Engineering Mechanics Ruslan S.

Abdul Rahman

Moment of Inertia (Second Moment)

The moment of inertia of the area about a given axis is the sum of the products of the
elementary are as into which the body can be sub-divided and the square of the
distance of the centroids of these elementary area from that axis.
A-Moment of inertia at composite area (Uniform Area) (Parallel Axis Theorem)
The moment of inertia of any figure about any axis can be found as:

+ A
Ix = I
And
+ A
Iy = I

The moment of inertia for composite area is:

Ix = + +
Also
Iy = + +

Radius of Gyration of an area

From the moment of inertia and area the radius of gyration of an area are determined
from the formulas:

Kx = , Ky =

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Engineering Mechanics Ruslan S. Abdul Rahman

EX1 // Compute the moment of inertia for the composite area shown in Fig below
about the x - axis.
100mm

75mm
75mm
100mm
SOLUTION

75mm
- For rectangle or part (1)

Ix1 = I + A 2

75mm
1
= bh3+ bh.d2
12
1
= (100)(150)3+(100)(150)(75)2 = 1125.5 x 106 mm4 (1)
12

- For circle or part (2)

Ix2 = I + A 2
1
= R4 + R2.d2
4
1
= (25)4 + (25)2(75)2 = 11.4 x 106 mm4 (2)
4

Ix = Ix1 Ix2
Ix = 1125.5 x 106 11.4 x 106 = 101 x 106 mm4

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Engineering Mechanics Ruslan S. Abdul Rahman

EX3 // Determine the moment of inertia and the radius of gyration of the shaded area
with respect to the y - axis.

SOLUTION

- For part (1)

(1)
Iy1 = I + A 2
1
= hb3+ bh.d2
12
1 (2)
= (6)(24)3+(24)(6)(zero) = 6912 mm4
12

- For part (2)

(3)
Iy2 = I + A 2
1
= hb3+ bh.d2
12
1
= (48)(8)3+(48)(8)(zero) = 2048 mm4
12

- For part (3)

Iy3 = I + A 2
1
= hb3+ bh.d2
12
1
= (6)(48)3+(48)(6)(zero) = 55296 mm4
12
Iy = Iy1 + Iy2 + Iy3
Iy = 6912 + 2048 + 55296 = 64256 mm4
A = A1 + A2 + A3
A = (24)(6) + (48)(8) + (48)(6) = 816 mm2

Ky = = = 8.87 mm

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Engineering Mechanics Ruslan S. Abdul Rahman

EX3// Compute the Iy for the composite area shown in Fig below:
10 cm

5 cm
SOLUTION 10 cm

- For part (1)

Iy1 = I + A 2

10 cm
1 (1)
= hb3+ bh.d2
12
1
= (10)(10)3+(10)(10)(5)2 = 3333 cm4
12

- For part (2)

Iy2 = I + A 2
1 1

10 cm
= hb3+ hb. d2
36 2
1 (5)(10) 5 2
= (10)(5) + 3
. ( ) = 104 cm4 (2)
36 2 3

5 cm
- For part (3)
Iy3 = I + A 2 10 cm
1 1
= R + R . d 4 2 2
8 2
1 1 (4)(5) 2
= (5)4 + [( ) (5)2 . (10 ) ] = 2680 cm4
8 2 3
Iy = Iy1 + Iy2 - Iy3
Iy = 3333+ 104 - 2680 = 757 cm4
(3)

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Engineering Mechanics Ruslan S. Abdul Rahman

HW:
1- Compute the moment of inertia in Ex1 about the y axis.
2- Find the moment of inertia and the radius of gyration in Ex2 about the x axis.
3- Compute Ix for Ex3.
4- Determine the moment of inertia for the area shown in figure about the x axis
and y - axis.