TheCognitiveProcessDimension

ATaxonomyforLearning,Research,andAssessing:ARevisionofBloomsTaxonomyofEducational
Objectives,eds,LorinAnderson,DavidKrathwohl,withPeterAirasian[et.al.]ISBN:080131903X

RecommendallofChapter5asareferencewhenwritingLearningObjectives.

Category Sub Synonyms Definitionandexamples

category

Remember: Recognize Identify Locatingknowledgeinlongtermmemorythatisconsistentwith
presentedmaterial(eg,RecognizethedatesofimportanceinU.S.
Retrieverelevantknowledge
history)
fromlongtermmemory

Recall Retrieve Retrievingrelevantknowledgefromlongtermmemory(eg,recall
thedatesofimportanteventsinUShistory)


Understand: Interpret: Clarify Changingfromoneformofrepresentation(eg,numerical)to
Paraphrase another(eg,verbal)(eg,Paraphraseimportantspeechesand
Constructmeaningfrom
Represent documents)
instructionalmessages, Translate
includingoral,written,and
graphiccommunication

Exemplify: Illustrate Findingaspecificexampleorillustrationofaconceptorprinciple
Instantiate (eg,Giveexamplesofvariousartisticpaintingstyles)
Classify: Categorize Determiningthatsomethingbelongstoacategory(eg,Classify
Subsume observedordescribedcasesofmentaldisorders)
Summarize: Abstract Abstractingageneralthemeormajorpoint(s)(eg,Writeashort
Generalize summaryoftheeventportrayedonavideotape)
Describe
Infer: Conclude Drawingalogicalconclusionfrompresentedinformation(eg,In
Extrapolate learningaforeignlanguage,infergrammaticalprinciplesfrom
Interpolate examples)
Predict
Compare: Contrast Detectingcorrespondencesbetweentwoideas,objects,andthelike
Map (eg,Comparehistoricaleventstocontemporarysituations)
Match
Explain: Model Constructingacauseandeffectmodelofasystem(eg,Explainthe
causesofimportant18thCenturyeventsinFrance)

Apply: Execute Carryout Applyingaproceduretoafamiliartask(eg,Divideonewhole
numberbyanotherwholenumber,bothwithmultipledigits)
Carryoutoruseaprocedure
inagivensituation
Implement Use Applyingknowledge(oftenprocedural)toanonroutinetask. (eg,
UseNewtonsSecondLawinsituationsinwhichitisappropriate)

Analyze: Differentiate Discriminate Distinguishingrelevantfromirrelevantpartsorimportantfrom
Distinguish unimportantpartsofpresentedmaterial.(eg,Distinguishbetween
Breakmaterialintoits
Focus relevantandirrelevantnumbersinamathematicalwordproblem)
constituentpartsand Select
determinehowtheparts
relatetooneanotherandto
anoverallstructureor
purpose
Organize Findcoherence Determininghowelementsfitorfunctionwithinastructure. (eg,
Integrate Structureevidenceinahistoricaldescriptionintoevidenceforand
Outline againstaparticularhistoricalexplanation.)
 Parse
Structure
Attribute Deconstruct Determiningthepointofview,bias,values,orintentunderlying
presentedmaterial.(eg,Determinethepointsofviewoftheauthor
ofanessayintermsofhisorherpoliticalperspective)

Evaluate: Check Coordinate Detectinginconsistenciesorfallacieswithinaprocessorproduct.
Test Determiningwhetheraprocessorproducthasinternalconsistency;
Makejudgmentsbasedon
Detect detectingtheeffectivenessofaprocedureasitisbeing
criteriaandstandards Monitor implemented.(eg,Determineifascientistsconclusionsfollowfrom
observeddata)
Critique Judge Detecting inconsistenciesbetweenaproductandexternalcriteria,
determiningwhetheraproducthasexternalconsistency;detecting
theappropriatenessofaprocedureforagiventaskorproblem.(eg,
Judgewhichoftwomethodsisthebestwaytosolveagiven
problem)

Create: Generate Hypothesize Comingupwithalternativesorhypothesesbasedoncriteria (eg,
Generatehypothesestoaccountforanobservedphenomenon)
Putelementstogetherto
formacoherentorfunctional
whole;reorganizeelements
intoanewpattern
Plan Design Devisingaprocedureforaccomplishingsometask. (eg,Plana
researchpaperonagivenhistoricaltopic)
Produce Construct Inventingaproduct. (eg,Buildhabitatsforaspecificpurpose)