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internal pressure to
to be
be0.5
65 MPa. Thewall
psi. The wallhas
has aa thickness
thickness of
6 mmin.and
0.25 andthe
theinner
innerdiameter
diameterofofthe
thecylinder
cylinderisis200 mm.
8 in. 8 in.
200 mm 200 mm
8 in.
(a) (b)
Case (a):
pr 65(4)
0.5(100)
s1 = ; s1 = = = 8.33
1.04 ksiMPa Ans.
t 0.25
6
s2 = 0 Ans.
Case (b):
pr 65(4)
0.5(100)
s1 = ; s1 = = 1.04 ksiMPa
= 8.33 Ans.
t 0.256
pr 65(4)
0.5(100)
s2 = ; s2 = == 520
4.17psi
MPa Ans.
2t 2(0.25)
2(6)
Ans:
Case (a): s1 16.67 MPa; s2 0
Case (b): s1 16.67 MPa; s2 8.33 MPa
734
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r 11
275 28.88 MPa
Hoop Stress for Cylindrical Vessels: Since = ==45.8
44 >7 10, thenthin
10,then thinwall
wall
t 0.25
6
analysis can be used. Applying Eq. 81
14.44 MPa
pr 90(11)
0.63(275)
s1 = = == 3960 psiMPa
28.88 = 3.96 ksi Ans.
t 0.25
6
pr 90(11)
0.63(275)
s2 = = = =1980
14.44
psiMPa
= 1.98 ksi Ans.
2t 2(0.25)
2(6)
735
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pr 0.5(50)
s1 = = = 5 MPa Ans.
t 5
s2 = 0 Ans.
There is no stress component in the longitudinal direction since the pipe has
open ends.
Ans:
s1 = 5 MPa, s2 = 0
736
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slong = s2 = 0 Ans.
r 150
Since = = 25 7 10, thin-wall analysis can be used.
t 6
pr 2(150)
sh = s1 = = = 50000 KPa = 50 MPa Ans.
t 6
739
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*811. Two
*812. Twohemispheres
hemisphereshaving
havingananinner
innerradius ofof
radius 0.62 m
ft and
of 0.25
wall thickness of 6 mm in.are
are fifitted
tted together,
together, and
and the inside 0.25
6 mmin.
gauge pressure is reduced to 70 -10 kPa. coefficient
psi. If the coefficient
of static friction is ms = 0.5 between the hemispheres, 2 ftm
0.6
determine (a) the torque T needed to initiate the rotation
of the top hemisphere relative to the bottom one, (b) the
vertical force needed to pull the top hemisphere off
the bottom one, and (c) the horizontal force needed to slide
the top hemisphere off the bottom one.
+ c Fy = 0; 10 C p(2422))]D - NN= =0 0
70[p(0.6 N ==25.2p
5760pkN
lb
Ff = ms N = 0.5(25.2p)
0.5(5760p)==12.6
2880p lb
p kN
b = 23.869
3
T = Ffr = 2880p(2
12.6pa0.6++0.125>12) = 18190 m# ft = 18.2 kip # ft
kN lb Ans.
1000 0.6 m
b) The Required Vertical Force: In order to just pull the two hemispheres apart, the
vertical force P must overcome the normal force.
P = N = 5760p 18096
25.2p ==79.19 kNlb = 18.1 kip Ans.
c) The Required Horizontal Force: In order to just cause the two hemispheres to
slide relative to each other, the horizontal force F must overcome the friction force.
F = Ff = 2880p
12.6p ==39.58
9048kN
lb = 9.05 kip Ans.
Ans:
(a) T = 23.869 kN # m,
(b) P = 79.19 kN,
(c) F = 39.58 kN
742
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pr 450(103)(0.225)
s1 = = = 5.06 MPa Ans.
t 0.02
pr 450(103)(0.225)
s2 = = = 2.53 MPa Ans.
2t 2(0.02)
743
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815. The inner ring A has an inner radius r1 and outer radius
r2. Before heating, the outer ring B has an inner radius r3 and an
r2 r4
outer radius r4, and r2 7 r3. If the outer ring is heated and then
fitted over the inner ring, determine the pressure between the r1 r3
two rings when ring B reaches the temperature of the inner
ring. The material has a modulus of elasticity of E and a A
B
coefficient of thermal expansion of a.
P priw pri
s1 = = =
A (ro - ri)w ro - ri
s1 pri
P1 = = (1)
E E(ro - ri)
dri pri
=
ri E(ro - ri)
pr2i
dri =
E(ro - ri)
pr22 pr23
dr2 = dr3 =
E(r2 - r1) E(r4 - r3)
pr22 pr23
+ = r2 - r3
E(r2 - r1) E(r4 - r3)
E(r2 - r3)
p = Ans.
r22 r23
+
r2 - r1 r4 - r3
Ans:
E(r2 - r3)
p =
r22 r23
+
r2 - r1 r4 - r3
746
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sA = 0 = sa - sb
d
P Mc
0 = -
A I
P
P P(0.1 - d)(0.1)
0 = - 1
(0.2)(0.01) 12 (0.01)(0.23)
P(-1000 + 15000 d) = 0
Ans:
d = 66.7 mm
750
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Internal Loadings: Consider the equilibrium of the free-body diagram of the bottom Section a a
cut segment shown in Fig. a.
a + c Fy = 0; N - 2700 = 0 N = 2700 N
a + MC = 0; 2700(0.5) - M = 0 M = 1350 Nm
Section Properties: The cross-sectional area and the moment of inertia about the
centroidal axis of the member are
p 4 p
A = p(25 2) = 625 6p mm 2 I = (25 ) = 390625 mm2
4 4
Normal Stress: The normal stress is the combination of axial and bending stress.
Thus,
N Mc
s = ;
A I
2700 1350(1000)(25)
smax = sB = + p = 111.38 MPa (T) Ans.
625 6p 390625
4
For Point A,
2700 1350(1000)(25)
sA = + - p = - 108.63 MPa = 108.63 MPa (C) Ans.
625 6p 390625
4
Using these results, the normal stress distribution over the cross section is shown in
Fig. b. The location of the neutral axis can be determined from
78.5 50 - x
= ; x = 26.56 mm.
111.38 108.63
Ans:
smax = sL = 111.38 MPa (T), s R = 108.63 MPa (C)
753
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825.
825. The bearing pin supports the load load of
of 3.5
700 kN.
lb.
Determine thethe stress
stresscomponents
componentsininthe support
the member
support member at 0.75
18 mmin.
point B. B.
at point The support
The supportis 12 mmin.
is 0.5 thick.
thick. A
A A
A
502mm
in. 0.5mm
12 in.
B
B B
B
30
30
75 3mm
in.
Fx = 0; N - 700 cos 30
3.5 cos 30 ==0;0; N ==3.0311
606.218
kNlb 1.25
32 mmin.
Fy = 0; V - 700
3.5 sin
sin 30
30 ==0;0; V ==1.75
350 kN
lb
700kN
3.5 lb
a + M = 0; M -3.5(32 50-sin2 30)
700(1.25 = 0; = 0;M = M
sin 30) 24.5=kN lb # in.
175 mm = 24.5 N m
N Mc 606.218 3) 24.5(10
3.0311(10 3
175(0.375)
)(9) 50 mm
sB = + = + 1 1 3 3
A I (0.75)(0.5)
(18)(12) (12)(18)
1212(0.5)(0.75) 32 mm
sB = 5.35
51.84ksi
MPa Ans.
tB = 0 (since QB = 0) Ans.
3.5 kN
Ans:
N 3.031 kN, V 1.75 kN,
M 24.5 N m,
sB 51.84 MPa, tB 0
757
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4000 N.m
Internal Loadings: Consider the equilibrium of the free-body diagram of the 25 mm
upper cut segment shown in Fig. a. a A
a
Fx = 0; N - 5400 = 0 N = 5400 N y
40 mm B
y
Mx = 0; T - 4000 = 0 T = 4000 Nmm Section a a
Section Properties: The cross-sectional area and the polar moment of inertia
of the shaft are
p
J = (40 4 - 254) = 3407646.28 mm4
2
Normal Stress: The normal stress is contributed by axial stress only. Thus,
N - 5400
sA = sB = = = - 1762.9 kPa = 1762.9 kPa (C) Ans.
A 3063.05x
Shear Stress: The shear stress is contributed by torsional shear stress only.
Thus,
Tp
t =
J
For point A, r = 1.5 in. and the shear stress is directed along the y axis. Thus,
4000(1000)(40)
(txy)A = = 46935.2 kPa = 46.9352 MPa Ans.
3407646.28p
For point B, r = 1 in. and the shear stress is directed along the z axis. Thus,
4000(1000)(25)
(txz)B = = 29345.7 kPa = 29.3457 MPa Ans.
3407646.28p
The state of stress at points A and B are represented on the elements shown in
Figs. b and c, respectively.
Ans:
sA = sB = 1762.2 kPa (C),
tA = 46.9352 MPa, t B = 29.3457 MPAa
768
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a 20 N m
x
a
125 mm
y
5
Internal Loadings: Consider the equilibrium of the free-body diagram of the drills 3
A 5 mm 4
right cut segment, Fig. a,
150 N
Fx = 0; N - 150 a b = 0
4 z
N = 120 N B
5
Section a a
Fy = 0; 150 a b - Vy = 0
3
Vy = 90 N
5
Mx = 0; 20 - T = 0 T = 20 N # m
Section Properties: The cross-sectional area, the moment of inertia about the z axis,
and the polar moment of inertia of the drills cross section are
A = p A 0.0052 B = 25p A 10 - 6 B m2
A 0.0054 B = 0.15625p A 10 - 9 B m4
p
Iz =
4
A 0.0054 B = 0.3125p A 10 - 9 B m4
p
J =
2
Referring to Fig. b, QB is
c A 0.0052 B d = 83.333 A 10 - 9 B m3
4(0.005) p
QB = yA =
3p 2
Normal Stress: The normal stress is a combination of axial and bending stress. Thus,
N Mzy
s = -
A Iz
-120
25p A 10 - 6 B
sB = - 0 = -1.528 MPa = 1.53 MPa (C) Ans.
771
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837. Continued
90 c83.333 A 10 - 9 B d
c A txy B V d
VyQB
0.15625p A 10 - 9 B (0.01)
= = = 1.528 MPa
B Izt
c A txy B T d
Tc 20(0.005)
0.3125p A 10 - 9 B
= = = 101.86 MPa
B J
Thus,
A txy B B = 0 Ans.
Ans:
sB = 1.53 MPa (C), tB = 100 MPa
772
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5m 50 mm
1.5 m 1.5 m 3m
3m
P My 8(103) 8.25(103)(0.03)
sE = - - = + 1 3
= 57.8 MPa Ans.
A I (0.1)(0.05) 12 (0.05)(0.1)
VQ 4.5(103)(0.04)(0.02)(0.05)
tE = = 1 3
= 864 kPa Ans.
It 12 (0.05)(0.1) (0.05)
Ans:
sE = 57.8 MPa, tE = 864 kPa
774
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a a
2
2
Section Properties:
w = a +x
A = a(a + x)
1 a
I = (a) (a + x)3 = (a + x)3
12 12
Normal Stress:
N Mc
s = ;
A I
-P 0.5Px C 12 (a + x) D
= ; a 3
a(a + x) 12 (a + x)
P -1 3x
= B ; R
a a+x (a + x)2
P 1 3x
sA = - B + R
a a+x (a + x)2
P 4x + a
= - B R (1)
a (a + x)2
P -1 3x
sB = B + R
a a+x (a + x)2
P 2x - a
= B R (2)
a (a + x)2
dsA
In order to have maximum normal stress, = 0.
dx
P
- (2a - 4x) = 0
a(a + x)3
P
Since Z 0, then
a(a + x)3
2a - 4x = 0 x = 0.500a
786
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846. Continued
P 4(0.500a) + a
smax = - B R
a (a + 0.5a)2
1.33P 1.33P
= - = (C) Ans.
a2 a2
dsB
In order to have minimum normal stress, = 0.
dx
P
(4a - 2x) = 0
a(a + x)3
P
Since Z 0, then
a(a + x)3
4a - 2x = 0 x = 2a
P 2(2a) - a P
smin = B R = 2 (T) Ans.
a (a + 2a)2 3a
Ans:
1.33P P
smax = (C), smin = (T)
a2 3a2
787
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75 mm B
Fx = 0; Vx - 54 = 0; Vx = 54 N
u
Mz = 0; Mz - 54(200) = 0; Mz = 10800 N # mm
A = p(152 ) = 706.85 mm 2
1
I = p(154 ) = 29760.78 mm4
4
1
J = p (154) = 79521.56 mm4
2
Point D:
4(15) 1
(QD)z = (p)(152) = 2250 mm3
3p 2
Mzx
sD = = 0 Ans.
I
Vx (QD)z Ty c
= -
It J
54(2250) 4050(15)
= - = - 662.1 kPa Ans.
29760.78(1.25) 79521.56
Point E :
Mzx - 10800(15)
(sE)y = = = - 4074.4 kPa Ans.
I 29760.78
Ty c - 4050(15)
= 0 - =
J 79521.56
Ans:
sD = 0, tD = - 662.1 kPa,
sE = - 4074.4 kPa, tE = - 763.94 kPa
788
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P Pero
smax = +
A p 4
(r - r4i )
4 0
d
1 4er0
smax = Pc +
p(r20 - r2i ) p(r40 - r4i )
c1 + 2 d
P 4er0
smax =
p(r20 - r2i ) (r0 + r2i )
dmaxp(r40 - r4i )
P =
r20 + r2i + 4er0
793
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75 mm 100 mm
15 mm
100 mm
100 mm
Section Properties: The cross-sectional area and the moment of inertia about the y
and z axes of the cross section are
1 1
Iz = (0.2)(0.33) - (0.185)(0.273) = 0.14655(10 - 3) m4
12 12
(0.015)(0.23) d +
1 1
Iy = 2c (0.27)(0.0153) = 20.0759(10 - 6) m4
12 12
Normal Stress: The normal stress is the combination of axial and bending stress.
Here, F is negative since it is a compressive force. Also, My and Mz are negative
since they are directed towards the negative sense of their respective axes. By
inspection, point A is subjected to a maximum normal stress. Thus,
N Mzy My z
s = - +
A Iz Iy
Ans:
smax = 71.0 MPa (C)
802
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870. The1843-in.-diameter
8-70. The mm-diametershaft
shaft isis subjected
subjected to
to the loading D
D
z
shown. Determine the stress components at point A. Sketch 125
600 lb
N
the results on a volume element located at this point. The
502mm
in.
journal bearing at C can exert only force components Cy 8 in.
200 mm
and Cz on the shaft, and the thrust bearing at D can exert 125
600 lb
N
force components Dx , Dy , and Dz on the shaft. 20 mm
in.
in. 500
502 mm
A
A
2008 mm
in.
B
B
C
C
10 mm
250 in. yy
20 mm
500 in.
xx
p 2 2
A = (18
(0.75) =) 254.5 mm2 in2
= 0.44179 600 N 200
4 mm
600 N
500 mm
p 4 4
I = (9 ) = 5153
(0.375 mm4
) = 0.015531 in4 250 mm
500 mm
4 500 mm
600 N
QA = 0
tA = 0 Ans.
600 N
My c 150(103)(9)
-1250(0.375) 150 N m
sA = = ==262.0 ksi == 262.0
-30.2MPa 30.2 ksi
MPa(C)(C) Ans.
I 0.015531
5153
600 N
Ans:
tA 0, sA 262.0 MPa (C)
817