LAW ON NATURAL RESOURCES Usually concerned with the production of

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OVERALL POLICY
P.D. 1151: Philippine Environmental
Policy of 1977
INTRODUCTION
Enacted in June 6, 1977
PURPOSE: To protect the right of the people to a
healthy environment through a requirement of
environmental impact assessments and
statements.
The law was established to address the urgent
need to formulate an intensive and integrated
program to protect the entire spectrum of the
environment.
It indicates its national intent to support an
intergenerational responsibility and achieve
sustainable development through
environmental assessment laws.
Encourages the use of all practicable means,
with consideration to other national laws, to
exploit the environment without degrading it or
endangering human life, health and safety or
creating adverse conditions for agriculture,
commerce and industry.
metals that does not contain iron such as:
2. IRON AND STEEL MILLS
It can refer to the steel works making rolled
products from iron ore, but it also designs,
more precisely the plant where steel semi-
finished casting products (blooms, ingots,
slabs, billets) are made, from molten pig
iron or from scraps.
3. PETROLEUM AND PETRO-CHEMICAL
INDUSTRIES
Malampaya Gas Field located in the West
Philippine Sea
4. SMELTING PLANTS
A smelting plant is an industrial location
where metal is extracted for raw ore.
Common examples of metal smelting
include tin, lead, copper, bronze, and iron.
The extraction of pure aluminum is also
called smelting, although the process is
significantly different from that of the other
ores.
RESOURCE EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES
1. MAJOR MINING AND QUARRY PROJECTS
a. Canatuan Mine
b. Tampakan Mine
2. FORESTRY PRODUCTS
a. Logging
b. Forest Occupation
c. Extraction of Mangrove Products

The law provides importance to: INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS

1. the preservation of historic and cultural 1. MAJOR DAMS

aspects of the Philippine heritage; a. Angat Dam
2. Attainment of rational and orderly balance b. San Roque Dam
between population and its resource use; 2. MAJOR POWER PLANTS
3. Improvement in the utilization of renewable a. Mariveles Coal Plant
and non-renewable resources. b. Makban Geothermal Plant
3. MAJOR RECLAMATION PROJECTS
The Decree also established the a. Mall of Asia Complex
environmental impact assessment system, 4. MAJOR ROADS AND BRIDGES
which requires private establishments and a. San Juanico Bridge
government agencies to submit b. Commonwealth Avenue
Environmental Impact Statements (EIS) for
every action, project, or undertaking planned by POLICY OF THE STATE
them, which significantly affects the quality of A. To create, develop, maintain, and improve
the environment. conditions under which man and nature can
thrive in productive and enjoyable harmony with
Presidential Decree No 1586 (1978) limited the each other.
coverage of the EIS requirement of Presidential B. To fulfill the social, economic, and other
Decree No. 1151 by specifying that only requirements of present and future generations
projects and areas which are environmentally of Filipinos.
critical will automatically fall within its purview. C. To ensure the attainment of an environmental
quality that is conducive to a life of dignity and
Three (3) types of environmentally critical well being.
projects:
GOAL OF THE GOVERNMENT
1 HEAVY INDUSTRIES A. Recognize, discharge, and fulfill the
2 RESOURCE EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES responsibilities of each generation as trustee
3 INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS and guardian of the environment for the
succeeding generations;
HEAVY INDUSTRIES B. Assure the people of a safe, decent, helpful,
productive, and aesthetic environment;
1. NON-FERROUS METAL INDUSTRIES C. Encourage the widest exploitation of the
environment without degrading it, or
 endangering human life, health, and safety or ii. Any adverse environmental effect
creating conditions adverse to agriculture, which cannot be avoided should the
commerce, and industry; proposal be implemented;
D. Preserve important historic and cultural aspects
of the Philippine heritage; iii. Alternative to the proposed action;
E. Attain a rational and orderly balance between
population and resource use; iv. A determination that the short-term
F. Improve the utilization of renewable and uses of the resources of the
nonrenewable resources. environment are consistent with the
maintenance and enhancement of
the long-term productivity of the
same; and

v. Whenever a proposal involves the

depletable or nonrenewable
resources, a finding use of must be
made that such use and
LAW ON NATURAL RESOURCES commitment are warranted.
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CHARACTERISTICS OF ENVIRONMENTALLY
CRITICAL AREAS:
P.D. 1586 Areas declared by law as natural parks,
Establishing an Environmental Impact watershed reserves, wildlife reserves, and
Statement System sanctuaries
Areas set aside as aesthetic, potential tourist
INTRODUCTION spots
Enacted and Implemented in 1978 Areas which constitute the habitat for any
endangered or threatened species of indigenous
POLICY OF THE STATE is to attain and Philippine wildlife (flora and fauna)
maintain a rational and orderly balance Areas which are traditionally occupied by
between socio-economic growth and cultural communities or tribes.
environmental protection.
PENALTY
PURPOSE Any person, corporation or partnership found
To facilitate the attainment and maintenance of violating:
rational and orderly balance between socio- the terms and conditions in the issuance
economic development and environmental of the Environmental Compliance
protection. Certificate;
or of the standards, rules and
FEATURES regulations issued by the National
Declared environmentally critical projects and Environmental Protection Council
areas are required to obtain an Environmental
Compliance Certificate (ECC) before operation Shall be punished by:
(Sec. 4 PD 1586). the suspension or cancellation of his/its
certificate; and/or
Environmental Impact Assessment is a a fine in an amount not to exceed Fifty
planning and management tool that will help Thousand Pesos (P50,000.00) for every
government, decision makers, the proponents violation thereof, at the discretion of the
and the affected community address the National Environmental Protection
negative consequences or risks on the Council.
environment.
6 STAGES UNDER P.D. NO. 1586
The process assures implementation of 1. Screening
environment-friendly projects. 2. Scoping
3. Conduct of Environmental Impact Assessment
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENTS (EIA)
All agencies and instrumentalities of the 4. Review of EIA
national government, including all GOCCs as 5. Decision making of ECP
well as private corporations and firms and A. Environmentally Critical Projects
entities shall prepare, file, and include in every (ECP) Environmental Compliance
action, project, or undertaking which Certificate
significantly affects the quality of the B. Non-Environmentally Critical
environment a detailed statement on: Projects (ECP) Certificate of Non-
Coverage
i. The environmental impact of the 6. Monitoring
proposed action, project, or
undertaking; NOTE:
Stages 1 to 3 Project Proponent
 Stages 4 to 6 DENR (EMB)

FLOWCHART FOR PD 1586

NOTE:
ECC Environmental Compliance Certificate
CNC Certificate of Non-Coverage