid of the following stains: (4 marks)
(i) Rust stain
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(ii) Wine stain
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(iii) Paint stain
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(iv) Nail polish
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(c) Mr. Clean washes his clothes with the same soap powder one day but his clothes were not clean. His neighbor Mr.
Breeze tells him that he may have washed his clothes with hard water.
(i) Distinguish between temporary hard water and permanent hard water. (2 marks)
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(ii) Name two methods which can be used to soften the water that Mr. Clean is using. (2 marks)
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(iii) Mr. Clean uses soapy detergents while Mr. Breeze uses soapless detergents. Which one of the detergents is
safer to use in the environment? Give one reason for your answer. (2 marks)
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