QSW: Quotes, Summary, Wonderings

Article Title: What Is Cyberbullying (informational)

Link: https://www.stopbullying.gov/cyberbullying/what-is-
it/

Quotes: Kids who are being cyberbullied are often

**(3-5 Depending on
article length)**
bullied in person as well. Additionally, kids
who are cyberbullied have a harder time getting
away from the behavior.

The 2015 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance

System (Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention) also indicates that an estimated 16%
of high school students were bullied
electronically in the 12 months prior to the
survey.

Cyberbullying can happen 24 hours a day, 7 days

a week, and reach a kid even when he or she is
alone. It can happen any time of the day or
night.

Summary: Primarily a brief definition of cyberbullying and its

**(1-2 paragraphs
depending on article
different forms. Establishing a basic understanding
length)** for what bullying is specifically.

Wondering: Are there any ways for companies/service providers to

mitigate this problem? Are there any things that we
as people can help reduce the issue? If so how?

Article Title: Understanding Bullying (informational)

Link: https://www.psychologytoday.com/basics/bullying

Quotes: Bullying is a distinctive pattern of harming

**(3-5 Depending on and humiliating others, specifically those who
article length)**
are in some way smaller, weaker, younger or in
any way more vulnerable than the bully.

Bullying is not garden-variety aggression; it

is a deliberate and repeated attempt to cause
harm to others of lesser power. It's a very
durable behavioral style, largely because
 bullies get what they wantat least at first.

Bullies are made, not born, and it happens at

an early age

Electronic bullying has become a significant

problem in the past decade. The ubiquity of
hand-held and other devices affords bullies any-
time access to their prey, and harassment can
often be carried out anonymously

Bullies couldn't exist without victims, and

they don't pick on just anyone; those singled
out lack assertiveness and radiate fear long
before they ever encounter a bully.

Summary: This article explains some of the ways that Bullying

**(1-2 paragraphs works, including: Why/how it happens, how some people
depending on article
length)** end up a victim, why it is easy for people to bully
others through electronics, etc.

This article is pretty much a Short Explanation of

what bullying is and what behaviors cause it to
continue to exist today.

Wondering: One thing that really stuck out to me is that the

article stated that bullies are made, not born. This
is crazy to think about because there are many ways
that people are trying to bring an end to bullying by
shutting down the bullies that already exist, when it
seems like whatever makes the bully is where the
problem starts: maybe a solution can be found by
doing more research and taking a closer look as to
why people become bullies??

Article Title: Real Life Stories (Informational-Real Stories)

(Not an Article but Real Stories of Cyberbully
Victims)

Link: http://www.puresight.com/Real-Life-Stories/real-life-
stories.html

Quotes: When they broke up, he sent the photo to

**(3-5 Depending on everyone else at her school. Jesse was cruelly
article length)**
harassed for months by the other girls at her
school, who called her a slut and a whore.
In the weeks leading up to her death, Smith had
been subjected to cruel taunts and insults about
her weight and a family death on Ask.fm, a
question-and-answer social networking site that
allows anonymous participation. Bullies on
Ask.fm urged her to drink bleach and cut
herself.
His mother, Jeannie Chambers, said she knew her
son was being harassed, and said that her son
told her, Mom, you dont know how it feels to
be hated.
In todays age, bullies dont push you into
lockers, they dont tell their victims to meet
them behind the schools dumpster after class.
They cower behind user names and fake profiles
from miles away constantly berating and abusing
good, innocent people.
"I saw the pain in Davids eyes three nights ago
as he was added to a group text only to be made
fun of and kicked out two minutes later. I spoke
to him right after to comfort him and he didnt
even hear me. He stared off into the distance
for what seemed like an hour. I could feel his
pain. It was a tangible pain. He didnt even
have the contact information of any of the eight
members who started the group text.
"He did not take his own life. His life was
taken by these faceless people who put the child
into a burning building that he felt he could
not escape".
I am not going to put you in the hospital, I am
going to put you in the morgue."

Summary: This web page includes 13 stories of real cyberbully

**(1-2 paragraphs victims who committed suicide. The majority of the
depending on article
length)** stories show how one rumor or one photo can turn into
year of bullying. In the quotes section, the words
written in blue are things that bullies said to these
victims either through social media or in person.

Wondering: Why do people torment their classmates for one

mistake, bad decision or for no reason at all? Does
 it make other people feel better to make others feel
worse?

Article Title: Online Bullies Pull Schools Into the Fray

(Informational)

Link: http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/28/style/28bully.html

Quotes: The girls parents, wild with outrage and fear,

**(3-5 Depending on showed the principal the text messages: a dozen
article length)**
shocking, sexually explicit threats, sent to their
daughter the previous Saturday night from the
cellphone of a 12-year old boy.

Schools these days are confronted with complex

questions on whether or not they should deal with
cyberbullying, an imprecise label for online
activities ranging from barrages of teasing texts to
sexually harassing group sites.

Affronted by cyberspace escalation of adolescent

viciousness, many parents are looking to schools for
justice, protection, even revenge. But many educators
feel unprepared or unwilling to be prosecutors and
judges.

Often, school district discipline codes say little

over educators authority over cell phones,
computers, and off-campus speech.

Judges are flummoxed, too, as they wrestle with new

questions about protections on student speech and
school searches. Can a student be suspended for
posting a video on YouTube that cruelly demeans
another student? Can a principal search a cell phone,
much like a locker or a backpack?

Summary: This article focused on incidents at a middle school

**(1-2 paragraphs
depending on article
school that brought light on issues over what
length)** authority schools have in this new issue that comes
with technology. That is something that is very hotly
debated among different states, with some states
 falling in support of allowing schools to enforce
cyberbullying policies and others offering no support
at all.

In the article its also referenced that 44 states

have bullying statutes which apply to all forms of
bullying. But even in those 44 states there are few
that offer any guidance in regards to cyberbullying
and digital communication.

Wondering: My wondering is how far future schools will be

allowed to go with these searches, and when/where
will the authorities step in?

Article Title: STOP Cyberbullying: Why Do Kids Cyberbully Each

Other? (Informational)

Link: http://www.stopcyberbullying.org/why_do_kids_cyberbul
ly_each_other.html

http://www.stopcyberbullying.org/prevention/index.htm
l

Quotes: Sometimes they do it for entertainment or

**(3-5 Depending on because they are bored and have too much time on
article length)**
their hands and too many tech toys available to
them. Many do it for laughs or to get a
reaction.
Some do it by accident, and either send a
message to the wrong recipient or didn't think
before they did something.
When schools try and get involved by
disciplining the student for cyberbullying
actions that took place off-campus and outside
of school hours, they are often sued for
exceeding their authority and violating the
student's free speech right.
Parents need to be the one trusted place kids
can go when things go wrong online and offline.
Yet they often are the one place kids avoid when
things go wrong online.

Summary: This Website talks about What cyberbullying is, the

**(1-2 paragraphs
depending on article reasons why some people bully others, and other
length)**
surprising facts including that kids often dont go
to their parents when they are a victim of
cyberbullying, and why some schools choose not to get
involved when someone is being cyberbullied.

Wondering: Why is there ever even the risk that a school will be
sued for trying to protect a student who is a victim
of cyberbullying? Some could argue that shutting down
hate comments online is taking away the right of
speech, but dont you lose that right once it could
potentially put someone else at risk and/ or in
danger?

From what Ive seen, it does seem like parents are

the last place that a lot of kids goes to when being
bullied. Is this out of embarrassment, trying to deal
with it on their own, fear of how the parents might
react?

Article Title: Confronting My Cyberbully Thirteen Years Later

(Opinion)

Link: https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2014/0
9/confronting-my-cyberbully-thirteen-years-
later/380888/

Quotes: Between ages 13 and 16, she sent me emails, from my

**(3-5 Depending on own account, "reminding" me to kill myself. Well, I
article length)**
didn'tI grew up, and so did she.

The worst part were the calendar reminders. Written

in the first person, they notified me of my own plans
to kill myself.

These reminders were always set for midnight, in the

dead of winter. I was an imaginative child, so they
would bring up the whole scene for me immediately: I
would see my own hands on the bridge railing, the
darkness of the water below.

Amanda is now a fat, happy mom in the suburbs and

I'm still terrified of her. I know this because, for
 this story, I started contacting her on Facebook
Messenger. I soon developed a Pavlovian response to
the Facebook pop. It made my hands shake and my heart
race. Sometimes I buried my face in my palms for two
breaths before I checked the message.

What I really wanted to know was what kind of person

sends another girl prompts to kill herself. But it
seemed like I would never find out. She didn't
remember setting the calendar reminders, she kept
saying. Either she was lying to me, or they mattered
so little to her, she forgot.

Summary: This story focuses on the story of a student who had

**(1-2 paragraphs
depending on article
experienced cyberbullying at the very beginning of
length)** the internet. Only being tormented through emails and
calendar reminders. The calendar reminders would be
written in first person reminding the victim to kill
herself in some specific way. They would always be
set in the middle of winter or at midnight. Years
later the victim decided to confront the attacker, an
old friend over facebook. The attacker (named Amanda
in the article) mostly denied or had forgotten that
anything ever happened. Summing everything up as
Probably some petty argument.

Wondering: My wondering is how someone can completely forget how

significant something like this to a victim who
likely already has poor self esteem. In the article
Amanda claims that she forgot most of the happenings
between them. Is that what this form of bullying is
like? Just something you can sweep quietly into your
past?

Article Title: Cyberbullying: causes, effects, and remedies

(Scientific)

Link: http://adnanonline.net/files/metu/lit_rev/Refs.pdf

Quotes: The negative impacts of bullying on schooling,

**(3-5 Depending on
article length)**
relationships and the emotional and
psychological health of young people who are its
victims can be long term; in some cases, the
 impacts continue into early adulthood (Patchin
& Hinduja 2006).
There are also long-term implications for
bullies; for example, they have been found to
typically exhibit higher levels of antisocial,
violent and/or criminal behaviour in adulthood
(Patchin & Hinduja 2006; Kulig, Hall & Kalischuk
2008).
Young people impacted by cyberbullying may be
more likely to experience suicide ideation as a
reaction to cyber bullying than those who
experience traditional bullying.
90% of victims claimed to have not told an
adult
...attribute the inhibition to fears of
humiliation and embarrassment; not being
believed; having their concerns
trivialised; and/or having access to
technology devices restricted (Campbell
2007; Rickwood et al. 2005; Smith et al.
2008).
86% people reported some version of impact that
cyberbullying had on them (Of that 86%
cyberbullying affected):
78% self confidence
70% self esteem
42% friendships
35% negative effect on school grades
28% effect on school attendance
19% family relationships
75% felt sad(54% of those:extreme sadness)
72% felt annoyed(52% of those:felt angry)
58% frustrated
48% embarrassed
Adolescent victims were more likely to have
behavior problems, consume alcohol, smoke, and
have low school commitment than adolescent non-
victims (Mason, 2008).
A population-based study of cyberbullying in
adolescents from Finland found victims
experienced emotional and peer problems,
headaches, recurrent abdominal pain, problems
sleeping, and not feeling safe at school
compared to non-victims (Sourander et al.,
2010).
 ...victims of cyberbullying, ages 10 through
17, endorsed more depressive symptoms than non-
victims.

Summary: This scholarly article includes a lot of facts based

**(1-2 paragraphs
depending on article
on statistics that have been found based on
length)** cyberbullying and studies that have been done. These
statistics include how many peoples self
esteem,confidence, friendships, school grades, school
attendance, family relationships, mood, etc. were
affected by being a victim of cyberbullying.

Wondering: All of these numbers are pretty high. It seems like a

lot of students are affected by cyberbullying and the
negative impact that it has on their life can affect
the way that they function, increase their rate of
attempting suicide, and severely damage their own
self image. There has got to be more that schools can
do to stop cyberbullying because this issue is a
matter of life and death for some students.

Additional Research
1) Scientific - The Bully
2) School policies on Cyberbullying - debate on freedom of speech -
are there schools currently that have a policy and what schools
dont and why

Article Title: Why Do Some Kids Cyberbully Others? (Additional

Research)

Link: https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-wide-wide-
world-psychology/201304/why-do-some-kids-cyberbully-
others

Quotes: The ability to be anonymous might increase the

**(3-5 Depending on likelihood that youths will engage in the
article length)**
behavior. Furthermore, a cyberbully does not
necessarily see the reaction of the victim,
making it easier to engage in mean behaviors.
Research has found that young people who engage
in cyberbullying have less empathy (defined as
 sharing another persons emotional state) than
students not involved in cyberbullying
(Steffgen, Konig, Pfetsch, & Melzer, 2010).
Some students reported online bullying made
them feel funny, popular, and powerful
(Mishna et al., 2010).
Young people who believe other students are
bullying online are more likely to engage in the
behavior themselves. In addition, adolescents
who believe the adults in their lives will
punish them for bullying online are less likely
to engage in the behavior (Hinduja & Patchin,
2013).
Parents play an especially important role.
Students who bully online are more likely to
report poor parent-child relationships and a
lack of parental monitoring of online behavior
(Ybarra & Mitchell; 2004).

Summary: This article talks about why people choose to

**(1-2 paragraphs cyberbully others. Because no reasoning can apply to
depending on article
length)** everyone, since every case is different, the article
talks about a variety of reasons that adolescents
choose to bully each other online.

Wondering: It seems like a lot of cyberbullying starts by

others influence. There is a lot of pressure at a
young age to impress each other and to fit in.
According to the article some people who were
cyberbullies said that it made them feel funny,
popular, and powerful.

It also seems that there is a correlation between

parental online monitoring and cyberbullying as well.

Article Title: Off-Campus Cyberbullying (Additional Research)

Link: http://www.unc.edu/courses/2010spring/law/357c/001/Cy
berbully/off-campus-bullying.html

Quotes: When the Court stated that students do not shed

**(3-5 Depending on
article length)**
their First Amendment rights at the schoolhouse
 gate, it implied that they have full First
Amendment rights outside of schoolhouse
gates...As a result, it can be argued that if
cyberbullying takes place off-campus, is not
during a school function, and uses no school
resources, a school cannot punish the student
for that speech without violating his/her First
Amendment rights.
The Supreme Court explained that schools may
regulate in-school speech even though the
government could not censor similar speech
outside [of] the school... as they suggest that
off-campus student speech receives full First
Amendment protection.
This next quote is a specific case where the supreme
court did rule in favor of the school punishing
people who bullied others online outside off campus.
a student may be disciplined for expressive
conduct, even conduct occurring off school
grounds, when this conduct would foreseeably
create a risk of substantial disruption within
the school environment, [and] it was similarly
foreseeable that the off-campus expression might
also reach campus.

Summary: Different Court cases where it was discussed whether

**(1-2 paragraphs
depending on article
or not punishing cyberbullies (who bully others
length)** outside of the school campus) is an infringement on
the students first amendment right. Most cases were
ruled in favor of the student, however, the last case
mentioned in the article was ruled in favor of the
school.

Wondering: The first amendment states that you can say whatever
you want as long as it doesnt put anyone else at
risk or harm anyone else right? In school or outside
of school, bullying and especially cyberbullying put
people at risk everyday. 20% of kids that are
cyberbullied consider suicide and 1 in 10 attempt it.
Based on this information, how does cyberbullying not
put others at risk?