TNG QUAN LP K HOCH Y T

NGUYN THNH LUN

B mn T chc Qun l Y t
 Mc tiu
1. Trnh by c cc khi nim v K
hoch v Lp K hoch.
2. Phn bit c cc loi K hoch.
3. Hiu c cc nguyn tc trong lp k
hoch
4. Trnh by c cc dng thng tin v c
tnh thng tin trong k hoch.
5. Trnh by cc bc lp k hoch
 Ni dung
1. Cc khi nim K hoch v Lp K hoch?
2. C nhng loi k hoch no?
3. Cc nguyn tc
4. Thng tin trong lp k hoch.
5. Cc bc lp k hoch
 K hoch l g?

K (k sch, phng sch), Hoch (hoch

nh, mc ch, mc tiu ra.)
K hoch l vic chun b, sp xp, b tr
cng vic cn gii quyt cho tng lai.
K hoch v chng trnh?
 K hoch l con ng a ta i t ch
ang ng n ch ta mun n.
 Lp k hoch l g?
L phng php h thng nhm t c
cc mc tiu nh sn bng cch s dng
cc ngun lc hin c v s c mt cch
hiu qu v hiu lc (Andrew Green, 2001)
 Cc thnh t quan trng ca qu trnh Lp K hoch
Mc tiu: Chng ta s i u?
Ngun lc: i bng ci g?
Hng thch hp v hiu qu: i nh th no?
Tng lai: khi no chng ta n?

Ba yu t chnh ca vic Lp K hoch:

Mc tiu chnh xc, c nh hng.
Ngun lc.
Hot ng: c th, ph hp v q.nh thi gian
PHN LOI K HOCH
 Theo thi gian
K hoch di hn hay chin lc: 3-5 nm.
VD: K hoch TT-GDSK phng nga nhim
HIV cho i tng tr V thnh nin.
K hoch trung hn: 1-2 nm.
VD: K hoch gim t l mc SXH ti a
phng X nm Y xung cn 0,3%.
K hoch ngn hn: qu, thng.
VD: K hoch thng hnh ng VSATTP.
 Theo ni dung cng vic
K hoch ti chnh.
K hoch nhn lc.
K hoch xy dng c s h tng, mua sm
vt t, trang thit b.

 Theo phong cch
K hoch c on: ngi lnh o quyt
nh.
K hoch thch ng: ty hon cnh, mi
trng, cng vic.
 Theo cch lm k hoch
Theo nh hng vn (bottom - up): t
vn t ra, nh hng hnh ng. Tng
kh nng sng to. AT MC O CUNG CAP DCH
VU THEO NHU CAU-KHA NANG
Theo ch tiu (Top - down): hn ch, d b
ng, li. T MC CUNG CP DCH V
TRC KHI BIT NHU CU
Nguyn tc Lp K hoch Y t
 Cng bng (Equity)
Cng bng trong tip cn: mi c nhn u
c c hi hng th li ch Y t.
Cng bng v kt qu: s cng bng trong
kt qu ca cc can thip hay dch v chm
sc sc khe.
 Kh nng tip cn
Kh nng hay tim nng nhm t c
mt dch v hay li ch.
Bao gm cc knim v tip cn ngn ng,
a l, vn ha, ngn ng, kh nng chi tr
v tnh chp nhn dch v.
 Hiu sut
Ch trng n vic s dng 1 ngun lc no
t li ch ti a.
 Cht lng Hiu qu
o lng xem kt qu cng vic t c
ti u?
Hiu qu l mc cht lng t c
trong 1 k hoch.
Cc ngun thng tin cn thit
cho Lp K hoch
 NHM THNG TIN NH TNH V NH LNG

Nhm thng tin nh tnh: nhng thng tin c biu

th bng ch hay k hiu c xp v cc nhm khc
nhau:

-Trnh vn ho: m ch, cp 1, cp 2, cp 3...

-Mc kin thc: tt, kh, trung bnh, km,...

-Bin v ho: c ho, khng ho, ho khan, ho m...

 NHM THNG TIN NH TNH V NH LNG

Nhm thng tin lng: nhng thng tin m gi tr ca

n c biu th bng con s:

-Cn nng: 40kg, 50kg, 60kg,...

-Chiu cao: 160cm, 170cm, 180cm,...

-Tui: 10 tui, 11 tui, 12 tui,....

 NHM THNG TIN V TNH HNH SC KHE V
CC YU T TC NG N SC KHE

1. Nhm thng tin v dn s: dn s trung bnh, s

phu n 15-49, tng s dn >65 tui.
2. Nhm thng tin v kinh t vn ho xa hi:
trnh VHGD, chi s i ngheo, nc sach v
VSMT..
3. Nhm thng tin v sc khoe, bnh tt: m hnh
bnh tt, ty l t vong, ty l tre s sinh thp
cn.
4. Nhm thng tin v dch vu y t: Ty l tip cn,
s dung bao him y t, dch vu khm cha
bnh
 NHM THNG TIN U VO, HOT NG, TC NG,
U RA

Nhm thng tin u vo: gm cc chi s phan nh cc

loai v s lng ngun lc ca c s y t: s ging
bnh, nhn lc, kinh ph, trang thit b

Nhm thng tin u ra: phan nh kt qua u ra at

c: chi s mc s dung dch vu, kha nng tip cn,
cht lng dch vu, ty l mc v t vong,...
 NHM THNG TIN U VO, HOT NG, TC
NG, U RA

Nhm thng tin hoat ng: gm cc chi s phan anh

cc hoat ng ca c s y t, gm: cc hoat ng khm
cha bnh, cc chng trnh y t thc hin

Nhm thng tin tc ng: cc thng tin phan nh tc

ng lu di v tng th ca cc hoat ng y t. V du:
cc yu t nguy c tc ng n kha nng thu thp
thng tin: a l, phong tuc tp qun, trnh vn ho.
 C TNH CA THNG TIN

Tnh s dung thch hp

- Cc s liu phai thch hp, cn thit v c s dung thng xuyn
trong vic lp k hoach tu tng mc v cp .
- Tuyn c s: s dung chi s nh gi hoat ng cu th
VD: Tre <1 tui c tim phng y .
- Tuyn Tinh, TW: s dung chi s mang tnh tng hp nh gi
VD: Ty l tre mc bnh c dch vu tim phng.
 C TNH CA THNG TIN

Tnh thc thi v n gian:

- D hiu, d thu thp, d bo co nhng vn p ng y muc
tiu yu cu ca thng tin. u tin cc chi s c th thu thp t h
thng thng tin, trnh pht sinh cc biu mu, s sch.
- i vi cc chi s kh thu thp, cn c bin php nghip vu
chuyn mn cao.
VD: + iu tra tng thu nhp bnh qun h gia nh.
+ Ty l tre b sn dai heo tai a phng.
 C TNH CA THNG TIN

Tnh chnh xc:

- L 1 trong nhng yu t then cht, quyt nh ng n v
chnh xc ca d liu
- Chnh xc y l d liu phai c ghi chp ng vi nhng g
chng ta nh thu thp v ng vi thc t
+ Chnh xc trong thu thp s liu.
+ Chnh xc trong tng hp, bo co.
VD: D liu ghi chp v a chi cua ngi bnh phai chnh xc v
phan nh ng v tr, ng ni bn sinh sng (SXH)
 C TNH CA THNG TIN

Tnh nhay
- Chi s phai nhay vi s thay i ca vn cn o.
VD: Xt nghim HIV vi test nhanh.
Tnh c hiu
- Chi phan nh ng yu t tc ng chnh n vn m ngi
quan l quan tm, tm hiu m khng quan tm n cc yu t khc.
 C TNH CA THNG TIN

Tnh cp nht:
- Mi nht.
- Thu thp kp thi, cung cp cho cc nh quan l.
Tnh khch quan
- V khng gian, thi gian, t ng, vn ha, vic so
snh chnh xc.
QUY TRNH LP K HOCH
 Bc 1: Thu thap thong tin- neu
van e
Van e?
Van e ung + ro muc tieu ung + ro
Lng hoa van e
Mo ta nguyen nhan va hau qua: xay dng cay
van e.
 Xep NN trong yeu va trc tiep cua VCL ngang hang, ngay di VCL

VCL

Nguyen nhan Nguyen nhan Nguyen nhan

Xep HQ trong yeu va trc tiep cua VCL ngang hang, pha tren VCL,
oi xng vi NN trong yeu va trc tiep

Hau qua (1) Hau qua (2) Hau qua (3)

VCL

Nguyen nhan (1) Nguyen nhan (2) Nguyen nhan (3)

 Xep NN va HQ can phat trien tiep tiep len theo cung mot nguyen tac e tao
cac nhanh cua moi lien he nhan qua nhieu cap o

Hau qua (1.1) Hau qua (1.2)

Hau qua (1) Hau qua (2) Hau qua (3)

VCL

Nguyen nhan (1) Nguyen nhan (2) Nguyen nhan (3)

Nguyen nhan (3.1) Nguyen nhan (3.2) Nguyen nhan (3.3)

Nguyen nhan (3.1.1) Nguyen nhan (3.1.2)

M HNH CY VN

SDD cao tr em

Ngho Bnh tt Dn tr thp GDSK

Tiu chay Giun Si

 Bc 2: XAC NH MUC CH-
MUC TIEU
Muc ch:
Muc tieu: S.M.A.R.T
ac thu (specific)
o lng c (measurable)
Phu hp (appropriate)
Thiet thc (relevant)
Co gii han thi gian (time bound)
 Bc 2: XAC NH MUC CH-
MUC TIEU
Nguyn tc xy dng muc tiu:
Bt u bng 1 ng t.
C chi s/thng tin y t cu th.
C vn / i tng v thi gian cu th.
VD: Giam ty l nhim st xut huyt <0,3% tng s tre tai a
phng X trong 6 thng u nm N.
Xc nh mi lin quan gia tui v ty l mc bnh
cao huyt p trong cng ng Y nm M.
 Bc 3: LA CHON CHIEN LC
Chien lc
6 tieu chuan:
1. Kha thi cao
4M + T
ng loi, chnh sach, xa hoi
2. Chap nhan c: chu quan khach quan
3. Hieu lc (efficiency = cost-effectiveness)
4. Hieu qua (effectiveness)
5. Thch hp
6. Chu ng duy tr c
 Bc 4: XAY DNG KE HOACH
HANH ONG

Cu the hoa chien lc bang cac hoat ong

Can oi ieu kien + phan cong + thi gian
Gom cac bien phap lien quan va phu thuoc
 Noi dung:
Muc tieu chuyen biet c lng hoa
Moi muc tieu la mot so hoat ong
Moi hoat ong c mo ta
Noi dung
a iem
Thi gian: bat au-ket thuc
Ngi chu trach nhiem
Kinh ph
Ch so anh gia
Gom nhieu chng trnh d an
 Bc 5: THC HIEN
Thc hin cc cng vic c giao trong KH

Lm cho KH c hiu lc

Lu : mt s KH cn c bc th nghim
(Nghin cu)
 Bc 6: Gim st
Xy dng k hoach gim st cu th.
Ghi nhn cc hoat ng thng xuyn, lin tuc.

Muc ch:

am bao tnh hnh hoat ng trin khai c cp

nht thng tin v ng k hoach.
Nhanh chng pht hin cc bt thng kp

thi chinh sa.

 Bc 7: Kim tra nh gi
Kim tra nh k, t xut hoc thng xuyn.
nh gi nh k theo thi gian m k hoach
thc hin.
Muc ch:

Kt qua v hiu qua tng ng vi muc tiu?

Pht hin: im manh iu chinh

im yu Rt k.nghim
 K HOCH MU

KH MAU 2.doc
KH MAU 4.docx
KH MAU 1.xlsx
 BI KIM THC HNH 15 PHT

Cu 1: Hay trnh by tn cc bc trong quy

trnh Lp k hoach
Cu 2: Hay nu cc ni dung chnh cn c trong
1 bang k hoach cu th.
Cu 3: Yu cu cn thit xc nh muc tiu
cu th trong k hoach l g?