World Mineral Production 2011-2014

World Mineral
Production
20102014
BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
WORLD MINERAL PRODUCTION

201014
Authors: T J Brown, C E Wrighton, N E Idoine, E R Raycraft, R A Shaw, E A Deady,

J Rippingale and T Bide
Technical support: A C MacKenzie
Keyworth, Nottingham British Geological Survey 2016

NERC 2016 all rights reserved
First Published 2016
BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

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The London Office also maintains a reference collection of

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BGS Sales Desks.
The British Geological Survey carries out the geological

survey of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the latter as an
agency service for the government of Northern Ireland), and
of the surrounding continental shelf, as well as its basic
research projects. It also undertakes programmes of British
technical aid in geology in developing countries as arranged
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Natural Environment Research Council.
All communications regarding the content of this publication

should be addressed to the Science Director, Minerals &
Waste, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham
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E-mail minerals@bgs.ac.uk
The compilations presented in this book are copyright and

may not be reproduced in any form without the permission of
the Director, British Geological Survey.
Bibliographical reference
BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. 2015. World mineral
production 2009-13. (Keyworth, Nottingham: British
Geological Survey.)
Cover image: Muscovite mica collected near Loch Nevis,

photographer JI Rayner, British Geological Survey image
library reference P527602, BGS NERC
ISBN 978-0-85272-856-7 (print version)
ISBN 978-0-85272-857-4 (website version)
ii
PREFACE
Welcome to the latest edition of World Mineral Production, copper and refined nickel), Russia (potash), Canada (potash
which includes global mineral production data for 2014 and is and tungsten), New Caledonia (refined nickel) and Spain
a continuation of the dataset that began in 1913. (tungsten). We look forward to adding the United Kingdom to
the statistics for tungsten next year, following the first
This publication is compiled from a comprehensive database, shipments of concentrates from the newly opened Drakelands
maintained by the British Geological Survey, through which Mine at the Hemerdon Project in Devon in 2015.
we aim to provide a reliable, comprehensive and continuous
set of data covering most of the minerals that enter However, over the five year period covered by this volume the
international trade. In this volume we have set out the production of some mineral commodities has significantly
production figures by country for more than 70 mineral declined. For example, the production of platinum group
commodities, over the five-year period from 2010 to 2014. metals declined by nearly 23 per cent between 2010 and 2014,
The objective of this series remains to present the latest fluorspar decreased by 14 per cent and zirconium decreased by
production information obtained from official bodies in 10 per cent. As noted above, the reduction in global
individual countries, although other sources are also used to production of platinum group metals is partially due to a fall
ensure completeness and accuracy. The cooperation afforded in output from South Africa, but Russias production has also
to the British Geological Survey by numerous national and declined over the five year period by 27 per cent. The decline
international organisations is gratefully acknowledged. in global output of fluorspar is principally caused by a
decrease in Chinas production, but the fall in the production
As always, the statistics contained in this latest volume reveal of zirconium is due to reductions in outputs from a number of
some interesting trends in the global outputs of several mineral countries; the most notable in percentage terms are Sri Lanka
commodities. For example, the implementation of a new (reduced by 96 per cent over the five years) and Vietnam
mining law in Indonesia prohibiting the export of unprocessed (reduced by 71 per cent).
ores is clearly reflected in the production data for mined nickel
and bauxite, with the former falling by 21 per cent and the Concern surrounding the worldwide security of supply of
latter by nearly 13 per cent. Indonesias output of these two minerals, which has been evident for a few years now
ores fell by 75 per cent and 96 per cent respectively. Although continues. Particular interest focusses on the so called
ore production increased in other countries, this was critical minerals, i.e. those elements that are essential for
insufficient to compensate for the reduced output from new and/or green technologies. New policies and programmes
Indonesia. Other notable decreases in world production were of supporting research have continued to be developed across
for mined antimony (reduced by 19 per cent between 2013 and the entire worldwide supply chain, with the common aims of
2014), fluorspar (reduced by 17 per cent) and platinum group diversifying the supply base, improving resource efficiency
metals (reduced by approximately 18 per cent). The decline in (which includes, but is not limited to, recycling), and
platinum group metals production was due to a reduction in developing alternatives for the most constrained elements both
output from South Africa, whilst China reduced production of in terms of substituting materials and other technologies.
antimony and fluorspar.
During the past year, the BGS has been involved with a range
Conversely, the production of many other mineral of raw materials-related research, including the conclusion of
commodities increased in 2014 compared to 2013. For the European Intelligence Network on the Supply of Raw
example the worlds output of smelter copper increased by Materials project (Minerals4EU); the deliverables from which
22 per cent, mined bismuth by 21 per cent and mercury by just included a new digital European Minerals Yearbook
under 21 per cent. The increased bismuth production was accessible at: www.minerals4eu.brgm-rec.fr/m4eu-
primarily due to a new mine opening in Vietnam, while the yearbook/theme_selection.html. This new and innovative
other two are due to significant increases in output from compilation combines, for the first time statistical data relating
China, equating to a 54 per increase in smelter copper and a to resources, reserves, exploration and waste flows, as well as
25 per cent increase in the production of mercury. production and trade of primary minerals. In addition, BGS
involvement continues in the European rare earth element
Mercury and smelter copper also feature prominently when project (EURARE; www.eurare.eu) and Blue Mining
examining the production trends over the five year period (www.bluemining.eu), which is focussed on sustainable deep
covered by this volume. Global output of mercury has sea mining. New raw materials-related research involving
increased by 38 per cent between 2010 and 2014, while BGS includes the Mineral Intelligence Capacity Analysis
smelter copper increased by nearly 32 per cent over the same (MICA) project and the next update of the European
period. Other notable production increases over the five year Commissions list of critical raw materials.
period included phosphate rock and tungsten (a 35 per cent
increase each), refined nickel (nearly a 33 per cent increase) As always, I would welcome any comments and suggestions
and potash (a 30 per cent increase). Aside from China, other that you have relating to this volume which might help us to
countries that have contributed significantly to these increases meet your ongoing needs.
in global production are Brazil and Madagascar (smelter
John N Ludden
Executive Director
British Geological Survey

Keyworth
Nottingham
February 2016
iii
CONTENTS EXPLANATORY NOTES
Commodity Index Coverage
Alumina 3 Manganese 47 World Mineral Production covers the majority of

Aluminium 4 Mercury 48 economically important mineral commodities. For each
Antimony 5 Mica 49 commodity constant efforts are made to ensure that as many
Arsenic 5 Molybdenum 50 producing countries as possible are reported. For some
Asbestos 6 Natural gas 56 commodities, where statistics on production are not publicly
Barytes 7 Natural sodium carbonate 67 available, estimates are made. Users of this compilation are
Bauxite 2 Nepheline syenite 50 advised that more statistical information than can be included
Bentonite 8 Nickel 51 in a publication of this nature is held in the British Geological
Beryl 10 Niobium 73 Survey files and is available for consultation. Historical data
Bismuth 10 Perlite 53 (from 1913 for many commodities) can be obtained from the
Borates 11 Petroleum 54 predecessors to this series entitled World Mineral Statistics
Bromine 11 Phosphates 58 and the Statistical Summary of the Mineral Industry. Copies of
Cadmium 12 Platinum 59 these publications are available in the World Archive section
Chromium 13 Potash 60 of the website: www.mineralsUK.com.
Coal 14 Pyrites 68
Cobalt 17 Rare earths 61 Arrangement of countries
Copper 19 Rhenium 61
Diamond 22 Salt 62 Countries are ordered alphabetically in geographical
Diatomite 23 Selenium 64 groupings as follows:
Feldspar 24 Silicon 37
Ferro alloys 37 Sillimanite 65 Europe
Fluorspar 25 Silver 66 Africa
Fullers earth 8 Strontium 67 North and Central America, including the Caribbean
Gallium 26 Sulphur 68 South America
Germanium 26 Talc 71 Asia
Gold 27 Tantalum 73 Australasia, including the Pacific Islands
Graphite 29 Tellurium 73
Gypsum 30 Tin 74 Metals
Indium 32 Titanium 75
Mine production of many metals is expressed in terms of metal
Iodine 32 Tungsten 76
content. This is clearly indicated at the head of the table,
Iron ore 32 Uranium 77
adjacent to the unit used. For aluminium, cobalt, copper, iron,
Iron and steel 34 Vanadium 77
lead, nickel, tin and zinc, mine production and metal
Kaolin 40 Vermiculite 78
production are shown in separate tables. Unless otherwise
Lead 42 Wollastonite 78
specified, metal production statistics relate to metal recovered
Lithium 44 Zinc 79
from both domestic and imported materials, whether primary
Magnesite 45 Zirconium 81
or secondary, but exclude remelted material wherever
Magnesium 46
possible.
World totals
For certain minerals and metals no world total is shown due to

the non-availability of certain individual country totals.
Exclusion of Warranty
Use by recipients of information provided by the BGS, is at

the recipients' own risk. BGS has taken care to ensure that
information provided is as free from error as is reasonably
practical. In view of the disparate sources of information at
BGS's disposal, including such material donated to BGS, that
BGS accepts in good faith as being accurate, the Natural
Environment Research Council (NERC) gives no warranty,
expressed or implied, as to the quality, accuracy, performance,
and merchantability of the information supplied, or to the
information's suitability for any use whether made known to
BGS or otherwise. NERC/BGS accepts no liability whatever
in respect of loss, damage, injury or other occurrence however
caused.
Acknowledgements
Compilation of this volume of mineral statistics has been

possible only by obtaining information from a very large
number of organisations throughout the world, chiefly home
and overseas government departments and specialist national
or international authorities concerned with particular sectors
of the minerals or metals industries. To all these bodies the
British Geological Survey expresses its grateful
acknowledgement for the information made available, whether
iv
in published form or provided by direct correspondence. Paranapanema, Brazil; Agencia Nacional do Petroleo, Brazil;
Particular acknowledgement is made to the Mines Associao Brasileira do Alumnio, Brazil; Ministerio de
Departments and other government agencies of many Minas y Energia, Brazil; Sindicato da Indstria Carbonfera de
countries whose regular statements, yearbooks and other Santa Catarina, Brazil; Ministry of Energy, Bulgaria; Chamber
reports are worthy of direct consultations by readers in search of Mines, Burkina Faso; Natural Resources Canada; Statistics
of detail. Canada; Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers;
Mineral Resources of Quebec, Canada; Canadian Clay
Specialist commodity organisations which have kindly
Products; Chilean Copper Commission; National Service for
allowed information to be reproduced include the International
Copper Study Group, the International Lead and Zinc Study Geology and Mining, Chile; China Mining Association;
Group, the International Nickel Study Group, the Barytes National Bureau of Statistics, China; Ministerio De Minas Y
Association and the International Fertilizer Industry Energia, Columbia; Oficina Nacional de Estadisticas, Cuba;
Association Ltd. In a few instances, information on specific Czech Republic Statistical Office; Statistics Denmark; Danish
commodities has been obtained directly from company Energy Agency, Denmark; Agencia de Regulation y Control
sources. The co-operation of other members of the Minero, Ecuador; Ministerio de Recursos Naturales No
International Consultative Group on Non-Ferrous Metal Renovables, Ecuador; Fiji Bureau of Statistics; Geological
Statistics is also gratefully acknowledged. Survey of Finland; Federation des Minerais, Mineraux
Industrielles et Metaux non Ferreux, France; Comite
Supplementary information is also obtained from publications Professionel de Petrole, France; Unicem, France; Infociments,
dealing with a wider range of commodities such as Socit de France; Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland, Germany; RW
l'Industrie Minrale, Annuaire Statistique Mondial des Silicium, Germany; BEB Erdgas und Erdol, Germany;
Minerais et Mtaux; World Bureau of Metal Statistics, World Verband der Kali, Germany; National Statistical Service of
Metal Statistics and, Metallstatistik; publications of the
Greece; National Bank of Guyana; Ministerio de Energia y
Interstate Statistical Committee of the CIS, the United States
Minas, Guatemala; Federacciai, Italy; Unione Petrolifera,
Geological Survey, and UN agencies.
Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Statistica, Italy; Salt Industry
In addition, information has been obtained from the websites Centre, Japan; Metal Economics Research Institute, Japan;
of the following organisations, companies, statistical offices Statistics Agency of Kazkhstan; Korea Institute of Geoscience
and government departments: United Nations; BP Plc; and Mineral Resources, Republic of Korea; State Agency of
Eurofer; Eurostat; Instituto Latinoamericano del Fierro y el Geology and Mineral Resources, Kyrgyz Republic,
Acero; International Iron and Steel Institute; Kaolin & Plastic Kyrgyzstan; Statec, Luxembourg; Bank Negara, Malaysia;
Clays Europe; Kimberley Process; World Nuclear Minerals & Geoscience department Malaysia; Pemex, Mexico;
Association; African Development Bank; Agnico Eagle Cmara Nacional de la Industria del Hierro y del Acero,
Mines; Altona Mining; Aluminium de Greece; Amara Mining Mexico; Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia,
plc; Altyntau; Anglo American; AngloGold Ashanti; ARMZ; Mexico; Servicio Geologico de Mexico; Penoles, Mexico;
Aura Minerals Inc; Avocet Mining plc; Belvedere Resources; Mineral Autlan, Mexico; Grupo Mexico; Mineral Resources &
BHP Biliton; Breakwater Resources; Centamin; Centerra Petroleum Authority of Mongolia; Statistics Office of
Gold; Consolidated Murchison; CNW Group; CZP; Dominion Montenegro; Bank al Maghrib, Morocco; Ministry of Mines,
Salt; Dragon Mining; Dundee Precious Metals; Eagle Morocco; Ministry of Mines and Energy, Namibia; Bank of
Graphite; ElektroZinc; Endeavour Mining; Endomines; Namibia; RONphos Corporation, Nauru; Centraal Bureau
ENRC; Eramet; Exxaro; Eurozinc Mining Corporation; Evraz; voor de Statistiek, Netherlands; Staatstoezicht op de Mijnen,
Falconbridge Limited; First Quantum; Glamis Gold; Glencairn Netherlands; Netherlands Oil and Gas Portal; Ministry of
Gold; Glencore Xstrata; GoldBridges; Goldcorp Inc; Iamgold Economic Development, New Zealand; Central Bank,
Corporation; Inmet Mining; IRC Group; Kazzinc; Kazakhmys; Nicaragua; Ministry of Energy and Mines, Nicaragua;
Lappland Goldminers; Lundin Mining; MMG; Nevsun; New National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria; Statistisk Sentralbyra,
Boliden; Nickel Asia; Nordgold; Norilsk Nickel; Norsk Norway; Geological Survey of Norway; Norwegian Petroleum
Hydro; Nyrstar; Orosur Mining Inc; Outokumpu; Paladin Directorate; Central Bank of Oman; Ministry of National
Energy Ltd; PanAust Mining; Phosagro; Phosphate Resources Economy, Oman; Direccion de Estadistica y Censo, Panama;
Ltd; Polymetal Internationa; Qatalum; Qatar Steel Company; Chamber of Mines and Petroleum, Papua New Guinea;
RandGold Resources; Resolute Mining; Rich Metal Group; PeruPetro; Ministerio de Energia y Minas, Peru; Sociedad
Rio Narcea; Rio Tinto; Ronphos Corporation; RNC Gold; Nacional de Mineria Petroleo y Energia, Peru; Mines and
Rusal; Semafo; Sherritt Internationa; SMR; SMZ company; Geosciences Bureau, Philippines; Instituto Nacional de
Stillwater Mining; Sun-gold; Talvivaara; UMMC; Uralkali; Estatistica, Portugal; Ministry of Agriculture, Portugal; Centre
Vitmetco; Weatherly International Plc; Aluar Aluminio National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques,
Argentino, Argentina; Alumbrera, Argentina; Institute of Republic of Congo; Johnson Matthey, Russia; National Bank
Argentinean Petroleum and Gas, Argentina; Institute of of Rwanda; Agence Nationale de la Statistique et de la
Argentinean Steel, Argentina; Acero Argentinos; Northern Dmographie, Senegal; Statistical Office of the Republic of
Territory Government, Australia; Department of Primary Serbia; Central Bank of Sierra Leone; Statistical Office of the
Industries Victoria, Australia; Mineral Resources Tasmania, Republic of Slovenia; Central Bank of Solomon Islands;
Australia; Bureau of Resources and Energy Economics, Unesid, Spain; Staatsolie Maatschappij, Suriname; Sveriges
Australia; Vereinigung der Osterreichishen Zementindustrie, Geologiska Undersokning, Sweden; Jernkontoret, Sweden;
Austria; Department of Statistics of the Bahamas; Energy Statistiska Centralbyran, Sweden; Bureau of Mines, Taiwan;
Bangla, Bangladesh; Petrobangla, Bangladesh; Central Bank National Statistics, Taiwan; Bank of Thailand; Central Bank
of Barbados; Federation de l'Industrie Cimentiere Belge, of Trinidad and Tobago; Department of Business, Innovation
Belgium; Belgian Steel Federation; Statistics Belgium; and Skills, United Kingdom; Department of Energy and
Instituto Nacional de Estatistica Boliva; Cmara Boliviana de Climate Change, United Kingdom; Office for National
Hidrocarburos, Bolivia; Ministry of Mining and Metallurgy, Statistics, United Kingdom; Energy Information
Bolivia; Republika Srpska Institute of Statistics, Bosnia & Administration, United States of America; Direccion Nacional
Herzegovina; Agency for Statistics; Bosnia & Herzegovina; de Minera y Geologa, Uruguay; General Statistics Office,
Departamento Nacional De Producao Mineral, Brazil; Grupo Vietnam.
v
Units Symbols
The Statistics shown in this volume are expressed in metric ... figures not available
units. The following factors are given for converting to non- 0 quantity less than half unit shown
metric units: nil
* estimated
tonnes 0.9842 = long tons BGS British Geological Survey
tonnes 1.1023 = short tons
kilograms 2.2046 = pounds
kilograms 32.1507 = troy ounces
cubic metres 35.3147 = cubic feet
1 tonne of crude petroleum equals on average 7 barrels of
crude petroleum.
1 flask mercury = 34.5 kilograms
vi

STATISTICALINFORMATION

Production of bauxite tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Bosnia & Herzegovina 827 909 707 712 800 316 657 115 605 215
Croatia 2 300 4 800 5 690 8 220 * 8 000
France 93 100 80 800 90 000 100 000 71 000
Greece 1 902 000 2 324 000 1 816 000 1 844 000 1 876 000
Hungary 307 000 277 800 255 000 93 700 14 000
Montenegro 61 205 158 614 61 154 155 153
Russia 5 035 000 5 380 000 5 166 000 5 322 000 5 589 000
Turkey 1 311 064 1 024 915 1 521 150 795 562 * 800 000
Ghana 512 208 400 069 752 771 826 994 940 389
Guinea 16 427 300 17 593 100 17 326 140 18 330 620 18 742 730
Mozambique 8 556 10 352 8 633 6 190 2 910
Sierra Leone 1 089 131 1 457 507 776 000 616 000 1 161 000
Tanzania 39 326 29 520 28 434 39 977 25 641
Dominican Republic 8 888 10 522 769 530 1 446 311

Jamaica 8 539 853 10 188 916 9 339 291 9 435 214 9 676 697
Mexico 21 250 14 400 96 000
USA (a) 59 143 63 121 128 152 * 128 000 * 128 000
Brazil (b) 32 028 000 33 624 600 34 987 800 33 848 700 35 409 900
Guyana 1 082 512 1 818 399 2 213 972 1 713 242 1 563 563
Suriname 3 096 650 3 236 111 2 904 509 2 670 683 2 707 720
Venezuela 3 126 242 2 454 769 2 285 949 2 341 155 2 315 787
China 36 837 200 37 173 800 44 052 300 50 339 400 * 65 000 000
India (c) 12 722 820 13 599 566 16 611 610 21 666 011 20 201 310
Indonesia 27 410 375 40 643 852 31 443 325 57 023 774 2 556 429
Iran (d) 681 235 818 224 898 437 899 316 * 900 000
Iraq 3 350
Kazakhstan 5 310 000 5 495 000 5 170 000 5 192 800 4 515 600
Malaysia 124 274 188 141 121 873 208 770 962 799
Pakistan (e) 11 131 9 033 28 768 25 305 33 403
Saudi Arabia 235 811 206 299 760 114 1 044 360 1 964 514
Vietnam * 80 000 * 100 000 * 100 000 482 000 1 090 000
Australia 68 584 000 70 231 216 76 281 245 81 119 334 78 632 393
Fiji 349 556 564 777 489 476
World total 228 000 000 249 000 000 256 000 000 298 000 000 260 000 000
Notes
(1) This table includes production of refractory bauxite
(a) Data for Alabama only

(b) Including beneficiated and direct shipping ore
(c) Years ended 31 March following that stated
(d) Years ended 20 March following that stated
(e) Years ended 30 June of that stated
Production of alumina tonnes (Al2O3 content)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Azerbaijan 6 188 101 780

France 481 000 470 000 430 000 430 000 * 400 000
Germany * 1 000 000 * 1 000 000 * 1 000 000 * 1 000 000 * 1 000 000
Greece 661 882 683 030 653 011 664 510 674 000
Hungary * 139 000 * 132 000 * 111 000 * 81 000 * 1 000
Ireland, Republic of 1 211 600 1 249 300 1 250 600 1 264 689 1 270 784
Romania 414 000 484 000 414 000 391 000 363 000
Russia 2 857 000 2 825 000 2 719 000 2 659 000 2 572 000
Spain * 1 300 000 * 1 300 000 * 1 100 000 * 1 400 000 * 1 400 000
Turkey * 160 000 * 210 000 * 220 000 * 186 000 * 190 000
Ukraine 1 534 000 1 601 000 1 429 000 1 493 000 1 455 000
Guinea 597 000 574 000 150 000
Canada 1 416 594 1 473 271 1 498 600 1 554 604 1 562 559
Jamaica 1 590 658 1 959 926 1 757 693 1 854 910 1 850 960
USA 3 468 000 3 792 000 4 372 000 4 388 000 4 393 000
Brazil 9 523 900 10 306 800 10 320 600 9 942 100 10 439 200
Suriname 1 486 449 1 421 464 1 202 806 1 149 392 1 149 388
Venezuela 1 244 000 1 265 530 808 043 579 874 660 195
China 29 064 900 34 077 600 37 696 300 43 378 700 50 737 000
India (a) 3 576 890 3 930 950 3 609 815 * 3 700 000 * 4 000 000
Iran (b) 236 476 233 000 228 000 248 000 383 000
Japan * 550 000 * 500 000 * 350 000 * 250 000 * 120 000
Kazakhstan 1 640 000 1 670 000 1 510 000 1 590 000 1 419 000
Vietnam 214 000 485 000
Australia 19 806 000 18 726 564 20 914 745 21 528 263 20 475 608
World total 84 200 000 90 200 000 94 000 000 100 100 000 107 200 000
Notes
(1) Where possible figures in this table show the alumina equivalent (Al2O3) of total hydrate produced, whether or not calcined
(2) The figures in this table represent alumina produced from bauxite. Alumina-rich materials can also be derived from salt slags formed
during the production of secondary aluminium
(a) Years ended 31 March following that stated

(b) Years ended 20 March following that stated
Production of primary aluminium tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Azerbaijan 379 6 817 54 890 53 290 50 357

Croatia 666 600
France 356 000 334 000 349 000 343 000 415 000
Germany 402 480 432 472 410 413 492 368 530 700
Greece 137 000 165 150 165 050 169 480 173 260
Iceland 825 803 780 853 802 827 736 429 748 949
Italy 129 500 141 900 99 600
Montenegro 82 043 92 838 74 813 47 951 42 767
Netherlands 217 000 * 200 000 86 300 81 000 800
Norway 1 090 000 1 201 000 1 110 900 1 154 900 1 250 000
Romania 241 000 261 000 249 000 250 000 263 000
Russia 3 947 000 3 992 000 4 024 000 3 724 000 3 488 000
Slovakia 163 000 162 840 160 662 163 000 168 000
Slovenia 40 177 75 300 83 300 84 035 * 84 000
Spain 456 500 408 400 386 395 * 250 000 * 230 000
Sweden 93 000 111 000 129 000 131 000 113 000
Turkey 54 100 56 400 43 700 32 200 30 400
Ukraine 25 000 7 000
United Kingdom 186 000 213 000 60 000 45 000 41 000
Cameroon 76 000 69 000 52 000 75 000 93 000

Egypt (a) 352 818 353 904 393 696 318 459 307 000
Ghana 35 000 38 000 36 600 38 100
Mozambique 551 000 562 000 562 000 562 000 568 000
Nigeria 18 000 15 000 22 000 2 000
South Africa 807 000 810 000 665 000 822 000 745 000
Canada 2 963 210 2 987 964 2 780 556 2 967 364 2 858 238
USA 1 725 700 1 986 000 2 070 300 1 946 000 1 710 400
Argentina 416 509 420 299 412 692 434 758 442 719
Brazil 1 536 200 1 440 400 1 436 400 1 304 100 962 000
Venezuela 353 658 330 000 203 000 171 717 138 334
Bahrain 850 700 881 310 890 200 912 700 931 427
China 16 244 100 18 134 700 20 251 000 23 155 400 27 517 400
India (b) 1 621 033 1 654 156 1 720 427 1 516 165 1 597 580
Indonesia 253 300 246 300 253 000 255 300 264 500
Iran (c) 282 000 329 000 337 000 350 000 286 500
Japan 4 700 4 700 4 500 3 000 500
Kazakhstan 227 000 249 000 249 000 250 159 207 849
Malaysia 60 000 188 100 121 900 * 290 000 440 000
Oman 367 000 373 000 360 000 354 000 364 000
Qatar 125 177 468 789 627 971 634 351 612 000
Saudi Arabia 187 000 665 000
Tajikistan 348 845 278 364 272 506 216 369 121 000
United Arab Emirates 1 400 000 1 750 000 1 814 000 1 845 000 2 296 000
Australia 1 928 000 1 944 858 1 864 184 1 777 408 1 704 286
New Zealand 344 000 357 000 325 000 324 000 327 000
World total 41 500 000 44 700 000 46 200 000 48 600 000 53 000 000
Notes
(1) The figures in this table are for primary aluminium only. Aluminium can also be produced from secondary sources and may be
recovered from salt slags
(a) Years ended 30 June of that stated

Mine production of antimony tonnes (metal content)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Russia 6 039 6 348 * 6 400 * 6 520 * 6 500

Turkey 1 403 2 340 7 119 4 512 * 4 500
Morocco 1 696 1 570 710 * 1 000 * 1 000

South Africa 2 257 2 391 3 044 2 332 816
Canada 100 100 100 177 5

Guatemala 62 159
Mexico 98 105 169 294 271
Bolivia 4 980 3 947 5 081 5 053 4 186
Burma * 4 700 * 5 600 * 5 900 * 7 400 * 3 300

China 129 831 123 900 135 600 152 100 * 120 000
Kazakhstan 840 800 600 900 800
Kyrgyzstan 842 892 924 900 2 450
Laos 265 728 521 804 620
Pakistan (a) 25 12 89 127
Tajikistan 8 500 6 642 6 645 7 307 6 500
Thailand 705 442 672 488 706
Vietnam 243 286 480 990 1 074
Australia (a) 707 1 751 1 950 3 277 3 828
World total 163 000 158 000 176 000 194 000 157 000
Notes
(1) This table includes antimony content of antimonial lead alloys
(2) In addition to the countries listed, antimony may be produced in Honduras but available information is insufficient to make a reliable
estimate.
Production of white arsenic tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Belgium * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 000

Portugal * 15 * 15 * 15 * *
Russia * 1 500 * 1 500 * 1 500 * 1 500 * 1 500
Morocco 13 731 8 154 8 820 8 968 * 8 800
Bolivia 155 99 104 120 52
China * 25 000 * 25 000 * 26 000 * 25 000 * 25 000

Japan * 40 * 45 * 45 * 45 * 45
Notes
(1) This table includes calculated trioxide equivalent of arsenic metal produced except where this would involve double counting
Production of asbestos tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Russia * 1 000 000 * 1 000 000 * 1 000 000 * 1 000 000 * 1 050 000
Zimbabwe
Chrysotile 2 031 30 377 * 380
Canada
Chrysotile * 100 000 * 50 000 * * *
Argentina 341 105 102 * 100 * 100

Brazil 302 257 306 320 304 568 290 825 311 230
China * 400 000 * 440 000 * 420 000 * 420 000 * 400 000
India
Amphibole (a) 268 276 389 227 * 200
Kazakhstan 214 100 223 200 241 000 243 300 213 100
World total 2 000 000 2 000 000 2 000 000 2 000 000 2 000 000
Notes
(1) In addition to the countries listed, asbestos may also be produced in Afghanistan, North Korea, Romania and Slovakia.
Production of barytes tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Bosnia & Herzegovina 57 13 28

Bulgaria 500 200 1 000 20 000
Georgia 500
Germany 55 887 55 342 52 030 45 446 70 665
Italy * 3 500 * 3 500 * 3 500 * 3 500 * 3 500
Portugal 15
Russia * 64 000 * 64 000 * 64 000 * 64 000 * 45 000
Slovakia 17 000 13 000 21 000 24 000 21 000
Spain 2 050
Turkey 172 618 250 786 * 250 000 * 250 000 * 340 000
United Kingdom 34 099 31 000 30 000 * 30 000 * 44 000
Algeria 42 254 36 500 36 000 30 250 56 829

Egypt 3 600 * 4 000 * 4 000 3 821 * 4 000
Morocco 572 429 769 504 1 021 400 1 094 500 1 006 600
Nigeria 10 749 * 11 000 * 11 000 * 11 000 * 11 000
Tunisia 5 700 * 5 700 * 5 700 * 5 700
Zimbabwe 300 200
Canada 22 000 22 000 22 000 25 000 25 000

Guatemala 11 334 91 343 43
Mexico 143 225 134 727 139 997 119 402 130 914
USA (a) 662 000 710 000 666 000 * 700 000 * 720 000
Argentina 2 858 5 053 * 4 200 * 4 200 * 4 200

Bolivia 7 845 21 297 20 400 30 476 26 240
Brazil (b) 41 385 7 039 3 025 * *
Colombia * 2 000 * 2 000 * 2 000 2 039 * 2 000
Peru 52 275 86 790 79 451 52 491 106 071
Afghanistan * 1 000 500 300 400 500

Burma (c) 14 119 32 183 21 539 31 295 23 060
China 3 900 000 4 300 000 4 400 000 3 500 000 4 100 000
India (c) 2 338 806 1 776 980 1 789 431 1 136 814 1 438 670
Iran (d) 326 275 271 454 314 769 435 798 * 440 000
Kazakhstan 358 000 466 000 590 000 530 200 200 000
Laos 17 500 12 400 23 000 27 000 46 000
Malaysia 1 000 500
Pakistan (e) 57 166 31 836 48 510 118 471 132 433
Saudi Arabia 30 000 30 000 32 000 30 000 32 000
Thailand 33 465 67 703 64 499 107 437 134 961
Vietnam 90 000 90 000 90 000 90 000 100 000
Australia 16 529 10 569 10 273 13 176 14 676
World total 9 100 000 9 300 000 9 800 000 8 500 000 9 300 000
Notes
(1) This table may include small quantities of witherite
(a) Sold or used by producers

(b) Including beneficiated and directly shipped material
(e) Years ended 30 June of that stated
Production of bentonite and fuller's earth tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Armenia
Bentonite 1 397 835 4 987 15 387 798
Azerbaijan
Bentonite 18 100 20 679 36 700 91 958 76 512
Bosnia & Herzegovina
Bentonite (a) 314 18 808 80 952
Bulgaria
Bentonite 99 700 53 900 77 900 *
Cyprus
Bentonite 162 969 160 625 160 180 158 386 140 174
Czech Republic
Bentonite 183 000 160 000 221 000 226 000 301 000
Denmark
Bentonite 23 832 38 300 30 330 56 355 66 388
France
Bentonite 25 000 20 000 28 000 25 000 20 000
Germany
Bentonite 362 623 375 332 366 220 358 844 394 657
Greece
Bentonite 844 804 1 250 000 1 235 110 1 200 000 1 000 000
Hungary
Bentonite 17 200 22 931 1 392 7 397 * 10 500
Italy
Bentonite 104 279 112 811 95 757 20 129 20 658
Macedonia
Bentonite 7 084 8 918 2 355 18 520 11 691
Poland
Bentonite 2 000 910 780 1 050 650
Romania
Bentonite 21 637 19 864 19 241 24 127 18 583
Russia
Bentonite * 460 000 * 460 000 * 460 000 * 460 000 * 460 000
Slovakia
Bentonite 153 000 213 000 177 000 184 000 205 000
Slovenia
Bentonite 135 168 98 143 199
Spain
Bentonite 157 001 110 371 96 605 102 726 * 100 000
Attapulgite 27 841 26 021 23 537 26 764 * 26 800
Sepiolite 557 862 566 270 622 372 599 352 555 581
Turkey
Bentonite 718 260 471 528 1 033 568 622 872 * 620 000
Sepiolite * 10 000 * 10 000 * 10 000 * 10 000 * 10 000
Ukraine
Bentonite 185 000 211 000 219 000 * 219 000 * 219 000
Algeria
Bentonite 34 126 29 000 26 000 27 670 31 510
Egypt
Bentonite (b) 33 132 17 709 4 594 2 523 * 2 000
Kenya
Bentonite 65 70 75 80 * 80
Malawi
Bentonite 2 100 2 450
Morocco
Bentonite 110 703 97 071 91 200 105 240 98 757
Fuller's earth (c) 82 570 103 682 81 800 59 000 * 60 000
Mozambique
Bentonite 459 493 1 459 * 1 500 * 1 500
Senegal
Attapulgite 204 300 179 900 180 500 234 600 191 400
South Africa
Bentonite 82 341 120 417 120 566 177 187 169 591
Attapulgite 57 606 14 448 15 850 21 233 18 376
Production of bentonite and fuller's earth tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Canada
Bentonite (d) 4 542 2 266 2 015 3 451 2 083
Cuba
Bentonite 228 1 244 668 335 700
Guatemala
Bentonite 22 423 12 270 16 183 18 377 38 368
Mexico
Bentonite 590 998 563 795 956 224 617 632 * 620 000
Fuller's earth 170 350 107 436 227 496 301 462 * 300 000
USA
Bentonite (e) 4 630 000 4 950 000 4 980 000 4 350 000 * 4 660 000
Fuller's earth (e) 2 050 000 1 950 000 1 980 000 1 990 000 * 2 070 000
Argentina
Bentonite 229 301 236 125 193 795 * 200 000 * 200 000
Brazil
Bentonite 531 693 566 267 512 975 434 000 * 400 000
Chile
Bentonite 1 255 893 358 1 083
Colombia
Bentonite * 8 500 * 8 500 * 8 500 9 056 * 9 000
Ecuador
Bentonite 510 * * *
Peru
Bentonite 44 266 27 534 22 977 47 743 37 375
Uruguay
Bentonite 430 1 210 5 530 8 974 7 800
China
Bentonite * 3 400 000 * 3 500 000 * 3 500 000 * 3 500 000 * 3 500 000
India
Bentonite (f) * 761 000 * 1 157 000 * 1 240 000 * 1 567 000 * 1 372 000
Fuller's earth (f) * 5 700 * 5 600 * 5 600 * 5 600 * 5 600
Indonesia
Bentonite * 6 500 * 6 500 * 7 000 * 6 000 * 6 000
Iran
Bentonite (g) 350 208 377 398 430 231 502 155 * 500 000
Iraq
Bentonite 6 127 6 452 6 530 6 288 * 6 300
Japan
Bentonite * 430 000 * 425 000 * 420 000 * 400 000 * 400 000
Fuller's earth * 110 000 * 110 000 * 110 000 * 110 000 * 110 000
Korea (Rep. of)
Bentonite 88 255 94 987 88 543 80 188 71 850
Fuller's earth 83 476 46 623 57 787 51 309 54 001
Pakistan
Bentonite (b) 34 596 30 840 16 520 26 077 40 650
Fuller's earth (b) 6 440 6 774 9 942 11 715 10 862
Philippines
Bentonite 1 475 2 087 2 699 3 329 3 369
Thailand
Bentonite 130 55 220 81 000 150 000 * 150 000
Uzbekistan
Bentonite * 40 000 * 40 000 * 40 000 * 40 000 * 40 000
Vietnam
Bentonite * 20 000 * 20 000 * 20 000 * 20 000 * 20 000
Australia
Bentonite (b) * 126 600 * 72 000 * 82 100 * 105 900 * 66 300
Fuller's earth * 10 000 * 8 000 * 10 000 10 543 10 176
New Zealand
Bentonite 1 216 2 263 762 * 750
World total bentonite 15 100 000 16 100 000 17 100 000 16 200 000 16 200 000
World total fullers earth (a) 3 400 000 3 100 000 3 300 000 3 400 000 3 400 000
See notes on following page

9
Production of bentonite and fuller's earth

Notes
(1) Bentonites consist of montmorillonite (one of the smectite group of clay minerals) and occur in two main varieties, calcium bentonite,
the most commonly occurring, and sodium bentonite, industrially the more important
(2) Calcium bentonite can be converted to sodium bentonite by a sodium-exchange process
(3) In some countries, such as the United Kingdom, calcium bentonite is known as fuller's earth, a term which is also used to refer to
attapulgite, a mineralogically distinct clay mineral but exhibiting similar properties
(4) In addition to the countries listed, Algeria, France and Iran may produce fuller's earth
(a) Including attapulgite and sepiolite

(b) Years ended 30 June of that stated
(c) Smectite
(d) Sales
(e) Sold or used by producers
(f) Years ended 31 March following that stated
(g) Years ended 20 March following that stated
Production of beryl tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Madagascar (a) * 12 * 12 * 16 * 16 * 16
Mozambique 57 58 58 * 60 * 60
Zambia *3 *1 *2 *2 *2
USA (b) 4 460 5 920 5 570 5 910 * 5 900
China * 550 * 550 * 550 * 550 * 550
Notes
(a) Includes ornamental and industrial products
(b) Includes bertrandite ore, calculated as equivalent to beryl containing 11% beryllium oxide
Mine production of bismuth tonnes (metal content)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Armenia 3 3 4 4 4
Bulgaria *3 *3 *3 *3 *3
Russia * 50 * 45 * 45 * 45 * 45
Canada 92 92 121 35 3
Mexico 982 935 800 824 948
Bolivia 87 41 10 11
China 1 589 1 544 2 494 1 393 * 1 400
Japan (a) 448 476 446 485 582
Vietnam * 400
World total 3 300 3 100 3 900 2 800 3 400
Notes
(1) The figures in this table are in some instances derived from reported bismuth content of refined and impure metal plus recoverable in
ores and concentrates exported
(2) Production for some countries may include bismuth produced from imported ores but it is thought that any resulting duplication is
insignificant in the countries shown
(a) Metal production
10
Production of borates tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Russia * 400 000 * 400 000 * 400 000 * 250 000 * 300 000
Turkey 2 504 249 2 729 849 1 814 725 1 748 231 * 1 750 000
USA (a) * 1 200 000 * 1 250 000 * 1 300 000 * 1 300 000 * 1 300 000
Argentina 622 968 648 806 * 660 000 * 670 000 * 740 000
Bolivia 109 922 138 767 142 532 157 338 151 799
Chile 503 609 491 421 449 572 582 074 591 519
Peru 292 855 104 072 224 454 239 725
China * 200 000 * 200 000 * 200 000 * 320 000 * 330 000
Iran (b) * 500 1 044 2 500 2 330 * 2 300
Kazakhstan * 30 000 * 30 000 * 30 000 * 30 000 * 30 000
Notes
Production of bromine kilograms
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Azerbaijan * 3 500 000 * 3 500 000 * 3 500 000 * 3 500 000 * 3 500 000
Germany 1 500 000 1 600 000 1 600 000 1 500 000 1 500 000
Ukraine * 4 100 000 * 4 100 000 * 4 100 000 * 4 100 000 * 3 500 000
USA (a) * 230 000 000 * 225 000 000 * 225 000 000 * 225 000 000 * 225 000 000
China * 150 000 000 * 150 000 000 * 100 000 000 * 110 000 000 * 110 000 000
India (b) 1 587 000 1 572 160 1 773 010 2 131 260 2 196 270
Israel 184 696 000 202 313 000 173 940 000 172 341 000 173 796 000
Japan * 25 000 000 * 25 000 000 * 30 000 000 * 30 000 000 * 30 000 000
Jordan * 50 000 000 * 50 000 000 * 60 000 000 * 80 000 000 * 100 000 000
World total 650 000 000 663 000 000 600 000 000 629 000 000 649 000 000
Notes
(a) Elemental bromine sold as such or used in the preparation of bromine compounds by primary producers
11
Production of cadmium tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Armenia 3 43 41 43
Bulgaria 389 427 363 * 360 * 360
Germany * 400 * 400 * 400 * 400 * 400
Netherlands * 560 * 570 * 560 * 610 * 620
Norway 300 309 * 310 * 310 * 310
Poland 451 526 370 460 628
Russia 1 064 1 100 1 000 900 * 1 000
Turkey 12 * 12
Canada (a) 1 357 1 240 1 286 1 313 1 187

Mexico 1 464 1 485 1 482 1 451 1 409
USA (a) 637 600 * 600 * 600 * 550
Argentina 32 31 * 30 * 30 * 30
Brazil * 200 * 200 * 200 * 200 * 200
Peru 357 572 684 695 769
China 7 363 6 672 7 265 7 496 * 7 600

India (b) 550 449 391 228 * 200
Japan 2 053 1 755 1 856 1 821 1 851
Kazakhstan 1 407 1 278 1 166 1 335 1 633
Korea (Rep. of) 4 166 3 005 3 904 3 904 5 645
Korea, Dem. P.R. of * 200 * 200 * 200 * 200 * 200
Australia * 350 * 390 * 380 * 380 * 380
World total 23 300 21 200 22 500 22 700 25 000
Notes
(1) Data in this table excludes secondary metal unless otherwise stated
(a) Including cadmium sponge and/or secondary metal

12
Production of chromium ores and concentrates tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Albania 334 467 330 938 365 749 529 592 678 803
Finland 598 000 692 527 425 217 981 752 1 034 750
Kosovo 2 860 8 950 12 700
Russia 699 000 662 000 552 000 360 000 * 360 000
Turkey 2 461 314 2 281 981 3 295 398 4 140 655 * 4 100 000
Madagascar (a) 134 500 (a) 66 700 110 000 58 100 53 657
South Africa 10 871 095 10 721 360 11 310 223 13 644 699 14 037 722
Sudan 56 823 64 130 18 300 30 870 * 60 000
Zimbabwe 516 776 599 079 408 476 355 142 408 422
Brazil 520 129 542 512 472 501 485 951 456 096
Afghanistan * 4 500 * 4 500 4 678 5 040 * 4 500

China * 220 000 * 220 000 * 220 000 * 220 000 * 220 000
India (b) 4 325 699 2 923 435 2 833 895 2 852 854 1 681 370
Iran (c)(d) 350 000 417 554 411 566 344 169 * 350 000
Kazakhstan 5 092 000 5 059 000 5 233 000 5 255 000 5 410 700
Oman 865 400 616 700 554 800 787 700 751 200
Pakistan * 540 000 * 450 000 * 500 000 * 490 000 * 350 000
Philippines (c) 14 807 25 483 36 628 26 164 47 056
Vietnam * 58 600 * 24 900 * 1 800 * 24 800 *
Australia 181 200 323 800 452 300 355 200
World total 27 800 000 26 000 000 27 200 000 31 000 000 30 000 000
Notes
(a) Exports
(c) Including foundry sand and/or lumpy ore
13
Production of coal tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Albania
Lignite 3 000 100
Brown coal & lignite 10 976 163 12 738 225 12 311 623 11 764 827 11 673 320
Bulgaria
Lignite 27 148 300 34 496 200 31 040 700 26 459 300 29 129 000
Brown coal 2 321 200 2 743 500 2 556 700 2 301 500 2 200 000
Czech Republic
Bituminous 11 193 000 10 967 000 10 796 000 8 610 000 8 341 000
Brown coal 43 931 000 46 848 000 43 710 000 40 585 000 38 348 000
Georgia 267 664 352 872 424 998 404 187 374 143
Germany
Anthracite & Bituminous 14 110 000 12 960 000 11 558 000 8 260 000 8 340 000
Brown coal 169 402 544 176 502 048 185 432 000 182 995 337 178 177 703
Greece
Lignite 53 600 000 58 400 000 62 334 800 55 000 000 50 411 000
Hungary
Lignite 8 202 859 8 800 783 8 438 000 8 834 000 8 918 000
Brown coal 813 403 699 129 875 944 718 700 636 000
Kosovo
Lignite 7 958 090 8 212 103 8 028 397 8 219 393 7 204 211
Macedonia
Lignite 6 583 074 7 902 084 7 309 546 6 633 560 6 469 819
Montenegro
Lignite 1 937 847 1 972 671 1 706 302 1 692 535 1 655 045
Norway
Bituminous (a) 1 685 000 1 640 000 1 325 000 2 135 000 1 701 000
Poland
Bituminous 76 727 802 76 447 604 79 854 904 68 399 000 65 969 000
Lignite 56 510 125 62 841 269 64 297 772 66 139 000 64 002 000
Romania
Anthracite & Bituminous 2 121 574 1 876 062 1 839 667 1 619 347
Lignite 28 774 244 33 779 130 31 529 377 22 902 291 23 144 539
Brown coal 62 448 46 071 17 700
Russia 317 000 000 334 000 000 354 000 000 347 000 000 356 000 000
Serbia
Bituminous 108 000 134 000 141 000 160 000 121 000
Lignite (b) 37 562 840 40 467 132 37 707 017 39 752 741 29 340 000
Brown coal 193 492 349 861 316 507 340 892 354 000
Slovakia
Lignite 176 000 124 000 136 000 179 000 166 000
Brown coal 2 026 000 1 989 000 1 964 000 2 009 000 1 885 000
Slovenia
Lignite 4 010 930 4 066 278 3 967 064 3 721 188 3 108 203
Brown coal 419 466 435 800 314 262 50 744
Spain
Anthracite 3 266 041 4 032 683 2 514 649 759 930 1 263 585
Bituminous 2 776 918 1 774 992 1 823 343 1 814 328 1 931 807
Sub-bituminous 2 443 677 2 358 372 1 826 680 1 870 569 1 347 849
Turkey
Anthracite 6 312 137 5 619 316 3 358 843 * 3 100 000 * 3 100 000
Bituminous * 3 000 000 3 542 223 3 502 009 2 789 338 * 2 800 000
Lignite 86 943 392 79 968 510 75 036 558 * 75 000 000 * 75 000 000
Ukraine
Bituminous 54 952 000 62 661 000 65 705 000 64 427 000 45 230 000
Lignite * 175 000 * 175 000 * 175 000 * 175 000 * 175 000
United Kingdom
Bituminous (c) 18 347 000 18 552 000 16 967 000 12 767 000 11 648 000
Botswana 988 240 787 729 1 454 724 1 495 653 1 711 555
Congo, Democratic Republic
Bituminous 133 400 143 335 132 449 * 132 000 * 132 000
Egypt (d) 109 884 233 283 * 250 000 293 214 * 300 000
Ethiopia
Lignite * 20 000 * 20 000 * 20 000 * 20 000 * 20 000
Malawi 79 186 83 146 70 552 * 71 000 * 71 000
Mozambique
Bituminous 38 260 648 220 4 900 000 * 5 500 000 * 8 500 000
14
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Niger 246 558 246 016 235 072 241 792 255 936
Nigeria
Sub-bituminous 44 148 38 100 31 750 * 31 000 * 31 000
South Africa
Anthracite 2 073 889 2 553 635 3 005 136 3 621 283 3 516 573
Bituminous 255 131 918 250 203 209 255 570 657 252 660 850 257 881 954
Swaziland
Anthracite 145 903 121 050 152 284 257 090 177 931
Tanzania
Bituminous 179 500 82 856 78 672 84 772 246 128
Zimbabwe
Bituminous 2 668 183 2 562 054 1 593 600 3 114 200 5 782 600
Canada
Bituminous 33 704 000 34 621 000 35 374 000 38 283 000 34 550 000
Sub-bituminous 23 927 000 22 762 000 21 625 000 21 657 000 24 968 000
Lignite 10 264 000 9 731 000 9 496 000 8 969 000 9 500 000
Mexico
Bituminous 16 318 120 20 967 630 16 276 556 15 717 587 16 058 000
USA
Anthracite (e) 1 633 000 2 082 940 2 148 000 * 2 100 000 * 2 100 000
Bituminous (e) 444 074 000 454 054 000 440 321 000 * 440 000 000 * 440 000 000
Sub-bituminous 467 027 000 441 167 731 436 395 960 * 435 000 000 * 435 000 000
Lignite 70 943 000 73 440 875 71 602 574 * 72 000 000 * 72 000 000
Argentina
Bituminous 140 000 178 000 * 160 000 * 150 000 * 150 000
Brazil
Bituminous & lignite (f) 5 611 467 5 985 489 6 440 998 8 009 895 7 696 154
Chile
Bituminous 106 018 131 430 141 120 144 313 * 145 000
Lignite 512 775 522 672 570 594 2 758 131 * 4 000 000
Colombia
Bituminous 74 350 133 85 803 229 89 024 321 85 496 062 88 577 980
Peru
Anthracite & Bituminous 91 960 164 392 226 908 211 885 229 213
Venezuela
Bituminous 2 630 820 2 611 463 1 910 801 1 229 309 687 682
Afghanistan
Bituminous * 12 500 12 600 14 500 16 000 18 000
Bangladesh (d) 730 866 666 635 861 072 854 804 942 796
Bhutan 87 814 148 244 98 731 77 743 121 891
Burma (g) 235 743 355 693 471 022 380 272 386 732
China 3 428 000 000 3 764 000 000 3 945 000 000 3 974 000 000 3 874 000 000
India
Bituminous (g) 532 694 000 539 950 000 556 402 000 563 085 000 541 180 000
Lignite (g) 37 733 000 42 332 000 46 453 000 44 275 000 43 370 000
Indonesia
Anthracite & Bituminous 275 164 196 353 270 937 385 899 100 377 846 727 402 551 854
Iran
Bituminous (h) * 2 500 000 2 499 495 2 819 792 * 2 800 000 * 2 800 000
Kazakhstan
Bituminous 103 646 000 108 081 000 112 780 000 113 349 000 107 669 100
Lignite 7 283 000 8 368 000 7 748 000 6 511 000 6 893 500
Korea (Rep. of)
Anthracite 2 083 972 2 084 474 2 094 000 1 814 000 1 746 000
Korea, Dem. P.R. of * 41 000 000 * 41 000 000 41 492 000 * 42 000 000 * 42 000 000
Kyrgyzstan 575 000 830 700 1 163 900 1 407 900 1 777 400
Laos 501 600 511 700 510 100 * 510 000 * 510 000
Malaysia 2 397 340 2 915 788 2 951 124 2 907 963 2 667 764
Mongolia 25 161 900 32 029 700 28 561 000 29 163 600 * 29 164 000
Nepal
Sub-bituminous (i) 11 799 13 165 10 904 14 084 8 151
Pakistan (j)(d) 3 535 828 3 291 617 3 178 986 2 813 079 3 140 439
Philippines
Bituminous 6 650 357 6 881 474 7 348 647 * 7 349 000 * 7 349 000
15
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Tajikistan 199 700 236 400 412 000 515 600 878 100
Thailand
Lignite 18 399 399 21 324 406 18 652 557 18 110 763 17 991 362
Uzbekistan
Bituminous 197 766 59 874 232 239 * 230 000 * 230 000
Lignite 3 101 665 3 783 867 3 803 825 * 3 800 000 * 3 800 000
Vietnam
Anthracite 44 835 000 46 611 000 42 083 000 41 193 900 41 700 000
Australia
Bituminous (k) 357 000 000 349 624 000 380 734 000 411 313 000 432 261 000
Brown coal (d) 68 751 000 66 733 000 69 124 000 59 854 000 * 60 000 000
New Zealand
Bituminous 2 597 400 2 330 400 2 276 300 2 279 300 1 948 000
Sub-bituminous 2 438 200 2 294 200 2 324 000 2 055 700 1 727 700
Lignite 294 900 320 100 325 900 290 400 316 700
World total 7 443 000 000 7 935 000 000 8 200 000 000 8 190 000 000 8 085 000 000
Notes
(1) There is no international agreement as to the separate definition of lignite and brown coal. In some cases they are distinguished.
Elsewhere both may be aggregated under one or other term
(a) Spitzbergen: not including production from mines controlled by Russia

(b) Excluding production in Kosovo
(c) Including anthracite
(d) Years ended 30 June of that stated
(e) Includes a small amount of refuse recovery
(f) Including beneficiated and directly shipped material
(h) Years ended 20 March following that stated
(i) Years ended 15 July of that shown
(j) Including lignite
(k) Including sub-bituminous
16
Mine production of cobalt tonnes (metal content)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Finland * 140 480 * 1 381 2 061 2 104

Russia (a) 2 460 2 337 2 186 2 368 2 302
Botswana 272 149 195 248 196

Congo, Democratic Republic 97 693 99 475 86 433 76 593 76 475
Madagascar 493 2 083 2 915
Morocco (a) 1 582 1 518 1 314 1 353 1 391
South Africa (a) 1 680 862 1 102 1 294 1 332
Uganda (a) 568 673 556 181
Zambia (a) 5 134 5 956 5 665 5 658 4 317
Zimbabwe 58 174 121 318 359
Canada 4 636 6 836 6 676 7 168 6 574

Cuba 3 706 3 853 3 792 3 319 3 210
Brazil 3 139 3 623 2 900 3 500 * 3 500
China 6 382 6 843 7 498 8 580 8 500

Indonesia * 1 600 * 3 200 * 3 600 * 4 700 329
Philippines * 1 500 * 1 500 2 269 2 126 4 094
Australia (b) 4 838 4 275 5 411 6 855 6 252

New Caledonia 1 735 2 404 2 631 3 080 * 3 000
Papua New Guinea 473 1 224 1 798
World total 137 000 144 000 135 000 133 000 129 000
Notes
(1) There is frequently a considerable disparity between the cobalt content of ore raised and cobalt actually recovered
(2) Figures in this table relate where possible to cobalt recovered. The principal exceptions to this are Brazil and New Caledonia, the
figures for which relate to cobalt in ore raised
(a) Metal
17
Production of cobalt metal tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Belgium (a) 2 600 3 187 4 200 5 415 5 850

Finland 9 429 10 627 10 562 10 798 12 551
France 302 354 326 308 219
Norway 3 208 3 067 2 969 3 348 3 582
Russia 2 460 2 337 2 186 2 368 2 302
Congo, Democratic Republic (b) 4 182 3 083 2 999 3 000 3 300

Madagascar 2 083 2 915
Morocco 1 582 1 518 1 314 1 353 1 391
South Africa (c) 840 862 1 102 1 294 1 332
Uganda 568 673 556 291
Zambia 5 134 5 956 5 665 5 658 4 317
Canada (d) 4 711 6 038 5 994 4 733 3 790
Brazil 1 369 1 614 1 750 1 871 1 350
China (a) 35 929 34 969 29 784 36 062 39 292

India 1 187 1 300 580 295 100
Japan 1 935 2 007 2 542 2 747 3 654
Australia 4 117 4 722 4 769 4 981 5 419
World total 79 600 82 300 77 300 86 600 91 400
Notes
(1) In addition to the production listed above, several countries, including the United Kingdom, Finland and France, are known to produce
substantial amounts of cobalt compounds
(a) Some metal production in China is recorded in Belgium

(b) Excludes white alloy and matte which are believed to be further processed in Belgium and elsewhere
(c) Includes metal and metal contained in sulphate
(d) Including oxides
18
Mine production of copper tonnes (metal content)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Albania 2 672 4 379 5 691 5 087 3 503

Armenia 31 062 33 597 40 908 48 891 50 952
Azerbaijan 183 611 502 327 784
Bulgaria (a) 112 904 114 603 118 255 115 149 108 300
Cyprus 2 595 3 660 4 328 3 631 3 088
Finland 14 700 14 000 25 446 38 763 42 790
Georgia 10 600 10 000 6 800 10 000 6 800
Macedonia 7 912 7 555 9 506 9 802 8 187
Poland 425 725 426 665 427 064 428 879 421 700
Portugal 74 426 79 686 74 043 77 236 75 433
Romania 5 127 6 355 5 902 6 700 7 200
Russia 702 700 713 100 * 720 000 * 720 000 * 720 000
Serbia 22 800 26 100 32 200 36 200 33 739
Slovakia 22 28 31 40 46
Spain 54 335 68 511 97 452 104 600 103 900
Sweden 76 514 82 967 82 422 82 904 79 681
Turkey 79 900 92 500 104 300 120 500 122 000
Botswana 48 026 31 929 35 768 48 500 47 700

Congo, Democratic Republic 378 300 499 198 619 942 922 016 1 065 744
Eritrea 21 800 88 900
Mauritania 36 969 35 281 37 670 37 970 33 079
Morocco 14 986 12 076 17 700 * 13 900 16 579
Namibia 3 366 5 304 4 896 5 249
South Africa 102 600 96 600 88 800 80 821 78 697
Tanzania 6 400 6 748 5 840 5 740 6 363
Zambia 767 008 739 759 699 020 763 805 710 700
Zimbabwe 4 629 6 555 6 665 8 285 8 261
Canada 522 172 566 779 580 082 652 595 695 513
Dominican Republic 10 015 11 777 11 737 10 379 9 262
Mexico 270 136 443 621 500 275 480 124 515 025
USA 1 110 000 1 110 000 1 170 000 1 250 000 1 370 000
Argentina 140 300 116 700 135 700 109 600 102 600
Bolivia 2 100 4 176 8 700 7 549 10 746
Brazil 213 548 213 760 223 141 270 979 239 900
Chile 5 418 900 5 262 800 5 433 900 5 776 000 5 749 600
Colombia 711 808 781 659 3 991
Ecuador 700 1 400 1 800 2 600 3 200
Peru 1 247 184 1 235 345 1 298 761 1 375 641 1 379 626
Burma * 10 000 * 8 000 * 14 000 * 18 000 * 27 000

China 1 155 800 1 271 900 1 551 500 1 681 300 1 635 000
India (b) 31 778 31 375 29 355 33 071 26 686
Indonesia 862 500 538 300 398 100 509 300 377 100
Iran 256 700 258 900 245 500 222 900 216 800
Kazakhstan 380 600 405 300 426 800 454 400 471 700
Korea, Dem. P.R. of * 4 600 * 4 400 * 6 600 * 5 500 * 4 600
Kyrgyzstan 7 000
Laos 132 047 138 756 149 580 154 915 159 696
Mongolia 127 600 124 000 123 900 189 000 252 000
Oman 16 530 21 166 19 684 10 906 13 699
Pakistan * 19 900 * 20 000 * 23 900 * 20 700 * 17 700
Philippines 58 412 63 835 65 444 90 861 91 922
Saudi Arabia 1 603 1 954 2 150 * 3 000 * 9 000
Uzbekistan * 80 000 * 80 000 * 80 000 * 80 000 * 80 000
Vietnam 12 260 11 888 12 716 12 946 * 16 500
Australia 871 000 959 474 920 898 1 000 999 969 540
Papua New Guinea 159 821 130 456 125 348 121 571 75 901
World total 16 100 000 16 200 000 16 800 000 18 300 000 18 400 000
Notes
(a) Metal content of ore
19
Smelter production of copper tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Armenia 7 644 8 876 10 075 10 771 9 814

Bulgaria 247 300 283 800 269 100 294 000 305 000
Finland 120 528 124 360 129 256 135 840 146 542
Germany 378 700 335 000 352 400 295 200 351 100
Norway 36 200 36 000 37 891 37 461 35 813
Poland 469 656 481 875 466 715 458 789 503 111
Russia 647 100 652 200 633 200 650 000 884 400
Serbia 20 000 28 200 36 800 41 300 40 898
Spain 259 119 260 730 270 200 212 000 294 100
Sweden 141 500 161 500 151 100 140 400 150 000
Turkey * 25 000 * 30 600 * 35 500 * 35 800 * 35 100
Namibia 23 141 34 365 27 767 24 354 35 042

South Africa 75 900 82 400 62 300 69 700 58 500
Zambia (a) 535 000 520 000 519 200 520 300 525 800
Canada 318 006 304 724 287 051 254 509 288 699
Mexico 168 861 231 700 260 900 220 800 250 000
USA 601 200 538 400 485 300 516 500 * 522 000
Brazil 208 800 223 500 175 700 257 000 238 900
Chile 1 559 800 1 522 300 1 342 400 1 358 300 1 356 200
Peru 312 968 299 004 290 088 412 966 314 615
China 2 825 600 3 036 700 3 601 400 4 228 900 6 497 000
India 653 900 671 200 695 400 617 000 766 000
Indonesia 262 700 276 200 198 400 217 700 236 900
Iran 188 200 185 200 179 400 154 600 232 500
Japan 1 356 289 1 173 275 1 274 690 1 261 348 1 323 500
Kazakhstan 354 000 350 100 341 700 325 600 283 900
Korea (Rep. of) 475 900 449 200 477 300 478 800 620 000
Korea, Dem. P.R. of * 10 000 * 10 000 * 10 000 * 10 000 * 10 000
Oman 8 815 7 515 721 4 200 * 5 000
Pakistan (b) 18 121 15 672 20 201 15 285 28 923
Philippines 216 200 205 000 97 000 160 000 153 200
Uzbekistan * 90 000 * 90 000 * 90 000 * 90 000 * 100 000
Vietnam * 6 000 * 8 000 * 8 000 * 9 700 * 9 700
Australia 410 000 442 190 422 398 445 520 468 468
World total 13 000 000 13 100 000 13 300 000 14 000 000 17 100 000
Notes
(1) This table shows primary metal in the form of blister and anode produced from concentrates, and may include copper produced from
scrap but this is excluded when it can be separately identified
(a) Including leach cathodes

20
Production of refined copper tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Austria 113 700 112 500 113 600 82 842 83 200

Belgium 381 200 394 200 396 700 389 400 387 300
Bulgaria 216 000 226 100 226 000 230 100 234 000
Cyprus 2 595 3 660 4 328 3 631 3 088
Finland 112 687 124 360 129 256 135 840 146 542
Germany 704 300 708 800 682 132 677 600 676 900
Italy 1 800 7 600 7 700 4 900 7 900
Macedonia 1 100 1 900 1 700
Norway 36 200 36 000 37 891 37 461 35 813
Poland 547 074 571 041 565 834 565 155 576 876
Russia 899 600 912 000 890 900 874 900 894 200
Serbia 22 200 28 400 34 700 35 800 33 175
Spain 347 518 353 790 406 600 351 000 418 500
Sweden 190 497 219 316 214 050 206 193 217 337
Turkey 47 300 74 354 59 673 75 000 71 200
Ukraine 23 400 23 400 24 000 16 500 15 200
Egypt * 4 000 * 4 000 * 4 000 * 4 000 * 4 000
South Africa 81 129 86 166 66 416 75 400 57 700
Zambia 767 000 739 800 700 100 629 200 709 500
Zimbabwe 4 500 4 400 5 000 * 5 000 * 5 000
Canada 319 619 273 761 275 990 321 511 325 352
Mexico 247 300 403 100 376 900 355 100 390 400
USA 1 094 800 1 029 300 1 001 000 1 040 000 1 050 000
Argentina * 16 000 * 16 000 * 16 000 * 16 000 * 14 000

Bolivia 900 1 000 904 1 271 1 809
Brazil 245 297 245 300 210 700 261 000 239 200
Chile 3 243 900 3 092 400 2 902 000 2 754 900 2 729 400
Peru 393 638 367 554 311 197 361 450 347 396
Burma * 7 000 * 4 000 * 8 000 * 10 000 * 18 000

China 4 540 300 5 163 100 5 879 100 6 490 100 7 644 000
India (a) 512 124 504 677 493 519 644 193 765 569
Indonesia 277 500 274 900 197 200 214 300 231 800
Iran 219 800 235 000 213 000 188 000 * 190 000
Japan 1 548 688 1 328 288 1 516 354 1 468 123 1 554 224
Kazakhstan 323 368 338 524 367 161 350 837 294 808
Korea (Rep. of) 564 600 595 447 591 000 604 000 604 000
Korea, Dem. P.R. of * 15 000 * 15 000 * 15 000 * 15 000 * 15 000
Laos 64 241 78 859 86 295 90 030 88 541
Mongolia 2 746 2 389 2 282 2 598 2 132
Oman 8 815 7 515 721 4 200 * 5 000
Philippines 176 000 164 100 98 400 153 000 130 000
Thailand 529 459 486 203
Uzbekistan 82 500 90 000 * 90 000 * 90 000 * 100 000
Vietnam * 6 000 * 8 000 * 8 000 * 9 700 * 9 700
Australia 424 000 476 775 460 390 480 775 508 519
World total 19 100 000 19 700 000 20 100 000 21 000 000 22 600 000
Notes
(1) Figures relate to both primary and secondary refined copper, whether electrolytic or fire refined. Metal recovered from secondary
materials by remelting alone is excluded
(2) In addition to the countries listed, Albania and Colombia produce refined copper
21
Production of diamond Carats
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Russia 34 856 600 35 139 800 34 927 650 37 884 140 38 303 500
Angola 8 362 139 8 328 519 8 330 996 8 601 695 8 791 340
Botswana 22 019 000 22 903 000 20 478 000 22 597 000 24 658 000
Cameroon (a) * 6 000 * 6 000 * 5 000 * 5 000 * 6 000
Central African Republic 301 558 323 576 365 917 (b) ... (b) ...
Congo 381 242 76 548 51 588 56 495 53 163
Congo, Democratic Republic 16 964 000 19 249 057 19 154 000 16 653 000 14 663 000
Ghana 308 679 283 369 215 118 159 074 241 235
Guinea 374 096 235 400 266 800 202 365 164 059
Ivory Coast 1 074
Lesotho 108 827 224 180 478 926 414 013 346 017
Liberia 22 018 39 866 34 271 44 334 79 747
Namibia 1 521 625 1 344 932 1 667 000 1 776 290 * 1 941 000
Sierra Leone 437 552 355 890 532 560 604 740 517 454
South Africa 8 870 967 7 046 644 7 245 403 8 168 113 8 060 373
Tanzania 80 498 40 691 127 174 179 633 252 875
Togo 96 71 456 24 23
Zimbabwe 8 435 224 8 502 648 12 060 163 10 411 818 4 771 637
Canada 11 773 000 10 795 000 10 529 215 10 561 600 12 082 000
Brazil 25 394 45 536 46 292 49 166 56 923

Guyana 49 920 52 273 40 763 63 961 99 950
Venezuela 2 099
China * 1 100 000 * 1 100 000 * 1 100 000 * 1 100 000 * 1 100 000
India (c) 11 222 18 490 31 988 37 515 36 110
Australia 9 998 000 7 561 487 8 625 996 11 481 749 9 288 118
World total 126 000 000 123 700 000 126 300 000 131 100 000 125 500 000
Notes
(1) This table does not show production of synthetic diamond
(2) So far as possible the amounts shown include estimates for illegal production
(3) Production of diamond from Ivory Coast was under United Nations sanctions from 2004 until 2013. It is believed illegal production may
have continued during this period but it is not possible to estimate the quantity involved
(a) Including artisanal production

(b) Currently under temporary suspension by the Kimberley Process and not trading in rough diamonds; however it is unclear whether
production has actually stopped
22
Production of diatomite tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Armenia 31 101 29 232 29 148 19 376 19 300

Czech Republic 32 000 46 000 43 000 49 000 34 000
Denmark
Moler (a) 124 000 126 000 111 000 128 125 118 750
France * 75 000 * 75 000 * 85 000 * 85 000 * 90 000
Germany 49 306 52 698 50 036 51 435 54 277
Hungary 1 197 1 309 1 229 456 * 500
Poland 1 000 580 600 600 590
Spain (b) 64 346 83 624 60 777 53 713 59 619
Turkey 18 448 45 187 86 403 84 751 * 85 000
Algeria 2 231 2 000 2 000 2 124 2 426

Ethiopia (c) 4 104 * 4 000 * 5 000 * 5 000 * 5 000
Kenya 224 713 1 731 1 054 168
Mozambique 123 48 541 * 550 * 550
Costa Rica 29 900 8 700

Mexico 91 710 84 231 84 537 87 463 87 849
USA (d) 595 000 813 000 735 000 782 000 * 800 000
Argentina 54 467 60 651 55 000 * 55 000 * 55 000

Brazil 9 300 4 415 3 427 1 947 * 1 900
Chile 30 925 22 938 23 021 27 092 31 000
Peru 18 886 54 163 93 786 124 917 151 398
China * 400 000 * 440 000 * 420 000 * 420 000 * 430 000
Iran (e) ... ... 1 956 4 167 * 4 200
Japan * 110 000 * 100 000 * 100 000 * 90 000 * 100 000
Korea (Rep. of) 2 200 5 150 6 000 34 000 65 893
Saudi Arabia * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 000
Thailand 7 100 38 130 8 500
Vietnam * 10 000 * 10 000 * 10 000 * 10 000 * 10 000
Australia (f) * 13 000 * 12 000 * 12 000 * 21 000 * 13 000

New Zealand 95 4 43 624
World total 1 777 000 2 121 000 2 031 000 2 140 000 2 265 000
Notes
(1) In addition to the countries listed, Georgia and Russia may produce diatomite
(a) Moler is an impure diatomite containing a large proportion of clay

(b) Including Tripoli
(c) Years ended 7 July of that stated
(d) Sold or used by producers
(e) Years ended 20 March following that stated
(f) Years ended 30 June of that stated Production of diatomite
23
Production of feldspar tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Bulgaria * 80 000 * 80 000 * 80 000 * 80 000 * 80 000

Czech Republic 388 000 407 000 445 000 411 000 422 000
Finland 28 013 26 292 43 124 47 636 46 233
France * 650 000 * 600 000 * 600 000 * 550 000 * 550 000
Germany 350 000 350 000 350 000 * 350 000 * 350 000
Greece 23 050 10 200 13 000
Italy * 4 700 000 * 4 700 000 * 4 700 000 * 4 700 000 * 4 700 000
Macedonia 23 188 25 032 17 168 15 168 18 076
Norway 56 000 25 271 154
Poland 513 700 538 800 487 200 483 000 * 485 000
Portugal (a) 169 722 187 159 167 287 138 715 136 440
Romania 6 049 3 814 4 112 7 060 7 570
Russia * 160 000 * 160 000 * 160 000 * 160 000 * 160 000
Serbia 253 23 586 19 927 * 20 000 * 20 000
Slovakia 5 000 6 000
Spain 691 894 662 418 530 238 592 908 * 600 000
Sweden 22 000 30 000 27 000 30 000 27 000
Turkey 6 281 597 7 076 068 7 076 068 7 090 677 7 609 692
Ukraine 146 016 178 614 146 286 133 933 94 506
Algeria 163 939 132 000 162 000 258 700 230 372
Egypt 405 600 210 000 * 400 000 * 400 000 * 400 000
Ethiopia (b) 199 441 * 530 * 400 * 400
Morocco * 40 000 43 889 * 45 000 * 45 000 * 45 000
Nigeria 1 616 * 1 700 * 1 700 * 1 700 * 1 700
South Africa 94 307 101 559 94 458 191 443 102 541
Sudan 923 9 519 26 283 31 700 * 35 000
Cuba 2 800 3 100 3 800 3 200 3 600

Guatemala 15 720 7 516 19 356 19 611 10 410
Mexico 398 849 382 497 380 441 164 484 150 726
USA 500 000 580 000 560 000 550 000 * 560 000
Argentina 217 213 216 721 273 896 * 270 000 * 270 000
Brazil 276 448 333 352 247 152 294 357 * 300 000
Chile 7 723 7 563 6 399 3 874 4 233
Colombia * 85 000 * 85 000 * 60 000 46 195 * 46 000
Ecuador 156 888 130 498 152 590 210 142 183 259
Peru 3 589 11 645 26 359 22 695 * 23 000
Uruguay 4 300
Venezuela 57 760 76 726 85 115 91 054 88 051
China * 2 100 000 * 2 100 000 * 2 100 000 * 2 100 000 * 2 100 000
India (c) 546 472 835 526 1 459 008 1 412 518 * 1 750 000
Indonesia * 20 000 * 18 000 * 19 000 * 19 000 * 19 000
Iran (d) 652 020 576 643 500 000 580 000 * 600 000
Japan (e) * 110 000 104 109 * 100 000 * 105 000 * 100 000
Korea (Rep. of) 496 511 384 221 360 413 343 241 528 958
Malaysia 455 497 379 629 482 906 314 399 376 646
Pakistan (f) 54 198 23 254 53 235 38 218 81 858
Philippines 15 882 22 050 24 969 30 388 34 232
Saudi Arabia 42 300 44 000 227 000 160 000 168 000
Sri Lanka 75 405 53 337 87 318 96 043 * 96 000
Taiwan 20 50 40 15 5
Thailand 641 900 1 041 152 1 100 619 1 072 656 1 413 428
Uzbekistan * 4 300 * 4 300 * 4 300 * 4 300 * 4 300
Vietnam * 200 000 * 200 000 * 200 000 * 200 000 * 200 000
Australia (f) * 103 000 * 94 000 * 108 000 * 73 000 * 73 000
World total 22 236 000 23 298 000 24 238 000 23 968 000 25 313 000
24
Production of feldspar
Notes
(a) Includes feldspathic sand
(b) Years ended 6 July of that stated
(e) Including weathered granite feldspar
(f) Years ended 30 June of that stated
Production of fluorspar tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Bulgaria 10 31 800 69 700 82 500 * 82 500

Germany 59 086 65 619 54 202 48 744 35 270
Russia 67 000 120 000 130 000 56 200 * 56 000
Spain 132 341 117 063 113 570 128 512 135 293
Turkey 25 189 4 524 5 197 3 874 * 3 800
United Kingdom 26 420 30 000 77 000
Egypt (a) * 7 665 850 * 800

Kenya 40 800 95 100 91 000 71 987 97 156
Morocco 89 680 79 207 * 79 300 * 81 200 79 840
Namibia 104 494 94 032 90 834 * 63 470 * 57 908
South Africa * 160 000 * 240 000 * 225 000 * 175 000 * 230 000
Mexico 1 067 386 1 206 907 1 237 091 1 210 477 1 109 721
Argentina 17 657 25 099 35 874 * 35 000 * 35 000

Brazil (b) 24 447 25 040 24 148 27 712 * 25 000
China 4 780 000 6 550 000 * 6 550 000 * 5 000 000 * 3 600 000
India (c) 7 544 5 010 3 092 2 486 * 1 000
Iran (d) * 70 000 55 976 * 60 000 70 000 * 70 000
Kazakhstan * 66 000 * 66 000 * 66 000 * 66 000 * 66 000
Korea, Dem. P.R. of * 12 500 * 12 500 * 12 500 * 12 500 * 12 500
Kyrgyzstan * 4 000 * 4 000 * 4 000 * 4 000 * 4 000
Mongolia 367 000 404 000 428 900 337 800 * 338 000
Pakistan (a) 222 4 756 6 866 * 7 000 * 7 000
Thailand 30 487 5 093 9 602 * 9 600 * 9 600
Vietnam * 4 000 * 4 000 * 4 000 * 4 000 * 37 000
World total 7 200 000 9 200 000 9 300 000 7 500 000 6 200 000
Notes
(1) In addition, the USA produced the following amounts of fluorspar equivalent in fluorosilicic acid derived from processing phosphate
rock ('000 t): 2010:128; 2011: 124; 2012: 130; 2013: 131; 2014: 131

25
Production of primary gallium tonnes (metric)
Accurate data for gallium is difficult to obtain because it is produced only as a by-product of bauxite or zinc processing using proprietary
techniques and the majority of producers do not report production figures. The leading producing countries are believed to be China,
Germany and Ukraine, with smaller quantities produced in the Republic of Korea, Russia, Hungary and Japan.
The following table provides the currently available information but this is incomplete. The United States Geological Survey estimates total
world primary production as: 2010, 182 tonnes; 2011, 292 tonnes; 2012, 273 tonnes; 2013, 390 tonnes and 2014, 440 tonnes
There is also believed to be significant production of refined gallium from scrap recycling, particularly in China, Japan, United Kingdom and
USA.
tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Russia 13 * 13 * 13 * 13 * 13
Japan 5 5 8 8 8
Kazakhstan 19 19 16 * 16 * 16
Production of germanium metal tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Finland 12 12 16 17 17
Russia *5 *5 *5 *5 *5
USA (a) 3 3 *3 *3 *3
China * 100 * 100 * 100 * 100 * 100

Japan *2 *2 *2 *2 *2
Notes
(1) Germanium is also believed to be recovered from imported or domestic material in Belgium, Canada and Ukraine
(a) Including production of secondary metal
26
Mine production of gold kilograms
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Armenia 1 780 2 125 1 941 2 324 2 814

Azerbaijan 2 092 1 775 1 562 1 621 1 875
Bulgaria 4 489 5 302 7 058 7 385 7 899
Finland 5 896 6 674 9 100 8 660 8 085
Georgia * 3 100 * 3 100 * 3 100 * 4 300 2 300
Greece 26 823 552
Greenland 103 307 25
Poland 500 400 469 431 226
Romania * 500 * 500 * 500 * 500 * 500
Russia 201 300 188 748 200 345 229 982 249 065
Serbia (a) 856 1 534 1 400 1 154 * 1 200
Slovakia 534 398 546 533 582
Spain 529 1 529 1 994 1 800
Sweden 6 285 5 994 6 015 6 530 6 849
Turkey 16 890 24 000 29 390 33 980 31 000
United Kingdom 177 202 102 42
Algeria 723 340 264 140 80

Botswana 1 774 1 562 1 522 1 206 958
Burkina Faso 23 525 32 188 29 873 33 600 37 200
Burundi 2 933 1 052 2 046 2 823 1 000
Cameroon * 600 * 600 * 600 * 600 * 600
Egypt 4 675 6 305 8 175 11 102 11 734
Eritrea * 30 11 788 9 735 2 862 840
Ethiopia (b) 6 003 10 322 12 581 13 050 10 340
Gabon * 300 * 300 684 1 201 1 012
Ghana (c) 92 380 90 959 89 768 99 303 98 528
Guinea 24 836 15 779 16 153 18 139 15 660
Ivory Coast 5 316 11 009 11 232 12 949 * 17 000
Kenya 2 355 1 636 3 600 2 100 0
Liberia 666 449 641 600 535
Madagascar (c) 46 1 157
Mali * 44 300 * 42 300 * 41 200 * 46 200 * 45 400
Mauritania 8 326 8 198 7 647 9 518 9 625
Morocco (a) 650 520 532 463 377
Mozambique 106 111 178 180 197
Namibia 2 683 2 112 2 402 2 036 2 139
Niger 1 950 1 957 1 677 1 041 732
Nigeria 3 718 * 3 700 * 4 000 * 4 000 * 4 000
Senegal 5 354 4 089 6 666 6 445 6 588
Sierra Leone 270 164 141 96 33
South Africa 188 702 180 184 154 180 159 724 151 622
Sudan 34 000 * 40 000 44 500 70 000 * 70 000
Tanzania 39 448 37 085 39 012 43 390 40 598
Togo 10 452 16 469 18 551 21 086 20 583
Zambia (d) 3 410 3 493 4 232 5 207 4 803
Zimbabwe 19 240 12 993 14 743 14 001 15 386
Canada 102 693 102 624 107 486 133 636 152 105
Costa Rica * 300 * 500
Dominican Republic 533 495 4 106 26 084 35 081
Guatemala 9 213 11 898 6 473 6 386 6 142
Honduras 2 200 1 893 1 859 1 985 2 762
Mexico 79 376 88 649 102 802 119 774 117 771
Nicaragua 4 877 6 395 6 981 8 612 8 648
Panama 1 667 2 057 2 208 1 120
USA 231 249 233 925 234 623 228 234 210 076
Argentina 63 523 59 140 54 651 52 486 71 770

Bolivia 6 400 6 513 27 488 18 127 39 152
Brazil 62 047 65 200 66 773 79 563 * 80 000
Chile 39 494 45 137 49 936 51 309 46 031
Colombia 53 606 55 908 66 178 55 745 57 015
Ecuador 4 593 4 924 5 139 8 676 7 322
French Guiana 1 140 * 1 300 * 1 000 * 2 000 * 2 000
Guyana 9 593 11 293 13 643 14 963 12 053
Peru 164 070 166 168 161 545 151 486 139 966
27
Mine production of gold kilograms
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Suriname 12 932 12 605 12 507 11 001 10 641

Uruguay (e) 1 705 1 702 1 881 2 092 1 715
Venezuela 6 991 4 608 1 982 1 691 1 099
Burma (a) * 100 * 100 787 893 * 900

China (a) 340 880 360 960 403 050 428 163 451 799
India (f) 2 399 2 194 1 588 1 564 1 322
Indonesia 119 726 76 764 69 291 59 804 69 023
Iran (f) * 350 915 1 179 1 656 1 760
Japan 8 223 8 692 7 232 7 411 7 114
Kazakhstan 30 272 38 247 42 561 * 47 000 * 42 040
Korea (Rep. of) 235 209 336 413 284
Kyrgyzstan 18 500 18 900 10 600 19 400 17 800
Laos 5 138 3 984 6 415 6 838 5 265
Malaysia 3 766 4 219 4 625 3 823 4 308
Mongolia 6 037 5 703 5 995 8 904 19 959
Philippines 40 847 31 120 15 762 17 248 18 423
Saudi Arabia 4 400 4 611 4 285 4 158 4 789
Tajikistan 2 049 2 240 2 400 2 670 * 3 400
Thailand 5 300 5 568 4 895 4 419 4 576
Uzbekistan * 90 000 * 91 000 * 90 000 * 90 000 * 102 000
Vietnam 1 034 1 333 1 508 1 681 164
Australia 260 000 259 052 251 654 268 262 273 963
Fiji 1 903 1 572 1 439 1 218 1 196
New Zealand 12 240 11 738 10 049 12 468 11 989
Papua New Guinea 66 901 62 271 55 839 56 035 52 882
Solomon Islands 130 1 588 2 109 1 826 603
World total 2 660 000 2 660 000 2 730 000 2 920 000 3 020 000
Notes
(1) In several countries substantial amounts of gold produced in small operations are not recorded in the official statistics used when
compiling this table
(2) In addition to the countries listed, Benin, Central African Republic, Congo, Uganda, Oman and Taiwan produce less than 100 kg gold
per year
(3) In addition to the countries listed, Cambodia, El Salvador, Haiti, Macedonia, Malawi, Pakistan, Paraguay, Portugal, and South Sudan
may produce gold.
(a) Metal production

(c) In addition some gold produced by artisanal mining
(d) Contained in blister copper, refinery muds and electrolytic copper
(e) Year ended 30 November of the year stated
28
Production of graphite tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Austria (a) 420 925 219 * 500 * 500

Bosnia & Herzegovina 45 079
Germany 109 269 517
Norway 6 270 7 789 6 992 6 207 8 308
Romania 6 633
Russia * 14 000 * 14 000 * 14 000 * 14 000 * 14 000
Turkey 5 250 31 500 28 740 * 28 500
Ukraine 2 800 600 4 600 6 900 13 800
Madagascar 3 654 3 951 (b) 3 500 (b) 6 100 (b) 5 700

Zimbabwe 741 7 252 7 022 6 934 6 853
Canada * 20 000 * 20 000 * 20 000 * 20 000 * 20 000

Mexico 6 628 7 348 7 520 7 024 9 160
Brazil (c) 92 364 105 188 88 110 91 908 78 460
China (d) * 1 800 000 * 1 800 000 * 1 800 000 * 1 800 000 * 1 800 000
India (a)(e) 115 697 153 339 134 735 146 009 * 104 000
Korea (Rep. of) 34
Korea, Dem. P.R. of * 10 000 * 10 000 * 10 000 * 10 000 * 10 000
Pakistan (f) 950 1 268 912 6 188 13 773
Sri Lanka 3 437 3 357 4 173 3 143 * 3 100
World total 2 100 000 2 100 000 2 100 000 2 200 000 2 100 000
Notes
(1) This table includes all forms of amorphous and crystalline graphite but excludes synthetic material
(a) Crude
(b) Exports
(c) Including beneficiated and directly shipped material
(d) Including flake graphite
(f) Years ended 30 June of that stated
29
Production of Gypsum tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Albania * 80 000 * 80 000 91 021 126 349 108 733

Armenia 38 700 34 000 30 400 28 700 * 28 000
Austria (a) 872 273 815 438 791 961 635 299 729 892
Azerbaijan 48 887 107 328 149 983 169 028 112 972
Bosnia & Herzegovina (a) 64 570 71 870 73 365 73 300 67 700
Bulgaria 109 200 114 800 113 700 119 100 * 119 000
Croatia 248 675 231 008 182 557 114 450 120 055
Cyprus 333 000 335 000 327 800 315 000 347 600
Czech Republic 5 000 11 000 14 000 11 000 11 000
France (a) 2 065 814 2 452 204 2 314 788 2 189 971 1 907 768
Germany (a) 1 822 000 2 021 000 1 949 000 1 778 000 1 802 000
Greece (a) * 600 000 587 000 700 000 760 000 572 000
Hungary (a) 20 000 3 000
Ireland, Republic of * 300 000 * 300 000 * 200 000 * 200 000 * 300 000
Italy (a) 4 441 109 3 642 897 3 200 920 3 192 186 8 551 200
Latvia (a) 176 510 215 950 252 714 272 340 * 280 000
Macedonia (a) 143 118 162 984 157 844 162 661 156 492
Moldova (b) * 300 000 * 400 000 375 900 * 400 000 * 400 000
Norway (a)(c) 36 395 88 953 85 296 77 009 79 740
Poland (a) 1 241 200 1 418 300 1 395 400 1 270 100 1 231 900
Portugal 336 755 337 272 321 988 299 038 328 730
Romania 639 010 834 009 765 251 736 099 815 586
Russia * 2 900 000 * 3 000 000 * 3 100 000 * 5 100 000 * 5 300 000
Slovakia (a) 87 000 88 000 88 000 60 000 65 000
Spain 6 990 249 7 825 747 6 359 923 7 388 699 * 7 000 000
Switzerland 335 000 300 000 297 000 284 000 242 000
Turkey 6 321 891 5 723 439 8 248 446 9 790 097 * 9 800 000
Ukraine (a) 2 142 000 2 293 800 2 185 800 2 175 400 1 525 300
United Kingdom * 1 200 000 * 1 200 000 * 1 200 000 * 1 200 000 * 1 200 000
Algeria 1 609 605 1 800 000 2 000 000 2 077 700 2 130 459
Angola * 200 000 * 200 000 * 200 000 * 200 000 * 200 000
Egypt (a) 734 983 941 753 966 250 * 1 000 000 * 1 000 000
Eritrea * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 000
Ethiopia (a)(d) 41 000 46 000 46 000 42 452 * 42 000
Kenya (a) 5 500 6 520 6 653 * 6 500 * 6 500
Libya * 250 000 * 125 000 * 150 000 * 200 000 * 200 000
Madagascar 127 * 130 * 130 * 130 * 130
Mauritania 65 245 72 153 * 75 000 * 100 000 * 100 000
Morocco * 600 000 * 600 000 * 600 000 * 600 000 * 600 000
Niger 7 559 6 058 600 1 755
South Africa 1 026 620 476 118 558 242 559 443 376 223
Sudan 31 000 31 000 117 073 132 000 * 140 000
Tanzania 26 918 38 659 91 610 171 567 200 179
Tunisia 435 000 * 435 000 * 435 000 * 435 000 * 435 000
Canada (a) 2 717 000 2 555 000 2 550 000 2 654 000 1 811 000
Cuba 111 300 131 400 131 000 87 100 97 800
Guatemala 58 924 77 009 99 628 117 619 81 885
Honduras * 5 500 * 5 500 * 5 500 * 5 500 * 10 000
Jamaica 147 143 79 521 64 753 48 322 45 201
Mexico 6 477 590 6 463 861 9 456 478 7 903 159 * 8 500 000
Nicaragua 20 330 29 710 34 890 36 500 46 570
USA 10 200 000 10 500 000 15 800 000 16 300 000 * 17 100 000
Argentina 1 346 535 1 469 447 1 432 517 * 1 450 000 * 1 500 000
Bolivia 556 600 645 1 223 * 1 000
Brazil 2 638 096 3 228 931 3 749 860 3 332 991 * 3 300 000
Chile 758 011 917 759 799 064 1 015 158 843 490
Colombia * 200 000 * 200 000 * 200 000 * 200 000 395 651
Paraguay 4 400 * 4 500 * 4 500 * 4 500 * 4 500
Peru 313 025 479 950 390 705 297 527 * 300 000
Afghanistan * 1 000 1 000 2 000 2 500 3 000

Bhutan 344 034 352 234 313 173 351 420 414 148
Burma (e) 76 391 77 413 38 579 60 510 104 994
China * 37 000 000 * 37 000 000 * 37 000 000 * 37 000 000 * 37 000 000
30
Production of Gypsum tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
India (e)(f) 4 924 906 3 991 853 3 564 300 2 930 444 2 736 650
Indonesia * 7 000 * 7 500 * 8 000 * 8 000 * 8 000
Iran (g) 11 913 979 14 657 191 14 178 577 17 354 489 * 17 500 000
Iraq 8 276 733 11 350 170 9 424 214 10 461 708 * 10 462 000
Israel 99 730 20 437 45 407 27 200 82 000
Jordan 292 340 254 860 275 000 * 275 000 * 275 000
Kazakhstan * 700 000 * 700 000 * 700 000 * 700 000 * 700 000
Laos 553 300 686 100 619 300 * 619 000 * 619 000
Mongolia * 60 000 * 60 000 * 60 000 * 60 000 * 60 000
Oman 653 200 1 254 100 1 915 300 2 785 000 3 387 300
Pakistan (h) 853 590 885 368 1 260 021 1 249 967 1 322 059
Saudi Arabia 2 100 000 2 239 000 1 700 000 1 700 000 1 780 000
Sri Lanka 104 542 * 600 * 600 * 600
Syria * 405 000 * 405 000 * 200 000 * 100 000 * 50 000
Tajikistan 14 600 11 300 13 700 12 200 12 900
Thailand
Gypsum 10 172 629 10 994 074 11 447 199 12 382 648 12 445 100
Anhydrite 536 120 614 148 857 172 * 857 000 * 857 000
Uzbekistan * 80 000 * 80 000 * 80 000 * 80 000 * 80 000
Vietnam * 5 000 * 5 000 * 5 000 * 5 000 * 5 000
Yemen, Republic of * 100 000 * 100 000 * 100 000 * 100 000 * 100 000
Australia (h) 3 680 000 3 401 300 3 834 900 3 588 885 * 3 700 000
World total 146 900 000 154 800 000 162 800 000 170 800 000 176 600 000
Notes
(1) Some countries produce large quantities of synthetic gypsum. Where possible, this output is excluded from the table
(2) In addition to the countries listed, Japan may also produce gypsum.
(a) Including anhydrite

(b) Excluding output from the region east of the River Nistru and the Municipality of Bender
(c) Sales
(d) Years ended 7 July of that stated
(f) Including selenite
(h) Years ended 30 June of that stated
31
Refinery production of indium tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Belgium * 30 * 30 * 30 * 30 * 30
Germany * 10 * 10 * 10 * 10 * 10
Italy *5 *5 *5 *5 *5
Netherlands *5 *5 *5 *5 *5
Russia 7 6 7 7 *7
United Kingdom *5 *5 *5 *5 *5
Canada * 67 * 64 * 65 * 65 * 65
Brazil *5 *5 *5 *5 *5
Peru *2 * 11 11 * 11
China * 340 * 380 * 405 * 415 * 420

Japan 69 70 70 70 70
Korea (Rep. of) * 100 * 100 * 100 * 100 * 100
Note(s)
(1) In addition to the countries listed, Kazakhstan is believed to produce small quantities of indium
Production of iodine kilograms
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Azerbaijan 191 300 200 000 240 400 249 100 221 100
Russia * 105 000 * 105 000 * 105 000 * 105 000 * 105 000
USA * 1 250 000 * 1 270 000 * 1 270 000 * 1 270 000 * 1 270 000
Chile 15 793 000 16 000 000 17 494 000 20 656 000 18 989 000
China * 590 000 * 590 000 * 600 000 * 600 000 * 600 000
Indonesia * 56 000 * 61 000 * 44 000 * 43 000 * 50 000
Japan 9 216 000 9 277 000 9 315 000 * 9 500 000 * 9 500 000
Turkmenistan * 470 000 * 470 000 * 480 000 * 500 000 * 500 000
Uzbekistan * 2 000 * 2 000 * 2 000 * 2 000 * 2 000
World total 27 700 000 28 000 000 29 600 000 32 900 000 31 200 000
Production of iron ore tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Austria (a) 2 068 853 2 206 910 2 142 255 2 323 323 2 436 675
Azerbaijan 57 800 214 300 207 300 141 400 91 400
Bosnia & Herzegovina 1 401 000 1 891 000 2 075 732 2 121 908 2 127 564
Germany (b)(c) 390 353 489 091 447 515 413 404 455 941
Norway 6 742 333 6 723 426 7 744 487 9 549 232 10 542 149
Russia 95 500 000 104 000 000 104 000 000 102 100 000 102 100 000
Sweden 28 797 000 30 840 000 32 198 000 37 411 000 35 759 000
Turkey 5 378 455 6 308 448 7 599 511 * 7 700 000 * 7 700 000
Ukraine 78 541 000 80 900 000 67 149 000 70 389 000 68 337 000
32
Production of iron ore tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Algeria 1 474 279 1 700 000 1 700 000 1 066 700 911 135
Egypt (d) 2 314 425 3 320 878 3 930 002 1 421 772 * 1 500 000
Liberia 386 968 2 369 850 4 698 281 * 4 813 676
Mali * 4 600 * 100 000 * 160 000 * 100 000 * 100 000
Mauritania 11 109 000 11 176 000 11 169 800 12 532 200 13 305 800
Morocco 44 665 78 926 260 700 301 100 22 910
Nigeria 63 000 70 000 * 70 000 * 70 000 * 70 000
Sierra Leone 339 330 5 203 490 11 894 580 14 513 946
South Africa (e) 58 709 330 58 056 897 67 100 474 71 543 088 80 759 334
Sudan 1 700 48 163 96 400 339 390 * 400 000
Swaziland 79 553 1 032 230 1 258 560 603 251
Tunisia 180 500 171 200 223 000 243 100 307 600
Uganda 3 795 2 134 4 431 2 282 41 959
Zimbabwe 28
Canada (f) 37 001 000 33 573 000 39 427 100 42 769 700 44 196 000
Guatemala 1 604 1 160 10 808 778 2 035
Mexico 21 210 000 19 403 000 22 600 000 28 545 000 25 193 818
USA (f)(g) 49 500 000 54 700 000 54 000 000 53 000 000 * 57 500 000
Brazil 372 300 000 460 400 000 400 600 000 316 800 000 345 800 000
Chile 9 129 500 12 624 600 17 330 000 17 108 000 18 865 800
Colombia 77 048 174 459 391 503 710 047 676 180
Ecuador (h) 5 568 27 060 7 631 2 616 408
Peru 7 432 000 8 623 000 8 221 983 6 680 659 7 193 000
Venezuela 14 330 761 16 347 621 16 347 028 11 372 172 11 394 040
Bhutan 3 742 20 506 18 997

China 1 077 705 100 1 326 942 000 1 309 637 000 1 451 011 000 1 514 240 000
India (i) 207 157 000 168 582 000 136 618 000 152 433 000 129 103 000
Indonesia 8 975 507 11 814 544 11 545 752 * 20 000 000 * 3 000 000
Iran (j) 35 548 974 38 260 000 43 497 000 48 693 000 * 50 000 000
Iraq 26 639 *
Kazakhstan 50 190 000 51 742 000 52 614 000 51 758 500 51 540 800
Korea (Rep. of) 512 642 541 539 592 743 663 045 693 262
Korea, Dem. P.R. of * 5 300 000 * 5 300 000 * 5 100 000 * 3 057 000 * 2 800 000
Malaysia (f) 3 557 813 8 077 879 12 143 985 12 134 258 9 615 323
Mongolia 3 203 200 5 678 300 7 561 400 6 011 200 * 6 000 000
Pakistan (d) 447 541 329 100 384 893 412 108 192 749
Philippines 292 608 216 176 826 745 1 056 694
Thailand 976 937 489 359 303 233 389 620 347 918
Vietnam 1 972 100 2 371 300 1 506 200 2 495 000 2 308 000
Australia 433 452 000 477 330 291 519 858 812 612 415 940 745 734 695
New Zealand 2 438 641 2 357 440 2 394 848 3 156 619 3 245 369
World total 2 635 000 000 3 015 000 000 2 980 000 000 3 180 000 000 3 378 000 000
Notes
(a) Including micaceous iron oxide
(b) Including manganiferous iron ore
(c) Used as aggregate in the construction industry
(d) Years ended 30 June of that stated
(e) Including by-product magnetite
(f) Including by-product iron ore
(g) Including beneficiated and direct shipping ore
(h) Including iron sand
(i) Years ended 31 March following that stated
(j) Years ended 20 March following that stated
33
Production of pig iron tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Austria 5 621 000 5 815 000 5 751 000 6 200 000 6 015 000
Belgium 4 688 000 4 700 000 4 073 000 4 343 000 4 335 000
Czech Republic 3 987 000 4 137 000 3 935 207 4 040 000 4 152 000
Finland 2 564 000 2 600 000 2 461 000 2 100 000 2 500 000
France 10 136 827 9 697 535 9 531 844 10 276 499 10 865 646
Germany 28 560 000 27 943 000 27 046 000 27 177 000 27 943 000
Hungary 1 325 000 1 315 000 1 229 000 600 000 801 000
Italy 8 555 000 9 824 000 9 424 000 6 933 000 6 371 000
Netherlands 5 799 000 5 943 000 5 909 000 5 700 000 5 868 000
Norway 108 000 101 000 100 000 100 000 110 000
Poland 3 637 994 3 974 930 3 943 968 4 013 877 4 637 478
Romania 1 723 418 1 595 000 1 580 000 1 300 000 * 1 300 000
Russia 48 200 000 48 200 000 50 500 000 50 000 000 51 400 000
Serbia 1 158 628 1 197 693 318 651 366 277 550 000
Slovakia 3 649 000 3 346 000 3 519 755 3 617 000 3 838 000
Spain 3 572 000 3 540 000 3 081 000 3 949 000 3 958 000
Sweden 3 447 000 3 240 000 2 805 000 2 896 000 3 078 000
Turkey 16 362 115 14 877 155 18 289 109 19 548 094 * 20 000 000
Ukraine 27 366 000 28 878 000 28 487 000 29 088 700 24 800 900
United Kingdom 7 233 000 6 625 000 7 183 100 9 471 000 9 705 000
Algeria 696 000 360 000 350 000 300 000 300 000
Egypt 3 565 000 3 532 000 3 618 000 3 400 000 2 882 000
Libya 1 270 000 165 000 508 000 1 000 000 1 302 000
South Africa 6 549 000 6 018 000 6 092 000 6 404 000 6 040 000
Canada 8 266 000 8 025 000 8 496 000 7 300 000 8 210 000
Mexico 10 074 620 10 462 912 10 197 841 11 011 092 11 092 595
Trinidad & Tobago 1 751 800 1 705 600 1 684 300 1 749 700 1 633 000
USA 26 843 000 30 233 000 32 062 000 30 381 000 29 345 000
Argentina 4 098 500 4 470 900 3 683 000 4 115 390 3 644 932
Brazil 30 898 000 33 416 000 32 448 000 31 552 000 * 32 000 000
Chile 635 000 1 130 000 1 068 000 869 000 576 000
Colombia 327 000 295 000 345 000 264 000 232 000
Paraguay 81 000 42 000 67 000 69 000 71 000
Peru 100 000 94 000 98 000 91 000 91 000
Venezuela 3 760 000 4 470 000 4 594 000 2 600 000 1 415 000
China 597 333 400 640 508 800 663 544 000 711 498 800 711 599 000
India 64 987 000 66 460 000 62 057 000 64 893 000 71 864 000
Indonesia 1 274 000 1 228 000 524 000 757 000 * 800 000
Iran 10 532 000 12 670 000 13 725 000 16 465 000 * 17 000 000
Japan 82 283 358 81 028 352 81 405 470 83 849 049 83 872 490
Kazakhstan 2 864 000 3 141 000 2 707 000 2 622 745 3 184 780
Korea (Rep. of) 35 064 568 42 212 717 41 718 000 41 045 000 46 909 000
Korea, Dem. P.R. of * 250 000 * 250 000 * 250 000 * 250 000 * 250 000
Malaysia 2 390 000 2 877 000 2 329 000 1 399 000 * 1 500 000
Pakistan (a) * 750 000 * 750 000 * 750 000 * 750 000 * 750 000
Qatar 2 040 037 2 212 999 2 424 000 2 385 493 2 515 000
Saudi Arabia 4 937 000 5 153 000 4 976 000 5 300 000 5 508 000
Taiwan 9 358 000 12 940 000 11 784 000 13 300 000 14 505 000
Vietnam * 500 000 * 600 000 * 650 000 * 650 000 * 650 000
Australia 6 259 000 5 296 000 3 480 000 3 342 000 3 282 000
New Zealand 667 000 659 000 670 000 700 000 680 000
World total 1 109 000 000 1 171 000 000 1 188 000 000 1 243 000 000 1 256 000 000
Notes
(1) The data in this table include sponge iron and direct reduced iron (DRI), where these have been separately identified
34
Production of crude steel tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Albania 390 000 464 000 390 000 312 000 637 905
Austria 7 206 000 7 474 000 7 421 000 7 953 000 7 876 000
Azerbaijan 129 125 234 002 267 660 222 800 288 136
Belarus 2 530 829 2 778 792 2 869 373 2 394 489 2 597 807
Belgium 7 973 000 8 026 000 7 301 000 7 127 000 7 331 000
Bulgaria 744 000 835 000 633 000 523 000 612 000
Croatia 103 429 162 709 1 016 135 000 159 000
Czech Republic 5 180 000 5 583 000 5 072 082 5 171 255 5 360 000
Estonia 1 185 157 200
Finland 4 029 000 3 989 000 3 759 000 3 517 000 3 808 000
France 15 413 577 15 780 639 15 607 227 15 685 350 16 143 625
Germany 43 830 000 44 284 000 42 661 000 42 645 000 42 941 000
Greece 1 821 000 1 934 000 1 247 000 1 030 000 1 022 000
Hungary 1 681 000 1 729 000 1 543 000 883 000 1 152 000
Italy 25 750 000 28 735 000 27 252 000 24 093 000 23 714 000
Kosovo ... ... * 120 000 * 120 000 * 120 000
Latvia 655 000 568 000 805 000 198 000 * 190 000
Luxembourg 2 548 000 2 521 000 2 214 000 2 090 000 2 193 000
Macedonia 344 866 348 576 225 224 145 633 196 454
Moldova (a) 242 000 321 000 335 000 190 000 344 000
Montenegro 48 272 61 164 28 161 19 723 * 15 000
Netherlands 6 651 000 6 937 000 6 879 000 6 713 000 6 964 000
Norway 530 000 610 000 700 000 605 000 595 000
Poland 7 993 025 8 776 458 8 542 514 8 199 353 8 799 731
Portugal 1 543 000 1 942 000 1 960 000 2 050 000 * 2 000 000
Romania 3 720 775 3 828 000 3 292 000 2 985 000 3 158 000
Russia 66 300 000 68 400 000 70 400 000 68 800 000 70 300 000
Serbia 1 254 386 1 304 954 346 000 396 000 583 000
Slovakia 4 583 000 4 236 000 4 403 447 4 511 000 4 705 000
Slovenia 606 000 648 000 632 000 618 000 615 000
Spain 16 343 000 15 504 000 13 639 000 14 252 000 14 163 000
Sweden 4 845 600 4 867 000 4 326 000 4 404 000 4 539 000
Switzerland 1 320 000 1 400 000 * 1 450 000 * 1 530 000 * 1 500 000
Turkey 29 029 789 30 562 184 35 885 000 34 654 000 34 035 000
Ukraine 33 345 586 35 512 156 33 509 180 33 198 653 27 372 913
United Kingdom 9 708 000 9 478 000 9 579 100 11 857 500 12 120 000
Algeria 662 000 551 000 557 000 417 000 415 000
Congo, Democratic Republic * 30 000 * 30 000 * 30 000 * 30 000 * 30 000
Egypt 6 676 000 6 485 000 6 627 000 6 754 000 6 485 000
Ethiopia 150 000 * 130 000 * 130 000 * 130 000 * 130 000
Ghana 25 000 25 000 25 000 25 000 25 000
Kenya 20 000 20 000 20 000 20 000 * 20 000
Libya 825 000 100 000 315 000 712 000 968 000
Mauritania 5 000 5 000 5 000 * 5 000 * 5 000
Morocco 485 000 654 000 539 000 558 000 501 000
Nigeria 100 000 100 000 100 000 100 000 100 000
South Africa 7 617 000 7 546 000 6 938 000 7 253 000 7 210 000
Tunisia 115 100 150 000 150 000 * 150 000 * 150 000
Uganda 30 000 30 000 30 000 30 000 * 30 000
Canada 13 009 000 12 891 000 13 507 000 12 349 000 12 595 000
Cuba 279 040 283 982 280 899 268 814 259 130
Dominican Republic * 60 000 * 76 000 * 56 000 * 56 000 * 60 000
El Salvador 64 000 97 000 72 000 108 000 121 000
Guatemala 274 000 294 000 334 000 385 000 358 000
Mexico 16 869 675 18 110 111 18 073 052 18 242 195 18 995 283
Trinidad & Tobago 571 600 603 400 623 800 615 800 483 000
USA 80 495 000 86 000 000 88 695 000 86 878 000 88 347 000
Argentina 5 138 500 5 610 500 4 996 000 5 185 710 4 580 600
Brazil 32 948 000 35 220 000 34 524 000 34 163 000 33 912 000
Chile 1 011 000 1 615 000 1 671 000 1 398 000 1 119 000
Colombia 1 207 000 1 244 000 1 302 000 1 107 000 1 269 000
Ecuador 357 000 463 000 425 000 570 000 612 000
Paraguay 59 000 28 000 44 000 45 000 47 000
Peru 867 000 882 000 981 000 1 057 000 1 144 000
35
Production of crude steel tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Uruguay 65 000 81 000 78 000 91 000 81 000

Venezuela 2 207 000 2 980 000 2 359 000 2 494 000 1 466 000
Burma * 25 000 * 25 000 * 25 000 * 30 000 * 35 000

China 637 229 900 685 283 100 723 882 200 813 138 900 822 698 000
India (b) 70 672 000 74 291 000 78 416 000 81 690 000 88 980 000
Indonesia 3 664 000 3 621 000 2 254 000 2 644 000 * 2 800 000
Iran 11 995 000 14 037 000 14 395 000 15 631 000 * 15 800 000
Israel * 300 000 * 300 000 * 300 000 * 300 000 * 300 000
Japan 109 598 507 107 601 194 107 232 297 110 594 771 110 666 068
Jordan * 150 000 * 150 000 * 150 000 * 150 000 * 150 000
Kazakhstan 4 220 000 4 699 000 3 676 000 3 275 000 4 014 860
Korea (Rep. of) 58 914 125 68 519 191 69 073 000 66 061 000 71 542 000
Korea, Dem. P.R. of * 1 300 000 * 1 300 000 * 1 280 000 * 1 250 000 * 1 250 000
Kuwait * 500 000 * 500 000 * 500 000 * 500 000 * 500 000
Malaysia 5 694 000 5 941 000 5 612 000 4 693 000 * 5 000 000
Mongolia 68 000 63 600 72 400 * 58 600 * 58 600
Pakistan * 800 000 * 850 000 * 850 000 * 972 000 * 1 070 000
Philippines 1 050 000 1 200 000 1 260 000 * 1 300 000 * 1 300 000
Qatar 1 974 937 2 005 000 2 148 000 2 236 000 3 047 000
Saudi Arabia 5 015 000 5 275 000 5 203 000 5 471 000 6 291 000
Singapore 728 000 752 000 688 000 434 000 575 000
Syria * 70 000 * 70 000 * 70 000 * 10 000 * 5 000
Taiwan 18 975 000 21 640 000 19 927 000 21 466 000 22 511 000
Thailand 4 144 908 4 238 000 3 328 000 * 3 600 000 * 3 500 000
United Arab Emirates * 500 000 * 2 000 000 2 408 000 2 878 000 2 390 000
Uzbekistan 716 000 733 000 736 000 746 000 731 000
Vietnam 4 314 000 4 900 000 5 298 000 5 474 000 5 700 000
Australia 7 408 000 6 538 000 4 903 000 4 646 000 4 607 000
New Zealand 853 000 844 000 912 000 900 000 881 000
World total 1 432 000 000 1 520 000 000 1 554 000 000 1 641 000 000 1 667 000 000
Notes
(1) Unless otherwise indicated, these figures include production from scrap
(2) Small amounts of steel are believed to be produced in Sri Lanka
(a) Production from the region east of the River Nistru

36
Production of ferro-alloys tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Albania
Ferro-chrome 23 233 28 433 24 018 24 692 34 897
Armenia
Ferro-molybdenum 5 126 5 525 5 836 6 619 6 528
Austria
Ferro-nickel 2 500 2 500 2 500 2 500 2 500
Ferro-vanadium 8 000 8 000 8 000 8 000 8 000
Ferro-alloys 17 972 17 527 15 874 16 707 18 383
Czech Republic
Ferro-vanadium * 3 400 * 4 600 * 5 800 * 6 400 * 6 400
Finland
Ferro-chrome 238 000 231 000 229 000 434 000 441 000
France
Ferro-manganese 138 100 130 500 101 000 * 100 000 * 100 000
Ferro-silico-manganese 62 400 63 400 68 500 * 70 000 * 70 000
Ferro-silicon * 27 000 * 59 000 * 71 000 * 60 000 40 000
Silicon metal * 112 000 * 128 000 * 110 000 * 110 000 100 000
Georgia
Ferro-manganese * 4 500 * 4 500 * 4 500 * 4 500 * 4 500
Ferro-silico-manganese 203 791 242 746 257 421 253 361 244 618
Germany
Ferro-chrome * 18 300 * 18 500 * 17 800 * 17 800 * 17 800
Other ferro-alloys * 9 200 9 985 8 248 * 8 200 * 8 200
Silicon metal 30 105 30 134 28 574 30 283 28 500
Greece
Ferro-nickel 69 596 93 905 96 435 86 850 94 952
Iceland
Ferro-silicon 114 230 120 076 131 818 125 204 109 739
Italy
Ferro-manganese * 25 000 * 25 000 * 27 000 * 27 000 * 27 000
Kosovo
Ferro-nickel * 38 200 * 41 000 * 30 200 * 28 900 * 43 400
Macedonia
Ferro-silico-manganese 36 705 50 756 14 179
Ferro-nickel 14 413 17 292 19 247 20 001 18 054
Ferro-silicon 30 044 56 167 42 402 72 279 73 014
Norway
Ferro-manganese 297 300 337 900 325 900 320 000 * 285 000
Ferro-silico-manganese (a) 281 266 266 000 271 400 * 250 000 * 250 000
Ferro-silicon * 225 000 170 102 203 886 337 281 192 389
Silicon metal * 170 000 * 170 000 * 150 000 * 150 000 * 150 000
Poland
Ferro-manganese 800 800 800 820 * 820
Ferro-silico-manganese 100 400 200 100 * 100
Ferro-silicon 53 206 72 668 78 115 73 589 62 878
Other ferro-alloys 200 300 300 11 250 * 11 300
Romania
Ferro-chrome 14 353
Ferro-silico-manganese 20 605 * 30 000 * 30 000 * 30 000 * 30 000
Russia
Spiegeleisen * 7 000 * 7 000 * 7 000 * 7 000 * 7 000
Ferro-chrome 414 288 501 700 477 600 * 480 000 * 480 000
Ferro-silico-chrome 4 200 * 4 200 * 4 200 * 4 200 * 4 200
Ferro-manganese 171 000 * 170 000 * 170 000 * 170 000 * 170 000
Ferro-nickel 34 363 34 581 20 049 * 20 000 * 20 000
Ferro-silicon 916 000 1 030 000 1 042 000 * 1 050 000 * 1 050 000
Ferro-vanadium 13 507 16 683 14 381 14 059 14 076
Other ferro-alloys * 34 000 * 34 000 * 34 000 * 34 000 * 34 000
Silicon metal 48 700 * 48 700 * 48 000 * 48 000 * 48 000
Slovakia
Ferro-silico-manganese 34 960 25 036 50 089 * 50 000 29 643
Ferro-silicon 26 419 32 304 32 726 41 664 44 030
Other ferro-alloys 38 860 18 575 20 059 * 20 000 26 505
37
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Spain
Ferro-manganese 102 200 92 100 * 80 200 * 80 000 * 80 000
Ferro-silico-manganese 134 200 142 300 * 148 100 * 150 000 * 150 000
Ferro-silicon * 64 400 * 57 000 * 42 000 * 40 000 * 40 000
Silicon metal * 32 500 * 43 000 * 62 000 * 65 000 * 65 000
Sweden
Ferro-chrome 64 400 80 140 35 800 55 078 65 703
Turkey
Ferro-chrome * 50 000 * 40 000 * 40 000 * 40 000 * 40 000
Ferro-silico-chrome * 3 000 * 3 000 * 3 000 * 3 000 * 3 000
Ukraine
Ferro-manganese 285 643 187 897 163 921 88 626 104 291
Ferro-silico-manganese 1 000 329 930 337 823 131 724 892 960 657
Ferro-nickel 102 940 89 903 119 652 121 586 114 222
Ferro-silicon 253 801 186 306 150 265 191 207 167 977
Other ferro-alloys 28 546 25 126 22 115 15 908 15 326
Egypt
Ferro-silicon (b) 25 516 52 421 54 930 49 060 * 50 000
Other ferro-alloys (b) 37 194 * 30 000 * 30 000 * 30 000 * 30 000
South Africa
Ferro-chrome 3 607 132 3 421 911 3 063 257 3 219 000 * 3 000 000
Ferro-manganese * 517 000 * 696 000 * 654 000 * 650 000 * 650 000
Ferro-silico-manganese * 273 000 314 000 149 000 * 150 000 * 150 000
Ferro-silicon * 128 000 124 000 91 000 * 90 000 * 90 000
Ferro-vanadium * 19 000 * 18 000 * 16 000 * 16 000 * 16 000
Silicon metal * 46 000 59 000 * 47 000 * 50 000 * 50 000
Zimbabwe
Ferro-chrome 154 336 161 839 137 534 * 145 000 * 290 000
Canada
Ferro-niobium 6 695 7 018 7 132 7 974 * 8 000
Ferro-silicon 36 786 31 039 31 979 38 817 * 32 000
Silicon metal * 30 000 * 30 000 * 35 000 * 35 000 * 35 000
Dominican Republic
Ferro-nickel 34 576 38 433 23 419
Mexico
Ferro-manganese 81 019 73 684 61 845 60 674 67 506
USA
Ferro-silicon 246 000 * 294 000 * 294 000 * 294 000 * 294 000
Silicon metal * 143 000 * 143 000 * 143 000 * 143 000 * 143 000
Argentina
Ferro-silicon * 11 000 * 11 000 * 11 000 * 11 000 * 11 000
Brazil
Ferro-chrome 172 800 145 000 181 425 174 200 * 170 000
Ferro-silico-chrome 13 100 11 600 18 890 13 184 18 870
Ferro-silico-magnesium 33 600 20 900 21 200 * 20 000 * 20 000
Ferro-manganese 87 200 77 000 88 714 83 348 * 80 000
Ferro-silico-manganese 218 700 218 600 241 705 227 652 * 230 000
Ferro-nickel 23 800 45 600 94 400 34 500 37 200
Ferro-niobium 77 200 81 900 50 400 46 600 51 700
Ferro-silicon 247 300 210 900 203 881 158 000 230 000
Other ferro-alloys 36 650 32 700 38 784 * 40 000 * 40 000
Silicon metal 184 100 210 400 230 000 230 000 230 000
Colombia
Ferro-nickel 145 239 103 371 138 966 137 995 * 120 000
Venezuela
Ferro-manganese 5 300 12 000 * 12 000 * 12 000 * 12 000
Ferro-silico-manganese 16 500 24 000 14 200 * 14 200 * 14 000
Ferro-nickel 45 200 51 800 * 50 000 * 50 000 * 50 000
Ferro-silicon 91 000 84 700 72 300 * 74 300 * 80 000
38
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Bhutan
Ferro-silicon * 97 500 * 79 600 * 82 000 * 83 000 * 79 500
China
Ferro-alloys * 26 100 000 * 28 400 000 * 30 000 000 * 31 000 000 * 31 000 000
Silicon metal 1 142 700 1 355 300 * 1 500 000 * 1 500 000 * 1 500 000
India
Ferro-aluminium (c) 7 538 7 393 * 6 200 * 6 900 * 6 100
Ferro-chrome (c) 1 003 598 906 556 * 908 000 * 908 000 * 908 000
Ferro-silico-magnesium (c) 19 079 24 452 * 24 000 * 28 000 * 31 000
Ferro-manganese (c) 402 017 446 733 * 448 000 * 448 000 * 448 000
Ferro-silico-manganese (c) 1 242 139 1 478 403 * 1 700 000 * 1 700 000 * 1 800 000
Ferro-molybdenum (c) 3 090 4 362 * 4 400 * 5 100 * 5 600
Ferro-silicon (c) 115 164 127 092 * 130 000 * 130 000 * 130 000
Ferro-titanium (c) 2 172 2 217 * 2 300 * 3 000 * 3 000
Ferro-vanadium (c) 1 521 2 459 * 2 800 * 3 200 * 4 400
Other ferro-alloys (c) 595 730 * 730 * 730 * 730
Indonesia
Ferro-manganese * 12 000 * 12 000 * 13 000 * 13 000 * 13 000
Ferro-silico-manganese * 8 000 * 8 000 * 9 000 * 9 000 * 35 000
Ferro-nickel 93 440 98 450 91 860 91 245 84 255
Iran
Ferro-chrome (d) * 8 000 * 8 000 * 8 000 * 8 000 * 8 000
Ferro-silicon (d) * 50 000 * 50 000 * 50 000 * 50 000 * 50 000
Japan
Ferro-chrome 16 208 17 217 19 392 21 671 * 22 000
Ferro-manganese 453 265 456 798 436 171 460 936 463 345
Ferro-silico-manganese 49 865 49 798 52 287 24 741 * 25 000
Ferro-molybdenum 4 615 5 167 4 616 4 550 * 5 000
Ferro-nickel 348 420 279 944 371 913 402 768 379 291
Ferro-vanadium 4 190 3 980 4 403 4 433 * 4 000
Other ferro-alloys 16 374 20 913 19 364 19 394 * 19 000
Kazakhstan
Ferro-chrome 1 311 302 1 289 917 1 305 343 1 337 275 1 351 803
Ferro-silico-chrome 159 765 143 296 164 853 165 195 158 825
Ferro-silicon 4 813 1 683 464 470 * 470
Other ferro-alloys 1 283 1 754 1 845 646 4 130
Korea (Rep. of)
Ferro-manganese 286 259 355 047 * 355 000 * 355 000 * 355 000
Ferro-silico-manganese 120 779 195 650 * 196 000 * 196 000 * 196 000
Other ferro-alloys 4 059 4 162 * 4 200 * 4 200 * 4 200
Korea, Dem. P.R. of
Ferro-alloys * 10 000 * 13 000 * 16 000 * 21 000 * 22 000
Australia
Ferro-manganese & ferro-silico- 219 000 267 000 198 000 234 000 269 000
manganese (a)
Silicon metal * 37 000 * 34 000 * 43 000 * 52 000 * 54 000
New Caledonia
Ferro-nickel 165 506 169 513 184 476 174 078 * 238 000
Notes
(a) Sales
39
Production of kaolin tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Austria 18 914 18 897 13 497 11 558 * 11 500

Belgium * 300 000 * 300 000 * 300 000 * 300 000 * 300 000
Bulgaria * 16 832 7 700 33 900 22 600 * 32 000
Czech Republic (a) 636 000 660 000 624 000 609 000 617 000
France 350 000 310 000 308 000 * 300 000 311 000
Germany (b) 4 578 097 4 898 516 4 398 796 4 348 562 4 275 422
Greece 3 493 7 250 6 268
Italy * 180 000 * 180 000 * 180 000 * 180 000 * 180 000
Poland (c) 125 000 163 600 137 800 166 000 * 165 000
Portugal 273 890 322 041 321 689 248 008 264 872
Romania 326 32 722 30 638
Russia * 45 000 * 45 000 * 45 000 * 45 000 * 45 000
Serbia 76 197 90 472 69 487 * 70 000 * 70 000
Slovakia 4 000 3 000 6 000 6 000
Spain (c) 310 993 384 179 402 251 410 717 350 000
Turkey 787 287 1 229 352 988 081 1 027 189 734 072
Ukraine 1 085 436 1 353 555 1 217 909 1 179 380 1 426 447
United Kingdom * 1 140 000 * 1 290 000 * 1 150 000 * 1 110 000 * 1 090 000
Algeria 71 065 108 000 100 000 42 500 * 45 000

Egypt 304 200 300 000 * 300 000 * 300 000 * 300 000
Eritrea * 210 * 240 * 250 * 250 * 250
Ethiopia (d) 1 613 4 498 4 000 3 534 * 3 000
Kenya * 900 * 980 * 1 100 * 1 200 * 1 200
Madagascar 259 * 260 * 260 * 260 * 260
Nigeria * 100 000 * 100 000 * 100 000 * 100 000 * 100 000
South Africa 29 929 15 220 40 999 22 295 27 258
Sudan 32 696 15 096 11 579 * 26 000 * 30 000
Tanzania 42 649 1 177 1 422 907 3 809
Uganda 27 237 20 883 42 886 43 875 46 286
Cuba 100 3 000 4 000 3 600 1 700

Guatemala 2 143 1 620 1 866 1 339 1 285
Mexico 516 850 372 506 514 730 669 860 * 600 000
USA (e) 5 950 000 5 950 000 5 980 000 5 950 000 * 5 830 000
Argentina 78 722 54 166 66 574 * 70 000 * 65 000

Brazil (a) 1 900 000 1 927 000 2 388 000 2 139 000 1 706 000
Chile 62 226 59 912 60 429 60 000 60 000
Ecuador 41 089 95 062 42 564 100 195 40 236
Paraguay * 6 000 * 6 000 * 6 000 * 6 000 * 6 000
Peru 16 446 18 169 34 585 32 249 * 32 000
Venezuela 9 444 1 482 2 447 2 793 * 3 000
China 3 260 000 3 200 000 * 3 200 000 * 3 200 000 * 3 200 000
India (f)(g) 76 498 76 134 101 354 66 598 * 87 000
Indonesia * 170 000 * 175 000 * 180 000 * 175 000 * 175 000
Iran (h) 1 480 291 * 1 500 000 1 503 377 * 1 000 000 * 1 000 000
Iraq 2 606 *
Japan * 12 000 * 13 000 * 13 000 * 12 000 * 12 000
Jordan 114 931 89 903 76 000 * 65 000 * 65 000
Korea (Rep. of) 962 275 1 051 772 796 603 847 172 682 749
Malaysia 530 331 442 550 438 923 293 480 207 694
Pakistan (i) 22 769 16 055 21 555 22 917 16 191
Philippines 2 490 3 529 4 631 6 568 7 050
Saudi Arabia 66 166 65 000 137 000 101 000 106 000
Sri Lanka 8 207 11 157 11 805 12 990 * 13 000
Taiwan 18 097 16 936 26 376 15 963 1 808
Thailand (a) 156 827 175 881 175 464 * 175 000 * 175 000
Uzbekistan (f) * 150 000 * 150 000 * 150 000 * 150 000 * 150 000
Vietnam * 650 000 * 650 000 * 650 000 * 650 000 * 650 000
40
Production of kaolin tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Australia (i) 114 157 46 388 89 229 204 521 * 209 000
New Zealand 107 761 21 545 11 578 13 066 286 057
World total 27 100 000 28 300 000 27 600 000 26 700 000 25 900 000
Notes
(1) In addition to the countries listed, Denmark is believed to produce kaolin
(a) Beneficiated
(b) Washed and dried
(c) Washed
(d) Years ended 7 July of that stated
(e) Sold or used by producers
(f) Beneficiated; excludes directly used natural kaolin
(h) Years ended 20 March following that stated
(i) Years ended 30 June of that stated
41
Mine production of lead tonnes (metal content)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Bulgaria (a) 12 705 14 369 15 949 16 914 15 600
Greece 12 200 13 400 18 060 18 010 16 700
Ireland, Republic of 39 100 50 700 47 400 42 950 40 500
Kosovo 5 700 4 530 5 295 6 378 7 676
Macedonia 41 293 37 295 39 184 42 826 43 810
Montenegro ... ... 1 958 2 453 2 755
Poland 48 050 67 003 64 342 79 480 83 150
Portugal 87 1 496 3 192
Romania * 300 * * 5 300 * 400 *
Russia 97 000 119 000 151 000 165 000 194 000
Serbia 1 800 2 100 2 500 3 100 3 700
Slovakia 94 114 166 235 162
Spain 229 5 705 3 800 2 200 1 200
Sweden 67 697 62 028 63 551 59 556 70 848
Turkey 39 000 38 682 57 017 * 76 638 * 62 190
United Kingdom (c) * 380 (b) 280 (b) 61 (c) * 100 (c) * 100
Burkina Faso 2 160 * 4 000

Morocco 32 647 30 850 27 526 30 765 27 505
Namibia 10 140 8 330 9 270 11 224 10 081
Nigeria 3 300 9 100 11 300 11 500 11 400
South Africa 50 625 54 460 52 489 41 848 29 348
Canada 64 844 67 505 64 116 20 188 3 617

Guatemala 2 300 863 10 359
Honduras 16 954 13 100 12 400 11 600 15 500
Mexico 192 062 223 717 238 091 253 361 250 462
USA 369 000 342 000 345 000 340 000 * 355 000
Argentina 22 600 26 100 * 25 000 * 23 000 * 29 000

Bolivia 72 803 100 051 81 095 82 131 75 572
Brazil 12 832 8 545 8 922 9 124 * 10 000
Chile 695 841 410 1 829 2 678
Peru 261 990 230 199 249 236 266 472 278 487
Burma * 7 100 * 8 700 * 9 800 * 11 700 * 18 000

China 1 981 300 2 405 700 2 613 200 2 696 500 * 2 700 000
India (d) 84 442 89 699 208 653 109 948 100 823
Iran 32 000 40 000 45 000 42 000 36 000
Kazakhstan 35 000 38 800 38 000 40 800 37 800
Korea (Rep. of) 584 1 289 1 940 2 500 2 764
Korea, Dem. P.R. of * 20 000 * 28 500 * 38 000 * 59 000 * 53 000
Laos 1 355 1 361 164 1 600 100
Pakistan * 900 * 2 000 * 600 * 300 * 200
Saudi Arabia 543 396 *
Tajikistan 3 900 8 900 16 000 17 000 28 000
Vietnam * 2 300 * 3 700 * 200 * * 1 400
Australia 711 000 621 487 620 598 711 211 727 953
World total 4 400 000 4 800 000 5 200 000 5 300 000 5 400 000
Notes
(b) By-product of gold mining in Northern Ireland.
(c) By-product of fluorspar mining in England and gold mining in Northern Ireland
42
Production of refined lead tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Austria 25 500 26 200 24 504 38 786 37 122

Belgium 121 000 119 000 119 000 129 429 133 252
Bulgaria 98 000 90 000 85 000 90 000 92 000
Czech Republic 36 000 38 000 41 000 42 000 44 000
Estonia 7 200 7 800 8 046 7 581 8 588
France 71 000 80 000 83 000 71 000 72 000
Germany 405 400 429 100 423 000 400 000 408 000
Greece * 11 000 * 7 000 * 6 000 * 6 000 * 6 000
Italy 150 000 149 500 138 400 151 000 160 000
Netherlands 27 000 27 000 27 000 27 000 31 000
Poland 120 300 121 500 141 000 145 400 149 000
Portugal 9 000 6 000 5 000 4 000 5 000
Romania 11 263 6 747 14 668 14 000 12 000
Russia 96 000 103 000 107 000 103 000 108 000
Slovenia 14 000 15 000 14 000 12 000 11 000
Spain 165 000 177 000 160 000 157 000 166 000
Sweden 59 179 52 438 61 528 68 713 68 708
Turkey * 42 000 * 48 000 * 50 000 * 50 000 * 55 000
Ukraine 71 500 55 300 43 200 48 800 32 000
United Kingdom 301 000 275 000 311 930 329 200 267 000
Algeria 11 000 10 000 6 000 9 000 9 000

Ghana (a) * 2 000 2 403 2 961 3 076 2 817
Kenya * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 200 * 1 000
Morocco 38 237 36 469 15 600 * 14 000 * 15 000
Mozambique 800 900 1 500 1 900 2 310
Nigeria 11 000 9 000 15 000 * 14 000 14 000
Senegal (a) * 2 000 2 383 3 366 2 607 2 187
South Africa 51 000 56 000 54 000 52 000 52 000
Tunisia * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 000
Uganda * 800 * 800 * 800 * 800 * 800
Zambia * 2 000 * 3 000 * 2 000 * 2 000 * 2 000
Canada 272 937 282 589 279 150 284 351 281 456
Costa Rica 4 000 4 000 7 000 10 000
Dominican Republic 2 000 5 000 7 000 10 000
Guatemala * 18 000 * 18 000 * 17 000 * 17 000 * 15 000
Honduras 956 5 000
Mexico 257 200 281 700 279 100 271 200 313 500
USA (b) 1 255 000 1 248 000 1 221 000 1 264 000 * 1 120 000
Argentina 77 200 84 600 * 90 300 * 91 000 * 79 500

Bolivia 500 500 500 1 924
Brazil 172 000 184 000 188 000 182 000 190 000
Chile 8 000 9 000 14 000 12 000
Colombia * 42 000 * 42 000 * 42 000 * 42 000 * 42 000
Peru * * 5 000 62 900 54 550
Venezuela * 31 000 * 26 000 * 25 000 * 22 000 * 20 000
Burma * 200 * 200 * 200 * 200 * 200

China 4 157 500 4 603 600 4 590 900 4 935 100 4 740 000
India 367 000 419 000 460 100 463 000 477 000
Indonesia * 45 000 * 47 000 * 45 000 * 42 000 * 46 000
Iran 75 000 82 000 81 000 76 000 70 000
Israel 26 000 26 000 25 000 25 000 25 000
Japan 267 206 252 562 258 527 251 854 * 246 000
Kazakhstan 103 400 111 518 88 099 91 072 127 064
Korea (Rep. of) 327 900 416 900 460 000 427 700 300 000
Korea, Dem. P.R. of * 3 000 * 3 000 * 3 000 * 3 000 * 3 000
Lebanon * 7 200 * 7 200 * 7 200 * 7 200 * 7 200
Malaysia 26 000 44 000 32 100 32 000 28 000
Pakistan (c) 1 545 1 569 1 414 2 527 2 549
Philippines * 30 000 * 34 000 * 32 000 * 32 000 * 30 000
Saudi Arabia * 39 000 * 35 000 * 39 000 * 40 000 * 40 000
Sri Lanka (a) 1 000 2 138 3 762 4 803 4 528
Taiwan 35 000 36 000 35 000 34 000 34 000
43
Production of refined lead tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Thailand 55 504 42 223 86 507 87 385 79 250

United Arab Emirates * 2 000 * 2 000 * 2 000 * 2 000 * 2 000
Australia 218 000 232 000 207 000 232 000 226 000
New Zealand * 11 000 * 13 000 * 3 000
World total 9 900 000 10 600 000 10 600 000 11 100 000 10 600 000
Notes
(1) Figures relate to both primary and secondary refined lead and include the lead content of antimonial lead

(b) Excluding lead content of primary antimonial lead
(c) Years ended 30 June of that stated
Production of lithium minerals tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Portugal
Lepidolite 40 109 37 534 20 698 19 940 17 459
Spain
Lepidolite 7 824
Zimbabwe 42 000 44 000 47 000 44 000 44 000
Canada * * * * 108
USA (a) * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 000 870 * 900
Argentina (b)(c) 17 822 14 017 13 942 * 13 200 * 16 000

Brazil
Spodumene 15 733 7 820 7 084 7 982 * 8 000
Chile (d) 52 851 69 597 71 594 60 646 62 253
China * 55 000 * 58 000 * 60 000 * 61 000 * 61 000
Australia
Spodumene 303 729 421 228 452 921 * 363 000 * 444 000
World total (Li content) 22 600 27 000 27 800 23 800 26 100
Notes
(1) In addition to the countries listed, Russia has also produced lithium minerals in the past.
(a) Li content
(b) Chloride
(c) Carbonate
(d) Carbonate, hydroxide and chloride
44
Production of magnesite tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Austria 757 063 867 912 778 810 714 422 754 096
Greece 396 497 393 880 349 998 314 770 391 140
Netherlands (a) 236 053 274 877 290 873 249 568 285 907
Poland 63 000 75 350 83 860 97 000 92 000
Russia * 2 600 000 * 2 600 000 * 2 600 000 * 2 600 000 * 2 600 000
Slovakia 650 100 751 700 618 400 584 000 557 100
Spain 462 959 577 725 649 977 836 269 840 000
Turkey 2 316 763 2 588 276 2 475 828 2 597 465 * 2 600 000
South Africa 27 700 31 900 * 30 000 * 30 000 * 30 000

Zimbabwe 169 * *
Canada (b) * 150 000 * 150 000 * 150 000 * 150 000 * 150 000
Guatemala 311 27 132 17 196 24 268
Mexico 100 724 101 000 * 100 000
Brazil (c) 483 882 476 805 479 304 557 431 * 550 000
Colombia * * 1 774 * 1 750
China 28 410 000 33 010 000 * 35 000 000 * 37 000 000 * 37 000 000
India (d) 235 762 224 104 224 315 195 105 304 670
Iran (e) 126 702 172 697 * 170 000 181 391 * 185 000
Israel (f) 135 930 126 988 105 610 91 040 135 966
Korea, Dem. P.R. of * 150 000 * 254 000 * 178 000 * 180 000 * 180 000
Nepal 225
Pakistan (g) 5 159 4 908 5 444 6 705 3 725
Philippines 4 186 4 784 4 822 5 998 * 6 000
Saudi Arabia 159 000 254 000 235 000 286 000
Australia (g) 301 142 671 073 614 139 522 187 611 547
World total 37 500 000 43 400 000 45 200 000 47 300 000 47 700 000
Notes
(1) In addition to the countries listed, Bulgaria is believed to produce magnesite
(a) Chloride produced from solution mining

(b) Officially described as magnesitic dolomite and brucite
(c) Including beneficiated and directly shipped material
(f) Magnesium chloride
(g) Years ended 30 June of that stated
45
Production of primary magnesium metal tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Russia 15 461 13 517 13 798 13 970 13 744

Ukraine * 2 000 * 2 000 * 2 000 * 2 000 * 2 000
USA * 40 000 * 40 000 * 40 000 * 40 000 * 40 000
Brazil * 5 000 * 5 000 * 5 000 * 5 000 4 933
China 650 800 674 900 698 300 769 700 873 900
India * 200 * 200 * 200 * 200 * 200
Israel 23 309 26 284 27 292 27 399 26 000
Kazakhstan (a) * 21 000 * 21 000 * 21 000 * 20 000 * 20 000
Korea (Rep. of) * 2 500 * 7 500 * 10 000
Malaysia 100 600 650 650 2 950
Oman 41 300 37 500 49 000 37 500
Notes
(a) Not marketed as metal but used in titanium production
46
Production of manganese ore tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Bulgaria 106 000 85 600 39 100 103 600 * 75 000

Georgia (a) * 370 000 * 370 000 * 370 000 * 370 000 * 370 000
Hungary 55 000 58 000 51 000 35 000 51 000
Romania 13 120 3 180 8 993 21 300 12 662
Russia ... 2 600 8 200 *
Turkey 134 336 172 480 192 756 321 785 * 320 000
Ukraine (a) 1 589 000 1 391 228 1 234 007 1 524 696 1 526 218
Burkina Faso 57 355 49 715

Egypt (b) 37 194 62 388 * 40 000 31 325 * 30 000
Gabon 3 200 570 3 831 215 3 363 170 4 091 399 * 4 000 000
Ghana 1 194 074 1 827 692 1 490 634 1 997 911 1 353 486
Ivory Coast 87 400 43 600 100 400 * 100 000 * 100 000
Morocco 75 614 58 000 90 200 111 000 91 271
Namibia 35 728 41 876 * 42 000 133 473 100 597
South Africa
Metallurgical 7 156 338 8 635 863 8 931 472 * 10 930 000 * 13 830 000
Chemical 15 407 15 979 11 943 * 22 000 * 27 000
Sudan 3 250 * 3 500
Mexico 466 649 437 264 510 942 580 309 652 465
Brazil 3 125 000 2 738 000 2 796 000 2 833 000 2 498 220
Burma * 754 000 * 586 000 * 286 000 * 394 000 * 242 000
China * 13 000 000 * 14 000 000 * 14 500 000 * 15 500 000 * 16 000 000
India (c) 3 056 385 2 411 871 2 342 169 2 588 313 2 166 340
Iran (d) 131 561 194 428 172 560 163 367 * 165 000
Kazakhstan 3 045 000 2 963 000 2 975 000 2 852 100 2 608 800
Malaysia 899 703 597 917 1 099 585 1 125 127 835 429
Thailand 50 450 398 8 151 14 320 14 330
Vietnam * 82 700 * 64 600 * 15 800 * 9 700 * 800
Australia 6 474 000 6 960 769 7 178 975 7 425 985 7 587 207
World total 45 200 000 47 600 000 47 900 000 53 300 000 54 700 000
Notes
(1) In addition to the countries listed, Colombia and Cuba may produce manganese ore
(a) Marketable
(b) Fiscal years ending 30 June of that stated
47
Production of mercury kilograms
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Finland 9 000 5 000

Russia * 50 000 * 50 000 * 50 000 * 50 000 * 50 000
Morocco * 20 000 * 20 000 * 20 000 * 20 000 * 20 000
Mexico (a) * 11 000 * 120 300 * 235 300 * 266 200 * 300 900
USA * 15 000 * 15 000 * 15 000 * 15 000 * 15 000
Argentina 32 000 31 000 37 000 28 000 * 25 000

Chile (b) * 176 000 (a)* 89 200 (a)* 48 600 (a)* 19 300 * 20 000
China 1 585 000 1 493 000 1 347 000 1 822 000 2 260 000
Kyrgyzstan 99 000 112 000 74 000 * 75 000 46 000
Tajikistan 88 000 100 000 103 000 130 000 * 130 000
World total 2 100 000 2 000 000 1 900 000 2 400 000 2 900 000
Notes
(1) Several countries are believed to have unrecorded production of mercury from copper electrowinning processes and by recovery from
effluents
(a) BGS estimates based on net exports

(b) From copper solvent extraction and electrowinning processes
48
Production of mica tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Finland 13 809 12 896 12 112 11 244 11 973

France (a) * 19 000 * 19 000 * 18 000 * 19 700 * 20 200
Russia * 9 000 * 9 000 * 9 000 * 9 000 * 9 000
Spain (a) 4 034 3 609 3 518 3 462 3 500
Turkey 36 009 17 542 1 253 2 304 * 2 300
Egypt * 50 * 50 * 50 * 50 * 50
Madagascar 2 069 3 411 12 352 * 9 800 * 12 300
South Africa 904 633 400 309 83
Sudan 10 378 324 500 * 500
Canada * 19 000 * 21 000 * 22 000 * 22 000 * 16 000

Mexico 160 160 160 * 160
USA (a)(b) 56 100 52 000 47 500 48 100 * 49 500
Argentina 9 638 10 226 5 785 * 6 000 * 6 000

Brazil 4 709 6 193 5 220 9 728 * 10 000
China (c) * 126 000 * 132 000 * 149 000 * 161 000 * 159 000
India (d) 1 333 1 899 1 256 1 610 * 800
Iran (e) 2 860 7 130 * 7 000 5 635 * 5 600
Korea (Rep. of) (f) 36 486 31 260 25 594 25 143 24 205
Malaysia (g) 4 515 4 245 3 967 4 363 5 659
Sri Lanka 2 095 2 927 1 260 1 493 * 1 500
Taiwan 1 455 6 844 8 931 5 016
World total 348 000 337 000 333 000 351 000 343 000
Notes
(1) In addition to the countries listed, Romania is believed to produce mica
(a) Including mica recovered from mica schists and/or kaolin beneficiation
(b) Sold or used by producers
(c) Conservative BGS estimates, based on exports
(f) Mainly sericite
(g) Sericite
49
Mine production of molybdenum tonnes (metal content)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Armenia 4 377 4 822 5 446 5 934 6 022

Norway ... ... 4 8 2
Russia 4 495 4 842 4 838 3 605 * 3 600
Turkey 3 1 *1
Canada 8 648 8 674 8 954 8 952 9 053

Mexico 10 849 10 787 11 366 12 562 14 370
USA 59 400 63 700 60 400 60 700 * 65 500
Argentina 468 1 708 4 850 3 829 1 907

Brazil 337 263 185 * 200 * 200
Chile 37 044 40 698 35 090 38 715 48 770
Peru 16 963 19 141 16 790 18 140 17 000
China 96 615 103 320 120 870 122 265 * 123 000
Iran (a) 3 676 3 365 3 512 3 470 * 3 500
Mongolia 2 198 1 957 1 904 1 819 * 1 800
World total 245 000 263 000 274 000 280 000 295 000
Notes
(1) In addition to the countries listed, Australia, Georgia, India, Democratic P.R. of Korea, Romania and Tajikistan are believed to produce
molybdenum
Production of nepheline syenite tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Norway 327 000 330 000 320 000 320 000 331 000
Russia
Nepheline syenite 4 900 000 4 608 000 4 947 000 4 662 000 4 396 000
Nepheline concentrates 1 000 000 997 000 1 056 700 990 600 1 700 000
Canada 581 000 610 000 592 000 674 000 670 000
50
Mine production of nickel tonnes (metal content)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Albania 1 954 914 750 2 151 4 791

Finland 12 100 18 244 19 073 18 560 19 700
Greece 16 100 21 700 21 600 19 100 21 400
Kosovo 9 100 7 728 4 436 7 607 6 724
Macedonia * 1 800 * 3 600 * 1 700
Norway 348 339 351 296 290
Poland 570 850 840 570 780
Russia 270 000 270 000 268 700 264 000 264 000
Spain 6 296 2 398 7 574 8 631
Turkey 2 539 848 3 805 1 076 2 400
Botswana 24 931 15 675 17 948 22 848 14 958

Madagascar 5 695 25 148 37 053
Morocco 317 217 288 175 * 200
South Africa (a) 39 960 43 321 45 945 51 208 54 956
Zambia 2 809 2 869
Zimbabwe 6 133 7 992 7 899 12 962 16 633
Canada 160 063 219 025 211 701 223 295 234 951
Cuba 65 400 68 600 64 600 * 66 000 * 50 000
Dominican Republic 13 528 15 186 9 355
Guatemala * 3 250 * 12 100 * 48 400
USA 4 093
Brazil 54 100 74 600 89 600 77 400 85 600

Colombia 49 433 37 800 51 595 49 369 41 221
Venezuela 12 063 13 400 8 100 2 500
Burma * * * * 2 000 * 21 000

China 79 800 89 800 93 300 93 200 90 000
Indonesia 305 200 552 300 720 000 869 300 215 700
Philippines 184 330 319 354 317 621 315 633 363 352
Vietnam 1 166 6 854
Australia 168 500 215 014 243 597 280 584 244 689
New Caledonia 131 309 128 732 131 693 164 406 178 080
Papua New Guinea 9 516 12 918 17 685
World total 1 605 000 2 126 000 2 361 000 2 610 000 2 057 000
Notes
(a) Includes metal and metal content of sulphate and concentrates
51
Smelter/refinery production of nickel tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Austria * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 000

Finland 49 772 49 823 46 275 44 498 42 750
France 12 900 13 700 13 200 12 100 8 400
Greece 13 960 18 530 18 630 16 800 18 481
Kosovo 7 200 7 500 4 400 7 600 6 700
Macedonia 14 400 17 300 19 200 20 000 18 100
Norway 92 185 92 427 91 687 91 017 90 526
Poland 600 900 800 600 800
Russia 262 300 263 000 254 000 242 000 239 400
Ukraine 21 900 17 100 20 800 21 200 18 600
United Kingdom 31 600 37 400 34 300 40 400 39 100
Madagascar 5 695 25 148 37 053

Morocco * 300 * 200 * 300 * 200 * 200
South Africa 34 700 35 900 32 900 32 200 34 100
Zimbabwe 4 000 3 700 1 800 2 800 4 600
Canada 105 413 142 445 139 800 137 410 115 493
Cuba 33 972 34 572 34 263 33 542 32 909
Dominican Republic 13 528 15 186 9 355
Guatemala 3 700
Brazil 41 900 43 271 59 779 56 500 78 600

Colombia 49 443 37 817 51 595 49 369 41 221
Venezuela 11 700 13 400 8 100 5 200 2 500
Burma 2 000 21 000

China 332 300 435 200 519 200 693 500 * 700 000
Indonesia 18 688 19 690 18 372 21 200 21 900
Japan 166 100 156 900 169 600 177 810 177 782
Korea (Rep. of) 21 173 17 708 19 870 23 325 15 972
Australia 101 600 110 213 128 756 141 519 114 143
New Caledonia 39 802 40 513 45 383 48 370 62 049
World total 1 469 000 1 624 000 1 755 000 1 957 000 1 947 000
Notes
(1) Data relate to refined nickel plus the nickel content of ferro-nickel, nickel oxide and nickel salts
(2) In addition to the countries listed, the USA produces some nickel as a refinery by-product
52
Production of perlite tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Armenia 95 229 181 53 14

Bulgaria 3 700 *
Greece 790 000 800 000 870 000 890 000 985 000
Hungary 70 990 70 900 72 364 64 944 * 65 000
Italy * 60 000 * 60 000 * 60 000 * 60 000 * 60 000
Russia * 45 000 * 45 000 * 45 000 * 45 000 * 45 000
Slovakia 23 000 23 000 24 000 16 000 17 000
Turkey 545 585 702 673 887 600 1 075 949 * 1 100 000
Ukraine * 36 000 * 36 000 * 36 000 * 36 000 * 36 000
South Africa * 400 * 400 * 400 * 400 * 400
Mexico 31 779 30 750 29 950 27 200 27 000

USA 414 000 420 000 393 000 419 000 * 440 000
Argentina 27 182 27 446 24 663 * 25 000 * 25 000

Chile 4 800 800
China * 700 000 * 700 000 * 700 000 * 700 000 * 700 000
Iran (a) 547 617 * 500 000 836 928 1 120 951 * 1 100 000
Japan * 210 000 * 200 000 * 200 000 * 190 000 * 200 000
Philippines 10 500 13 800 9 221 14 249 17 134
Thailand 14 700 26 500 41 400 14 293 54 100
Australia (b) 6 616 2 362 940 1 300

New Zealand 5 088 3 598
Notes
(1) In addition to the countries listed, Algeria, Canada, Djibuti, Georgia, Iceland, Morocco and Mozambique are believed to produce perlite

53
Production of crude petroleum tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Albania 742 012 894 530 1 029 319 1 203 638 1 342 451
Austria 875 969 838 052 837 561 847 952 883 016
Azerbaijan 48 580 900 43 195 200 43 000 000 43 200 000 39 284 500
Belarus 1 700 140 1 681 470 1 660 000 1 645 000 1 645 000
Bulgaria 22 400 21 400 23 600 27 400 * 26 100
Croatia 748 791 664 440 620 835 620 795 558 327
Czech Republic 173 000 163 000 150 000 152 000 147 000
Denmark 12 090 000 10 909 000 9 968 000 8 657 000 8 159 150
Estonia (a) 2 080 000 2 173 132 2 180 313 2 379 253 2 359 463
France 896 000 895 000 806 500 793 000 * 800 000
Georgia 50 413 48 942 42 194 47 863 41 334
Germany 2 511 174 2 677 136 2 633 000 2 638 379 2 429 789
Greece 86 000 87 126 83 143 62 233 59 743
Hungary 735 900 657 000 700 931 626 890 * 600 000
Italy 5 080 498 5 286 042 5 376 629 5 480 000 5 750 000
Lithuania 114 464 113 895 101 644 86 054 80 862
Netherlands 1 414 000 1 464 000 1 467 000 1 519 000 1 900 000
Norway 105 146 000 100 343 000 94 497 000 90 387 000 93 294 000
Poland 686 487 618 163 677 664 960 672 984 216
Romania 4 172 411 4 081 979 3 992 011 3 994 122 3 922 784
Russia 505 000 000 509 000 000 517 000 000 523 000 000 525 000 000
Serbia 865 499 1 020 490 1 124 794 1 163 988 1 112 303
Slovakia 16 000 18 000 14 000 13 000 13 000
Slovenia 233 263 279 298 366
Spain 121 528 99 925 143 526 367 569 305 263
Turkey 2 602 114 * 2 600 000 2 957 000 2 508 894 2 373 000
Ukraine 3 549 000 3 363 000 3 345 000 3 071 000 2 739 000
United Kingdom 62 962 000 51 972 000 44 560 000 40 646 000 39 550 000
Algeria 75 500 000 74 300 000 67 200 000 68 900 000 66 000 000
Angola 90 500 000 83 800 000 86 900 000 87 300 000 83 000 000
Cameroon 3 200 000 3 200 000 3 200 000 3 100 000 4 000 000
Chad 6 400 000 6 000 000 5 300 000 4 400 000 4 100 000
Congo 15 581 948 14 828 348 13 250 062 13 324 007 12 594 591
Congo, Democratic Republic 1 050 000 1 010 000 1 173 020 1 146 380 1 146 920
Egypt 35 000 000 34 600 000 34 700 000 34 500 000 34 700 000
Equatorial Guinea 13 600 000 12 500 000 14 900 000 14 600 000 13 100 000
Gabon 12 431 000 12 170 000 12 300 000 11 800 000 10 900 000
Ghana 361 000 3 833 000 3 928 000 4 905 000 5 261 000
Ivory Coast 2 197 000 1 984 000 1 898 902 1 853 809 1 803 706
Libya 77 600 000 22 500 000 71 100 000 46 400 000 23 300 000
Mauritania 412 000 385 000 327 000 336 000 299 000
Morocco 20 667 9 620 7 000 6 000 * 6 000
Niger 350 000 995 700 995 000 995 000
Nigeria 117 200 000 117 400 000 116 200 000 111 300 000 113 500 000
Senegal 53 800 54 500 7 700 15 800 30 100
South Africa 316 000 179 000 137 000 79 000 88 803
South Sudan (b) 1 500 000 4 900 000 7 800 000
Sudan 22 800 000 (b) 14 300 000 5 100 000 5 700 000 5 400 000
Tunisia 3 731 400 3 203 300 3 160 400 2 807 400 2 549 100
Barbados 42 069 40 179 37 369 34 923 32 161

Canada 141 600 000 150 200 000 161 000 000 172 600 000 186 200 000
Cuba 3 024 800 3 011 700 2 998 900 2 897 100 2 829 900
Guatemala 605 100 554 100 537 620 505 573 508 862
Mexico 152 670 000 151 842 000 150 601 000 148 998 583 144 138 810
Trinidad & Tobago 5 061 410 4 736 250 4 222 897 3 828 769 4 186 422
USA 346 357 633 359 501 561 408 705 215 462 734 955 535 731 527
Argentina 31 298 178 29 439 986 29 284 559 28 585 384 28 585 385
Bolivia 1 599 700 1 644 800 1 925 800 2 922 000 3 143 275
Brazil 110 600 000 113 400 000 111 470 000 109 360 000 121 372 585
Chile 217 750 246 810 321 305 357 838 397 268
Colombia 38 990 438 45 433 683 46 866 079 49 742 675 49 430 000
Ecuador 24 810 000 25 498 000 25 696 000 26 869 791 29 800 000
Peru 7 753 000 7 533 000 7 494 774 8 278 655 * 8 500 000
Suriname 953 300 966 300 958 219 964 672 988 869
Venezuela 142 500 000 139 600 000 139 700 000 135 100 000 139 500 000
54
Production of crude petroleum tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Afghanistan * 3 000 * 3 000 * 3 000 4 507 5 080

Bahrain (c) 2 201 000 2 778 000 2 939 000 3 068 000 3 115 000
Brunei 8 448 000 8 248 000 7 955 925 6 733 840 6 217 262
Burma (e) 958 000 935 000 875 000 863 000 826 000
China (f) 202 414 000 202 875 500 207 478 000 209 919 000 211 429 200
East Timor (d) 2 760 000 (c) 3 095 000 (c) 3 661 000 (c) 2 519 000 (c) 1 467 000
India (e) 37 712 000 38 090 000 37 862 000 37 778 000 37 410 000
Indonesia 47 245 000 45 105 000 43 105 000 41 210 000 39 719 000
Iran 207 100 000 205 800 000 177 100 000 165 800 000 169 200 000
Iraq 120 400 000 136 900 000 152 400 000 153 200 000 160 300 000
Israel 1 791 4 638 30 690 52 259 60 010
Japan 796 000 759 000 724 000 627 000 588 000
Jordan 1 200 900 1 100 * 1 100 * 1 100
Kazakhstan 79 684 000 160 121 800 79 225 000 81 731 400 80 825 600
Kuwait (g) 122 500 000 139 700 000 153 700 000 151 300 000 150 800 000
Kyrgyzstan 82 800 90 300 83 600 83 500 82 900
Malaysia 30 500 000 27 200 000 28 000 000 27 500 000 28 500 000
Mongolia 300 000 351 000 500 137 705 488 * 705 500
Oman 43 100 000 44 100 000 45 803 815 46 902 251 46 200 000
Pakistan (h) 3 160 800 3 205 500 3 276 442 3 735 038 4 237 286
Philippines 1 092 000 1 016 000 876 596 * 877 000 * 877 000
Qatar 65 700 000 78 200 000 83 300 000 84 200 000 83 500 000
Saudi Arabia (g) 466 600 000 525 800 000 547 000 000 542 300 000 543 400 000
Syria 19 100 000 16 500 000 8 500 000 2 800 000 1 600 000
Taiwan 14 477 11 344 11 379 10 511 9 320
Tajikistan 27 000 28 300 29 800 27 300 24 500
Thailand 13 000 000 12 100 000 16 200 000 16 600 000 16 300 000
Turkmenistan 10 700 000 10 700 000 11 000 000 11 400 000 11 800 000
United Arab Emirates 130 800 000 151 300 000 154 700 000 165 700 000 167 300 000
Uzbekistan 3 600 000 3 600 000 3 200 000 2 900 000 3 100 000
Vietnam (c) 15 562 700 15 769 100 17 305 300 17 390 000 16 210 700
Yemen, Republic of 14 300 000 11 200 000 8 800 000 6 900 000 6 600 000
Australia 24 796 000 21 967 000 21 821 000 18 534 000 19 750 000
New Zealand (c) 2 466 000 2 121 860 1 864 190 1 603 420 1 785 700
Papua New Guinea 1 683 000 1 424 000 1 346 000 1 399 000 * 1 300 000
World total 3 928 000 000 4 056 000 000 4 095 000 000 4 115 000 000 4 197 000 000
Notes
(1) The figures shown in this table include natural gas liquids
(a) From oil shale

(b) Sudan and South Sudan separated on 9 July 2011
(c) Including natural gas liquids
(d) Entirely natural gas liquids
(f) Including oil from shale and coal
(g) Including shares of production from the Neutral Zone
55
Production of natural gas million m3
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Albania 2 1 18 19 33
Austria 1 713 1 591 1 729 1 359 1 245
Azerbaijan 16 673 16 361 17 242 17 895 18 727
Belarus 213 222 218 228 222
Bulgaria 74 443 390 282 181
Croatia 2 727 2 471 2 013 1 862 1 804
Czech Republic 201 187 204 207 198
Denmark 7 792 6 262 5 480 4 566 4 502
France 736 623 538 340 28
Georgia 8 6 5 5 10
Germany 13 666 12 952 11 706 10 678 10 060
Greece 7 6 6 5 *5
Hungary 2 600 2 315 2 205 2 028 2 055
Ireland, Republic of (a) 402 357 381 343 354
Italy 7 900 8 300 8 540 7 710 7 280
Netherlands 83 944 76 429 76 020 81 479 66 324
Norway 107 800 101 697 114 918 108 746 108 820
Poland 5 666 5 825 5 783 5 790 5 660
Romania 11 138 11 164 11 095 11 135 11 345
Russia 649 000 669 000 653 000 668 000 639 000
Serbia 423 616 672 660 631
Slovakia 106 106 93 91 87
Slovenia 7 2 2 3 3
Spain 58 58 65 62 20
Turkey 626 536 547 562 * 550
Ukraine 20 382 20 646 20 491 21 313 20 052
United Kingdom 59 707 47 733 41 054 38 475 38 517
Algeria 80 400 82 700 81 500 81 500 83 300

Angola 710 730 740 860 * 750
Congo 934 1 161 1 161 1 740 * 1 750
Egypt 61 300 61 400 60 900 56 100 48 700
Equatorial Guinea 6 540 6 880 6 811 * 6 600 * 6 900
Gabon (b) 85 57 396 * 396 * 400
Ivory Coast 1 580 1 560 1 700 1 700 * 1 700
Libya 16 800 7 900 12 200 11 000 12 200
Morocco 50 56 76 92 * 92
Mozambique 3 114 3 823 3 851 4 304 * 4 400
Nigeria 36 600 39 900 43 300 36 200 38 600
South Africa 1 600 1 400 1 186 838 849
Tunisia 3 402 2 935 2 826 2 890 2 585
Barbados 19 20 23 22 21
Canada 151 478 148 203 144 441 145 367 151 693
Cuba 1 073 1 020 1 035 1 066 1 200
Mexico 57 600 58 300 57 200 58 200 58 100
Trinidad & Tobago 44 624 42 883 42 604 42 831 42 055
USA (b) 603 596 648 506 680 538 689 062 728 253
Argentina 47 097 45 524 44 124 41 708 41 484

Bolivia 14 923 15 790 18 300 20 800 21 954
Brazil 16 152 18 280 20 845 24 290 24 536
Chile 1 792 1 440 1 207 893 907
Colombia 10 599 10 810 10 897 12 930 11 800
Ecuador 340 224 510 514 510
Peru 7 149 12 034 12 527 12 921 12 900
Venezuela 30 200 31 200 32 800 28 400 28 600
Afghanistan 142 144 119 159 141

Bahrain 15 762 15 634 16 755 19 241 20 627
Bangladesh (c) 19 919 20 075 21 056 22 670 23 232
Brunei 12 283 12 797 12 565 12 206 11 852
Burma (d) 12 746 12 888 13 217 13 648 18 492
China 95 791 105 337 110 608 120 860 130 157
East Timor 5 120 5 416 5 192 5 906 5 285
India (d) 52 222 47 559 40 679 34 412 32 693
Indonesia 86 342 81 896 77 972 73 485 74 133
Iran 146 200 151 800 165 600 164 000 172 600
56
Production of natural gas million m3
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Iraq 1 300 900 700 1 200 1 300

Israel 3 234 4 320 2 558 6 492 7 676
Japan 3 396 3 298 3 276 2 995 2 822
Jordan 185 179 162 * 150 * 150
Kazakhstan 74 812 39 531 40 299 41 912 43 177
Kuwait (e) 11 600 13 500 15 500 16 300 16 400
Kyrgyzstan 23 27 29 33 34
Malaysia 61 250 61 260 62 050 64 780 65 660
Oman 29 279 30 848 37 919 34 723 29 000
Pakistan (c) 41 995 41 676 44 145 42 646 42 302
Philippines 3 683 3 976 3 905 3 511 3 693
Qatar 126 300 161 100 170 500 176 500 177 200
Saudi Arabia (e) 87 700 92 300 99 300 100 000 108 200
Syria 7 700 8 300 5 300 4 300 3 900
Taiwan 290 330 442 381 387
Tajikistan 23 15 7 2 3
Thailand 29 565 29 041 * 41 400 41 800 42 100
Turkmenistan 42 400 59 500 62 300 62 300 69 300
United Arab Emirates 60 500 52 300 54 300 56 000 57 800
Uzbekistan 59 600 49 100 56 900 56 900 57 300
Vietnam 9 402 8 480 9 355 9 751 10 210
Yemen, Republic of 6 200 9 400 7 600 10 300 9 600
Australia 52 081 53 925 59 732 61 241 64 220

New Zealand 4 420 3 995 4 277 4 526 5 040
Papua New Guinea 151 158 149 156 * 160
World total 3 357 000 3 412 000 3 504 000 3 533 000 3 571 000
Notes
(1) So far as possible the figures in this table exclude flared or reinjected gas
(a) Sales
(b) Dry gas
(e) Including one-half of the output of the Neutral Zone
57
Production of phosphate rock tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Finland 817 289 869 694 858 005 877 189 946 234
Russia 10 300 000 9 800 000 10 017 000 10 500 000 * 10 500 000
Algeria 1 525 234 1 281 100 1 250 300 1 150 000 1 127 190
Burkina Faso 2 400 2 400 2 688 1 414 1 832
Egypt (a) 3 021 335 4 746 000 6 236 000 5 922 000 * 6 000 000
Malawi 12 403 * 12 000 * 12 000
Mali * 1 600 * 18 000 * 7 500 * 7 500 * 20 000
Morocco 26 603 000 28 052 000 27 000 000 26 400 000 32 200 000
Senegal 976 200 1 411 000 1 380 900 882 400 806 200
South Africa 2 493 904 2 564 820 2 242 213 2 131 854 2 011 151
Tanzania 17 180 10 125 19 984 23 020 * 23 000
Togo 695 123 865 616 1 100 000 1 213 657 1 085 546
Tunisia 8 148 500 2 479 400 2 762 300 3 283 500 3 784 000
Zimbabwe 56 656 46 047 34 600 17 900 * 10 000
Canada 826 858 851 308 516 000 316 000

Cuba 6 200 6 000 1 700 3 000 1 300
Mexico 1 507 402 1 690 606 1 724 662 2 391 451 1 663 059
USA 25 800 000 28 100 000 30 100 000 31 200 000 * 27 100 000
Brazil (b) 6 192 000 6 738 000 6 740 000 6 715 000 5 997 600
Chile
Phosphate rock 50 528 15 929 15 601 14 956 22 859
Guano 845 1 625 1 266 2 915 11 415
Colombia * 50 000 * 50 000 54 000 49 400 30 396
Peru 1 134 086 8 889 295 10 345 925 14 842 307 10 884 269
Venezuela 85 240 167 741 151 539 98 458 35 820
China 68 070 000 81 223 000 95 296 000 108 510 000 120 438 000
Christmas Island (a)(c)(d) 566 645 616 000 653 000 672 000 575 000
India (e) 2 097 490 2 259 726 1 941 158 1 383 998 1 011 250
Iran * 62 000 98 081 33 333 39 243 * 40 000
Iraq 55 000 52 720 100 000 140 000 * 140 000
Israel 2 777 200 3 021 955 2 488 496 2 539 166 2 778 715
Jordan 6 528 708 7 594 000 6 383 000 5 398 600 6 000 000
Kazakhstan 1 755 000 1 716 200 1 868 200 1 831 800 * 1 830 000
Korea, Dem. P.R. of * 100 000 * 100 000 * 100 000 * 100 000 * 100 000
Pakistan (a) 47 385 30 950 69 400 104 961 87 806
Philippines
Phosphate Rock 2 308 2 778 2 952 3 478 3 897
Guano 272 310 331 443 409
Saudi Arabia 1 534 000 1 820 000 1 911 000
Sri Lanka 47 778 58 254 47 558 51 325 * 51 000
Syria 3 764 900 3 541 900 1 780 300 897 600 * 400 000
Thailand 35 783 3 300 1 990 350 500
Uzbekistan 657 900 652 600 664 300 700 000 * 700 000
Vietnam 2 324 500 2 395 300 2 363 800 2 656 100 2 470 900
Australia (a) 2 135 801 2 388 038 884 643 2 064 291 1 950 050
Nauru (d) 407 654 436 563 521 491 347 184 153 418
World total 182 000 000 205 000 000 219 000 000 237 000 000 245 000 000
Notes
(1) In addition to the countries listed, Indonesia and Nigeria are believed to produce phosphate rock

(c) Including phosphate dust
(d) Exports
58
Mine production of platinum group metals kilograms (metal content)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Finland
Platinum 429 946 1 060
Palladium 379 766 808
Poland
Platinum 30 23 39 51 * 60
Palladium 20 13 23 30 * 30
Russia
Platinum (a) 26 500 52 471 24 900 25 000 22 000
Palladium (a) 115 700 107 500 89 900 84 000 81 300
Other platinum metals (a) 2 200 2 100 2 800 2 600 2 800
Serbia
Platinum 6 3 3 *3
Palladium 22 4 22 20 * 20
Botswana
Platinum 498 373 435 218 93
Palladium 2 830 2 115 2 582 1 337 560
Ethiopia
Platinum (b) 1 1 * * *
South Africa
Platinum 147 790 148 008 128 590 137 024 93 991
Palladium 82 222 82 731 74 738 76 008 58 410
Other platinum metals 57 292 58 111 51 010 51 156 36 043
Zimbabwe
Platinum 8 639 10 827 10 524 13 066 12 483
Palladium 6 916 8 422 8 136 10 153 10 138
Other platinum metals 1 536 2 162 2 090 2 677 * 2 800
Canada
Platinum * 3 500 * 8 300 * 8 200 * 9 700 * 10 700
Palladium * 6 100 * 14 400 * 14 400 * 16 800 * 18 700
Other platinum metals * 400 * 900 * 900 * 1 100 * 1 200
USA
Platinum 3 450 3 700 3 670 3 720 * 3 650
Palladium 11 600 12 400 12 300 12 600 * 12 200
Colombia 997 1 231 1 460 1 504 1 135
China
Platinum * 1 400 * 1 400 * 1 400 * 1 400 * 1 400
Palladium * 700 * 700 * 700 * 700 * 700
Australia
Palladium (c) 781 445 706 786 766
World total 481 000 518 000 440 000 453 000 373 000
Notes
(1) Wherever possible, figures relate to quantities of platinum group metals thought to be recovered from ores originating in the country
stated
(2) Figures for metal production are only given for countries where recovery is thought to be based predominantly on domestic materials
or on imported materials which have not been recorded as mine production elsewhere in the table
(3) In addition to the production listed, concentrates produced in Spain, and possibly other countries, are believed to be processed in
China to recover platinum group metals
(a) Sales from mine production and stocks

(b) Years ending 7 July of that stated
(c) Platinum group metals; all forms
59
Production of potash tonnes (K2O content)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Belarus 5 222 600 5 305 800 4 830 700 4 178 500 6 339 990
Germany
Potassic salts 3 023 941 3 214 696 3 149 386 3 075 201 3 126 913
Russia
Chloride 3 087 210 6 604 470 5 563 200 6 104 270 7 402 350
Spain
Chloride 513 222 520 555 421 652 711 272 972 045
United Kingdom
Chloride * 403 800 * 462 000 * 540 000 * 540 000 * 600 000
Canada
Chloride 9 788 000 11 005 000 8 962 717 10 140 000 11 345 000
USA
Potassic salts 930 000 1 000 000 900 000 960 000 * 850 000
Brazil
Chloride 417 990 423 850 346 509 492 151 442 372
Chile
Chloride 961 000 864 000 996 172 1 158 403 1 108 478
China 2 344 500 2 598 800 2 559 000 3 600 000 * 3 600 000
Israel
Chloride 2 041 342 1 789 721 2 115 468 2 155 414 2 212 923
Jordan 1 284 791 1 355 160 1 094 400 1 046 500 1 100 000
World total 30 000 000 35 100 000 31 500 000 34 200 000 39 100 000
60
Production of rare earth oxides tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Russia 1 496 1 444 2 131 1 443 2 134
USA 1 800 3 300 * 4 200
Brazil * 160 * 188 * 134
China (a) * 118 900 * 105 000 * 100 000 * 95 000 * 95 000
Malaysia 471 498 114 229 221
Australia (b) 2 188 2 612 970 3 965
Note(s)
(1) All the figures in this table are either reported as rare earth oxides or are calculated to rare earth oxide equivalent.
(2) Prior to the 2005-2009 edition of this book, a table for the production of 'rare earth minerals' was included rather than the current 'rare
earth oxides'. Users should exercise caution when comparing statistics over longer time periods.
(3) Although rare earth minerals are believed to be extracted in other countries, there is insufficient evidence to estimate the quantities of
contained oxides.
(4) Where possible, data are shown against the country where the mineral is mined.
(a) Includes production from iron ore extraction, bastnasite concentrates and ion absorption clays
(b) Years ending 30 June of that stated
Production of rhenium tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Armenia *0 *0 *1 *0 *0
Poland 3 3 3 5 *5
Russia *2 *1 *2 *2 *2
USA 6 9 8 7 *8
Chile * 25 * 27 * 27 * 27 * 27
Peru *5 * * * *
China *1 *1 *1 *1 *1
Kazakhstan *2 *3 *3 *3 *
Uzbekistan *0 *0 *0 *0 *0
61
Production of salt tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Albania
Sea salt * 47 000 * 47 000 * 47 000 * 47 000 * 47 000
Armenia 29 440 35 570 37 798 30 786 39 793
Austria
Rock salt 95 169 222 184 245
Salt in brine 1 071 842 1 150 474 3 193 216 3 717 419 3 846 881
Azerbaijan 4 449 * 5 000 5 345 6 268 5 165
Belarus 2 411 683 2 617 565 2 176 650 2 625 270 1 820 547
Bulgaria 1 900 000 2 200 000 2 100 000 2 000 000 * 2 000 000
Croatia 66 835 53 963 45 992 42 502 33 039
Denmark 601 046 * 595 000 * 590 000 580 000 * 580 000
France (a) * 8 500 000 * 8 500 000 6 545 600 7 312 200 6 500 000
Germany
Rock salt 9 992 156 8 765 168 5 938 855 8 510 652 4 928 656
Brine salt 2 118 484 2 217 205 2 182 440 2 164 456 2 133 359
Salt in brine * 4 500 000 * 6 500 000 * 10 900 000 7 878 895 4 075 004
Greece 164 000 174 500 191 970 189 500 * 190 000
Italy
Rock salt & brine salt 4 006 882 2 912 128 2 862 440 2 672 340 2 560 441
Montenegro
Sea salt 11 200 10 000 16 000 10 000 * 10 000
Netherlands 5 982 000 6 866 000 6 513 000 6 517 000 6 500 000
Poland
Rock salt 1 221 700 1 233 800 782 500 1 310 500 763 100
Brine salt 2 464 400 2 633 300 2 732 200 2 735 500 2 705 100
Other salt 763 515 768 000 724 000 686 352 641 769
Portugal
Rock salt 618 961 631 295 520 284 473 095 69 702
Sea salt 44 574 47 267 88 693 91 282 96 321
Romania 2 388 357 2 248 940 1 888 516 2 127 780 2 046 740
Russia 704 000 373 000 413 000 348 000 361 000
Serbia 30 816 23 334 16 506 13 704 12 994
Slovenia 59 4 291 5 684 3 360
Spain
Rock salt 3 115 940 3 096 383 2 785 959 2 973 993 * 3 000 000
Sea salt 1 242 718 1 314 529 1 222 060 1 221 018 1 320 000
Other salt 92 644 92 850 100 643 114 829 105 000
Switzerland 643 000 478 324 492 700 560 076 418 389
Turkey 4 044 254 6 545 546 5 254 813 5 564 736 * 5 500 000
Ukraine 4 908 186 5 938 000 6 181 415 5 796 287 2 497 706
United Kingdom 6 666 000 6 060 000 6 460 000 6 930 000 * 5 000 000
Algeria
Brine salt & sea salt 187 160 245 000 178 000 172 900 192 982
Angola * 50 000 * 40 000 * 40 000 * 40 000 * 40 000
Botswana 364 761 446 525 389 481 521 306 515 311
Djibouti * 12 000 * 8 000 * 4 000 * 500 * 300
Egypt (b) 2 703 250 2 460 462 2 883 577 2 192 936 * 2 200 000
Eritrea * 27 000 * 27 000 * 28 000 * 28 000 * 28 000
Ethiopia (c) 330 359 388 153 320 000 318 402 * 300 000
Ghana * 85 000 * 100 000 * 100 000 * 100 000 * 100 000
Guinea * 15 000 * 15 000 * 15 000 * 15 000 * 15 000
Kenya (d) 6 194 24 639 9 980 8 895 18 936
Libya * 40 000 * 20 000 * 30 000 * 30 000 * 30 000
Madagascar * 78 000 * 85 000 * 85 000 * 85 000 * 85 000
Mauritania 391 690 * 700 * 700 * 700
Mauritius (e) 3 000 4 000 3 800 3 800 3 500
Morocco 503 351 720 814 * 730 000 * 488 300 439 160
Mozambique (e) * 120 000 * 120 000 * 130 000 * 130 000 * 130 000
Namibia 783 036 792 000 810 000 651 141 * 657 000
Niger * 1 300 * 1 300
Senegal 231 400 258 200 237 300 243 000 244 700
South Africa 394 493 381 177 399 135 479 024 493 828
Sudan 141 840 10 791 26 315 20 800 * 15 000
Tanzania 34 455 32 297 34 016 36 032 54 757
Tunisia (e) 1 804 000 1 180 500 1 131 200 1 146 000 698 700
62
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Bahamas (f) 1 310 915 713 138 659 671 956 789 1 493 308
Bonaire * 300 000 * 400 000 * 400 000 * 400 000
Canada
Rock salt 9 536 288 11 629 830 9 820 792 11 223 829 13 173 990
Other salt (g) 1 001 200 994 718 1 023 832 986 253 995 546
Cuba 271 800 280 800 215 900 222 400 243 300
Dominican Republic (a) * 50 000 * 50 000 * 50 000 * 50 000 * 50 000
El Salvador (e) 114 100 98 200 103 100 * 100 000 * 100 000
Guatemala (e) * 50 000 * 50 000 * 60 000 * 60 000 * 60 000
Honduras * 40 000 * 40 000 * 40 000 * 40 000 * 40 000
Jamaica 14 232 14 001 14 587 14 166 * 14 000
Mexico 8 634 098 9 361 454 10 100 935 10 297 955 * 11 000 000
Netherlands Antilles 337 321
Nicaragua (e) * 30 000 * 30 000 * 30 000 * 30 000 * 30 000
Panama (e) 27 587 16 577 15 596 27 197 25 660
USA
Rock salt (h) 19 052 000 19 360 000 13 392 000 14 508 000 * 15 876 000
Salt in brine (h) 16 454 000 16 720 000 17 484 000 19 223 000 * 20 727 000
Evaporated salt (h) 7 794 000 7 920 000 6 324 000 6 851 000 * 7 497 000
Argentina 1 532 124 1 888 676 1 843 975 * 1 800 000 * 1 800 000
Brazil
Rock salt 1 415 373 1 335 454 1 403 364 1 349 411 * 1 400 000
Sea salt 5 614 959 4 829 275 6 078 507 5 926 042 * 6 000 000
Chile 7 694 879 9 966 038 8 057 130 6 576 960 10 553 440
Colombia
Rock salt 288 676 305 706 308 547 319 184 340 263
Sea salt 139 810 116 265 211 721 113 226 105 577
Ecuador * 75 000 * 75 000 * 75 000 * 75 000 * 75 000
Peru 1 228 900 1 468 266 1 242 765 1 205 435 * 1 200 000
Venezuela (e) * 350 000 * 350 000 * 350 000 * 350 000 * 350 000
Afghanistan * 5 000 5 000 5 250 5 550 5 680

Bangladesh (b) 1 388 557 1 409 239 1 430 329 1 438 805 1 460 698
Burma (j) 125 218 162 319 207 261 169 109 187 616
Cambodia (e)(i) * 170 000 * 95 000 * 80 000 * 85 000 * 85 000
China 70 377 600 67 421 600 69 117 800 73 676 000 64 338 000
India
Rock salt (j) 1 200
Sea salt (j) 14 202 300 18 188 300 19 205 600 17 517 000 21 022 100
Other salt (j) 4 406 600 3 990 800 5 341 300 5 502 300 5 865 000
Indonesia * 600 000 * 650 000 * 700 000 * 720 000 * 750 000
Iran (k) 3 291 063 2 714 735 2 961 952 3 251 195 * 3 250 000
Iraq 102 000 136 007 143 441 181 928 * 182 000
Israel (e) 420 749 399 649 414 984 442 417 459 742
Japan (j) 1 122 000 978 000 925 000 929 000 928 000
Jordan 32 542 32 000 * 32 000 * 32 000
Kazakhstan 276 131 364 222 463 960 519 188 596 508
Korea (Rep. of) 222 509 372 230 308 847 421 259 303 510
Korea, Dem. P.R. of * 500 000 * 500 000 * 500 000 * 500 000 * 500 000
Kuwait * 50 000 * 50 000 * 50 000 * 50 000 * 50 000
Laos 32 240 35 100 47 600 * 48 000 * 48 000
Lebanon * 15 000 * 15 000 * 15 000 * 15 000 * 15 000
Mongolia 1 862 2 183 2 461 * 2 100 * 2 100
Oman 12 300 12 400 12 800 11 800 12 900
Pakistan
Rock salt (b) 1 943 527 1 953 711 2 135 760 2 159 939 2 220 347
Sea salt (b)(d) 174 786 286 697 292 135 297 047 254 985
Philippines (e) 557 644 720 146 774 815 992 640 * 993 000
Saudi Arabia
Rock salt & brine salt 1 800 000 1 864 000 1 611 000 1 900 000 1 990 000
Sri Lanka 104 000 87 256 * 100 000 * 100 000 * 100 000
Syria * 80 000 * 80 000 * 40 000 * 20 000 * 10 000
Taiwan 262 594 104 854 70 750 80 966 81 893
Tajikistan 50 365 26 994 27 954 32 062 36 348
Thailand
Rock salt 1 405 406 1 359 493 1 363 539 1 300 156 1 381 067
Other salt * 100 000 * 100 000 * 100 000 * 100 000 * 100 000
63
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Turkmenistan * 215 000 * 215 000 * 220 000 * 220 000 * 220 000
Uzbekistan * 60 000 * 60 000 * 60 000 * 60 000 * 60 000
Vietnam 975 300 862 000 776 400 718 700 765 700
Yemen, Republic of * 70 000 * 70 000 * 70 000 * 70 000 * 70 000
Australia 12 186 996 12 849 548 13 167 372 13 503 763 13 453 514
New Zealand 60 000 70 000 88 000 55 000 65 000
World total 279 300 000 288 300 000 283 500 000 292 500 000 282 300 000
Notes
(1) This table does not include production of refined salt
(2) Salt is known to be produced in many countries for which statistics are not available.
(a) Salt; all forms

(c) Years ended 7 July of that stated
(d) Lake salt
(e) Sea salt
(f) Exports
(g) Including salt in brine
(h) Sold or used by producers
(i) Seasons beginning in November and ending in May of the year stated.
(j) Years ended 31 March following that stated
(k) Years ended 20 March following that stated
Production of selenium metal tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Armenia 13 14 17 20 20
Belgium * 200 * 200 * 200 * 200 * 200
Finland 73 86 93 72 94
Germany (a) * 650 * 700 * 650 * 700 * 700
Poland 79 85 90 80 90
Russia * 170 * 265 * 172 * 155 * 212
Sweden 72 70 70 100 * 100
Canada 97 35 144 159 154

Mexico 62 95 95 132 120
Peru 59 54 42 50 * 40
China * 65 * 65 * 65 * 65 * 65
Japan 804 809 820 739 782
Kazakhstan * 130 * 130 * 130 * 130 * 130
Philippines * 65 * 65 * 70 * 70 * 70
Uzbekistan * 20 * 20 * 20 * 20 * 20
Notes
(1) In addition to the countries listed, Australia, Chile, the Republic of Korea and Zimbabwe are believed to produce selenium metal
(a) Includes selenium produced from imported material
64
Production of sillimanite minerals tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
France
Andalusite * 65 000 * 65 000 * 68 000 * 68 000 * 68 000
Madagascar 4 500 4 500 * 4 500

South Africa
Andalusite * 245 000 * 295 000 * 265 000 * 270 000 * 270 000
USA
Kyanite (a) 93 000 98 000 99 000 110 000 * 100 000
Brazil
Kyanite (b) * 200 * 200 * 200 * 200 * 200
India
Kyanite (c) 5 954 4 064 1 048 1 922 * 2 000
Sillimanite (c) 48 784 59 206 43 736 61 597 76 480
Nepal
Kyanite (d) * 24 25 29 19 12
Notes
(1) A number of other countries produce sillimanite minerals but details of output are not reported
(2) In addition to the countries listed above as producing sillimanite minerals, synthetic mullite is believed to be produced in Brazil,
Germany and Hungary
(3) Production capacity for synthetic mullite also exists in China, India, Japan, the USA and the United Kingdom but output is believed to
be zero.
(a) Including related minerals

(d) Years ending 15 July of that stated
65
Mine production of silver kilograms (metal content)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Armenia 16 400 16 100 14 000 14 083 13 295

Azerbaijan 1 400 4 175 626 2 051 970
Bulgaria * 55 000 * 55 000 * 55 000 * 55 000 * 55 000
Finland 11 020 11 160 10 479 14 226 12 830
Greece 29 000 * 33 300 * 39 800 39 759 35 785
Greenland 9 27 *3
Macedonia * 32 000 * 30 000 * 31 000 * 32 000 * 33 000
Poland 1 183 000 1 167 000 1 149 000 1 161 114 1 384 000
Portugal 20 561 28 027 29 890 40 621 43 172
Romania * 18 000 * 18 000 * 18 000 * 18 000 * 18 000
Russia (a) 1 144 600 1 134 000 1 399 600 1 412 100 1 334 300
Serbia (a) 4 384 7 380 8 388 * 8 400 * 8 400
Slovakia 320 330 441 508 437
Spain 20 800 29 900 32 943 * 31 000 * 31 000
Sweden 302 145 301 959 309 337 341 346 382 611
Turkey 363 520 246 500 193 890 189 600 205 000
United Kingdom 506 531 230 82
Algeria 147 70 42 27 16
Botswana 8 700 22 597 22 288
Burkina Faso 31 320 * 60 000
Eritrea 4 417 29 922 15 799 47 398
Ethiopia (b) 771 715 * 2 400 * 1 400 * 1 000
Ghana * 3 900 * 3 900 * 3 900 * 3 900 * 3 900
Ivory Coast 98 410 572 585
Morocco 243 000 227 100 230 200 255 000 276 800
Namibia 1 841 2 376 2 010 2 165
Niger 326 197 329 110 67
South Africa 79 315 73 180 67 304 68 777 37 268
Sudan 631 * 700 * 700 * 700 * 1 000
Tanzania 12 040 13 524 11 227 11 014 14 493
Canada 591 482 661 089 685 255 640 362 493 087
Guatemala 194 681 273 058 204 681 281 331 858 349
Honduras 59 787 50 634 51 896 50 916 58 826
Mexico 4 410 749 4 777 710 5 358 195 5 821 001 5 765 662
Nicaragua 6 995 7 927 10 207 13 745 13 587
USA 1 275 900 1 122 300 1 055 300 1 037 000 1 183 900
Argentina 693 600 702 000 750 000 774 470 905 100
Bolivia 1 259 000 1 215 586 1 206 000 1 287 200 1 345 022
Brazil 14 630 15 238 20 145 22 427 * 22 000
Chile 1 286 688 1 291 272 1 194 521 1 173 845 1 571 788
Colombia 15 300 24 045 19 368 13 968 11 498
Ecuador 1 169 1 589 2 934 1 198 577
Peru 3 640 444 3 418 862 3 480 587 3 674 283 3 777 800
China 3 085 441 3 231 626 3 639 100 3 670 210 3 567 568
India (c) 148 303 207 144 374 046 349 774 * 340 000
Indonesia 335 040 227 173 247 827 123 109 119 189
Iran * 40 000 * 40 000 * 40 000 * 35 000 34 945
Japan 4 981 4 486 3 536 3 644 3 541
Kazakhstan 552 060 650 649 963 182 963 580 989 247
Korea (Rep. of) 2 025 2 649 2 925 3 897 3 289
Korea, Dem. P.R. of * 50 000 * 50 000 * 50 000 * 50 000 * 50 000
Laos 17 234 17 976 20 221 32 262 39 823
Malaysia 436 459 1 628 361 533
Mongolia 19 641 19 107 19 118 29 332 39 160
Philippines 41 004 45 530 49 211 40 043 23 005
Saudi Arabia 7 670 5 839 5 500 4 158 4 888
Tajikistan 3 100 1 800 1 800 1 800 1 700
Thailand 15 300 16 423 32 047 32 381 29 216
Uzbekistan 59 100 * 60 000 * 60 000 * 60 000 * 60 000
66
Mine production of silver kilograms (metal content)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Australia 1 879 000 1 725 006 1 726 933 1 839 782 1 847 110
Fiji 328 418 342 462 361
New Zealand 17 136 14 324 5 630 11 223 15 811
Papua New Guinea 83 957 90 055 81 332 89 666 84 302
Solomon Islands 592 902 685 280
World total 23 387 000 23 415 000 25 064 000 26 053 000 27 427 000
Notes
(a) Smelter and/or refinery production
Production of natural sodium carbonate tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Turkey 1 623 192 1 749 068 1 852 817 1 665 077 * 1 650 000
Botswana 240 898 257 851 248 629 227 913 268 529
Ethiopia (a) 4 046 3 650 * 4 000 * 4 000 * 4 000
Kenya 473 689 499 100 449 269 468 215 409 845
USA 10 600 000 10 700 000 11 100 000 11 500 000 * 11 600 000
Notes
(a) Years ended 7 July of that stated
Production of strontium minerals tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Spain 83 035 97 102 96 888 90 972 128 077
Morocco * 2 500 * 2 500 * 2 500 * 2 500 * 2 500
Mexico 31 429 40 669 46 190 67 778 64 931
Argentina (a) 8 512 1 056 * 5 000 * 5 000 * 5 000
China * 700 000 * 700 000 * 700 000 * 700 000 * 700 000
Iran 40 000 * 20 000 * 20 000 * 20 000
Pakistan (b) 160
Notes
(1) In addition to the countries listed, Germany is believed to produce strontium minerals
(a) May contain unbeneficiated material

67
Production of sulphur and pyrites tonnes (sulphur content)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Austria
Recovered (a) 40 512 48 612 47 572 45 442 44 560
Belarus
Recovered (a) 41 606 45 625 58 322 58 343 70 379
Belgium
Recovered (c)(a) 353 000 396 500 382 100 396 900 * 400 000
Recovered 2 264 4 648 4 473 4 568 4 513
Bulgaria
Recovered (c) 379 000 411 800 375 800 392 200 * 392 000
Recovered (a) 50 000 50 000 55 000 60 000 * 60 000
Croatia
Recovered (a) 6 834 14 725 17 411 15 902 19 384
Czech Republic
Recovered (a) 65 000 35 000 35 000 35 000 * 35 000
Denmark
Recovered (a) 3 246 3 045 3 925 3 599 4 435
Finland
Pyrites 250 000 338 000 375 000 347 000 353 000
Recovered (c) 269 449 319 971 329 831 315 958 336 168
Recovered (a) 122 000 133 300 121 700 130 000 * 130 000
France
Recovered (a) 570 000 505 000 440 000 370 000 * 370 000
Recovered (b) 78 400 78 400 78 400 78 400 * 78 400
Germany
Recovered (a) 831 533 874 639 798 257 754 540 708 146
Recovered (b) 520 220 542 210 493 169 464 776 437 677
Greece
Recovered (a) 230 000 214 943 227 197 230 000 * 230 000
Hungary
Recovered (a) 55 000 60 000 65 000 58 000 * 54 000
Italy
Recovered (c) 124 200 65 400 58 800 40 200 * 40 200
Recovered (a) 600 000 620 000 540 000 510 000 * 510 000
Lithuania
Recovered (a) 73 470 76 699 73 040 81 449 76 594
Netherlands
Recovered (c) 121 000 120 900 117 600 120 900 * 120 000
Recovered (a) 465 000 470 000 450 000 430 000 * 410 000
Norway
Recovered (c) 36 900 37 531 41 464 38 745 40 119
Recovered (a) 22 000 19 000 20 000 22 000 * 22 000
Poland
Frasch 516 700 657 100 702 190 526 290 605 420
Recovered (c) 253 000 273 000 267 000 260 000 * 260 000
Recovered (a) 250 075 259 000 285 000 * 280 000 * 280 000
Portugal
Recovered 23 000 20 500 20 600 * 21 000 * 21 000
Romania
Recovered 50 700 55 600 50 000 60 000 * 47 000
Russia
Pyrites * 71 000 * 71 000 * 71 000 * 71 000 * 71 000
Recovered (a) 6 406 000 6 557 000 6 482 300 6 091 700 * 6 092 000
Recovered (b) 898 700 897 100 919 300 954 200 * 954 000
Sulphur ore * 50 000 * 50 000 * 50 000 * 50 000 * 50 000
Serbia
Recovered (c) 21 200 27 800 29 700 29 400 * 29 400
Slovakia
Recovered (c) 4 900 4 900 4 900 4 900 * 4 900
Recovered (a) 73 200 83 300 76 200 85 300 * 85 300
Spain
Recovered (c) 547 400 490 200 578 400 539 200 * 539 000
Recovered (a) 480 000 520 000 545 000 515 000 * 515 000
Sweden
Recovered (c) 180 540 211 280 198 850 194 938 205 616
Recovered (a) 83 947 92 973 93 442 64 587 86 538
68
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Turkey
Pyrites 55 152 56 780 52 080 45 348 * 40 000
Recovered (a)(b) 72 900 72 900 72 900 * 72 900 * 72 900
Sulphur ore 427 3 820 5 889 8 069 * 10 000
Ukraine
Sulphur ore 87 000 102 000 140 000 120 000 * 120 000
United Kingdom
Recovered (a) 162 000 165 000 158 000 313 000 134 000
Algeria
Recovered (a) 19 500 16 200 10 400 10 000 * 10 000
Egypt
Recovered (a) 80 000 80 000 60 000 80 000 * 80 000
Libya
Recovered (a) 130 200 30 000 100 000 50 000 * 20 000
Morocco
Recovered 30 000 45 000 60 000 60 000 * 60 000
South Africa
Pyrites 30 309
Recovered (c) 141 000 174 000 133 000 * 130 000 * 130 000
Recovered (a) 205 000 163 000 124 000 * 120 000 * 120 000
Zambia
Recovered (c) 245 000 228 800 261 400 262 000 * 265 000
Aruba
Recovered 43 653 16 408 *
Canada
Recovered (c) 979 232 638 000 665 000 677 000 649 000
Recovered (a) 6 492 699 5 970 000 5 594 000 5 624 000 5 265 000
Cuba
Recovered (a) 5 000 15 000 18 000 20 000 * 20 000
Mexico
Recovered (c) 425 000 522 900 555 600 555 600 * 556 000
Recovered (a) 991 802 959 488 1 010 875 1 028 800 * 998 000
Netherlands Antilles
Recovered (a) 14 000
Trinidad & Tobago
Recovered (a) 20 000 20 000 15 000 10 000 * 15 000
USA
Recovered (c) 791 000 720 000 586 000 616 000 * 730 000
Recovered (a) 8 320 000 8 230 000 8 410 000 8 600 000 * 9 040 000
Argentina
Recovered (c) 23 000 * 23 000 * 23 000 * 23 000 * 23 000
Brazil
Pyrites 24 803 17 744 21 746 17 581 * 20 000
Recovered (c) 286 875 290 000 255 693 * 220 000 * 220 000
Recovered (a) 143 147 170 136 222 561 218 014 * 220 000
Chile
Recovered (c) 1 660 048 1 680 224 1 724 042 1 770 574 1 849 250
Colombia
Recovered (a) 7 013 6 375 7 138 5 969 6 222
Sulphur ore 59 556 58 073 63 790 52 470 48 513
Ecuador
Recovered (a)(d) 5 000 5 000 7 000 5 000 * 5 000
Peru
Recovered (e) 490 000 539 200 503 600 555 600 * 556 000
Venezuela
Recovered (a) 350 000 420 000 465 000 415 000 * 420 000
69
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Bahrain
Recovered (a) 138 477 125 648 * 120 181 * 120 000 * 120 000
China
Pyrites 6 342 900 6 964 300 7 464 300 7 703 600 * 7 700 000
Recovered 6 403 900 7 026 100 7 228 700 7 516 300 * 7 500 000
Sulphur ore 3 200 000 4 000 000 4 660 000 4 975 000 * 4 975 000
India
Recovered (c)(f) 1 083 189 1 138 000 1 111 000 1 000 000 * 1 000 000
Recovered (a)(b) * 1 400 000 * 1 400 000 * 1 400 000 * 1 400 000 * 1 400 000
Indonesia
Recovered (c) 196 100 215 700 225 500 163 400 * 160 000
Recovered (a) 115 000 120 000 120 000 120 000 * 120 000
Iran
Recovered (e) 1 780 000 1 780 000 1 890 000 1 890 000 1 900 000
Iraq
Recovered (a) 125 000 140 000 250 000 190 000 * 190 000
Israel
Recovered (a) 50 000 50 000 50 000 65 000 * 65 000
Japan
Recovered (c)(g) 1 818 600 1 626 500 1 755 600 1 685 700 * 1 700 000
Recovered (a) 1 891 875 1 755 329 1 747 246 1 778 963 1 750 938
Jordan
Recovered (a) 549 000 502 000 460 000 486 000 * 490 000
Kazakhstan
Recovered (c) 522 900 549 000 588 200 604 600 * 604 000
Recovered (a) 2 350 000 2 311 000 2 150 500 2 452 700 2 464 600
Korea (Rep. of)
Recovered (c) 1 029 400 1 078 400 1 078 400 1 078 400 * 1 078 000
Recovered (a) * 660 000 1 350 000 1 525 000 1 600 000 1 450 000
Korea, Dem. P.R. of
Pyrites 17 900 17 900 17 900 17 900 * 17 900
Recovered (c) 16 300 16 300 16 300 16 300 * 16 300
Kuwait
Recovered (a) 828 288 743 000 844 300 850 000 * 850 000
Oman
Recovered (a) 50 000 36 000 59 000 51 000 * 50 000
Pakistan
Recovered (h) 26 641 27 645 25 560 20 610 35 672
Philippines
Recovered (c) 169 000 169 000 88 200 169 900 * 169 900
Recovered (a) 45 000 45 000 45 000 45 000 * 45 000
Qatar
Recovered (a) 1 124 210 1 655 937 1 843 982 1 978 862 * 1 900 000
Saudi Arabia
Recovered (a) 3 200 000 3 300 000 4 092 000 3 900 000 * 3 800 000
Singapore
Recovered (a) 195 000 300 000 330 000 300 000 * 300 000
Syria
Recovered (a) 50 000 60 000 20 000 * 6 000 * 3 000
Taiwan
Recovered 231 700 219 975 231 296 192 292 195 280
Thailand
Recovered (c) 45 800 45 800 45 800 45 800 * 45 800
Recovered (a) 190 000 200 000 210 000 220 000 * 210 000
Turkmenistan
Recovered (a) 100 000 200 000 240 000 400 000 * 410 000
United Arab Emirates
Recovered (a) 180 000 1 875 000 2 200 000 2 510 000 * 2 530 000
Uzbekistan
Recovered (c) 124 800 124 800 130 700 130 700 * 131 000
Recovered (a) 390 000 362 000 360 000 385 000 * 385 000
Australia
Recovered (c) 931 400 931 400 882 400 817 000 * 800 000
Recovered (a) 60 000 60 000 60 000 50 000 * 50 000
New Zealand
Recovered 35 000 35 000 32 700 35 000 * 35 000
70
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
World total
Pyrities 6 800 000 7 500 000 8 000 000 8 200 000 8 200 000
Frasch 500 000 700 000 700 000 500 000 600 000
Recovered 64 500 000 67 400 000 68 900 000 69 500 000 69 100 000
Sulphur ore 3 400 000 4 200 000 4 900 000 5 200 000 5 200 000
Notes
(a) From petroleum refining and/or natural gas
(b) Other
(c) From metal sulphide processing
(d) Including frasch
(e) Sulphur; all forms
(g) Including S content of sulphur ore
Production of talc tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Austria 138 367 132 018 134 665 134 814 131 108
Finland 419 345 429 494 396 332 361 840 380 821
France 400 000 400 000 350 000 350 000 350 000
Italy 140 000 140 000 140 000 162 234 * 165 000
Macedonia 1 292 547 286
Norway 6 392 8 191 7 983 8 459 * 8 000
Portugal 11 981 15 462 15 131 11 348 14 942
Romania 296 131 13
Russia * 150 000 * 150 000 * 150 000 * 150 000 * 150 000
Slovakia 7 000 7 000 2 000 10 000 3 000
Spain
Talc 51 897 11 957 8 857 * *
Pyrophyllite 5 600 *
Sweden 4 000 3 000
Turkey
Talc 1 826 9 959 14 537 1 132 * 1 100
Pyrophyllite 192 643 115 462 85 251 101 872 * 100 000
United Kingdom 2 633 3 708 3 667 2 947 4 907
Egypt (a) 35 474 12 934 21 516 63 358 * 65 000

Morocco
Talc 516 200 * *
Pyrophyllite 27 066 4 613 * 4 600 * 4 600 * 4 600
South Africa
Talc 3 150 4 453 4 765 4 924 4 827
Pyrophyllite 122 511 121 368 18 734 17 336 18 900
Canada 100 000 147 000 154 000 175 000 81 000
Guatemala 2 175 3 273 2 449 3 253 * 3 300
Mexico 870 51 221 463 214 846 813 * 850 000
USA 604 000 616 000 515 000 542 000 * 535 000
Argentina (b) 24 820 24 379 23 576 * 24 000 * 24 000

Brazil (b) 412 359 443 533 459 539 592 844 * 600 000
Chile 238
Colombia (b) 90 * 100
Peru
Talc 19 767 28 296 31 559 32 899 28 847
Pyrophyllite 30 399 31 678 * 31 000
Uruguay 830 54 880 370 710 360
71
Production of talc tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Bhutan 26 302 8 562 16 063 9 584 12 601

China 2 000 000 2 000 000 * 2 200 000 * 2 200 000 * 2 200 000
India
Pyrophyllite (c) 240 082 255 891 247 968 208 454 * 211 000
Steatite (c) 902 686 998 438 971 778 865 126 790 910
Iran (d) 158 439 58 987 116 087 93 116 * 95 000
Japan
Talc * 24 000 * 24 000 * 25 000 * 26 000 * 26 000
Pyrophyllite * 340 000 * 350 000 * 340 000 * 350 000 * 350 000
Korea (Rep. of)
Talc 5 729 15 068 21 625 2 808 5 484
Pyrophyllite 673 936 510 708 483 133 524 881 622 865
Korea, Dem. P.R. of * 50 000 * 50 000 * 50 000 * 50 000 * 50 000
Nepal (e) 5 674 3 556 6 935 5 140 5 703
Pakistan (a) 53 991 47 561 55 515 93 214 72 234
Saudi Arabia
Pyrophyllite 25 000 8 000 6 000 6 000 7 000
Taiwan 360 659 778 362 133
Thailand
Talc 672 2 304 5 856 7 880 82 080
Pyrophyllite 2 205 5 300 35 000 * 35 000 * 35 000
Vietnam
Pyrophyllite * 16 000 * 16 000 * 16 000 * 16 000 * 16 000
Australia (a) 80 000 99 000 135 000 * 104 000 * 115 000
World total 7 500 000 7 400 000 7 800 000 8 200 000 8 300 000
Notes
(b) Including talc, agalmatolite and pyrophyllite
(e) Years ended 15 July of that stated
72
Production of tantalum and niobium minerals tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Russia
Nb content 397 431 450 511 581
Ta content 31 27 31 32 40
Burundi
Columbite-tantalite 29 52 117 31
Congo, Democratic Republic
Columbite-tantalite 279 383 586 500 1 140
Ethiopia
Tantalite (a) 400 207 * 200 * 200 * 200
Madagascar
Columbite 21 8 *8 *8 *8
Mozambique
Tantalite 55 139 140 * *
Nigeria
Tantalite 58 64 63 * 60 * 60
Columbite 128 23 23 * 25 * 25
Rwanda
Columbite-tantalite 560 829 * 1 100 * 2 500 2 303
Canada
Pyrochlore * 10 100 * 10 800 * 10 900 * 12 300 * 13 000
Tantalite 121
Nb content 4 419 4 532 4 819 4 910 5 480
Brazil
Pyrochlore * 238 000 * 243 000 * 268 000 * 244 000 * 280 000
Columbite-tantalite * 310 * 240 * 210 * 392 * 400
China
Columbite-tantalite * 350 * 350 * 350 * 350 * 350
Malaysia
Struverite 84 110 262 190 255
Australia
Tantalite * 240 * 100
World total concentrates (b) 251 000 257 000 282 000 261 000 298 000
Nb content 105 000 108 000 119 000 109 000 125 000
Ta content 600 700 800 1 100 1 200
Notes
(1) Niobium and tantalum minerals are believed to be produced in Namibia and South Africa.
(2) The figures in this table refer to gross tonnage of tantalum and niobium concentrates, except where otherwise indicated
(3) Tantalum is also recovered from tin slags and is believed to have accounted for approximately 20% of raw material supplied
(a) Years ended 7 July of that stated

(b) Excluding Russia
Production of tellurium metal tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Russia 31 31 30 * 30 * 30
Sweden 7 24 31
Canada 8 6 11 12 9
USA 50 * 50 * 50 * 50 * 50
Japan 47 47 43 31 32
Notes
(1) In addition to the countries listed, Germany is believed to produce tellurium metal
73
Mine production of tin tonnes (metal content)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Portugal 22 39 42 84 75
Russia 143 75 249 156 * 150
Spain 9 69 0
Burundi 67 159 259 74 106

Egypt ... ... 69 85
Niger 6 10 1 8 5
Nigeria 1 258 1 406 2 408 2 516 2 485
Rwanda 3 970 4 508 3 477 3 671 4 447
Tanzania 4 22 68 118 59
Uganda 24 0 0 19 33
Bolivia 20 190 20 373 19 702 19 287 19 791

Brazil 10 400 10 725 13 667 16 830 * 17 000
Peru (a) 33 848 28 882 26 105 23 668 23 105
Burma * 800 * 2 100 * 2 100 * 9 000 * 35 000

China 129 600 127 400 115 900 157 980 160 000
India (b) 45 37 36 26 * 25
Indonesia * 92 300 * 97 400 * 101 200 * 88 400 * 70 200
Laos 463 337 520 579 868
Malaysia 2 668 3 340 3 725 3 697 3 777
Mongolia 7 42 (c)* 54 (c)* 60 (c)* 60
Thailand 291 282 199 132 156
Vietnam * 5 400 * 5 400 * 5 400 * 5 400 * 5 400
Australia 18 263 14 014 6 158 6 472 7 207
World total 329 000 327 000 312 000 342 000 355 000
Notes
(a) Recoverable
(c) Estimate based on reported exports
Smelter production of tin tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Belgium 9 946 10 008 11 350 10 346 9 718

Poland 602 82 1 375 1 900 2 253
Russia 1 381 726 900 489 * 490
Bolivia (a) 14 975 14 518 14 280 14 863 15 439

Brazil 9 098 9 382 11 955 14 721 12 100
Peru 36 451 32 290 24 811 24 181 24 460
China 149 000 155 500 148 100 159 601 186 900
India (b) 24 23 14 23 *
Indonesia * 64 200 * 73 000 * 79 800 * 63 000 * 63 800
Japan 841 947 1 133 1 786 1 746
Malaysia 38 737 40 267 37 792 32 668 34 971
Thailand 23 551 20 670 19 996 19 088 16 929
Vietnam 3 042 * 3 900 * 4 800 * 5 500 * 5 500
World total 352 000 361 000 356 000 348 000 374 000
Notes
(1) Figures relate to both primary and secondary metal
(2) In addition to the countries listed, many countries produce small amounts of secondary metal
(a) Refined, including alloys

74
Production of titanium minerals tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Norway
Ilmenite 864 000 870 000 830 614 826 126 863 660
Russia
Ilmenite 2 500 63 490 125 095 150 458 178 426
Ukraine
Ilmenite * 600 000 * 600 000 * 600 000 * 600 000 * 600 000
Rutile * 100 000 * 100 000 * 100 000 * 100 000 * 100 000
Egypt
Ilmenite 11 000 * *
Kenya
Ilmenite 281 543
Rutile 52 465
Madagascar
Ilmenite * 273 000 511 000 562 000 562 000 334 000
Rutile * 5 700 * 9 400 * 13 000 * 8 800 * 7 000
Mozambique
Ilmenite 678 400 636 800 574 500 720 100 854 600
Rutile 4 700 6 500 5 100 4 000 6 100
Senegal
Ilmenite 1 005 290
Rutile 262
Leucoxene 401
Sierra Leone
Ilmenite 18 206 14 576 21 400 32 350 25 265
Rutile 68 198 67 970 94 490 120 350 83 138
South Africa
Ilmenite (b) * 1 200 000 * 1 369 000 * 1 203 000 * 1 070 000 * 1 105 000
Rutile 135 000 133 000 * 141 000 * 734 000 * 133 000
Canada
Ilmenite (a)(b) * 2 400 000 * 2 500 000 * 2 700 000 * 2 800 000 * 2 500 000
USA * 200 000 * 300 000 * 300 000 * 200 000 * 100 000
Brazil
Ilmenite 53 928 68 804 69 071 78 264 * 80 000
Rutile 2 331 2 350 1 881 2 021 * 2 000
China
Ilmenite * 1 000 000 * 1 100 000 * 1 100 000 * 1 100 000 * 1 100 000
India
Ilmenite (c) 663 217 751 163 738 524 * 740 000 * 740 000
Rutile (c) 26 593 16 598 16 527 * 16 000 * 16 000
Kazakhstan * 17 000 * 17 000 * 17 000 * 17 000 * 17 000
Malaysia
Ilmenite 19 036 28 782 22 275 16 043 8 159
Rutile 7 567 10 810 20 008 5 983 3 069
Sri Lanka
Ilmenite 52 637 62 955 44 707 42 685 135 298
Rutile 2 568 1 970 1 590 3 155 37 070
Vietnam
Ilmenite 586 800 760 000 978 300 1 038 300 * 1 100 000
Australia
Ilmenite 1 339 000 1 276 600 1 344 200 1 342 000 * 1 340 000
Rutile 438 000 474 300 438 856 232 000 * 300 000
Leucoxene 160 000 224 000 228 000 * 230 000 * 230 000
World total
Ilmenite (wt of concs) 10 000 000 10 900 000 11 200 000 11 300 000 12 400 000
Rutile (wt of concs) 800 000 800 000 800 000 1 200 000 700 000
All forms (TiO2 content) 5 600 000 6 100 000 6 200 000 6 600 000 6 700 000
75
Production of titanium minerals

Notes
(1) The figures in this table refer to gross tonnage of titanium concentrates
(2) Some ilmenite is converted to synthetic rutile in Australia, India, Japan and USA
(3) In 2014 South Africa produced an estimated 700 000 tonnes of slag (85% TiO2) and Canada produced an estimated 1 000 000 tonnes
of slag (80-95% TiO2)
(a) Canada produces some ilmenite which is sold as such and not processed into slag, but tonnages are small
(b) It is believed that the majority of this is processed into slag.
Mine production of tungsten tonnes (metal content)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Austria 975 861 706 851 862

Portugal (a) 799 818 763 692 671
Russia 5 588 7 103 7 252 6 266 * 6 300
Spain 303 425 496 614 1 036
Burundi 100 162 190 50 * 50

Congo, Democratic Republic 40 23 37 60 8
Rwanda 630 950 1 105 * 1 800 * 1 700
Uganda 44 8 34 57 * 60
Canada 364 2 368 2 505 2 762 2 689
Bolivia 1 203 1 418 1 573 1 580 1 578

Brazil (b) 166 244 381 494 * 500
Peru 716 546 365 35 77
Burma (c) 163 * 140 * 130 * 140 * 140

China 51 287 61 802 62 009 64 895 * 68 000
Korea, Dem. P.R. of * 110 * 110 * 100 * 60 * 70
Kyrgyzstan * 100 * 100 * 100 * 100 * 100
Mongolia 27 13 42
Thailand (a) 481 229 107 203 139
Uzbekistan * 300 * 300 * 300 * 300 * 300
Vietnam * 1 000
Australia 16 15 28 31 12
World total 63 400 77 600 78 200 81 000 85 300
Notes
(1) In addition to the countries listed, the USA is known to produce tungsten
(a) Wolframite and scheelite

(b) Mainly scheelite
(c) Including tungsten content of tin-wolframite concentrates
76
Mine production of uranium tonnes (metal content)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Czech Republic 259 252 222 232 165

Germany *8 52 50 27 33
Romania * 77 * 77 * 90 * 80 * 77
Russia 3 563 2 993 2 862 3 135 2 990
Ukraine 850 890 960 1 075 962
Malawi 671 785 1 102 1 133 369

Namibia 4 500 3 262 4 500 4 328 3 259
Niger 4 198 4 159 4 821 4 277 4 156
South Africa 579 556 467 531 566
Canada 9 518 9 145 8 998 9 331 8 729

USA 1 628 1 537 1 596 1 794 1 884
Brazil 148 265 231 198 231
China * 827 * 1 500 * 1 500 * 1 450 * 1 500

India * 400 * 400 * 385 * 400 * 385
Kazakhstan 17 803 19 451 21 317 22 567 23 127
Pakistan * 45 * 45 * 45 * 41 * 45
Uzbekistan 2 400 3 000 3 000 2 400 2 400
Australia 5 971 5 961 7 022 6 370 5 001
World total 53 400 54 300 59 200 59 400 55 900

World total (U3O8 equivalent) 63 000 64 100 69 800 70 100 66 000
Notes
(1) Excluding uranium production from decommissioning operations
Mine production of vanadium tonnes (metal content)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Russia 12 293 12 860 14 856 14 402 15 125
South Africa 22 606 21 652 19 957 * 14 000 * 10 000
USA 1 060 590 106 591 *
Brazil 1 032
China * 32 000 * 36 000 * 39 000 * 41 000 * 41 000

Kazakhstan * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 000
World total 69 000 72 000 75 000 71 000 68 000
Notes
(1) This table includes vanadium in slag products but excludes vanadium recovered as a by-product of the refining and burning of heavy
oils
77
Production of vermiculite tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Russia * 30 000 * 30 000 * 30 000 * 30 000 * 30 000
Egypt 2 865 2 093 * 2 500 2 743 * 2 800

Kenya 395 515 457 400 * 400
South Africa 199 285 170 571 132 886 127 658 143 007
Uganda 1 121 6 882 4 165 243 *
Zimbabwe 13 300
Mexico 98 241 500 425 * 400

USA (a) * 100 000 * 100 000 * 100 000 * 100 000 * 100 000
Argentina 2 500 1 000 * 320 * 500 * 500

Brazil 49 976 54 970 51 986 68 014 * 70 000
China * 15 000 * 15 000 * 15 000 * 15 000 * 50 000

India (b) 19 234 10 194 7 947 10 176 * 24 000
Japan * 6 000 * 6 200 * 6 200 * 6 200 * 6 200
Australia (c) 7 922 8 297 9 256 9 091
Notes
Production of wollastonite tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Finland 12 100 11 500 * 11 500 * 11 500 * 11 500

Spain 6 000 7 417 10 918 16 738 15 298
Mexico 46 548 47 523 55 204 57 302 54 579

USA * 67 000 * 70 000 * 70 000 * 70 000 * 70 000
China 710 000 745 000 * 750 000 * 750 000 * 750 000
India (a) 183 381 184 445 145 667 192 642 179 660
Notes
78
Mine production of zinc tonnes (metal content)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Armenia 7 468 8 106 8 431 8 294 7 649

Bulgaria (a) 9 904 10 977 12 116 13 902 11 900
Finland 55 562 64 115 52 200 41 124 46 100
Greece 18 400 21 200 20 800 22 549 23 085
Kosovo 4 100 2 872 3 818 4 983 5 514
Macedonia 32 872 28 132 28 037 30 907 31 570
Montenegro * 250 * 3 300 4 677 5 487 5 505
Poland 107 700 87 200 76 700 75 900 56 000
Portugal 6 422 4 227 30 006 53 382 67 378
Romania * 7 700 * 8 800 * 8 400 * 2 000 * 3 300
Russia 214 000 197 000 189 000 193 000 217 000
Serbia 2 600 3 100 6 000 5 800 7 100
Slovakia 82 103 134 190 176
Spain 17 323 33 197 28 634 30 428 26 756
Sweden 198 687 194 021 188 325 176 582 221 841
Turkey 195 500 158 057 195 793 195 025 210 152
Burkina Faso 35 640 67 760

Morocco 43 680 45 065 47 600 44 200 45 412
Namibia 204 200 192 500 193 600 188 402 178 399
Nigeria 200 3 100 13 800 7 000 7 000
South Africa 36 142 36 629 37 034 30 145 26 141
Tunisia 200 600 7 400 7 700 7 400
Canada 649 065 622 600 641 134 426 545 352 745
Guatemala 442 1 221 13 394
Honduras 33 839 26 000 26 000 25 000 30 000
Mexico 570 004 631 859 660 349 642 542 659 878
USA 748 100 724 800 738 400 784 400 * 820 000
Argentina 32 600 38 000 42 000 47 650 57 577

Bolivia 411 409 427 129 389 911 407 332 448 970
Brazil 211 203 197 840 164 258 152 147 * 159 000
Chile 27 662 36 602 26 762 29 759 45 094
Peru 1 470 450 1 256 383 1 281 282 1 351 273 1 319 000
Burma * 8 600 * 9 200 * 8 000 * 4 800 * 6 100

China 3 842 200 4 050 000 4 859 100 5 187 700 * 5 200 000
India (b) 729 886 726 518 759 527 758 449 670 538
Iran 128 000 138 000 138 000 130 000 150 000
Kazakhstan 453 500 429 000 425 000 417 000 386 300
Korea (Rep. of) 355 743 1 434 1 749 1 919
Korea, Dem. P.R. of * 38 000 * 34 000 * 35 000 * 36 000 * 32 000
Laos 1 140 1 642 883 * 2 000 * 2 000
Mongolia 56 300 52 350 59 550 52 050 46 600
Pakistan (c) 9 100 11 123 10 024
Philippines 9 268 18 170 19 559 16 730
Saudi Arabia 4 879 4 934 21 213 26 293 41 804
Tajikistan 9 000 29 900 24 300 54 300
Thailand 21 971 22 259 24 996 25 887 34 033
Vietnam * 36 000 * 34 000 * 25 000 * 20 000 * 17 000
Australia 1 480 000 1 514 756 1 541 224 1 524 504 1 561 109
World total 12 500 000 12 500 000 13 400 000 13 600 000 13 700 000
Notes
79
Production of slab zinc tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Belgium (a) 260 000 282 000 250 000 252 000 262 000
Bulgaria 93 800 88 400 73 100 * 72 000 87 800
Finland 307 144 307 352 314 742 311 686 302 000
France 163 000 164 000 161 000 152 000 171 000
Germany 165 000 170 000 169 000 162 000 165 000
Italy 104 700 110 200 97 200 111 000 110 100
Netherlands 264 000 261 000 257 000 275 000 290 000
Norway 148 862 153 200 152 647 143 444 165 600
Poland 135 100 144 100 138 300 146 300 154 000
Russia 241 000 252 000 257 000 240 000 252 000
Spain 517 100 527 100 528 300 * 530 000 * 530 000
Ukraine 7 600 6 600 7 000 3 900 8 100
Algeria 31 000 25 000 20 000 25 000 25 000

Namibia 151 688 145 639 145 342 128 291 * 122 000
South Africa 90 000 73 000
Canada 691 221 662 151 648 619 651 634 649 217
Mexico 327 772 322 116 323 569 322 781 320 923
USA 248 700 247 600 261 400 233 200 185 000
Argentina 42 700 43 500 37 500 37 900 29 100

Brazil 288 107 284 770 246 526 242 000 246 000
Peru 223 112 313 714 319 280 346 400 336 500
China 5 208 900 5 212 200 4 881 200 5 279 600 5 826 900
India (a) 740 402 783 647 704 228 767 994 737 829
Iran 120 000 132 000 148 000 140 000 132 000
Japan 574 008 544 674 571 312 587 291 583 021
Kazakhstan 318 858 319 847 319 847 320 150 324 946
Korea (Rep. of) 750 000 828 735 881 100 886 000 901 000
Korea, Dem. P.R. of * 36 000 * 30 000 * 31 000 * 32 000 * 27 000
Thailand 95 219 98 370 101 263 76 576 65 694
Uzbekistan 50 000 65 000 62 000 * 54 000 * 66 000
Vietnam * 16 000 * 18 000 * 18 000 * 12 000 * 12 000
Australia 499 000 507 316 498 259 498 291 481 573
World total 12 900 000 13 100 000 12 600 000 13 000 000 13 600 000
Notes
80
Production of zirconium minerals tonnes (metric)
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Russia 9 308 8 914 (a)* 9 000 (a) 8 504 (a)* 8 500

Ukraine * 35 000 * 35 000 * 35 000 * 35 000 * 35 000
Kenya 40 123
Madagascar 7 490 13 075 22 500 22 500 27 000
Mozambique 37 100 43 600 46 900 31 400 50 800
Senegal 8 277
Sierra Leone 7 092 8 350 610 2 950 1 868
South Africa 381 000 383 000 * 393 000 * 292 000 * 393 000
USA * 110 000 * 115 000 * 115 000 * 115 000 * 115 000
Brazil (a) 23 235 23 283 20 425 21 154 * 20 000
China * 33 500 * 33 500 * 33 500 * 33 500 * 33 500

India (b) 33 209 25 996 21 125 * 20 000 * 20 000
Indonesia (c) * 50 000 * 127 000 * 109 000 * 49 000 * 21 000
Malaysia 1 267 1 685 442 379 677
Sri Lanka 9 200 641 293 323 * 325
Vietnam 23 730 24 020 * 21 000 * 7 000 * 7 000
Australia 549 000 762 100 604 900 388 000 * 400 000
World total 1 310 000 1 605 000 1 433 000 1 027 000 1 182 000
Notes
(1) In this table the term 'zirconium minerals' is understood to mean zircon, unless otherwise stated
(a) Including caldasite rock containing zircon and baddeleyite

(b) Years ending 31 March following that stated
(c) Conservative BGS estimates, based on exports
81
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World Mineral

WORLD MINERAL PRODUCTION

Authors: T J Brown, C E Wrighton, N E Idoine, E R Raycraft, R A Shaw, E A Deady,

Technical support: A C MacKenzie

Keyworth, Nottingham British Geological Survey 2016

BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

London Office, Natural History Museum (Earth Galleries),

The full range of Survey publications is available from the

The London Office also maintains a reference collection of

The Survey publishes an annual catalogue of its maps and

The British Geological Survey carries out the geological

The British Geological Survey is a component body of the

All communications regarding the content of this publication

The compilations presented in this book are copyright and

Cover image: Muscovite mica collected near Loch Nevis,

ISBN 978-0-85272-856-7 (print version)

ISBN 978-0-85272-857-4 (website version)

British Geological Survey

Commodity Index Coverage

Alumina 3 Manganese 47 World Mineral Production covers the majority of

For certain minerals and metals no world total is shown due to

Use by recipients of information provided by the BGS, is at

Compilation of this volume of mineral statistics has been

Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Dominican Republic 8 888 10 522 769 530 1 446 311

(a) Data for Alabama only

Production of alumina tonnes (Al2O3 content)

Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Azerbaijan 6 188 101 780

Guinea 597 000 574 000 150 000

(a) Years ended 31 March following that stated

Production of primary aluminium tonnes (metric)

Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Azerbaijan 379 6 817 54 890 53 290 50 357

Cameroon 76 000 69 000 52 000 75 000 93 000

(a) Years ended 30 June of that stated

Mine production of antimony tonnes (metal content)

Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Russia 6 039 6 348 * 6 400 * 6 520 * 6 500

Morocco 1 696 1 570 710 * 1 000 * 1 000

Canada 100 100 100 177 5

Bolivia 4 980 3 947 5 081 5 053 4 186

Burma * 4 700 * 5 600 * 5 900 * 7 400 * 3 300

Australia (a) 707 1 751 1 950 3 277 3 828

(a) Years ended 30 June of that stated

Production of white arsenic tonnes (metric)

Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Belgium * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 000 * 1 000

Morocco 13 731 8 154 8 820 8 968 * 8 800

Bolivia 155 99 104 120 52

China * 25 000 * 25 000 * 26 000 * 25 000 * 25 000

Production of asbestos tonnes (metric)

Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Argentina 341 105 102 * 100 * 100

(a) Years ended 31 March following that stated

Production of barytes tonnes (metric)

Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Bosnia & Herzegovina 57 13 28

Algeria 42 254 36 500 36 000 30 250 56 829

Canada 22 000 22 000 22 000 25 000 25 000

Argentina 2 858 5 053 * 4 200 * 4 200 * 4 200

Afghanistan * 1 000 500 300 400 500

Australia 16 529 10 569 10 273 13 176 14 676

(a) Sold or used by producers