Centrifugal Fans in Industrial Ventilation

Neel Rao
Writes on Reitz Centrifugal Fans &
Reitz India centrifugal blower fans
technologies.
An Industrial building is often a closed building. We want an environment
inside the building to be comfortable. There are various types of industrial
processes going inside the industrial building. These different processes
can make the temperature inside the building higher. This extra heat has to
be vented out of the building using an external equipments like fans,
louvres, gravity vents, heaters.
Industrial ventilation differs from the air conditioning. It pushes outside air
to ventilate interiors of the building. Most of the industrial buildings are
insulated from outside to maintain operational efficiency. In this scenario
the best thing that can be done is to bring the temperature inside the
building close to the temperature outside the building. Air conditioning is
far more expensive than the general ventilation. Air conditioning requires
condensers which is a type of induction motor and it consumes lot of
power to run. Low cost of industrial ventilation makes it lucrative to
managers and plant owners.
The four common methods of industrial ventilation

Powered Forced Supply/ Powered Forced Exhaust

As the name connotes supply fans and exhaust fans, both are motorized.
The advantage of having both the fans motorized is that the airflow in
and out is always regulated. The rate of ventilation doesnt depend on
external parameters like type of building, outside temperature and shear
of wind etc.
Powered Forced Supply/ Natural Exhaust
In this ventilation system supply fans are motorized and exhaust fans are
natural vents (gravity vents). The natural exhaust vents are mounted in the
roofs and takes a shape of hood ventilator. The type of vent generally
depends on conditions which helps in maintaining a low pressure of air
and allows maximum volume of air to move. Special care has to be taken
to design ventilation so that rate of air flow doesnt depend on external
factors like wind, temperature difference and dimensions of the building. It
is cheaper than Powered forced supply/Powered forced exhaust.
Natural Supply/Powered Forced Exhaust
Powered forced exhaust fan creates a low pressure condition inside the
building. As we know the movement of air is from high pressure to low
pressure, the air outside the building moves inside the building through any
vent on the building. The ventilation system is accepted if the low pressure
inside the building is acceptable. In this system also rate of air exchange is
independent of external factors like wind and dimensions of the building.
Natural Supply/Natural Exhaust
This works on natural phenomenon that warm air becomes lighter and
moves upwards creating an area of low pressure. To fill this area of low
pressure cooler air rushes in. For this phenomenon to occur in our building
we have to provide vents on the side of the building and vents on roof of
the building. For this system to work effectively we need to have tall
building, there should be significant temperature difference and dimension
and shapes of the vents should be designed properly.
Centrifugal fans in ventilation
Centrifugal fans appear like a squirrel cage. In a centrifugal fan the
direction of flow of air is at 90 degrees to the shaft. Since these fans are
capable of displacing constant volume of air or gas at increased speed,
they are widely used in industial ventilation and application processing.
They are common in chemical processing plants and big industrial
complexes. Industrial ventilation takes into consideration the type of
building, floor area of the building, building height and work flow process.
It also depends on the outside summer and winter temperatures.
Benefits
Having good ventilation using centrifugal fans can prevent people from
diseases. People working in different industries are exposed to different
environment which makes them prone to hazardous diseases. Adopting a
good ventilation system using centrifugal fans prevent such adverse
environment being created inside the industry.
1. Pharmaceutical Industry
When dealing with chemical optimum supply of oxygen is required.
Moreover temperature and relative humidity should not spoil the product
during the manufacturing or storage. A good ventilation makes sure the
abundance of oxygen and the quality of the product.
2. Cement Industry
The cement industry suffers from dust pollution. Occupational hazards
include respiratory ailments. In addition to dust there are chemicals like
gypsum, calcium oxides and aluminium silicate. The industry also requires
cooling effect because high temperature is caused due to the presence of
kiln. Ventilation provides double benefits of removing dust and
maintaining ambient temperature.
3. Iron and Steel Industry
This industry is characterised by high temperature because of heating
processes. Small metal particles also get into the environment. This in turn
may cause respiratory problems. Ventilation removes this heat from the
chambers of industry and small metal particles are also removed.
4. Glass manufacturing industry
Glass industry makes use of heat to manufacture and mould glass. In this
process lots of fumes are generated. So, it becomes indispensable to
remove the heat and fumes by having proper ventilation.
About REITZINDIA
Reitz India has set a benchmark to deliver high quality fans for heavy duty
industries which can work at precise operating conditions like high
temperatures and pressures. Reitz offer idealistic Centrifugal Fan and
Centrifugal blower design that can be used in all large scale process
industries like cement, iron & steel, power plants, fertilizers/ chemicals
and more.

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