Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
The LEGO
Yoshihito Isogawa
it without the need for step-by-step instructions.
No Starch
Press
This Book is not authorized or
endorsed by the LEGO Group.
No Starch
Press 181 Simple Machines and Clever Contraptions
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The LEGO MINDSTORMS EV3 Idea Book
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Yoshihito Isogawa
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The LEGO MINDSTORMS EV3 Idea Book. Copyright 2015 by Yoshihito Isogawa.
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior
written permission of the copyright owner and the publisher.
Printed in China
First Printing
18 17 16 15 14 123456789
ISBN-10: 1-59327-600-1
ISBN-13: 978-1-59327-600-3
For information on distribution, translations, or bulk sales, please contact No Starch Press, Inc. directly:
No Starch Press, Inc.
245 8th Street, San Francisco, CA 94103
phone: 415.863.9900; info@nostarch.com
www.nostarch.com
No Starch Press and the No Starch Press logo are registered trademarks of No Starch Press, Inc. Other product and
company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than use a trademark
symbol with every occurrence of a trademarked name, we are using the names only in an editorial fashion and to the
benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark.
LEGO, MINDSTORMS, the brick and knob configurations, and the minifigure are trademarks of the LEGO Group,
which does not sponsor, authorize, or endorse this book.
The information in this book is distributed on an As Is basis, without warranty. While every precaution has been
taken in the preparation of this work, neither the author nor No Starch Press, Inc. shall have any liability to any person
or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by the information
contained in it.
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Contents
Introduction 1
Swinging mechanisms 36
Reciprocating mechanisms 42
Cam mechanisms 48
Intermittent motion 52
v
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Transmitting rotation over a long distance 62
Universal joints 74
PART 2 Vehicles
Driving wheels with a motor 78
Caster wheels 90
Crawlers 94
Steering 104
vi
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PART 3 Moving Without Tires
Walking machines 110
vii
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Swinging a pendulum 184
PART 5 Sensors
Ideas for using the touch sensor 206
Ideas for using the buttons of the Intelligent EV3 Brick 214
viii
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Introduction
The LEGO MINDSTORMS EV3 set is
designed to allow builders of any age
What About Programs?
tocreate robots, vehicles, and other This book is about exploring the mechanical
contraptions with moving parts. side of EV3 and robotics, rather than program-
ming. Youll need only a few simple programs
Each model in this book is only a small mech- to test out your mechanical creations. Prepare
anism, but you can make an infinite variety these three simple programs in advance.
of larger models by combining these ideas.
LEGO bricks arent designed to fit in just one
specific place or in one particular way. Your
imagination is your guide when building with
LEGO, and I hope that you will create your
own wonderful masterpieces using this book
as inspiration.
This program will rotate the Large EV3
To build the models in this book, all you need motor, then rest for a period.
is the LEGO MINDSTORMS EV3 set (home
edition #31313).
1
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PART 1
2
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Basic Mechanisms
4 30 48 60 68
18 36 52 62 74
22 42 56 64
3
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Gear ratios
#1
2 4:4=1:1
2
#2
24:24=1:1 2
2
4
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#3
36:36=1:1 2
#4
2 20:20=1:1
2
5
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#5
2
3
2
12:12=1:1
#6
2 2
2
2 2
12:12=1:1
6
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slow down speed up
#7
12:20=3:5
2
7
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#8
12:24=1:2 2
#9
12:36=1:3
8
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#10
2 20:36=5:9
#11
20:24=5:6 2
9
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#12
24:36=2:3
#13
12:20:12=3:5:3 2
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#14
20:12:20=5:3:5
2
3
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#15
4
2 2
20:12:36:12:20=5:3:9:3:5
#16
5
2
2
4:4=1:1
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#17
5
2 2 2
24:24=1:1
#18
2 36:36=1:1
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#19
5
20:20=1:1
#20
3
2
24:24=1:1
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#21
6 7
2
4
12:20=3:5
#22
2 2 2
12:36=1:3
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#23
3
3
20:12=5:3
#24
12:20:12:36=3:5:3:9
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#25
2 5 2
2
2 2
36:12=3:1
12:36=1:3
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Compound gear systems
#26
2
12:36=1:3
3
2 2
12:36=1:3
1:3 3:9
1:3 1:3
1:9
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#27
12:20=3:5
12:36=1:3
3:5
1:3
1:5
#28
12:20=3:5
2
3
2
12:20=3:5
3:5 15:25
3:5 9:15
9:25
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#29
3
2 2 7
2 2 2 2
12:36=1:3
12:36=1:3
1:3 3:9
1:3 1:3
1:9
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#30
3
2 2
2 5
2 2 2
4:4=1:1
9:1
36:12=3:1
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Changing the
angleofrotation
#31
2
12:12=1:1
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#32
2
2 2
5
7
4:4=1:1
#33
12:20=3:5
23
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#34
5
12:12=1:1
#35
12:20=3:5 5
#36
12:12=1:1
2
3
24
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#37
5 7
20:20=1:1
#38
5
2 2 2 4
2
20:20=1:1
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#39
2
7
2 2
12:12=1:1
#40
4 5
2
2 2
4:4=1:1
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#41
4:4=1:1
2
1:1
2
3
2 20:12:20=5:3:5
2
5
3 1:1 5:5
6
5:3:5 5:3:5
4
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#42
3 5
3
2 2 2 2
4:4=1:1
#43
3 5 2
12:12=1:1
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#44
2
2
2
12:12=1:1
2
12:12=1:1
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Using worm drives
#45
2
6 1:24
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#46
3 5 7
4
2
2 4 2 3
1:24
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#47
3
2 7
2 4 2 2
1:20
#48
5 6
2 2 2 2
1:20
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#49
1:24
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#50
1:24
12:36=1:3
1:24 3:72 2 2
1:3 1:3 1:72
10 2 2
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#51
5
6
2
3
1:24
2 2
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Swinging mechanisms
#52
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#53
5 2
#54
5 3
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#55
#56
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#57
3
2
5
2 2
#58
3
7
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#59
#60
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2 2
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#61
3
2 3
2
2 2
#62
2 2
2 2
4
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Reciprocating mechanisms
#63
3 2
5 2
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#64
3 5
2
2
#65
2
2 5
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#66
4
2
#67
4
5
3 2
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#68
4
2
2
6
3
2 2
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#69
3 5
2
2
2 2
#70
2 2 2
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#71
2 2 2
2
14
4
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Cam mechanisms
#72
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#73
2
2
#74
3
7
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#75
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#76
2 2 3 2
2
3
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Intermittent motion
#77
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#78
8 2
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#79
5 2
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#80
2 2 2
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Transmitting rotation
withrubber bands
#81
1:3.6
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#82
1:1
#83
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#84
3
5
#85
4 3
2
2 2
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#86
2 6 4
2
2
3
2
5
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Transmitting rotation
withcaterpillar treads
#87
2
2
2 5
2 2
4
2
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2
2
4 6 3
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Transmitting rotation
over a long distance
#89
3
2
4 2
4
2
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#90
2 2
2
3 7
#91
4 2
2
3
4 2 2
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Off-center axes of rotation
#92
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#93
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#94
3
2 5
2
2 2
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#95
3
2
5
5
3
3
2 2 2 2 2 2
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Changeover mechanisms
using rotational direction
#96
6 7 3
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3 2 2
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#97
3 6 2
2 2 2 2 2
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#98
2
2
2 2 2
2
2
5
2
2
4
3
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#99
2 2 2
4
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5 4 4
2 2 14 2 2
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Universal joints
#100
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2
2
3
4
5
2
6
2 2
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#101
2
4
6
6
2
3
2
2
5
2 2
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PART 2
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Vehicles
78 90 100
82 94 104
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Driving wheels with a motor
#102
2 2
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#103
4
2
2
5 6
2 2
12:20=3:5 4:4=1:1
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#104
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#105
3
6
9
2 8
2 3 2 2 2
1:24
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Driving wheels with
twomotors
#106
2 2
5
2 2 4 4
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#107
2
2
2
2
12:20=3:5
2
2 2
5
3
3 2
2 6 4
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#108
10
2
4
2 2
2
4
2
3
2
7
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4:4=1:1
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#109
4
2
10
4 2
2 2
2 2
2
6
2
3
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12:20=3:5
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#110
2 4
2 2
2
2
2 2
6
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20:36=5:9
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Caster wheels
#111
90
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#112
2 2
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#113
3
2 2
2 2
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#114
3
3 2 3
2 2
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Crawlers
#115
2 2
7
5
2 4 2 4 2
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#116
2 2
2 2
6
2
2
5
8 2
3
20:12:20=5:3:5
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#117
2 2 2 4
2
7
4 4
2 4
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#118
2 2 4
4 2
2 4
12
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Suspended wheels
#119
2
2
2
2 7
2 4
2 3
2 4 2 2 2
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#120
2 2 2
2
2
3 2 2
2 2
2 2
2 4 4 4 10 2
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Steering
#121
2
2 5
2 2
3 2
5
5 14
5
2
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6
2 2
2
2
10
2 2 2 2
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PART 3
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Moving Without Tires
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Walking machines
#122
2
2
2 6
2
7 4
2
2 2 2 8
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#123
4 2
2 2
2
2 2
2 7
3 4
4 3
2 2 2 2 12 2
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#124
4
4
4
4
2
2 7
24
2
4
3
2 4 10 2 8 2
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#125
2
2
4
4
6
3
2
2
2 2 4
2 4 2 2 16
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#126
2
2
4
4 2
4
2 2
4 16 4
2 2 4 2 2 2
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Moving like an inchworm
#127
3 3
2
4 2
2 2
4 6 4
2 12 4 4
2
2
2
2
3
2
5
2
2
7
2
2
9
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Moving through vibration
#128
4 2
2 2
2 2
2
2
3
2
4
2 14
3
2 6
5 2
6 7
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PART 4
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Arms, Wings, and
Other Movements
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Flapping wings
#129
4 4 2
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#130
2
3
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#131
2
2
2
4 2
5 4 2 2 2
4 3
3 2 2 4 4
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#132
2
2 2
2
2 2 2 2 2
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#133
2 2
2
2 3 2 2 3 2 5
5
3
3 3 4 4 5
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#134
2 2
2 2
4 5
2 2 2
4 7
2
2 2 4 4 4
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Gripping fingers
#135
2
2 2
5 6 7
2
2
4 3 2 8
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#136
4 2
4 2
2 14
3 2
2
5
3
6
2
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To avoid overextending the mechanism,
use this program instead of the standard one.
143
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#137
10
4
4
3
5 5
7
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#138
2
2
2
4
2
2
2
4
2
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To avoid overextending the
mechanism, use this program
instead of the standard one.
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#139
4
2
3
2
2 4
2
2
4
3
10
5
4
7
2
2
2
4
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Heres a program
for this arm.
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Lifting things
#140
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#141
2 7
2 2
2 2
6 7
5
3
2 2 4
2 4 2
6 9
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#142
2 2
2
3
3
5
2
9
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Shooting things
#143
2 6
2 2
7
3
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#144
2
3
2 2 2 2
5
2 6
2 7
3 2
2 2 2 4
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#145
2
2
3
2
5
4
2
7
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#146
2
2
2 2
2 2
2
4 2
2
2
2
3
2
5
5
6
2
2
8
2
2 2
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#147
2 2
2
2 2
6
2
3
2
5
2 2
2 18
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Automatic doors
#148
2
2
4 2
3
2
5
5
9 2
8 4 2
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#149
2
2
2 4 2
5
9 10
3
2 2 2
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#150
2
4
5
3
3
6
3
3
3
5
4
15
9
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Raking up or out
#151
4
2
2
2
4 3 2
5 4 2
4
3 2
2 2 2 14
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#152
4 2 2
4
2
2
3 4 4
2
9 8
2
2 2 2 4
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Creating wind
#153
2
2
2
2
3
2
6
6 2
10
7
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#154
2
12
3
2
5
3
7
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Swinging a pendulum
#155
2
2
4
2 2
3
2
2
5
20
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#156
3
2
6
12
2 2
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Using attachments to
change motion
#157
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4
2
2
3 4
7 8
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3
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9
2 2
3
2 3 2
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4
3
2
4
5
2
6
4
7
6
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Meshing gears diagonally
#158
4
2 2
6
6
2 2 6 2
4
5
3
4 2 4 3 2
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#159
2 4
4
4 2 6 2
4
3
4
5
2
6
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#160
2 2
3
2
2
2
2
6
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Changing the angle of
rotation freely
#161
4 9
2 2
2 2
2 2
3
2
5
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#162
8 6 4
4 2 2
2
4
2 3
5
3
9
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#163
2
2 2 2
4
3
3
2 2
5 3
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PART 5
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Sensors
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Ideas for using the
touch sensor
#164
4
2
3
2
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#165
7
2 3
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#166
5
3 3
2 9
3 4
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#167
2
2
2 2
2
2 5 6
2 2 4
OFF ON
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#168
2
2 2
OFF ON
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#169
3
2
2 2
2
2 2 4
OFF ON
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#170
4
2
2
8
OFF ON
212
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#171
3
2
2
4 2
2 2 8 2
OFF ON
213
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Ideas for using the buttons
of the Intelligent EV3 Brick
#172
2 3
2
2 8 4
214
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#173
2
2
2
2
3
2
3 4 8
215
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Ideas for using the
color sensor
#174
2
2 9
5
2 3
216
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#175
2 3
2 2 2 6
217
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PART 6
218
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Something Extra
220 222
219
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Using the
Pythagoreantheorem
#176
5*5=(3*3)+(4*4)
#177
5*5=(3*3)+(4*4)
220
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#178
13*13=(12*12)+(5*5)
13
12
#179 #180
7*7(5*5)+(5*5) 17*17(12*12)+(12*12)
7 17
12
5
5 12
221
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Try building
somethinghandy!
#181
2
2 2
2
5
3
4 2 2 6 2 8
222
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223
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Updates
Visit http://www.nostarch.com/ev3ideabook/ for updates,
errata, and other information.
MINDSTORMS EV3
Cars, Trucks, Robots & More! Creative Ways to Build
Programming by pawe sariel kmiec Amazing Models
by terry griffin fall 2014, 280 pp., $29.95 by jordan schwartz
september 2014, 250 pp., $34.95 isbn 978-1-59327-587-7 june 2014, 288 pp., $24.95
800.420.7240 or 415.863.9900|sales@nostarch.com|www.nostarch.com
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Imagine. Create. Invent.
THE LEGO
YOSHIHITO ISOGAWA
it without the need for step-by-step instructions.
NO STARCH
PRESS
THIS BOOK IS NOT AUTHORIZED OR
ENDORSED BY THE LEGO GROUP.
NO STARCH
PRESS 181 Simple Machines and Clever Contraptions
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